JP2019155243A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a magnetic separator having a matrix structure for making deposition of not hindering a flow.SOLUTION: A matrix structure for making deposition of not hindering a flow, is investigated by paying attention to a phenomenon of the deposition to between a plurality of wires. The wires are aligned, and a thickness of the wires and a lateral-longitudinal interval are optimized, so that the deposition of a particle captured by a line of magnetic force of extending over the longitudinal wires is maintained between the longitudinal wires. Its deposition is further strongly maintained by a strong magnetic field of a superconducting magnet.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetic separation device that efficiently captures and recovers iron oxide suspensions and the like.

  In general, magnetic separation is a technique for separating particles made of a magnetic material in a medium such as water from the medium. In particular, a high-gradient magnetic separation apparatus that separates fine particles is a magnet that generates a magnetic field. And a magnetic filter magnetized by the magnetic field. In recent years, a magnet that can generate a very strong magnetic field, such as a superconducting magnet, has been used as this magnet. On the other hand, examples of the magnetic filter include a filter body made of a ferromagnetic material and made of a steel wire mesh, steel wool or the like that controls the adsorption of magnetic particles. Such a magnetic filter is provided, for example, inside a cylindrical container having an inlet and an outlet for fluid, and an electromagnet (for example, a superconducting coil) wound around the peripheral surface of the container is provided outside the container. Magnet). This electromagnet magnetizes the filter body by forming lines of magnetic force across the cylindrical container. Thereby, the magnetic particles mixed in the fluid guided from the inlet to the container and passing through the filter body and discharged from the outlet are separated and removed by magnetically adsorbing the magnetized filter body ( For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  On the other hand, an alumina rod-like body in which fine blind holes distributed on the surface of porous alumina are filled with a magnetic material is assembled in a mesh shape, and the mesh is used as a permeation flow path. Magnetic filters having higher separation efficiency than filters are also provided (for example, Patent Document 3).

  The magnetic filter made of the above-described steel wire mesh, steel wool, or the like is a wire (for example, a wire or a fine metal wire) made of a magnetic material. Such a component forms a mesh structure or the like to form a filter body, which can also be referred to as a matrix that captures suspensions or the like. Here, the matrix generally means a base, a base, a base, and a prototype, but in this specification, it means a structure that can be formed by combining constituent elements.

  Thus, high gradient magnetic separation, which is a kind of magnetic separation technology, consists of a magnet that generates a magnetic field and a matrix that captures suspensions. The matrix is made of a magnetic metal and is industrially made of steel wool, wire mesh knitted with wire, punching metal, spheres, and the like. Although it is a relatively old technology, there has not been much practical research on the matrix structure itself.

  Non-Patent Document 1 is a paper on the trapping phenomenon in the matrix, and states that deposition occurs on the downstream side due to the influence of the flow around one wire, particularly the downstream vortex. Prior to this paper, it was thought that deposition would occur only on the upstream side, and the performance evaluation of magnetic separation was also considered on the assumption. In addition, the study of the deposition phenomenon in magnetic separation including this paper simply extrapolated the phenomenon of one wire to multiple phenomena, so that the deposition changes due to multiple wires. There wasn't. In other words, the phenomenon was complicated in the existing magnetic separation, so it was studied only with a very simplified model. For this reason, research on influences such as magnetic field strength was more mainstream than matrix structure. There is no example in which the apparatus was developed by examining the temporal change of deposition by a plurality of wires as in the present proposal.

  On the other hand, there are several examples of research on application of magnetic separation devices to power plants (for example, Non-Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 3).

JP-A-7-68109 JP 2011-56344 A JP 2008-188593 A

IEEE Trans. Mag. 30 6 (1994) 4662-4664 Thermal power generation 27 2 (1976) 161 Thermal Power Generation 35 1 (1984) 59-62

  In general, in magnetic separation, when the amount of traps increases, deposition increases and the flow is inhibited. As a result, pressure loss increases and clogging occurs. In addition, it is considered that the surface of the deposition is exposed to a fast flow, and the force from the fluid is larger than the magnetic force, making it difficult to capture on the deposition surface and reducing the capture performance. In the present invention, attention was paid to the phenomenon of deposition between a plurality of wires, and the structure of a matrix that creates deposition that does not disturb the flow was studied.

  In general, a suspension containing a magnetic material is separated from a suspension medium by directly attaching the suspension containing the magnetic material to the matrix by a magnetic force. When the amount of the attachment to the surface of the matrix exceeds a certain amount, It is thought that the adhesive force is greatly reduced due to the strong influence. Therefore, although it becomes difficult to separate a large amount of suspension, if there is a place where the suspension can be stored other than the surface of the matrix, a large amount of suspension can be separated. On the other hand, if a large amount of suspension is retained or stored in this matrix, there is a risk of clogging, and the amount of suspension that can be processed per unit time is drastically reduced. Further, if a structure such as a container for storing a large amount of suspension is provided in the matrix, the matrix structure becomes complicated and productivity is lowered. Furthermore, such a complex structure is not preferred when cleaning and reusing the matrix.

  Therefore, the present inventors are a matrix including a structure that can hold a large amount of suspension while having a simple structure, and the structure is an increase in pressure loss due to retention or storage of the suspension. We have succeeded in devising a matrix that has a low risk of clogging and is easy to clean and reuse the matrix.

  A magnetic field generator for generating a magnetic field in which a magnetic field line extends in one direction in a fluid in a suspension containing a magnetic material and a suspension containing a suspension medium for suspending the magnetic material (hereinafter referred to as “fluid”). A matrix comprising a first ferromagnet comprising a ferromagnetic material and a second ferromagnet comprising a ferromagnetic material, spaced apart in a direction having a predetermined angle with respect to the one direction; A magnetic separation device comprising: a support capable of holding the first ferromagnetic body and the second ferromagnetic body against the flow of fluid and / or against magnetic force, Suspensions are successively attached from one ferromagnet so that the first ferromagnet to the second ferromagnet can be bridged by the suspension in the space. A magnetic separation device configured can be provided. Here, either the first ferromagnet or the second ferromagnet can be upstream of the fluid flow.

  Here, the magnetic material refers to a material used for realizing various functions by utilizing properties as a magnetic substance or a ferromagnetic substance. The suspension may include a suspended substance and a suspended substance, and may mean a substance floating in the suspension medium. The suspension medium may be a fluid (including a liquid) capable of suspending the suspension, and may particularly include an aqueous liquid (or fluid). The magnetic field may generate magnetic field lines directed in one direction at least in the vicinity of the first ferromagnetic body and the second ferromagnetic body. This magnetic field is about 100 μT, about 1 mT, about 10 mT, about 100 mT, about 1 T, or more than each of these values in the vicinity of the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet T (Tesla) It is preferable that The magnetic field generator may include a magnet. An electromagnet may be included. A superconducting magnet may be included. The first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet are said to be arranged along the one direction (or in a direction having a predetermined angle with respect to each other) with a space therebetween. May be arranged side by side with an interval between them substantially parallel (or in a direction having a predetermined angle relative to). In addition, being along one direction is not only substantially parallel to the one direction, but also a line connecting the first ferromagnetic body and the second ferromagnetic body (connection direction). A connecting line segment) having an angle of 30 degrees or less, 25 degrees or less, 20 degrees or less, 15 degrees or less, 10 degrees or less, 5 degrees or less, or 3 degrees or less with respect to the one direction. There may be. For example, when the connection direction has a predetermined angle, it can be considered by the ratio of components when the connection direction is decomposed into one direction and a direction orthogonal thereto. The ferromagnetic material may include a material exhibiting ferromagnetism, and the term “ferromagnetism” refers to the magnetism of a substance in which adjacent spins are aligned in the same direction and have a large magnetic moment as a whole. it can. Such materials can include, for example, iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium, and the like. In addition, alloys such as these and compounds such as oxides may be included. The magnetic material may include a soft magnetic material, a hard magnetic material, a magnetostrictive material, and a magnetoresistive material. The first and second ferromagnetic materials may include a ferritic and martensitic stainless steel such as SUS430. The first magnetic body may have a projected area S1 when viewed from the one direction of the magnetic field. The second ferromagnetic material may have a projected area S2 when viewed from the one direction. S1 and S2 may be the same size or different. The projected image (projected image 1) of the first magnetic body viewed from the one direction is at least one different from the projected image (projected image 2) of the second magnetic body viewed from the one direction. It is preferable that the parts overlap. The size and shape of the projected image 1 and the projected image 2 may be the same or different. One third or more of the projected image 1 may overlap the projected image 2. One half or more of the projected image 1 may overlap the projected image 2. Two-thirds or more of the projected image 1 may overlap the projected image 2. The projected image 1 may substantially overlap the projected image 2.

  The space between the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body can be defined by the distance from the closest point of each of the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body. For example, it can mean the distance along the connecting direction of the closest parts of the first and second ferromagnetic materials. There may be a space between the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body, and in the suspension, the space may be filled with the suspension. The space may be defined by a distance from the closest point of each of the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body, that is, an interval. A suspension containing the magnetic material can be held in the gap or gap. The distance between the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body may be larger than 0 mm and to the extent that a bridge made of a suspension can be formed in the space. When the interval is too wide, there is a high possibility that a crosslink cannot be formed. Moreover, when too narrow, it will become difficult to hold | maintain much suspension. For example, it may be 5 mm or less. For example, it may be 64 times or less than the projected area S1. It may be 32 times or less than the projected area S1. It may be 16 times the projected area S1 or less.

  The shapes of the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body are not particularly limited. For example, each of the first magnetic body and the second magnetic body may be spherical, or may be a three-dimensional shape such as a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped, for example, perpendicular to the one direction. A straight cylinder may be used. For example, the first ferromagnetic body or the second ferromagnetic body may include a wire having a predetermined diameter (or a wire portion (the wire may include a wire portion)). Usually, since the wire has a flexible cylindrical shape, for example, the size can be defined by the diameter (or the diameter in the cross section). The diameter of the wire can be properly used depending on the size of the suspension to be captured. For example, if the size of the suspension approximated by a sphere is about 5 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, or 50 μm, It may be 5 times or more of any of them. It may be 10 times or more. It may be 20 times or more. Since the suspension is captured on the surface of the wire, if the diameter of the wire is too large, the capture efficiency may deteriorate. Moreover, since an arrangement place is also limited, it may be 10 cm or less industrially. Moreover, the length of the wire which comprises a 1st ferromagnetic body should just be long to such an extent that it is recognized that a predetermined angle is exhibited with respect to said one direction. For example, it may be twice or more the diameter. The predetermined angle may be an angle that is transverse to the one direction. Specifically, it may be approximately vertical, that is, approximately 90 degrees. It may be 88 degrees or more. It may be 85 degrees or more. It may be 83 degrees or more. The support may be connected or fixed to a member that is not moved by the fluid flow, for example, a wall that holds the fluid. Such a wall may include an inner wall of a pipe through which fluid flows. Moreover, you may include the protrusion member, recessed part material, and other engaging member which were fixed to the wall. The wall may also be a wall (typically, a tube wall or a wall surface of a tube that defines a flow path) that defines the fluid flow path. The support member fixed to the wall may extend across the flow path to support the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material.

  More specifically, by aligning the wires and optimizing the wire thickness (corresponding to the diameter) and the distance between the left and right sides, capture along the magnetic field lines (direction of the magnetic field) across the wires before and after the fluid flow. The deposited particle build-up is maintained between the two wires. Here, the wire may include a wire portion. Even if the wire portion is expressed or approximated by a straight line, the curved wire can include the wire portion. Further, if the magnetic field is strong, the deposition is further maintained firmly.

In addition, the following can be provided.
(1) In a magnetic separation device including a magnetic field generator, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, for separating suspended particles containing the magnetic material in the fluid.
The magnetic field generator can generate a magnetic field in one direction in the fluid,
The matrix includes a first ferromagnet and a second ferromagnet made of a ferromagnetic material arranged at a predetermined interval,
The first suspension particles attached to the first ferromagnet or the second ferromagnet become magnetized by the magnetic field, whereby the first suspension particles become a second suspension. The particles are adhered, and further, the third suspension particles are adhered to the second suspension particles by being magnetized by the magnetic field, and the same relationship is applied to the suspension particles after the fourth. As a result, a bridge is formed by a plurality of suspended particles from the first ferromagnet or the second ferromagnet to the second ferromagnet or the first ferromagnet. A direction of the magnetic field and a direction with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid and the spacing are selected and the first and second ferromagnets are arranged , Magnetic separation device.
(2) The first ferromagnetic body includes a first wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm, and has a length that can define an extending direction thereof.
The second ferromagnetic body includes a second wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm, and has a length that can define an extending direction thereof.
The first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet are substantially parallel to each other;
The length of the shortest connecting line segment of the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet is 5 mm or less,
When the plane defined by the first wire portion and the second wire portion is separated into an azimuth angle component and an elevation angle component with respect to one direction of the magnetic field and the direction of flow of the fluid, respectively. , Each elevation angle component is 30 degrees or less, and the azimuth angle component in one direction of the magnetic field is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment, the first wire portion and the second wire portion The magnetic separation device according to (1), wherein the wire portion is arranged and configured.
(3) one direction of the magnetic field such that a plane defined by the first wire portion and the second wire portion substantially includes one direction of the magnetic field and a direction of flow of the fluid. And the magnetic separation apparatus according to (2) above, wherein each of the elevation angle components in the fluid flow direction is 30 degrees or less.
(4) The magnetic separation device according to (2) or (3), wherein in the matrix, the first wire portion and the second wire portion each constitute a flat wire net.
(5) The first wire portion and the second wire portion are arranged and configured so that an azimuth angle component of the fluid flow is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment, The magnetic separator according to any one of 2) to (4).
(6) The first wire portion and the second wire portion are arranged and configured so that an azimuth angle component in one direction of the magnetic field is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment. The magnetic separator according to any one of (2) to (5) above.
(7) The first wire portion and the second wire portion are arranged and configured so that an azimuth angle component of the fluid flow is 30 degrees or less with reference to the shortest connecting line segment, 5) The magnetic separation apparatus described in the above.
(8) In the plane defined by the first wire portion and the second wire portion, the shortest connecting line segment is substantially perpendicular to the first wire portion and the second wire portion. The magnetic separation device according to any one of (2) to (7) above.
(9) The matrix is
A first matrix element comprising the first wire portion and the second wire portion;
A second matrix element,
The second matrix element is
An A1 wire portion and an A2 wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm,
The A1 wire portion and the A2 wire portion are arranged and configured to have the same relationship as the first wire portion and the second wire portion of the first matrix element;
The A1 wire portion and the A2 wire portion each include a ferromagnetic material,
The first matrix element and the second matrix element each include an outlet through which the fluid flows out of the first matrix element and an inlet through which the fluid flowing from the outlet enters, the first matrix element The magnetic separation device according to any one of (2) to (8), wherein an outlet of the second matrix element and an inlet of the second matrix element are separated by at least 5 mm.
(10) In a magnetic separation device including a magnetic field generator, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, for separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in the fluid.
The magnetic field generator can generate a magnetic field in one direction in the fluid,
The matrix includes at least two nets knitted with a wire including a ferromagnetic material;
The at least one wire constituting the at least two nets has a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm;
At least one opening of the at least two meshes is 2 to 4 times the diameter of the at least one wire;
The at least two meshes are arranged such that the face of each mesh is substantially perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow;
The at least two meshes are arranged such that each of the at least one mesh of the at least two meshes is in common with a distance of 1 to 5 mm along the fluid flow direction;
The magnetic separation device, wherein the support member constitutes at least part of a wall that defines the flow of the fluid.
(11) In a magnetic separation device including a magnetic field generator, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, for separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in the fluid.
The magnetic field generator can generate a magnetic field in one direction in the fluid,
The matrix includes a first ferromagnet and a second ferromagnet made of a ferromagnetic material, and the shortest connection line segment of the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet has a coupling direction. The connection direction is 30 degrees or less with respect to the one direction;
The fluid flow direction is 30 degrees or less with respect to the coupling direction, and the first ferromagnetic body is upstream of the second ferromagnetic body in the fluid flow;
The magnetic separation device, wherein projected images of the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material along the coupling direction include overlapping portions.
(12) The magnetic separation device according to (11), wherein a length of the shortest connecting line segment is 64 times or less of an area of the projected image of the first ferromagnetic body.
(13) The magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein the fluid includes water at 150 ° C. or higher and 15 atm or higher.
(14) A boiler water supply system for a thermal power plant comprising the magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (13).
(15) A secondary water supply system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant including the magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (13).
(16) A method for separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in a fluid,
A flow path through which the fluid flows, a magnetism generator for generating lines of magnetic force in one direction in the flow path, a first ferromagnetic body made of a ferromagnetic material arranged along the one direction, and a first And a support for holding the first and second ferromagnets in the flow path against the flow of the fluid and against the magnetic force. Including a magnetic separation device including the first ferromagnetic body on the upstream side of the second ferromagnetic body in the flow path through which the fluid flows,
The magnetic generator generates a magnetic field in the one direction in the flow path,
Attaching a suspension to the downstream side of the first ferromagnetic material, further attaching a suspension to the downstream side of the attached suspension,
The step of further attaching the suspension to the attached suspension is repeated to reach the upstream side of the second ferromagnetic material, and the suspension is interposed between the first and second ferromagnetic materials. The suspension is separated from the suspension by bridging with a deposit consisting of
(17) The method according to (16) above, wherein the fluid contains water at 150 ° C. or more and 15 atm or more.
(18) The method according to (17), wherein the magnetism generator is disposed so as to be insulated from the flow path so as to be insulated.
(19) The method according to (17) or (18), wherein the support is supported by a wall that defines the flow path.
(20) The flow path, the magnetic generator, the matrix, and the support are provided in at least a part of a boiler water supply pipe of a thermal power plant, according to any of (17) to (19) above. Method.
(21) Any of (17) to (19) above, wherein the flow path, the magnetic generator, the matrix, and the support are provided in at least a part of a secondary water supply system pipe of a pressurized water nuclear power plant. The method described in 1.

  The shortest connecting line segment having the connecting direction described above can mean a line connecting the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material, and being the shortest of them. For example, in the case of a simple shape such as two spheres, a line may be connected from the closest surface of the two spheres facing each other. Further, in the case of two cubes, an arbitrary point can be taken on each surface, the shortest line segment can be selected from the connected line segments, and the direction at that time can be set as the connection direction. Or, simply, the centers of the three-dimensional shapes (in many cases, the center of gravity is equivalent) may be connected. At this time, the length of the shortest connecting line segment can take the distance between the points where the connected lines cross each surface. Further, for example, in the case of two cylinders (which may include a cylindrical wire portion), projection images that are parallel to each other and formed in a direction along the radial direction overlap at least partially in the longitudinal direction. If the adjacent points on the side surfaces of the cylinder are connected to each other, the shortest connecting line segment having a connecting direction perpendicular to each axis is formed. With respect to the shortest connecting line segment having such a connecting direction, one direction of the magnetic field is preferably less than 90 degrees. However, when the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet are made of right circular cylinders arranged so that their respective axes are parallel and not in common, the plane can be defined by these axes. However, when the plane substantially includes one direction of the magnetic field, the direction is not particularly limited. Even if one direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the shortest connecting line segment, if there is a non-shortest connecting line segment, the first ferromagnetic body and the second ferromagnetic body This is because a chain of suspension can be formed between them. The direction of the fluid flow is preferably 30 degrees or less with respect to the connection direction. This is because either the first ferromagnet or the second ferromagnet is on the upstream side, and the pressure due to this flow can be reduced for the other. If the bridge or chain structure of the suspension formed between the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet is not large in the projected area along the fluid flow, The direction of this flow has little effect. In order to reduce the scale generated in boiler water supply systems of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, iron oxide suspensions such as exfoliation scales mainly composed of magnetite in feed water are efficiently used in high-temperature parts (150 ° C or higher). It is an invention relating to a magnetic separation device that captures and recovers well. The present invention efficiently recovers and removes a suspension with a high gradient magnetic separator. Since high gradient magnetic separation can be used even at high temperatures, it is expected to be applied in power plants. However, as the amount of suspended solids increases, pressure loss increases and capture performance decreases rapidly. Installation was difficult due to the problem of the need for clean work. Frequent cleaning greatly affects the efficient operation of power plants and equipment.

  The present invention mainly improves the efficiency of the apparatus by increasing the washing interval by changing the structure of the matrix, thereby reducing the increase in pressure loss and reducing the decrease in capture performance even if the recovered suspension increases. Operation became possible. In the proposed matrix, the wires constituting the matrix are aligned, and the traps are deposited by the magnetic force along the magnetic field lines between the wires by optimizing the thickness, front and rear, and left and right intervals of the wires. Therefore, the influence on the deposition flow can be suppressed. As a result, an increase in pressure loss can be suppressed even in a situation where deposition has increased, and the life of the filter can be extended.

  According to one embodiment of the present invention, iron is a suspension mainly composed of magnetite in the high temperature portion of the water supply system, so that it can be easily separated and removed from the water supply by magnetic separation. With this magnetic separation device, the suspended matter can be efficiently removed without increasing the energy loss, and the scale in the piping can be reduced.

  As a result, since the energy conversion efficiency of the power plant can be maintained, the amount of fuel consumed can be reduced, and at the same time, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted can be reduced. Moreover, in the present thermal power plant, the power plant is stopped once every several years, and the scale of the piping is removed by chemical cleaning. Expenses of tens of millions of yen are incurred for several months. If the scale can be reduced, the cleaning interval becomes longer, so the economic effect is great.

1 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the matrix part in FIG. 1 in a top view. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the matrix part in FIG. 1 in a side view. FIG. 2 is a schematic conceptual perspective view showing a three-dimensional examination in the magnetic field and fluid flow direction of the matrix portion having the same structure as the matrix portion in FIG. 1. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the matrix part in FIG. 4 in a top view. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the matrix part in FIG. 4 in a side view. 1 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the matrix part in FIG. 8 in a top view. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the matrix part in FIG. 8 in a side view. FIG. 9 is a schematic conceptual diagram showing a state in which a suspension containing a magnetic material adheres to the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material in the matrix portion of FIG. 8. In the matrix portion of FIG. 8, a suspension containing a magnetic material is further attached to the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material, and is suspended between the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material. It is an abbreviated conceptual diagram showing a state where a bridge made of turbid material is built In the matrix portion of FIG. 8, a suspension containing a magnetic material is attached to the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet, and suspended between the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet. It is a schematic conceptual diagram showing a state in which a bridge made of things is made like a magnet. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a schematic assumption in still another embodiment including a third ferromagnetic body, similar to the matrix portion of FIG. 8. It is a figure which shows the projection image of the 1st ferromagnetic material in one Example of this invention, and a 2nd ferromagnetic material. It is a figure which shows the projection image of the 1st ferromagnetic material in one Example of this invention, and a 2nd ferromagnetic material. It is a figure which shows the projection image of the 1st ferromagnetic material in one Example of this invention, and a 2nd ferromagnetic material. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic separation device comprising a first matrix element and a second matrix element in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic conceptual perspective view showing a three-dimensional examination in the magnetic field and fluid flow direction of the matrix portion having the same structure as the matrix portion of FIG. 8. FIG. 9 is a schematic conceptual side view showing a three-dimensional study in the magnetic field and fluid flow direction of a matrix portion having the same structure as the matrix portion of FIG. 8. FIG. 6 is a schematic conceptual view (perspective view) illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device as another additional embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic conceptual diagram (plan view) illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device as another additional embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic conceptual diagram (side view) illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device according to another additional embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 illustrates a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device that is another additional embodiment of the present invention, but is a simplified concept representing a bridge made of suspension between the first and second ferromagnets. It is a figure (perspective view). The matrix part of the magnetic separation apparatus which is another Example of this invention is illustrated, but here is a schematic conceptual diagram (perspective view) on which six ferromagnets are drawn. It is the graph which plotted the change of the capture rate by the difference in the structure of a matrix part with respect to the increase in input amount. It is the graph which plotted the change of the pressure loss by the difference in the structure of a matrix part with respect to the increase in input amount. It is the figure which represented the total capture amount of four samples from which the structure of a matrix part differs in the bar graph. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the breakthrough curve in high temperature. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the magnetic separation apparatus which is another one Example of this invention. It is a schematic conceptual diagram which shows the procedure which operates the magnetic separation apparatus which is another one Example of this invention. The photograph which shows the matrix part of the magnetic separation apparatus (Experiment A and Experiment B) which is another two another Example of this invention, and its description are shown. It is a graph which shows the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation apparatus of Experiment B of FIG. It is a graph which shows the total capture amount by the magnetic separation apparatus of Experiment A and B of FIG. It is a figure which shows the breakthrough curve (experimental value) by the magnetic separation apparatus of experiment B of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the boiler feed water system of a thermal power plant provided with the magnetic separation apparatus which is one Example of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the secondary water supply system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant provided with the magnetic separation apparatus which is one Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, this invention is not limited only to these illustrations, Of course, a various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic conceptual perspective view illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. The matrix portion includes first and second wires 15 that are the first ferromagnetic body and the second ferromagnetic body and are arranged in parallel with both ends aligned. These wires 15 define a plane 202 and a deposition area plane 21 a characterizing the deposition area in which the suspension is deposited is defined in the plane 202. One direction 14 of the magnetic field generated by the magnetism generator is included in this plane 202. A fluid flow direction 12 including a plurality of exemplified suspensions is also included in the plane 202. As described above, when the first and second ferromagnets constituting the matrix portion, one direction 14 of the magnetic field, and the direction 12 of the fluid flow are disposed in one plane 202, The suspension can be deposited in the deposition region (space sandwiched by the wire 15 and having the thickness of the diameter) characterized by the deposition region plane 21a included in the plane 202, and can be cross-linked by the suspension. At this time, one direction 14 of the magnetic field is not particularly limited as long as it is within the plane 202, but a direction perpendicular to the wire 15 is preferable. Also, the direction 12 of the fluid flow is not particularly limited as long as it is within the plane 202, but the wire is considered to easily reduce the pressure caused by the fluid flow by the first ferromagnetic material or the second ferromagnetic material. A direction perpendicular to 15 is preferred. Further, when there is a sufficient flow cross-sectional area of the fluid in the matrix portion including the two wires 15, the flow rate of the fluid parallel to the wire 15 depends on the flow direction of the fluid 15 because the flow cross-sectional area is blocked by the deposition region. This is preferable because the accumulation of the suspension inside can be maintained.

  2 and 3 are schematic conceptual views showing the matrix portion as described above in a plan view and a side view, respectively. As described above, the matrix portion includes a first ferromagnetic body 216 and a second ferromagnetic body 218 having substantially the same shape of a right circular cylinder, which are arranged in parallel with both ends aligned, and have a plane 202. Stipulate. Since both ends are aligned, the imaginary plane 223 connecting the end faces in the axial direction and the deposition region 221 composed of the space defined by the side surfaces of the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 are suspended. Objects build up and can be bridged by a suspension chain between the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218. At this time, similarly, one direction 214 of magnetic field (here, a plurality of possible directions are exemplified) and direction of fluid flow 212 (again, a plurality of possible directions are exemplified) are represented by plane 202. Is in. The shortest connection line segment connected from the respective surfaces of the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 is perpendicular to the axis of the right circular cylinder and has a connection direction included in the plane 202. The length corresponds to the distance between the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218. One direction 214 of the magnetic field parallel to the coupling direction forms an angle α of 0 degrees with respect to the coupling direction, and one direction 214 of the magnetic field perpendicular to the coupling direction is 90 degrees with respect to the coupling direction. The angle α is formed. As described above, one direction of the magnetic field where the angle α is 0 degrees is preferable, and in practice, the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet so that the angle α is 0 degrees. 218 is arranged and configured. Moreover, even if the angle α is 90 degrees, the suspension can be deposited in the deposition region 221, which is preferable. On the other hand, the fluid flow direction 212 parallel to the connection direction forms an angle β of 0 degrees with respect to the connection direction, and the flow direction 212 perpendicular to the connection direction is 90 degrees with respect to the connection direction. An angle β is formed. As described above, the flow direction in which the angle β is 0 degrees is preferable. In practice, the first ferromagnetic body 216 and the second ferromagnetic body 218 are made to have an angle β of 0 degrees. Place and configure. Further, even when the angle β is 90 degrees, the flow resistance is not so large as described above, which is preferable. Here, a virtual line connecting the closest points 316 and 318 at the staggered ends of the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 is considered. Assuming that the angle formed by the imaginary line with the connecting direction is γ, tan (γ) is the ferromagnetic material 216 corresponding to the distance (L) between the first ferromagnetic material 216 and the second ferromagnetic material 218, and 218 is the axial length. In such a case, considering the magnetization of the suspension due to the magnetic field and the ease of chain formation of the suspension, the angle α formed by the direction of the magnetic field and the connecting direction is preferably less than the angle γ. It is done. In addition, the angle β formed between the direction of fluid flow and the coupling direction is determined by considering the possibility that the first ferromagnetic body 216 or the second ferromagnetic body 218 can reduce the pressure due to the fluid flow with respect to the other party. It is considered that the angle γ or less is preferable. In addition, the plane 202 defined by the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 includes the respective axial centers. However, the plane 202 is included in the plane 202 in a side view. It can also be considered to exist in a planar space whose thickness is the height of the virtual surface 223 that extends vertically up and down (equivalent to the diameter of the ferromagnetic bodies 216 and 218). Here, a plane perpendicular to the closest point considered when the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 are coupled is set up, and projection images of the ferromagnets 216 and 218 along the coupling direction are displayed. An angle formed by a connecting line connecting the lowest point 317 and the highest point 319 in the side view with the connecting direction is δ. The fact that one direction 214 of the magnetic field exists in the plane 202 is considered that an angle formed by the one direction 214 of the magnetic field with respect to the connection direction in the side view can be equal to or less than the angle δ. Further, the fact that the flow direction 212 exists in the plane 202 is considered that the angle formed by the flow direction 212 with respect to the connecting direction in a side view can be equal to or less than the angle δ.

  4 to 6 are a schematic conceptual perspective view, a plan view, and a side view showing a three-dimensional examination in one direction of the magnetic field and the direction of fluid flow of the matrix portion as described above. Since the configuration of the matrix portion is the same as that described above, description thereof is omitted. One direction 214 of the magnetic field that is not necessarily in the plane 202 can be defined by an elevation angle e and an azimuth angle f with respect to the plane 202 and the connection direction. The fluid flow direction 212 that is not necessarily in the plane 202 can be defined by the elevation angle g and the azimuth angle h with respect to the plane 202 and the connection direction. Here, for the sake of illustration, an example is shown in which the fluid flow direction 212 is downward, but the same can be considered for an upward flow direction. In view of the effect, it is preferable that one direction 214 of the magnetic field has an angle a formed with the connection direction in plan view of 30 degrees or less. Further, the angle γ or less in FIG. 2 is preferable. Further, it is preferable that one direction 214 of the magnetic field has an angle c formed by the connection direction in a side view of 30 degrees or less. Further, the angle δ or less in FIG. 3 is preferable. On the other hand, the flow direction 212 is preferably such that the angle b formed with the connecting direction in plan view is 30 degrees or less. Further, the angle γ or less in FIG. 2 is preferable. Further, the angle d formed by the flow direction 212 and the connecting direction in a side view is preferably 30 degrees or less. Further, the angle δ or less in FIG. 3 is preferable.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the magnetic separation device 10 includes the magnetic field generator 23, the matrix 25 including the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 having substantially the same shape of the right circular cylinder, And the support member 22 that supports the matrix 25 with respect to the fluid, and the fluid 12a in which the flow path is defined in the tube wall 12b flows along the predetermined direction 12 at least in the vicinity of the matrix, and the magnetic field generator 23 Generates a magnetic field in one direction 14 with the fluid 12a.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the magnetic separation device 10 of this embodiment, a suspension (hereinafter referred to as “fluid”) flows along a flow direction 12, and a suspension 13 containing a magnetic material is suspended or dispersed in the fluid. is doing. Typically, the magnetic material may include magnetite. A magnetic field in one direction 14 substantially parallel to the fluid flow direction 12 is generated by a magnet (not shown). The first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 made of a ferromagnetic material are magnetized by this magnetic field, and become magnets 17 and 19 having an N pole and an S pole on the upstream side and the downstream side, respectively. 17a and 19a are generated. The first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 may have any shape, but in this drawing, they are depicted as having substantially the same sphere shape. . Each of the support members 20 and 22 is supported by a support member 20 and 22 against a fluid having a flow direction 12, and each support member 20 and 22 is fixed to a wall (for example, a tube wall) that defines a flow path through which the suspension flows. Is done. The first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 are arranged along the shortest connecting line segment (the length of the line segment corresponds to the interval L) having the connecting direction, and the fluid flow direction 12 is Along the connecting direction. A distance L between the first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 becomes a space 21 in which the suspension is deposited.

  9 and 10 illustrate, in plan and side views, one embodiment shown in FIG. These figures are similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3, except that the matrix portion includes a first ferromagnetic body 216 and a second ferromagnetic body 218 having substantially the same spherical shape. To do. These may be included in the plane 202. However, since two spheres corresponding to two points cannot define one plane, one plane 202 is adopted. The connection direction and the shortest connection line segment can be limited to one and are included in the plane 202. In the deposition region 221 composed of a space defined by the virtual surfaces 223 drawn by connecting the outer circumferences of the spheres and the opposite side surfaces (half surfaces of the spheres) of the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218, The suspension accumulates and can be bridged between the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 by a chain of suspensions. Here, one direction 214 of magnetic field (here, multiple possible directions are illustrated) and direction of fluid flow 212 (again, multiple possible directions are illustrated) are within plane 202. If so, it can be considered similar to the embodiment of FIGS. For example, the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 constituting the matrix portion, one direction 14 of the magnetic field, and the direction 12 of the fluid flow are arranged in one plane 202. Can be configured. At this time, one direction 14 of the magnetic field is not particularly limited as long as it exists in the plane 202, but a direction parallel to the coupling direction is preferable. The angle α formed by one direction 14 of the magnetic field and the connecting direction is preferably 30 degrees or less from the viewpoint of easy chain formation by the suspension. Also, the fluid flow direction 12 is not particularly limited as long as it is within the plane 202, but the pressure due to the fluid flow is reduced by the first ferromagnetic body 216 or the second ferromagnetic body 218 relative to the other party. A direction parallel to the connecting direction, which is considered easy, is preferable. Here, the projected images on the opposing planes at the closest points along the connecting direction of the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 are staggered when viewed in plan in a plan view. An angle formed by the connecting line connecting the end points 316 and 318 having the maximum width with the connecting direction is γ. Further, an angle formed by a connecting line connecting the lowest point 317 and the highest point 319 in the side view in the side view of the similar projection image with the connecting direction is δ (in this embodiment, γ = δ). It is also considered that the angle α formed by one direction 214 of the magnetic field and the connecting direction is preferably equal to or smaller than the angle γ. In addition, the angle β formed between the fluid flow direction 212 and the coupling direction is based on the possibility that the first ferromagnetic body 216 or the second ferromagnetic body 218 can reduce the pressure due to the fluid flow with respect to the other party. It is also considered that the angle γ or less is preferable. The plane 202 includes the centers of the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218. Being included in the plane 202 is considered to be within the range surrounded by the opposing surfaces of the virtual surface 223, the first ferromagnet 216, and the second ferromagnet 218. The fact that one direction 214 of the magnetic field exists in the plane 202 is considered that the angle α formed by the one direction 214 of the magnetic field with respect to the connection direction in the side view can be equal to or less than the angle δ. In addition, the fact that the flow direction 212 exists in the plane 202 can be considered that the angle β formed by the flow direction 212 with respect to the connecting direction in a side view can be equal to or less than the angle δ. Here, 0 ≦ α <90 and 0 ≦ β <90 are preferable.

  FIG. 11 shows a state in which a suspension containing a magnetic material adheres to the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 in the matrix portion of FIG. The suspension 13 is adsorbed by the magnetic force on the upstream side of the first ferromagnet 16 and is deposited as an adhering material 26. However, since the suspension 13 is on the upstream side of the flow in the direction 12, if a little is deposited, Is difficult to deposit. On the other hand, even if it is adsorbed on the downstream side of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and deposited as the deposit 28, the next suspension 13 is further adsorbed thereon and deposited as the deposit 30. The Further, the next suspension 13 is adsorbed and deposited as the deposit 32. In this way, the space 21 vacated in FIG. 8 becomes a narrower space 21 ′. Similarly, in the second ferromagnetic body 18, it is adsorbed on the upstream side and is deposited as an adhering substance 46, but since it is on the upstream side of the flow in the direction 12, it is difficult to deposit on the second ferromagnetic body 18 when it is slightly deposited. Is adsorbed on the downstream side of the second ferromagnet 18 and deposited as a deposit 48, and further, the next suspension 13 is adsorbed thereon and deposited as deposits 50 and 52 (on the lower side in the figure). The At this time, the deposition is performed in parallel to the fluid flow direction 12 on the downstream side of each ferromagnetic material, so that the drag force against the flow due to the deposition does not increase so much. That is, the flow resistance does not change much.

  FIG. 12 shows that in the matrix portion of FIG. 8, a suspension containing a magnetic material is attached to the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18, and the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second strong body 18. A state in which a suspension made of a suspended material is bridged between the magnetic bodies 18 is shown. The suspension 13 adsorbs one after another on the deposit 32 (lower side in the figure) to form deposits 34, 36, and 38. It is buried and in a bridged state. In such a state, the second ferromagnetic body 18 adheres to the deposits 34, 36, and the drag force in the fluid flow direction 12 (which increases as the viscosity of the suspension increases). 38 is supported, and can be held sufficiently. Further, since the space of the place 21 'is eliminated, it is considered that the negative pressure effect due to the wraparound of the fluid is also attenuated. Although the deposit 54 is deposited on the downstream side of the second ferromagnetic material, it is difficult to maintain the deposit 54 against the drag force in the direction 12 of the fluid flow.

  FIG. 13 schematically shows the magnetic characteristics of the bridged first ferromagnetic body 16 and second ferromagnetic body 18 in the matrix portion of FIG. Here, the first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 and the deposits 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 between them and the deposit 48 on the downstream side of the second ferromagnet, The whole 50, 52, and 54 function like one magnet 17, and generate the magnetic force line 17a. FIG. 14 is similar to the matrix portion of FIG. 13 except that a third ferromagnet 19 is provided on the downstream side of the second ferromagnet 18 substantially parallel to the direction of flow 12 and is a schematic representation in another embodiment. The figure is shown. Here, the second ferromagnet 18 and the third ferromagnet 19 and the deposits 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, and 58 therebetween and the deposit 64 on the downstream side of the third ferromagnet, 66 and 68 form one magnet 17 as a whole, including the one between the first and second ferromagnets, and similarly generate the magnetic field lines 17a. In this way, a large amount of the suspension can be held between the first to third ferromagnets. Furthermore, if there is a fourth ferromagnetic material, bridging by suspension can be expected. In the above embodiment, the first strong body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 are projected along the shortest connection line segment having the connection direction onto the plane perpendicular to the connection direction. The projected image of the magnetic body 16 substantially overlaps with the similar projected image of the second ferromagnetic body, and further overlaps with the similar projected image of the third ferromagnetic body. Since the projected areas are almost the same, it is expected that the flow path resistance will not change so much in a suspension having a low viscosity.

  FIG. 15 is similar to the embodiment in FIG. 8, but the first and second ferromagnets 16 and 18 are arranged along the shortest connecting line segment having the connecting direction 11, but the flow direction of the fluid. 12 is different in that it has an angle of θ (0 <θ <90 degrees) with respect to the connecting direction. Therefore, the overlapping description is omitted. The direction 14 of the magnetic field is along the connecting direction 11 or parallel to the connecting direction 11, and the angle formed may be very small or substantially 0 degrees. Thus, the direction 14 of the magnetic field is not parallel to the direction 12 of the fluid flow, and may form an angle θ. Even in such a state, the first ferromagnetic body 16 is on the upstream side of the second ferromagnetic body 18 and the component in the coupling direction 11 of the fluid flow is not zero. The effect of reducing the pressure due to the flow of fluid to the second ferromagnetic body 18 by the magnetic body 16 is expected. That is, the fluid flow direction 12 may not be parallel to the magnetic field direction 14 or the connection direction 11, and may not be perpendicular. Further, the projected images S1 and S2 of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 on the plane perpendicular to the connecting direction 11 overlap each other almost completely (A). On the other hand, the projected images of the two ferromagnets 16 and 18 onto a plane perpendicular to the direction of the fluid flow forming the angle θ partially overlap (B), and when the angle θ increases. , There are almost no overlapping parts (C). Therefore, when the angle θ is increased, it is considered that the effect of reducing the pressure due to the flow of the fluid to the downstream ferromagnetic body 18 by the upstream ferromagnetic body 16 decreases. Note that the sizes of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 do not need to be the same. For example, when the first ferromagnetic body 16 is larger, The case where the magnetic body 18 is larger may be sufficient. In the former case, the projected image of the first ferromagnet 16 along the coupling direction 11 is larger than that of the second ferromagnet 18 and has a relationship that completely includes it. Accordingly, it is expected that the effect of reducing the pressure due to the flow of fluid to the downstream ferromagnet 18 by the upstream ferromagnet 16 is larger than the same magnitude. On the other hand, the projected image of the first ferromagnet 16 obtained along one direction of the fluid flow forming the angle θ overlaps only a part of the second ferromagnet 18, and the effect of reducing the pressure is Expected to be lower. Thus, in consideration of the pressure reduction effect, the angle θ may be, for example, 15 degrees or less, 10 degrees or less, or 5 degrees or less. Here, with respect to the flow direction 12 and the magnetic field direction 14, it is expected that the same effect can be obtained in the opposite direction (direction rotated 180 degrees). The reversal of the flow direction 12 is merely placing either ferromagnet 16 or 18 upstream, and the reversal of one direction 14 of the magnetic field is simply reversing S and N. Because. In this embodiment, since one direction 14 of the magnetic field is parallel to the coupling direction 11, a plurality of planes including both directions can be obtained. Of these, a plane including the fluid flow direction 12 is also obtained. Can be found. In such a case, as described above, the connecting direction 11, the one direction 14 of the magnetic field, and the direction 12 of the fluid flow are in one plane. Can be satisfied. Also, fluid is retained, for example, in piping, because of the local complex structure or configuration, there is a macroscopic direction of fluid flow along the length of the tube. The direction and speed of can vary. For example, a case where a baffle plate, an orifice, and other necessary in-tube structures are provided is included. Therefore, in the vicinity of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 (for example, the outer edge of both and the portion in contact with the first ferromagnetic body 16 or the range where the fluid receives pressure from the outer edge, and the range or region (space) sandwiched by both. ) Includes the case where the fluid flow direction 12 exists.

  FIG. 16 is substantially the same as FIG. 15 except that the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 each have a right circular cylindrical shape. Therefore, the overlapping description is omitted. The length of the shortest connecting line segment having the connecting direction 11 that connects the first ferromagnetic material 16 and the second ferromagnetic material 18 corresponds to the distance L. In particular, when these are the same cylindrical shape, and each of them is arranged in parallel with the ends aligned, there are a plurality of shortest connecting line segments, all of which have the same length and are connected in parallel. Has a direction. Therefore, the connection direction can be defined by a common connection direction, and the interval L can also be defined by the length of the shortest connection line segment. In such a case, the projected images S1 and S2 of the first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 on the plane perpendicular to the coupling direction 11 overlap each other almost completely (A). However, when the first ferromagnet 16 and the second ferromagnet 18 are not parallel to each other, the situation is slightly different even if they are the same shape. That is, in order to obtain the shortest connection line segment, the closest point is searched for the surfaces of the shapes of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18. When there are a plurality of obtained shortest connecting line segments, the projected images S1 and S2 of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 are obtained along the connecting direction, and the areas of the overlapping portions are compared. Then, the direction having the largest area of the overlapping portion can be set as the shortest connecting line segment, and the direction can be set as the connecting direction. Further, when there are a plurality of candidates, the connection direction can be obtained by averaging the connection directions. The projection images of the ferromagnetic bodies 16 and 18 obtained in this way along the coupling direction 11 are partially overlapped, and the axes of the projection images intersect at an angle φ (B). Here, the fluid flow direction 12 is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the coupling direction, and based on this, the coupling direction component in the flow direction is calculated. Can be expected. In addition, there are cases where there are no overlapping portions in the projected images of both ferromagnets 16 and 18 obtained simply along the fluid flow direction 12 (C). Even in such a case, the connecting direction can be obtained by the method for obtaining the shortest connecting line segment described above. Since the obtained projection images along the connecting direction have overlapping portions, similarly, the fluid flow direction 12 is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the connecting direction, and based on this, the connecting in the flow direction is inclined. If the directional component is calculated and is greater than zero, the pressure reduction effect described above can be expected. The sizes of the first ferromagnetic body 16 and the second ferromagnetic body 18 do not have to be the same. For example, when the first ferromagnetic body 16 is larger, or the second strong body 16 The case where the magnetic body 18 is larger may be sufficient. In the latter case, the projected image of the second ferromagnet 18 along the coupling direction 11 is larger than that of the first ferromagnet 16 and has a relationship that completely includes it. Since there is an overlapping portion, an effect of reducing the pressure due to the flow of fluid to the downstream ferromagnetic body 18 by the upstream ferromagnetic body 16 is expected. Here, the coupling direction 11 and one direction 14 of the magnetic field are parallel, but the flow direction 12 is not parallel, and the plane defined by the two ferromagnets 16 and 18 is connected to the coupling direction 11 (and the magnetic field). The direction of flow 14) or the direction of flow 12 is not included, so the degree of freedom in these directions is not as great as described above. In this case, the connection direction component in one direction 14 of the magnetic field, the connection direction component in the direction 12 of the fluid flow, and the component orthogonal to them are calculated on the basis of the connection direction 11, and the respective ratios are calculated. When each is 30% or more, it can be considered that the effect of reducing the pressure or the magnetization effect of the suspension is effective.

FIG. 17 is similar to the embodiment in FIG. 15, but differs in that the direction 12 of fluid flow and one direction 14 of the magnetic field 14 are inclined by θ ₂ and θ ₄ , respectively, with respect to the coupling direction 11. To do. In such an embodiment, the plane containing both ferromagnets 16 and 18 rarely encompasses all of the coupling direction 11, the direction of fluid flow 12, and one direction 14 of the magnetic field. Therefore, in the plane including both ferromagnets 16 and 18, the coupling direction component of the fluid flow direction 12 and the magnetic field direction 14 that contribute to the coupling direction 11 and the component orthogonal thereto are calculated. When the ratio is 30% or more, it can be considered that the effect of reducing the pressure or the magnetization effect of the suspension is effective.

  FIG. 18 illustrates a case where the matrix includes a first matrix element and a second matrix element. Again, similar to FIGS. 15 and 16, one direction 14 of the magnetic field represented perpendicularly in the figure is parallel to the coupling directions 11-1 and 11-2 in each matrix element, The fluid flow direction 12 forms an angle θ (0 <θ <90 degrees). Further, the first matrix element is exactly the same as that shown in FIG. 16, and the second matrix element has a configuration in which it is repeated. Each of the first matrix element and the second matrix element is provided with an inlet on each upstream side (which is inclined by θ, but can be said to be upstream because it is smaller than 90 degrees), and each downstream side thereof. An exit is defined. The first ferromagnets 16 and 16a and the second ferromagnets 18 and 18a have the same shape, the same size, and the same orientation in the respective elements. And the second matrix element is twisted by a predetermined angle φa, and the second matrix element inlet is arranged at a predetermined distance LL from the outlet of the first matrix element. The Within each element, the flow direction 12 is inclined by θ with respect to the connecting directions 11-1 and 11-2. In the projected images along the coupling directions 11-1 and 11-2, the projection areas S1 and S2 and the projection areas S1a and S2a overlap ((A) and (B)). On the other hand, it can be seen that the first matrix element and the second matrix element are twisted (C).

  19 and 20 are a schematic conceptual perspective view and a side view showing a three-dimensional examination in the magnetic field and fluid flow direction of the matrix portion having the same structure as the matrix portion of FIGS. 8 to 10. The matrix portion includes a first ferromagnetic body 216 and a second ferromagnetic body 218 having substantially the same spherical shape. Further, the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 are included in the plane 202. It can be seen that one direction 214 of the magnetic field 214 or the direction of fluid flow 212 protrudes from the plane 202. Even if the plane 202 rotates around the connecting direction 11 connecting the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218, it is equivalent, but one direction 214 of the magnetic field 214 or the direction of fluid flow It can also be seen that the plane 202 cannot include 212. In such a case, a certain plane 202 is selected, and the azimuth angle f is set on the plane 202 with reference to the coupling direction 11 that couples the first ferromagnet 216 and the second ferromagnet 218 thereon. And the elevation angle e can be taken. Further, in a side view, the evaluation can be performed by an angle a formed by one direction 214 of the magnetic field with respect to the connection direction 11 and an angle b formed by the direction 212 of the fluid flow with respect to the connection direction 11. Then, how much the one direction 214 of the magnetic field 214 or the direction of fluid flow 212 contributes to the connection direction 11 is evaluated for each component in the connection direction 11 and the direction perpendicular thereto. Thereby, if the ratio of the component of a connection direction is 30% or more, it can also be considered that the effect of a magnetic field or the pressure reduction effect is expectable.

  FIGS. 21 to 23 are a perspective view, a plan view, and a front view illustrating a matrix portion of a magnetic separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Here, the first ferromagnet is in a flow direction 12 in which a cylindrical ferromagnet 116 that crosses substantially perpendicularly to the fluid flow direction 12 and its end face is fixed to the ferromagnet 116. On the other hand, it is composed of another cylindrical ferromagnet 117 that crosses substantially perpendicularly. This structure simulates a state in which the two wires 116 and 117 are fixed at a right angle, and if two such “<” shapes overlap, one component of a mesh having a square eye Can also be configured. Industrially, since end face joining is not highly productive, it is common for two lying cylindrical shapes to form a three-dimensional crossing up and down with respect to one direction 12 of the flow so as to knit. Here, the second ferromagnet is disposed at a distance L on the downstream side of the first ferromagnet, and the third ferromagnet is disposed at a distance L on the downstream side thereof. It can be seen that the first and second ferromagnets and the second and third ferromagnets are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, respectively. As in the case of the first ferromagnet, the second ferromagnet has a cylindrical ferromagnet 118 that crosses almost perpendicularly to one direction 12 of the flow and its end face is fixed to the ferromagnet 118. Further, it is composed of another cylindrical ferromagnet 119 that crosses almost perpendicularly to one direction 12 of the flow. As in the case of the first and second ferromagnets, the third ferromagnet is a cylindrical ferromagnet 120 that crosses substantially perpendicularly to one direction 12 of the flow, and its end face is the ferromagnet 120. And is composed of another cylindrical ferromagnet 121 that runs substantially perpendicular to the flow direction 12. These first to third ferromagnets are held against the flow of the suspension by the support members, which are respectively fixed to the walls 22a. As shown in FIG. 21, the one direction 12 of the flow is downward, but the magnetic field lines 14 are upward (that is, the downstream side is the N pole side). Thus, the direction of the lines of magnetic force does not matter as long as the direction is the same. Along the one direction 12 of the flow and along the direction of the lines of magnetic force 14, they are installed at a distance L from each other, but at a predetermined interval. FIG. 24A shows a bridge made of a suspension between the first and second ferromagnets in the embodiment of FIGS. 21 to 23, and the suspension was also attached to the third ferromagnet. Indicates the state. The projected images along the one direction 12 of these first to third ferromagnets are substantially the same, and the projected areas are also substantially equal. Therefore, although drag resistance or flow path resistance does not change much, a large amount of suspension can be retained.

  FIG. 24B is a conceptual diagram illustrating the concept of the deposition region when a plurality of wires made of a ferromagnetic material are combined. In the drawing, a plurality of right cylindrical wire 16 made of a ferromagnetic material are arranged in a fluid containing a suspension with the same length and aligned end faces. These wires 16 hold their positions against a fluid flow by a support (not shown). Here, the magnetic field is applied to the fluid by an external magnetic field generator in one direction 14 of the magnetic field by a downward arrow in the figure. At this time, if one direction 14 of the magnetic field is followed, it is considered that the suspended matter is deposited in the deposition region 221a indicated by the broken line. However, if there is a fluid flow, as indicated by the arrow pointing to the upper right in the figure, the suspension may be pushed by this flow and deposit in the dotted deposition region 221b. As described above, the deposition region 221 may change depending on the direction and intensity of the magnetic field and flow, and further, the arrangement of the wire. As shown in this figure, it is possible to cope with various changes in the magnetic field and flow. It can also be a matrix that retains the possibility of multiple.

As described above, the magnetic separation device can separate the particles from a fluid in which particles mainly composed of magnetite, which is one of magnetic materials, are suspended. In particular, these particles can be captured and recovered from water at a high temperature and high pressure where the viscosity of the liquid is lowered while maintaining the capture performance for a long period of time. For example, at 20 ° C., the density of water is 998.2 kg / m ³ , the viscosity is 1002 × 10 ⁻⁶ Pa · s, and the kinematic viscosity coefficient is 1.004 × 10 ⁻⁶ m ² / s. However, at 200 ° C., they are 864.7 kg / m ³ , 136.51 × 10 ⁻⁶ Pa · s, and 0.1579 × 10 ⁻⁶ m ² / s, respectively. Assuming that the ferromagnetic material is a right circular cylinder having a diameter of 1 mm, when the Reynolds number (Re = UD / ν) is obtained for this, the flow velocity in a pipe of tap water or the like is generally about 1 m / s, so 1 m / s s × 1 × 10 ⁻³ m / 1.004 × 10 ⁻⁶ m ² / s = 996 (20 ° C.) and 1 m / s × 1 × 10 ⁻³ m / 0.1579 × 10 ⁻⁶ m ² / s = 6333 (200 ° C.). Therefore, it is considered that the vortex street is a region in which an unsteady and non-periodic wake is formed due to turbulence. On the other hand, when a fluid (mainly water) flows in the pipe, the inner diameter of the pipe is considered to be about 100 mm, so 1 m / s × 100 × 10 ⁻³ m / 1.004 × 10 ⁻⁶ m ² / s = 9.96 × 10 ⁴ (20 ° C.) and 1 m / s × 100 × 10 ⁻³ m / 0.1579 × 10 ⁻⁶ m ² /s=6.333×10 ⁵ (200 ° C.). Therefore, the flow in the pipe is also considered as turbulent flow.

  Next, experimental examples will be described. The fluid to be handled is mainly water or a water-based liquid, and when it reaches a high temperature, it becomes a fluid rather than a liquid. Since the viscosity becomes extremely small as described above, the magnetic separator as in the embodiment of the present invention exhibits an excellent function under such high temperature conditions. A magnetic separator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a refrigerator-cooled superconducting magnet that generates an external magnetic field and a matrix composed of a ferromagnetic material that is magnetized by the magnetic field generated by the magnet. The matrix has a structure that can be used for a long time while maintaining a high capture rate by changing the arrangement using a wire mesh knitted with a ferromagnetic wire. In addition, since experiments using high-temperature and high-pressure water are difficult, experiments at 1 atm were mainly performed at room temperature, and the performance at high temperatures and high pressures was evaluated by extrapolating to high temperatures using simulation.

(Experiment at room temperature)
Experiments with different matrix configurations were performed to investigate changes in capture rate. A suspension of magnetite particles having a particle size of 3.5 μm suspended in water was flowed to compare the capture of the matrix with a changed structure. FIG. 25 summarizes the results of the representative samples. The change in pressure loss in the experiment is shown in FIG. The horizontal axis is the amount of magnetite particles introduced from the start of the experiment. The definition of capture rate is as follows.
Capture rate = 1-(outflow concentration / inflow concentration) (Equation 1)

  The solution before and after passing through the filter was collected at regular time intervals, and the capture rate was determined from the concentration using the above equation. The input amount is a value obtained by integrating the inflow concentration with time.

The details are as follows.
Sample 1 ●: Wire diameter 0.34 mm, left-right spacing 0.9 mm, front-rear spacing 5 mm
Sample 2 ▲: Wire diameter 0.5 mm, left-right distance 1.3 mm, front-rear distance 2 mm
Sample 3 ■: Wire diameter 1.0 mm, left-right distance 3.2 mm, front-rear distance 2 mm
Sample 4 ×: Filling wire diameter 0.34 mm by conventional method

  Sample 4 is a sample simulating the structure of an existing magnetic separation matrix. Samples 1, 2 and 3 have a new structure with different conditions, and the left and right intervals are average values.

  The conventional matrix sample 4 and the new structure sample 1 show very similar performance. This seems to be because the side-by-side distance between the wires was narrow, and the effect of arranging them could not be obtained. Samples 2 and 3 maintain the capture performance for a long time and there is little increase in pressure loss. In particular, Sample 3 showed little increase in pressure loss. The total amount of capture measured at the end of the experiment is 2 and 3 is larger than 1 and 4. From these things, it can be seen that Samples 2 and 3 have a structure in which the increase in pressure loss is small and the capture performance is maintained for a long time.

The breakthrough curve of FIG. 28 can be approximated by an exponential function as follows.
y = A · exp (−x / L) (Formula 2)

  Here, A is the initial capture rate, and L is the lifetime. In the case of FIG. 28, x is an input amount. AL corresponds to the total amount captured. The longer the total captured amount, the longer the life. In the case of magnetic separation, since the initial capture rate and the total capture amount can be adjusted by the length of the matrix, the performance can be adjusted within the range of the size of the magnet.

(simulation)
Based on the above experimental data at room temperature, the physical properties of water at 200 ° C. were used to evaluate the performance at high temperature using the magnetic separation simulation software.

  The change in the capture rate at high temperature was simulated with the structure of Sample 3 in which an increase in pressure loss was hardly observed. However, it is assumed that five samples 3 are arranged in series. Under the installation conditions of this apparatus assumed here, magnetite particles of 10 ppb are flowing. For example, the inflow of magnetite for 30 days is about 43 g. The capture rate at that time was about 0.93, and the average capture rate for 30 days was 0.99. Therefore, it was found that sufficient performance was exhibited even at high temperatures.

  FIG. 29 is a schematic conceptual diagram showing a magnetic separation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. As described so far, the suspension containing the magnetic material and the suspension containing the suspension medium for suspending it flow in the tube in one direction from the left to the right in the figure. A magnet coil covers the tube to generate a magnetic field. In the magnetic field, a wire mesh, which is a ferromagnetic material made of a ferromagnetic material, is laminated with eyes aligned as shown in the enlarged view below. Therefore, the projected images along the flow in one direction of the suspension are almost overlapped from the upstream side to the downstream side, and this magnetic separation device is operated to deposit the suspended matter in the matrix made of the laminated metal mesh. However, the channel resistance does not change much. However, since a suspension can be held between the upstream ferromagnet and the downstream ferromagnet which are the constituent elements of each matrix, a large amount can be separated.

  FIG. 30 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a procedure for operating a magnetic separation device according to another embodiment of the present invention. To operate the magnetic separation device of the embodiment, the valve 1 is opened, the valve 2 is opened, the valve 3 is closed, and the valve 4 is closed, so that the suspension flowing through the pipe is passed through the magnetic separation device of the embodiment. Like that. At the same time, the magnet is actuated to generate a magnetic field, thereby causing magnetization of the internal matrix. Thereby, a large amount of suspension can be retained in the matrix. Next, the suspension in the matrix is washed and discharged out of the system. To do so, close the valve 1, close the valve 2, open the valve 4, disconnect the magnetic separation device from the circulating device in operation, and then open the valve 3 to separate the magnetic separation device. The accumulated suspension is poured out together with the suspension accumulated in the apparatus. At the same time, a medium such as washing water (not shown) can be washed from the valve 1 from the side of the magnetic separation device. When cleaning is completed, the valve 3 is closed, the valves 1 and 2 are opened, and the valve 4 is closed, so that magnetic separation can be performed again.

  FIG. 31 shows a photograph showing a matrix portion of a magnetic separation apparatus (Experiment A and Experiment B), which are two additional examples, and a description thereof. The matrix part of Experiment A is mainly composed of 12 sheets of plain woven wire mesh (mesh) in which the vertical lines and the horizontal lines cross each other in a cross shape continuously with respect to the magnesten wire (φ1 mm). Each mesh opening is 3.23 mm. This plain weave wire mesh is laminated in a cylinder made of SUS304 having an inner diameter of φ50 (inner diameter: 5 cm) with an interval of 2 mm, and the front and rear of the cylinder are fixed with cross bars. Accordingly, the cylinder and the front and rear cross bars correspond to the support member. The matrix portion thus configured was inserted into a pipe, and a magnetic field was applied by a magnet to obtain a magnetic separation device (Experiment A). In Experiment B, the matrix part made in Experiment A is set as one set, and a set of five sets arranged in series is similarly inserted into a pipe, and a magnetic field is applied by a magnet, and a magnetic separation device (Experiment B) and did.

  FIG. 32 is a graph showing the magnetic field strength in the magnetic separation apparatus of Experiment B. The vertical axis represents the magnetic field strength, and the horizontal axis represents the distance from the central axis. As can be seen from this graph, the magnetic field strength was strongest in the vicinity of the central axis and was 2T or more. On the other hand, since there is a magnetic field of 1T or more even at a distance of 125 mm, it can be seen that the entire matrix portion has a strong magnetic field of 1T or more because the length of the cylinder constituting the current matrix portion is 25 cm. FIG. 33 is a graph showing the total capture amount at the end of the experiment in Experiment A and Experiment B. In Experiment A, there is only one set, and in Experiment B, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 sets are arranged from the upstream side. As can be seen from this graph, even when 5 sets are arranged in series, the first set captured approximately the same amount as the case of only 1 set. Further, as can be seen from the result of Experiment B, the amount of trapping was almost the same up to the first and second sets, and the amount of trapping was reduced as compared with the third, fourth, and fifth sets. In the 1st and 2nd sets, this was captured almost to the storage limit, and the rest were captured sequentially in the 3rd and 4th. That is, the amount captured in Experiment A was captured almost to the storage limit, and it is expected that the captured amount will not increase even if the experiment is continued further. On the other hand, in Experiment B, when the first and second were captured to the storage limit, the third and fourth could be sequentially captured, and it was found that an excellent function of series arrangement was exhibited. Furthermore, since it is decreasing sequentially with 3rd, 4th, and 5th, it is anticipated that the capture amount will change according to the density | concentration of a to-be-captured object (suspension). FIG. 34 is a diagram showing breakthrough curves (experimental values), two types of predicted values, and pressures by the magnetic separation device of Experiment B. FIG. It can be seen that the pressure is almost constant regardless of the amount of the suspended material, and so-called clogging does not occur due to the accumulation of the suspended material. In addition, it was found that the capture rate gradually decreased from the point where the input amount exceeded 30 g. In other words, almost 100% of the input amount up to 30 g can be captured, and it can be seen how excellent this magnetic separation apparatus is. Further, since it gradually decreases thereafter, for example, when the capture rate is reduced to 80%, the maintenance of the magnetic separation device can be easily performed by replacing the matrix portion or the like.

  So far, the magnetic separation device has been described in detail, but the application of such a magnetic separation device will be described. FIG. 35 shows a thermal power generation system including a boiler 350 in a thermal power plant, a pipe 352 for extracting steam from the boiler 350, a turbine 354 that operates using the extracted steam, and a water supply pipe 356 for supplying water as a raw material of the steam. Illustrates the part. A water supply pipe 356 of a water supply system that supplies water as a raw material of steam is provided with a magnetic separation device 312 that is one of the present embodiments. In such a water supply pipe 356, high-temperature and high-pressure water condensed from steam flows, but under such conditions, a normal filter is destroyed or the life is extremely shortened. . However, in the magnetic separation device 312 which is one of the present embodiments, only the ferromagnetic material (for example, metal such as iron) that is durable at high temperature and high pressure is exposed, so that the suspension can be easily separated. Can be. FIG. 36 includes a reactor containment vessel 300 of a pressurized water nuclear power plant, a pipe 302 for extracting steam therefrom, a turbine 304 that operates using the extracted steam, and a water supply pipe 306 for supplying water as a raw material of the steam. Illustrates part of a pressurized water nuclear power plant. A water supply pipe 306 of a water supply system that supplies water as a raw material of steam is provided with a magnetic separation device 312 that is one of the present embodiments. In such a water supply pipe 306, high-temperature and high-pressure water condensed from steam flows, but as described above, the magnetic separation device which is one of the present embodiments has sufficient functions. Can demonstrate.

Moreover, the following may be included.
(1) A magnetic separation device including a magnetic field generation device, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, the magnetic field generation device separating the suspended matter in the fluid. The matrix has a diameter arranged between a first wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm and a distance of 5 mm or less along the one direction. A second wire portion of 0.3 mm to 2 mm, and each of the first wire portion and the second wire portion includes a ferromagnetic body, and the first wire portion defines an extending direction thereof. Having a length as long as possible and arranged substantially perpendicular to the one direction, the second wire portion having a length sufficient to define its extending direction and being substantially in the direction of the one Drooping The first wire portion and the second wire portion are substantially parallel to each other, and the shortest connecting line segments having the connecting direction of the first wire portion and the second wire portion are respectively connected to each other. A magnetic separator that is perpendicular to the axial direction.
(2) The magnetic separation device according to (1), wherein in the matrix, the first wire portion and the second wire portion each constitute a flat wire net.
(3) The fluid (1) or (2), wherein the fluid includes a velocity component flowing in a direction substantially parallel to the one direction at least in the vicinity of the first wire portion and the second wire portion. A magnetic separation apparatus according to 1.
(4) The magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein a length capable of defining the stretching direction is at least twice the diameter.
(5) The magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the support member is supported by at least a part of a wall that defines the flow of the fluid.
(6) The matrix includes a first matrix element including the first wire portion and the second wire portion, and a second matrix element, and the second matrix element has a diameter of 0. An A1 wire portion having a diameter of 3 mm to 2 mm, and an A2 wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm disposed at a distance of 5 mm or less along the one direction. The wire portion and the A2 wire portion each include a ferromagnetic material, and the A1 wire portion and the A2 wire portion each have a length that can define an extending direction thereof, and are substantially mutually. Parallel and arranged substantially perpendicular to the one direction, the first matrix element and the second matrix element are arranged such that the fluid is the first matrix. An outlet for exiting the element and an inlet for receiving fluid flowing from the outlet, respectively, wherein the outlet of the first matrix element and the inlet of the second matrix element are separated by at least 5 mm; The magnetic separation device according to any one of 1) to (5).
(7) In a magnetic separation apparatus including a magnetic field generation apparatus, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, the magnetic field generation apparatus separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in a fluid. The apparatus includes a magnet, the matrix includes at least two meshes knitted with a wire including a ferromagnetic material, and the at least one wire constituting the at least two meshes has a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm. The at least one mesh opening of the at least two meshes is 2 to 4 times the diameter of the at least one wire, the at least two meshes having a surface of each mesh substantially in the direction of the fluid flow. The at least two meshes are separated from each other by a distance of 1 mm to 5 mm along the direction of fluid flow. One mesh without the, respectively, are arranged so as common, the support member constitutes at least a part of the wall defining the flow of said fluid, a magnetic separation device.
(8) In a magnetic separation device including a magnetic field generation device, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, the magnetic field generation device separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in a fluid. The apparatus includes a magnet, the matrix includes at least one mesh knitted with a wire including a ferromagnetic material, and the at least one wire constituting the at least two meshes has a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm. The at least one mesh opening of the at least two meshes is 2 to 4 times the diameter of the at least one wire, and the support member forms at least part of a wall defining the fluid flow; Magnetic separation device.
(9) The magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the circulating water is water at 150 ° C. or higher and 15 atm or higher.
(10) A boiler water supply system for a thermal power plant comprising the magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (8) above.
(11) A secondary water supply system for a pressurized water nuclear power plant including the magnetic separation device according to any one of (1) to (8).

  By utilizing the present invention, the energy conversion efficiency of the power plant can be maintained, so that the fuel consumption can be reduced. Moreover, in the present thermal power plant, the power plant is stopped once every several years, and the scale of the piping is removed by chemical cleaning. Expenses of tens of millions of yen are incurred for several months. If the scale can be reduced, the cleaning interval becomes longer, so the economic effect is great.

1, 2, 3, 4 Valve 10 Magnetic separation device 11, 11-1, 11-2 Connection direction 12, 212 Fluid flow direction 12b Tube wall 13 Suspension 14, 214 One direction of magnetic field 16, 216 Ferromagnetic material 17, 19 Magnet 17 a, 19 a Magnetic field lines 18, 218 Second ferromagnetic material 20, 22 Support member 23 Magnetic field generator 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 46, 48, 50 , 52, 54 Deposits 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121 Ferromagnetic material 221, 221a, 221b Deposition region

Claims (21)

A magnetic separation device comprising a magnetic field generator, a matrix, and a support member that supports the matrix with respect to the fluid, for separating suspended particles containing magnetic material in the fluid.
The magnetic field generator can generate a magnetic field in one direction in the fluid,
The matrix includes a first ferromagnet and a second ferromagnet made of a ferromagnetic material arranged at a predetermined interval,
The first suspension particles attached to the first ferromagnet or the second ferromagnet become magnetized by the magnetic field, whereby the first suspension particles become a second suspension. The particles are adhered, and further, the third suspension particles are adhered to the second suspension particles by being magnetized by the magnetic field, and the same relationship is applied to the suspension particles after the fourth. As a result, a bridge is formed by a plurality of suspended particles from the first ferromagnet or the second ferromagnet to the second ferromagnet or the first ferromagnet. A direction of the magnetic field and a direction with respect to the direction of flow of the fluid and the spacing are selected and the first and second ferromagnets are arranged , Magnetic separation device. The first ferromagnetic body includes a first wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm, and has a length that can define an extending direction thereof.
The second ferromagnetic body includes a second wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm, and has a length that can define an extending direction thereof.
The first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet are substantially parallel to each other;
The length of the shortest connecting line segment of the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet is 5 mm or less,
When the plane defined by the first wire portion and the second wire portion is separated into an azimuth angle component and an elevation angle component with respect to one direction of the magnetic field and the direction of flow of the fluid, respectively. , Each elevation angle component is 30 degrees or less, and the azimuth angle component in one direction of the magnetic field is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment, the first wire portion and the second wire portion The magnetic separation device according to claim 1, wherein the wire portion is arranged and configured.   One direction of the magnetic field and the fluid such that a plane defined by the first wire portion and the second wire portion substantially includes one direction of the magnetic field and the direction of fluid flow. The magnetic separation device according to claim 2, wherein an elevation angle component in each of the flow directions is 30 degrees or less.   4. The magnetic separation device according to claim 2, wherein in the matrix, each of the first wire portion and the second wire portion constitutes a flat wire net. 5.   5. The first wire portion and the second wire portion are arranged and configured so that an azimuth angle component of the fluid flow is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment. The magnetic separator according to any one of the above.   The first wire portion and the second wire portion are arranged and configured so that an azimuth angle component in one direction of the magnetic field is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment. To 5. The magnetic separation device according to any one of 5 to 5.   6. The first wire portion and the second wire portion are arranged and configured so that an azimuth angle component of the fluid flow is 30 degrees or less with respect to the shortest connecting line segment. Magnetic separation device.   In a plane defined by the first wire portion and the second wire portion, the shortest connecting line segment is substantially perpendicular to the first wire portion and the second wire portion; The magnetic separation apparatus according to claim 2. The matrix is
A first matrix element comprising the first wire portion and the second wire portion;
A second matrix element,
The second matrix element is
An A1 wire portion and an A2 wire portion having a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm,
The A1 wire portion and the A2 wire portion are arranged and configured to have the same relationship as the first wire portion and the second wire portion of the first matrix element;
The A1 wire portion and the A2 wire portion each include a ferromagnetic material,
The first matrix element and the second matrix element each include an outlet through which the fluid flows out of the first matrix element and an inlet through which the fluid flowing from the outlet enters, the first matrix element 9. A magnetic separation device according to any of claims 2 to 8, wherein the outlet of the second matrix element and the inlet of the second matrix element are separated by at least 5 mm. A magnetic separation device comprising a magnetic field generating device, a matrix, and a support member for supporting the matrix with respect to the fluid, for separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in a fluid.
The magnetic field generator can generate a magnetic field in one direction in the fluid,
The matrix includes at least two nets knitted with a wire including a ferromagnetic material;
The at least one wire constituting the at least two nets has a diameter of 0.3 mm to 2 mm;
At least one opening of the at least two meshes is 2 to 4 times the diameter of the at least one wire;
The at least two meshes are arranged such that the face of each mesh is substantially perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow;
The at least two meshes are arranged such that each of the at least one mesh of the at least two meshes is in common with a distance of 1 to 5 mm along the fluid flow direction;
The magnetic separation device, wherein the support member constitutes at least part of a wall that defines the flow of the fluid. A magnetic separation device comprising a magnetic field generating device, a matrix, and a support member for supporting the matrix with respect to the fluid, for separating a suspension containing a magnetic material in a fluid.
The magnetic field generator can generate a magnetic field in one direction in the fluid,
The matrix includes a first ferromagnet and a second ferromagnet made of a ferromagnetic material, and the shortest connection line segment of the first ferromagnet and the second ferromagnet has a coupling direction. The connection direction is 30 degrees or less with respect to the one direction;
The fluid flow direction is 30 degrees or less with respect to the coupling direction, and the first ferromagnetic body is upstream of the second ferromagnetic body in the fluid flow;
The magnetic separation device, wherein projected images of the first ferromagnetic material and the second ferromagnetic material along the coupling direction include overlapping portions.   The magnetic separation device according to claim 11, wherein a length of the shortest connection line segment is 64 times or less an area of the projected image of the first ferromagnetic body.   The magnetic separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid includes water at 150 ° C. or more and 15 atm or more.   A boiler water supply system of a thermal power plant comprising the magnetic separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.   The secondary water supply system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant provided with the magnetic separation apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 13. A method for separating a suspension containing magnetic material in a fluid comprising:
A flow path through which the fluid flows, a magnetism generator for generating lines of magnetic force in one direction in the flow path, a first ferromagnetic body made of a ferromagnetic material arranged along the one direction, and a first And a support for holding the first and second ferromagnets in the flow path against the flow of the fluid and against the magnetic force. Including a magnetic separation device including the first ferromagnetic body on the upstream side of the second ferromagnetic body in the flow path through which the fluid flows,
The magnetic generator generates a magnetic field in the one direction in the flow path,
Attaching a suspension to the downstream side of the first ferromagnetic material, further attaching a suspension to the downstream side of the attached suspension,
The step of further attaching the suspension to the attached suspension is repeated to reach the upstream side of the second ferromagnetic material, and the suspension is interposed between the first and second ferromagnetic materials. The suspension is separated from the suspension by bridging with a deposit consisting of   The method of claim 16, wherein the fluid comprises water at 150 ° C. or higher and 15 atmospheres or higher.   The method according to claim 17, wherein the magnetism generator is disposed so as to be thermally insulated from the flow path.   19. A method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the support is supported by a wall defining the flow path.   The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the flow path, the magnetism generator, the matrix, and the support are provided in at least a part of piping of a boiler water supply system of a thermal power plant. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the flow path, the magnetism generator, the matrix, and the support are provided in at least a part of piping of a secondary water supply system of a pressurized water nuclear power plant.