JP2019141831A - Particle layer type collector - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a particle layer type collector which can realize energy conservation or a rational cost of manufacture by producing no waste such as a used filter, hardly decrease a capture efficiency, and hardly dispense with a maintenance for regenerating a decrease in treatment air volume except for a periodic maintenance.SOLUTION: A particle layer with a thin layer thickness constituted of filling particles is wetted constantly with a liquid to make an air stream containing contaminated particles pass through the wetted particle layer at a high speed, thereby making the contaminated particles collide with the particle layer to be trapped.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for collecting pollutant particles such as mist contained in an air flow using a granular or irregularly shaped packing, and in particular, a particle layer suitable for collecting oil mist generated during processing of a machine tool. For the expression collector.

  In a factory where machine tools are operating, when cutting a metal or other work material (work), in order to prevent seizure of the cutting tool and improve the processing accuracy, the cutting tool and the workpiece rotating at high speed A large amount of coolant and an extremely small amount of oil are supplied as a lubricant coolant to the contact points, that is, the processing location. These lubricant coolants become oil mist and float in the air due to miniaturization due to shearing, evaporation due to processing heat generated at a processing location, and the like, which causes the working environment to deteriorate. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the oil mist from diffusing into the factory by installing a collector for collecting the oil mist on the machine tool.

Conventionally, various types of filter-type, electrostatic-type, and inertia-type devices have been developed as collectors for collecting oil mist. Most commonly, a filter type filter that performs filtration with a nonwoven fabric is widely used. However, since the non-woven fabric is clogged, the amount of air that can be processed decreases with time. For this reason, maintenance and replacement of the nonwoven fabric are necessary, which is uneconomical in terms of labor and cost, and the used nonwoven fabric must be disposed of as waste.

  Electrostatic types include electrostatic precipitators, which are used in factories where a large amount of oil mist with a very small particle size is generated, but may require specialized maintenance. In that case, the operation is stopped for a relatively long time until the maintenance by the specialist is completed. Further, even if maintenance is performed, there is a possibility that leakage current or spark may occur due to environmental changes. Furthermore, the price is relatively high compared to the filter type and inertia type.

  Therefore, with the aim of realizing reduction of waste, labor required for filter replacement, and reduction of running costs, a disk-shaped collection disk plate that rotates at high speed instead of a filter can be used to remove dust, oil mist, etc. from the airflow. Various inertia type filterless collectors for separating contaminant particles have been developed. For example, the filterless collector of Patent Document 1 collides an air stream containing contaminating particles with a collecting disk rotating at high speed, and the collected contaminating particles are separated from the collecting disk plate by centrifugal force generated at high speed rotation. Since it is swung to the outer periphery, it has an excellent merit of high collection efficiency.

  However, in this collection disk, the part that collects the contaminant particles is composed of a fine mesh, and is basically used in a dry type, so that the contaminant particles accumulate on the collection part over time, etc. Thus, the problem of a reduction in the processing air volume, in which contaminating particles are easily clogged, has not been completely solved. In addition, a fine mesh clogged with contaminating particles is difficult to clean, and the collection disk rotates at a high speed, so it is firmly fixed to the device, so it is necessary to use tools to remove it from the device. .

  Therefore, in the case where the granular filter medium is filled, the granular filter medium can freely rotate and play freely with each other, so that the granular filter medium can freely rotate and move. There have also been developed particle layer filters having an effect that dust is easily separated (not easily deposited), and these have an advantage that a filtration function can be maintained for a relatively long time (for example, Patent Documents 2 to 3).

  In Patent Documents 2 and 3, if the entire case containing the granular filter medium is put on the cleaning liquid and the case is shaken, the granular filter medium floats and the cleaning liquid spreads evenly on the surface, and the particle layer filter can be easily cleaned.

  However, in Patent Documents 2 to 3, although the filter medium flows and the detergency is excellent, the granular filter medium is used in a dry manner. Therefore, for example, when water-soluble coolant used as a cooling lubricant when cutting a workpiece such as metal scatters as oil mist in the air due to processing heat, etc., and collects this oil mist, As the water evaporates, the water-soluble coolant gels and adheres between the particles of the filter medium, so clogging is likely to occur at an early stage. In the case of oil mist using an oil-based coolant, the oil mist tends to have a fine particle size and has poor adhesion, so that it is hardly collected and the collection efficiency is very low.

Therefore, there are collectors that do not require cleaning of the filter medium by wetting the filter medium with a liquid such as water or detergent, collecting contaminating particles, and washing the filter medium (for example, Patent Documents 4 to 5). Patent Document 4 collects the contaminated particles on which the liquid has been adsorbed by the collision / inertia filter by adsorbing the liquid to the contaminated particles of the dust-containing air upstream of the collision / inertia filter. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 of Patent Document 4, the liquid is allowed to flow along the front surface of the collision / inertia filter, thereby providing a filter cleaning function.

  Moreover, in patent document 5, the water supply apparatus for moistening this granular filter medium was provided in the upstream of the granular filter medium provided in the air flow path, and it humidified simultaneously with air purification, and was further collected by the filter medium. Contaminant particles are always washed away so as not to cause clogging.

  However, in Patent Document 4, it is necessary to bring the dust-containing air and the liquid into contact before the collision / inertia filter, and a relatively large amount of liquid must be supplied in order to make the contact evenly. Moreover, when the spray range is uneven, sufficient collection efficiency cannot be obtained. Further, if the liquid is allowed to flow down to the front surface of the collision / inertia filter, a sufficient filter cleaning effect cannot be obtained.

  Further, in Patent Document 5, since the collection efficiency decreases unless the liquid is uniformly supplied to the entire packed bed filled with the particulate filter medium, the supply amount of the liquid inevitably increases. In addition, a large discharge device is required for collecting the drain, the device becomes complicated and huge, and the manufacturing cost increases.

  In addition, when the particle size of the filter medium is very fine as in Patent Document 6, the ultrafine contaminant particles can be collected, but the casing that accommodates the filter medium has its permeability and the outflow of particles. In order to prevent this, the opening of the mesh-like (or porous) member must be extremely small, which is likely to cause clogging. For this reason, pressure loss is likely to increase, and a large capacity of power is required, resulting in an increase in running cost and difficulty in realizing energy saving.

JP 2013-22495 A JP-A-7-332724 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-25719 JP-A-6-335610 JP-A-4-367705 JP 2005-46676 A

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention does not generate waste such as used nonwoven fabric, can realize energy saving, has almost no decrease in the processing air volume, and is used for recovery of the processing air volume except for regular maintenance. It is an object to provide a particle layer type collector that requires almost no maintenance.

  The particle layer type collector according to the present invention includes a housing, a suction port for introducing an air flow containing contaminating particles inside the housing, and a plurality of particles in a particle layer folder housed inside the housing and having ventilation surfaces on the upstream side and the downstream side. One or more particle layer units filled with a granular or irregularly shaped packed particle, and one or more liquid supply means arranged upstream of the particle layer unit to supply a liquid for wetting the packed particles And an exhaust port for discharging the airflow that has passed through the particle layer unit and has been cleaned by collecting contaminated particles to the outside of the housing, and the packed particles are from two layers to ten layers or less The average surface speed of the airflow passing through the upstream air-permeable surface of the particle layer unit is 1 m / s or more.

  Moreover, the particle layer type collector according to the present invention is characterized in that the filler particles constituting the particle layer described above have at least one kind of particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm.

  According to the particle layer type collector of the present invention, since packed particles are used for the contaminated particle collecting member, it is not necessary to replace a filter medium such as a non-woven fabric, there is no need for disposal of waste, and labor for replacement work is also required. It can be omitted. Further, since the packed particles are wetted and a high-speed air stream is passed, the contaminated particles collide with and contact the surface of the packed particles and the liquid between the packed particles, and high collection efficiency can be obtained. Furthermore, although the apparatus is small, the processing air volume can be increased. In the wet particle layer, the liquid is pushed downstream by a high-speed air flow, and is always washed away. Therefore, the processing air volume is not reduced and maintenance for recovering the processing air volume is almost unnecessary. Further, since the number of particle layers is small, the pressure loss can be reduced as much as possible, and energy saving can be realized. The device configuration itself is simple and the number of parts can be reduced.

  The particle size of the packed particles of the particle layer type collector of the present invention can achieve high collection efficiency in a balanced manner while preventing clogging, and handling of the packed particles is not difficult.

It is a figure which shows the collection principle of the particle layer type collector of this invention. It is (a) sectional view and (b) sectional perspective view showing the particle layer type collector of the present invention. It is (a) perspective cut model figure of particle layer unit, (b) sectional view, (c) image figure of particle layer. It is (a) sectional drawing which shows another embodiment of the particle layer type collector of the present invention, (b) a sectional perspective view, and (c) an exploded view of a separation unit. It is (a) sectional view and (b) sectional perspective view showing other embodiments of the particle layer type collector of the present invention. 6 illustrates yet another embodiment of the particle bed collector of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the collection principle of the particle layer type collector of the present invention. Liquid is supplied (sprayed) from the upstream side of the particle layer composed of spherical filled particles such as glass beads, and the surface of the filled particles is evenly wetted. In the gap between the filled particles, the supplied liquid spreads while leaving a path for the airflow. By supplying the liquid, the gap between the filled particles is narrowed. The air stream containing the oil mist passes there at a high speed, and the oil mist advances downstream while colliding with the surface of the packed particles and the liquid between the packed particles. When the oil mist comes into contact with the liquid, it becomes a state of being integrated or mixed with the liquid by the action of intermolecular force or surface tension, and the liquid mixed with the oil mist is agglomerated in the process of passing the air flow between the packed particles, Large droplets containing oil mist are pushed downstream.

The air stream containing the oil mist to be collected enters the particle layer at a high surface speed of 1 m / s or more. By wetting the filler particles, the air flow path between the filler particles is narrowed by the liquid, and the oil mist contained in the air stream easily collides with the surface of the filler particles and the liquid between the filler particles (the contact efficiency increases). Many of the liquids mixed with oil mist that has been pushed down and formed into large droplets settle by gravity. Fine droplets collide and agglomerate with the demister downstream and are discharged as drain liquid. And only the clean airflow from which oil mist and the liquid were removed is discharged | emitted from an exhaust port. In FIG. 1, a demister is provided immediately downstream of the particle layer, but the present invention is not limited to this. The demister can be omitted or provided downstream of the blower.

By passing a high-speed air stream through the thin particle layer wetted with the liquid, the oil mist is always pushed downstream together with the liquid, so the particle layer R is always washed away, and the particle layer is contaminated with particles. Does not accumulate and clogging that causes a reduction in the processing air volume does not occur. The particle layer of the present invention can be said to be a filter medium for filtering contaminated particles and an inertial collision material for colliding and separating contaminated particles, and has both functions.

First, the overall structure of the particle layer type collector according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The particle layer collector 100 includes a box-shaped housing body 1, a suction port 2, an airflow introduction chamber 10, a spray nozzle 20, a particle layer unit 30, an airflow treatment chamber 40, a separation unit 50, and a clean airflow outlet chamber 60. And have.

The suction port 2 sucks an airflow containing contaminating particles. The air flow introduction chamber 10 guides the air flow sucked from the suction port 2 to the particle layer unit 30. The air flow including the oil mist flows horizontally in the housing body 1 (the arrow F in FIG. 2 indicates the flow path of the air flow). In addition, although the suction inlet 2 shown in FIG. 2 is provided in the front side plate 1a of the housing main body 1, it may be provided in the ceiling surface board 1b upward, or may be provided sideways.

A spray nozzle 20 is provided on the upstream side of the air flow introduction chamber 10, and the liquid is sprayed toward the particle layer unit 30 installed downstream of the air flow introduction chamber 10 to wet the particle layer. A liquid discharge hole 3 is provided in the bottom plate 1c of the housing body 1 in which the airflow introduction chamber 10 is located.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the particle layer unit 30 is a unit in which packed particles 32 are filled in a particle layer folder 31 having a rectangular frame shape. Ventilation surfaces 33 and 34 are provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the particle layer R composed of the packed particles 32, respectively. Particle layer wire nets 33a and 34a are installed on the ventilation surfaces 33 and 34 so that the filled particles 32 do not fall out. In this embodiment, the width (thickness) in the upstream / downstream direction in the particle layer folder 31 serves as a spacer that determines the layer thickness of the particle layer R.

The total capacity of the packed particles 32 filled in the particle layer unit 30 is smaller than the total capacity of the packed space S formed in the particle layer folder 31. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 (b), the particle layer unit 30 is vertically erected and fixed in the housing body 1 so that the particle layer R is orthogonal to the horizontal flow path F. At that time, an unfilled space S ′ is formed above the filled space S. The upper part of the particle layer folder 31 has non-breathable non-breathing surface portions 35 and 36, and the unfilled space S ′ is filled with the filled particles 32 so as to be located in the non-breathing surface portions 35 and 36. The

The filled particles 32 are filled so as to reach the center of the height of the non-vented surface portions 35 and 36 so that the filled particles 32 do not float in the unfilled space S ′ by the high-speed airflow passing through the vent surfaces 33 and 34. However, it is sufficient that the stacked particles 32 have a thickness that prevents the filler particles 32 from being lifted by their own weight. Therefore, even if the packed particles 32 are filled in the upper part near the unfilled space S ′, the filled particles 32 in the non-venting surface portions 35 and 36 are stable so as not to float to the unfilled space S ′ due to their own weight. It is possible to prevent the particle layer R from being densely and densely affected by the high-speed airflow.

The packed particles 32 of the particle layer unit 30 in the present embodiment are glass beads having a particle diameter of 2 mm, and the particle layer is formed so that the number of layers is three. When the particle layer unit 30 is mounted in the housing body 1, the particle layer R formed by the packed particles 32 is in a state such as a close-packed structure due to the weight of the packed particles 32 and the relationship between the diameter and the layer thickness. It becomes an orderly stable layer that keeps (see the image diagram of FIG. 3C).

The liquid is sprayed toward the particle layer R from the spray nozzle 20 installed on the upstream side of the particle layer unit 30. Due to the vertical arrangement of the particle layer unit 30, the liquid sinks by gravity along the surface of the packed particles 32, so even with a small amount of liquid supply, the particle layer R is evenly wetted, and the gap between the packed particles 32 is It becomes narrower as the liquid spreads.

In this embodiment, the surface velocity of the airflow including the oil mist when passing through the upstream-side ventilation surface 33 of the particle layer R is a high speed of 1 m / s. The oil mist contained in the airflow collides with the surface of the packed particles 32 and the liquid between the packed particles, is collected, and becomes turbid in the supplied liquid. The surface of the packed particles and the liquid between the packed particles are always pushed downstream by the high-speed air current along with the oil mist. The liquid containing the oil mist flows down along the particle layer R and is discharged as drain, or passes through the particle layer R and is pushed out to the downstream air flow treatment chamber 40.

When passing through the wetted particle layer R, the oil mist hits the frontmost packed particles 32, or passes through the gaps between the packed particles narrowed by being wetted, and hits the second layer with inertial force. In the meantime, the particles are collected by the action of being moved by meandering between layers of the filler particles 32 and being hit by inertial force. However, when the surface velocity of the airflow including the oil mist when passing through the upstream side air vent surface 33 of the particle layer R is set to a high speed of 1 m / s or more, the ratio of the oil mist collected in the front row and the second layer However, even if the number and thickness of the particle layer R are increased unnecessarily, the collection efficiency does not increase as expected. Therefore, by reducing the number of the particle layers R to a necessary minimum and making the layer thickness very thin, the pressure loss can be kept low even if the airflow passes through the particle layers R at a high speed.

Further, even in the case of the packed particles 32 in the most downstream row of the particle layer R where it is difficult for the liquid to reach just by spraying, the number of particle layers R is small and the layer thickness is thin, The packed particles 32 in the most downstream row are also easily wetted, and the amount of liquid supply is small.

The oil mist that collides with the surface of the packed particles and the liquid between the packed particles becomes turbid in the supplied liquid and flows down through the particle layer R or is pushed downstream by a high-speed air stream. The particle layer R is always washed away, and the oil mist does not accumulate on the particle layer R, and clogging that causes a reduction in the processing air volume does not occur.

The particle layer unit 30 is detachable from the housing body 1 and can be taken out from an opening with a lid (not shown) provided on the ceiling plate 1b. When the particle layer unit 30 is taken out from the housing body 1, since the filling rate of the filling particles 32 into the filling space S is low, the filling particles 32 take advantage of the feature that they can flow with each other, for example, a cleaning solution or the like has entered. The particle layer unit 30 can be immersed in a washing tank and shaken to be washed, and the packed particles 32 are easily washed while rotating and flowing. Moreover, it can wash | clean, applying a jet and moving particles.

  Next, the airflow processing chamber 40 / separation unit 50 located downstream of the particle layer unit 30 will be described. A separation unit 50 that separates and removes the liquid contained in the airflow from the airflow is installed at the most downstream side of the airflow processing chamber 40. Specifically, the separation unit 50 is a demister. The demister is installed at a certain distance from the particle layer unit 30. Among the liquids containing oil mist pushed down the particle layer R by providing a space called the airflow treatment chamber 40 between the particle layer unit 30 and the separation unit 50, the liquid agglomerated into large droplets is here It can gravity settle. The gravity settled liquid is discharged to the outside through a liquid discharge hole 41 provided at the bottom of the airflow processing chamber 40.

The droplets having a small particle size that could not be gravity settled in the airflow treatment chamber 40 collide with the separation unit 50 that is a demister, where they are aggregated to form large droplets, flow down through the demister, and discharged as a drain liquid. The demister is configured by, for example, overlapping a plurality of resin meshes, and is a separation member that receives liquid droplets and aggregates into large droplets when an airflow passes through the mesh.

  The clean airflow from which the liquid has been separated via the separation unit 50 is guided to the clean airflow outlet chamber 60 and is discharged from the exhaust port 71 of the exhaust unit 70 to the outside of the apparatus via the outlet 61. . A liquid discharge hole 62 is also provided at the bottom of the clean air flow outlet chamber 60.

  The exhaust unit 70 houses a blower 73 in a fan casing 72 installed on the rear side plate 1d of the housing body 1, and the blower 73 is rotationally driven by a motor 74 and sucks an airflow including oil mist and becomes clean. Exhaust air flow.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, another embodiment of the particle layer collector of the present invention will be described. Here, only a different part from the above-mentioned particle layer type | mold collector 100 is demonstrated.

As shown in FIG. 4, the separation unit 250 of the particle layer type collector 200 has a cylindrical shape, and the outer peripheral space of the separation unit 250 is the airflow treatment chamber 240 and the separation unit 250 downstream of the particle layer unit 30. The inner circumferential space is a clean air outlet chamber 260. An outlet 261 is provided at the bottom of the clean air outlet chamber 260, and is led to an exhaust port 271 through an exhaust unit 270 provided immediately below.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4C, the separation unit 250 includes a cylindrical retainer 251 that is open in the vertical direction, and a demister 252 that is held over the entire circumference of the outer periphery of the retainer 251. Has been. As shown in FIG. 4, the particle layer unit 30 and the separation unit 250 are arranged with a certain distance. The separation unit 250 is arranged vertically in the substantially central portion of the airflow processing chamber 250 so that the airflow flows in a balanced manner. An outlet 261 provided concentrically with the retainer 251 is provided at the bottom of the clean air outlet chamber 260 and the bottom plate 201 c of the housing body 201. Through this outlet 261, the clean air outlet chamber 260 communicates with an exhaust unit 270 described later.

Further, a plurality of openings 253 are provided on the downstream side of the cylindrical portion of the retainer 251 placed vertically as shown in FIG. The separation unit 250 is installed so that the upstream surface of the retainer 251 without the opening 253 faces the particle layer unit 30 side.

The air stream containing the oil mist passes between the packed particles 32 of the particle layer R wetted by the spray from the spray nozzle 20 and is agglomerated into large droplets among the liquid pushed out leeward of the particle layer. Is settled by gravity for a certain distance provided up to the separation unit 250. Here, the splashes that could not be gravity settled collide with the demister 252 of the separation unit 250, where they are aggregated into large droplets and flow down through the demister.

  The cylindrical retainer 251 has a non-venting surface on the side facing the particle layer unit 30, and the non-venting surface serves as a collision plate, and the demister 252 held therein is used only as a collision material. In addition, it has a role as a contact material. Most of the splashes are agglomerated into large droplets on the non-ventilated surface, and the gravity settling is promoted through the retainer 251 and the demister 252. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of splashes entrained in the airflow passing through the downstream demister 252 having the opening 253 as much as possible. The liquid gravity settled by the separation unit 250 is discharged from the liquid discharge hole 241 provided in the bottom plate 201c of the housing main body 201 where the airflow processing chamber 240 is located, and is discharged out of the housing main body 201.

The clean airflow from which the liquid has been separated by the separation unit 250 is discharged from the opening 253 of the separation unit 250 to the exhaust port 271 of the exhaust unit 270 via the clean airflow outlet chamber 260 and the outlet 261.

The exhaust unit 270 has a blower 273 housed in a fan casing 272 installed on the bottom side plate 201 c of the housing body 201, and the blower 273 is rotationally driven by a motor 274. The rotating shaft of the blower 273 is arranged to be concentric with the retainer 251 and the outlet 261, and the blower 273 is accommodated horizontally. The motor 274 is provided below the blower 273.

  Next, still another embodiment of the particle layer collector of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Here, only the portions different from the above-described particle layer collectors 100 and 200 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 5, the particle layer type collector 300 has a cylindrical housing body 301. The housing body 301 has an upward suction port 302 at the center of the ceiling surface portion 301b, and airflow including oil mist is sucked in. A cylindrical wall 311 concentrically with the suction port 302 is provided inside the housing main body 301 immediately below the suction port 302. Further, a cylindrical recess 301d is provided concentrically with the suction port 302 and the cylindrical wall 311 in the center of the bottom surface 301c of the housing body 301, and a bottom 301e is provided in the recess 301d. ing. A blower 373 is installed between the lower end 311a of the wall 311 and the bottom surface 301e of the recess 301d. The motor 374 for driving the blower 373 is installed so as to protrude below the bottom surface 301e of the cylindrical recess 301d.

The blower 373 driven by the motor 374 sucks an airflow including oil mist on the upstream side, and sends the airflow to the side in the horizontal direction through a blade portion (not shown) of the blower 373 and is as close as possible to the suction port 302. It is provided so as to be located on the upstream side. The interior of the wall 311 is referred to as a first air flow introduction chamber 310.

A spray nozzle 320 is provided on the upstream side of the blower 373, and the liquid is sprayed toward the blower 373. The liquid sprayed on the blower 373 is diffused by centrifugal force from the rotating blade portion of the blower 373 toward the outer periphery.

A cylindrical particle layer unit 330 is arranged on the outer periphery of the wall 311 and the recess 301d with a certain distance. A second air flow introduction chamber 315 is formed between the outer periphery of the wall 311 and the recess 301 d and the inner periphery of the cylindrical particle layer unit 330. In the second air flow introduction chamber 315, an air flow including oil mist and liquid is diffused from a blade portion (not shown) of the rotating blower 373, and the liquid is supplied toward the particle layer unit 330. The oil mist collides, collects and aggregates with the particle layer R, and the air stream containing the liquid is pushed downstream of the particle layer unit 330.

In addition, since the blower 373 is provided in the upper part in the housing main body 301 close to the suction port 302, the liquid diffused and supplied from the blower 373 toward the particle layer unit 33 distributes the particle layer R evenly by gravity settling. Moisten.

  A cylindrical separation unit 350 is installed at a certain distance from the particle layer unit 330. A space between the particle layer unit and the separation unit 350 serves as an airflow processing chamber 340. The clean air current is discharged from a plurality of exhaust ports 371 provided along the outer periphery of the ceiling surface portion 1 a of the housing main body 301 through the clean air flow outlet chamber 360 between the separation unit 350 and the outer wall of the housing main body 301. Drain liquid discharge holes 341 and 361 are provided on the bottom surfaces of the airflow processing chamber 340 and the clean airflow outlet chamber 360, respectively.

  Next, still another embodiment of the particle layer type collector of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Here again, a different part from the above-mentioned particle layer type | mold collector 100,200,300 is demonstrated.

  The particle layer type collector 400 has a box-shaped housing body 401 having a suction port 402, an air flow introduction chamber 410, a spray nozzle 420, a particle layer unit 430, and an air flow treatment chamber 440. The suction port 402 is provided on the ceiling surface 401 a of the housing main body 401, and an airflow including oil mist is introduced into the airflow introduction chamber 410.

The housing body 401 is provided with a drain hole 403 in the lower part of the front side plate 401b. In addition, the bottom plate 401c has a gentle slope descending toward the front side plate 401b. A fan casing 472 is installed outside the rear side plate 401d. A fan 473 driven by a motor 474 is accommodated in the fan casing 472. An exhaust port 471 is provided in the upper part of the fan casing 472. In addition, a communication hole 404 for allowing the airflow processing chamber 440 and the fan casing 472 to communicate with each other is provided at the center of the rear side plate 401d.

The particle layer unit 430 is fixed at an angle inclined by 45 degrees with respect to the suction port 402. The spray nozzle 420 is provided in the airflow introduction chamber 410 and sprays the liquid above the inclined particle layer unit 430. The sprayed liquid travels along the inclined surface of the particle layer unit 430 and wets the particle layer R evenly by gravity settling.

Note that the filler particles constituting the particle layer of the particle layer unit 430 are glass beads having a particle diameter of 1 mm, and are packed in the particle layer folder so as to have three layers as shown in FIG.

The oil mist contained in the airflow is collected and turbid in the supplied liquid on the same principle as in the above-described embodiment. The surface of the filler particles and the liquid between the filler particles are pushed downstream together with the oil mist by a high-speed air stream. The liquid containing the oil mist flows down along the particle layer R and is discharged as drain, or passes through the particle layer and is pushed out to the downstream air flow treatment chamber 440.

The liquid pushed into the airflow treatment chamber 440 collides with the baffle plate 405 suspended so as to cover the front of the communication hole 404 and the semicircular baffle plate 406 covering the lower half of the front surface of the communication hole 404, or directly by gravity. Then, it flows down to the bottom plate 401c. Then, it is aggregated into large droplets and discharged from the drain hole 403.

Therefore, the airflow that has passed through the airflow processing chamber 440 passes through the communication hole 404 as a clean airflow that does not substantially contain liquid. Further, the clean airflow is guided from the communication hole 404 to the exhaust port 471 via the inside of the fan casing 472.

A separation unit 450 that is a demister can also be provided at the upper part of the exhaust port 471 provided at the upper part of the fan casing 472.

  Here, the advantage of using a thin particle layer as means for collecting contaminating particles such as oil mist will be described. That is, the amount of processing air can be increased. Conventionally, means for increasing the number of layers has been taken in order to improve the collection efficiency. This is based on the idea that the collection efficiency is improved by increasing the chance of contact with the packed particles and the liquid between the packed particles, and the pressure loss is increased in exchange. For this reason, it is considered that the surface velocity of the airflow passing through the upstream surface of the particle layer cannot be increased, and the surface velocity is kept at about 0.5 m / s even if the surface velocity is high. Since the surface speed of the nonwoven fabric of the filter type collector is about 2 m / s, when replacing the nonwoven fabric with a thick particle layer, the device itself was unsuitable because of its large size. Any particle layer can be applied.

Moreover, it has the characteristic that collection efficiency also increases, so that surface speed increases. Actually, although the pressure loss increases, the surface speed can be made faster than 3m / s because the layer thickness is thin. However, considering the required processing air volume, motor capacity, pressure loss, etc., the surface speed It is most desirable that the optimal range is about 1 to 3 m / s from the balance of collection efficiency and energy efficiency. The surface speed at the time of passing through the upstream vent surface is somewhat slow depending on the passage location such as the central portion, the upper portion, and the lower portion of the upstream vent surface. For example, when the suction port is provided upward on the ceiling surface plate 1b instead of the front side plate 1a of the housing body 1, the surface speed of the central portion is higher than that of the upper portion. Therefore, 1 to 3 m / s is an average surface speed including a slow speed.

Normally, the smaller the particle size of the packed particles, the larger the surface area of the packed particles, so the probability of contact with the airflow increases, but the smaller the particle size, the more difficult the handling of the packed particles and the constant layer thickness is ensured. It becomes difficult to do. In this embodiment, a glass bead having a diameter of 2 mm and a glass bead having a diameter of 1 mm are disclosed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. One having a particle diameter of 5 mm can be appropriately selected.

In addition, commercially available glass beads for industrial use have variations in particle size. Therefore, for example, a glass bead having a single particle diameter of 2 mm does not mean that the particle diameter of all the glass beads constituting the particle layer R is strictly 2 mm, and includes some tolerances. This means a dimension within a range including a slight error centering on a particle diameter of 2 mm.

Specifically, for example, when the particle layer is composed of a single particle size of glass beads having a diameter of 1 mm, if the particle size of each glass bead is strictly measured, 0.8 mm or 1 Those having a particle diameter of 2 mm may be mixed, but these are all included in the particle diameter of 1 mm.

Further, a sphere or pellet having a predetermined aspect ratio (ratio of major axis to minor axis) other than a true sphere may be used. In the above-described embodiment, only the particles having a single particle size are used as the filler particles constituting the particle layer. However, for example, a plurality of filler particles having different particle sizes such as 2 mm and 3 mm may be mixed. Good. In addition, according to the particle diameter of the oil mist to be collected, the particle diameter of the filler particles can be appropriately selected from 1 to 5 mm. As long as it has an aspect ratio, it is desirable that the minor axis is 1 mm or more and the major axis is 5 mm or less. In these cases as well, the particle size represents a size within a range including some errors.

As for the number of layers, at least two or more layers are necessary, but if the amount is too large, the collection efficiency is not improved. Therefore, the number of layers can be suppressed to about ten layers and the layer thickness can be reduced. If a plurality of particles with different particle sizes are filled, the number of particle layers varies slightly depending on the location, but by reducing the number of layers and reducing the layer thickness, the contaminating particles are mixed with the liquid. It is washed away by a high-speed air stream, and the particle layer is always kept free from clogging, and the apparatus can be reduced in size and weight.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where three layers of 2 mm-filled particles are filled has been described with reference to FIG. 3C. However, as described above, there is some variation in the particle size. Therefore, strictly speaking, the three layers are not maintained over the entire surface of the particle layer, and this includes the fact that there are locations where there are two layers, four layers or more. In addition, a layer such as a close-packed structure may be a portion where the particle diameters are uniform and arranged in an orderly manner such as a close-packed structure. It is meant to include the state of being stably filled.

The glass material includes alkali glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, and the like, and can be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the contaminating particles to be collected. Glass spheres can be obtained at low cost, have a smooth surface, are suitable for cleaning, and have high chemical resistance. The material of the filler particles is not necessarily a glass sphere, and may be a resin sphere, a metal sphere, or other ceramic sphere. The particles may be hollow. For example, resin spheres are advantageous in that they are lighter than glass spheres and have a high affinity with oil mist.

  Moreover, if the liquid supplied from the spray nozzle is appropriately selected in accordance with the characteristics of the contaminating particles to be collected, the collection efficiency will be higher. For example, if the contaminated particles are oil mist by coolant, the same coolant can be supplied from a spray nozzle from a coolant pump provided in a machine tool or a coolant pipe permanently installed in a factory. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and water or cleaning liquid may be supplied. When there is a liquid supply source at the site where the particle layer collector is installed, it is only necessary to connect a supply pipe, and the particle layer collector does not need to be provided with a liquid supply pump or tank.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, the spray nozzle can maintain the spray particle size and the flow rate so that the liquid sprayed toward the particle layer unit can uniformly wet the particle layer and avoid excessive and wasteful liquid supply. As an example, the liquid supply means to the particle layer is not necessarily a spray nozzle. Any known liquid supply means may be used as long as the particle layer can be wetted, for example, liquid can be supplied from a hole provided in the pipe.

  In the above-described embodiment, the oil mist of the lubricating coolant has been described as a specific collection target. However, mist (droplets) generated from other liquids may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment, the particle layer unit is erected so that the particle layer R is vertical, or the particle layer unit is inclined by 45 degrees from the vertical position. Or it need not be 45 degrees. Inclined between up to 45 degrees from the vertical position due to the position of the air inlet and the airflow, or about 15 degrees (ie 60 degrees from the vertical position) from the 45-degree inclined position described above Including those with a slope between.

In addition, although the particle layer wire net is used, it is not limited to the wire net, and may be formed of a resin net. Further, instead of the net, a metal plate or a resin plate in which many holes are punched may be used. It is also possible to use a metal plate or a resin plate provided with a large number of thin slits (for example, a width of 1 mm or less).

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and other forms may be used. Particles with a very thin particle layer, with the surface of the packed particles constituting the particle layer moistened evenly, the supplied liquid spreads in the gaps between the packed particles, and the gaps between the packed particles are narrowed By passing an air stream containing contaminating particles through the layer at high speed, the contaminating particles collide with the surface of the packed particles and the liquid between the packed particles, and are collected and not deposited on the particle layer. No clogging will occur.

1, 201, 301, 401 Housing body 2, 302, 402 Suction port 20, 320, 420 Spray nozzle (liquid supply means)
30, 330, 430 Particle layer unit 32 Packed particles 33, 34 Venting surface 40, 240, 340, 440 Air flow treatment chamber 50, 250, 350, 450 Separation unit (demister)
60, 260, 360 Clean air flow outlet chamber 73, 273, 373, 473 Blower 71, 271, 371, 471 Exhaust port 100, 200, 300, 400 Particle layer type collector F Channel R Particle layer S Filling space S 'Unfilled space

Claims (10)

The particle layer collector that collects the pollutant particles contained in the airflow
A housing;
A suction port for introducing the airflow into the housing;
One or more particle layer units that are housed inside the housing and are filled with a large number of granular or irregularly shaped packed particles in a particle layer folder having vent surfaces on the upstream and downstream sides;
One or more liquid supply means disposed on the upstream side of the particle layer unit for supplying a liquid for wetting the packed particles;
An exhaust port for discharging the air flow that has passed through the particle layer unit and has been cleaned by collecting the contaminating particles out of the housing;
Have
The packed particles form a particle layer composed of two layers or more and ten layers or less, and the average surface velocity of the airflow passing through the upstream air flow surface of the particle layer unit is 1 m / s or more. Layered collector.   2. The particle layer type collector according to claim 1, wherein the packed particles constituting the particle layer have at least one particle size of 1 to 5 mm.   The particle layer unit is detachably installed in the housing so that the particle layer is vertical or has an inclination in an angle range of up to 60 degrees from the vertical position. Item 3. The particle layer collector according to Item 1 or 2.   An airflow treatment chamber is provided on the downstream side of the particle layer unit, and the airflow treatment chamber is a liquid in which the liquid supplied from the liquid supply means passes through the particle layer and contains the contaminated particles. The particle layer type collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the collector is a droplet and has a space for the droplet to settle by gravity.   4. The separation unit according to claim 1, wherein a separation unit that separates the droplets from the airflow is disposed downstream of the particle layer unit, and the separation unit is a demister. Particle layer collector. The particle layer type collector according to claim 4, wherein a separation unit for separating the droplets from the air flow is disposed downstream of the air flow treatment chamber, and the separation unit is a demister. The particle layer collector according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the demister has a cylindrical shape and is provided so that only the downstream side surface of the cylindrical shape can be ventilated.   The total volume of the packed particles filled in the packed space is less than the total volume of the packed space in the particle layer folder, and the packed particles are not accommodated in the upper part of the packed space. 8. The particle bed collector according to claim 1, wherein there is a filling space.   9. The contamination particle according to claim 1, wherein the contaminant particle is an oil mist, and the liquid supplied from the liquid supply means is a liquid having affinity with the oil mist. Particle layer collector. The particle layer collector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the liquid supply means is a spray nozzle.

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