JP2019124092A - Underground structure removal apparatus and underground structure removal method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To remove an underground structure efficiently.SOLUTION: An underground structure removal apparatus of the present invention includes a plurality of gripping members that grip an underground structure, actuators rotating the respective gripping members, and a body member. To one end of the body member opposite to the other end fixed to a rotary rod, the plurality of gripping members are each fixed axially. The body member can twist the underground structure gripped by the plurality of gripping members by rotating together with the plurality of gripping members at the time of the rotation of the rotary rod.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an underground structure removing apparatus used when removing an existing structure such as an existing pile buried in the ground and a underground structure removing method using the same.

  When rebuilding an existing building, work is done to remove underground structures such as existing foundations and existing piles buried in the foundation of the building as well as dismantling the building. For example, about the method of removing the established foundation, it is devised by patent document 1, for example. In this patent document 1, using a casing held by a stationary-type full-circumferential rotation device, excavating until the existing foundation is penetrated, a lifting device suspended by a crane or the like is inserted into the casing, and a holding arm Is expanded and held in the form of lining to fix the lifting device. In this state, by applying a propulsive force of rotation and pushing to the casing, the outer peripheral portion of the preformed foundation is cut by the cutting bit provided at the tip of the holding arm to form a grip margin. Thereafter, by rotating the expanded holding arm in a closing direction, the upper end portion of the existing pile is grasped, and the existing foundation is discharged to the ground by pulling up the hanging device.

  Moreover, about the method to remove an existing pile, it is devised by patent document 2, for example. In Patent Document 2, after the cylindrical casing is rotationally pressed into the ground by the rotational press-in means and the upper side of the existing pile is concentrically surrounded by the cylindrical casing, the upper side of the top of the existing pile in the cylindrical casing Discharge some earth and sand to the ground with a hammer grab etc. Next, the underground obstacle removing device suspended by a crane or the like is inserted into the tubular casing in a state where the grab shell of the device is not cut, and the underground obstacle removing device is inserted into the tubular casing. Fix it. Then, after the cylindrical casing is again rotated and press-fitted, when the upper side of the existing pile that enters the glove holding cylinder of the ground obstacle removing device reaches a predetermined length, the glove shell in the non-cutting posture is turned inward Then, cut the existing pile from the outer peripheral surface side with a cutting blade at the tip of the grab shell, and finally cut the existing pile. Thereafter, the rotational press-fit of the cylindrical casing is stopped, the fixation of the glove shell to the cylindrical casing is released, and the cut portion of the upper portion of the existing pile held by the glove holding cylinder is obtained by pulling up the glove shell from the cylindrical casing. To the ground.

  Moreover, as a method of removing an existing pile, patent document 3 other than patent document 2 mentioned above is mentioned. In patent document 3, after cutting the main rebar group of the rebar cage of a built-up pile with the cutting device installed in the lower end part of the inner skin of a casing at the time of construction to ground, a grasping device is inserted inside a casing. After gripping the upper part of the existing pile by the gripping device, the gripping device is fixed to the casing and the casing is rotated. Thus, the rotation of the casing rotates the gripping device to screw off the existing pile gripped by the gripping device. In addition, by pulling up the gripping device, the threaded portion of the existing pile gripped by the gripping device is discharged to the ground.

JP 2012-132218 A JP, 2016-176263, A JP, 2013-253455, A

  The method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an effective method when the existing structure is the existing foundation, but in the case of the existing pile in which the existing structure is, for example, firmly fixed to the ground, the depth is deep and It is difficult to pull out and take out the existing pile at one time, and it is not suitable as a method of removing the existing pile.

  Moreover, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the existing pile is cut short and taken out on the ground, it is more suitable as a method of removing the existing pile than the method disclosed in Patent Document 1. However, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 2, when cutting the existing pile while turning the grab shell inward, there are cases where the cutting blade provided on the grab shell can not cut the rebar of the existing pile. In such a case, it is necessary to once remove the device from the casing and cut the uncut rebar with another device. At that time, it is necessary to turn the glove shell from the closed state to the open state, but it may be difficult to turn the glove shell from the closed state to the open state due to soil, concrete, etc. generated during excavation. is there. As a result, there is a problem that the efficiency of the removal work of the existing pile decreases.

  Further, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 3, there is provided a cutting device provided in the interior of the casing while rotating the casing at a high speed in response to the existing pile entering a predetermined length into the interior of the casing rotationally press-fitted to the ground. Extend the drilling bit to the center side, and cross cut the rebar (main bar) of the existing pile. However, the rotational press-fitting of the casing is not an operation after visual confirmation of the existing pile, but is carried out with reference to the structural drawing (design drawing) and the like, so the cross-section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the casing being rotationally press-fit The center may not coincide with the center of the cross section orthogonal to the extension direction of the existing pile, and in such a case, it may not be possible to cross cut the rebar of the existing pile.

  Furthermore, in the methods disclosed in these patent documents, the hanging device, the structure removing device, the gripping device and the like are inserted into the rotationally press-fitted casing, and the fixing operation to the casing and the fixing to the casing are released. Because work is required, removal work is likely to be prolonged. At the same time, it is necessary to secure a space for installing a crane, in addition to the full rotation device for press-fitting the casing.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an underground structure removing apparatus capable of efficiently removing an underground structure and a underground structure removing method using the same.

  In order to solve the problems described above, the underground structure removing apparatus according to the present invention fixes a plurality of gripping members for gripping the underground structure, an actuator for rotating the plurality of gripping members, and the rotating rod. The plurality of gripping members are respectively pivotally attached to the other end opposite to the one end to be rotated, and are rotated together with the plurality of gripping members when the rotating rod is rotated, and are gripped by the plurality of gripping members And a main body member capable of twisting the underground structure.

  Preferably, the underground structure gripped by the plurality of gripping members is threaded by forward and reverse rotation of the rotating rod.

  The actuator may be a hydraulic cylinder which is disposed between each of the plurality of gripping means and the main body member and rotates each of the plurality of gripping members individually.

  Preferably, the plurality of gripping members have a cutting blade for cutting the side surface of the underground structure.

  In addition, it is characterized in that it has a casing fixed to the main body member and covering the plurality of gripping members and the actuator, and a drilling bit provided at a lower end portion of the casing at a predetermined angular interval.

  Preferably, the casing has a twist preventing member which abuts against each of the plurality of gripping means from the side when the main body member is rotated to prevent twisting of the plurality of gripping means.

  In addition, the rotary rod is preferably a telescopic type kelly bar that can be expanded and contracted in multiple stages. In this case, it is preferable that the rotating rod is rotated by driving of a full rotation device of the excavator.

  An embodiment of the underground structure removing method according to the present invention includes an inserting step of inserting the underground structure removing device described above into a digging hole generated on the ground, and a plurality of the underground structure removing device having the same. In the holding step of holding the underground structure exposed from the bottom surface of the drilled hole by the holding means, and in the state where the underground structure is held by the plurality of holding means, the underground structure removing device is rotated forward and reverse And cutting the ground structure held by the plurality of gripping means; pulling up the ground structure removing apparatus from the drilling hole; and cutting the ground structure threaded by the cutting process. And a discharge process for discharging the water to the ground surface.

  Further, the inserting step includes a step of extending the telescopic kelly bar fixed to the lower end portion of the underground structure removing device downward, and the discharging step retracts the extended kelly bar to lower the earth It is characterized by including the process of pulling up a structure removal apparatus from the said wellbore.

  Further, the holding step includes a step of cutting into the side surface of the underground structure with a cutting blade included in the plurality of holding means.

  According to the present invention, the underground structure can be efficiently removed, and the construction period of the underground structure removal operation can be shortened. Further, according to the present invention, since it is not necessary to secure a space for installing a crane in addition to the all-around rotating device, underground structures can be efficiently removed even in a narrow work area.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the external appearance of the excavator which mounts the structure removal apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a structure of a structure removal apparatus. (A) when the glove shell pair is in the open state, (b) when the glove shell pair is in the closed state, (c) the glove shell pair grasping the underground structure at a distance L1 from the rotation center CL FIG. It is a figure which shows an example at the time of visualizing the opening vicinity of the casing of the underground structure removal apparatus from the downward direction. It is a front view which shows the time of perforation of the ground. It is a figure which shows the state which inserted the structure removal apparatus in the excavation hole produced | generated to the ground. (A) inserting the structure removal device into the drilling hole, (b) gripping the underground structure by the structure removal device, (c) discharging the threaded underground structure from the drilling hole. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example in the case of perforating a ground in the state which attached the casing to the fixing tool provided in the lower part of the full circumference rotation apparatus. It is a figure which shows the front, the side, and the bottom of the structure removal apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. (A) inserting the structure removal device into the drilling hole, (b) gripping the underground structure by the structure removal device, (c) discharging the threaded underground structure from the drilling hole. FIG.

  Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described using the drawings.

First Embodiment
As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator 10 is capable of rotating in the back and forth direction of the vehicle body 11b, and a self-propelled base machine 11 comprising a lower traveling body 11a and an upper revolving structure (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle body) 11b. And a short reader 12. The reader 12 is pivotally attached to a front bracket 13 having a substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction at the front of the vehicle body 11b. In addition, the leader 12 pivotally mounts the tip end portion of a hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter, referred to as a relief cylinder) 14 axially supported on the upper portion of the front bracket 13 from the rear to the upper end portion in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the leader 12 is erected or folded centering on the portion pivotally attached to the front bracket 13 by the expansion and contraction of the relief cylinder 14. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the reader 12 is erected vertically to the ground. In this state, the lower end of the reader 12 is located near the ground surface. In addition, although the leader 12 is erected or laid down by extending or retracting the relief cylinder 14, the leader 12 need not be limited to the erection cylinder 14 as long as the leader 12 can be erected or laid down.

  The all-round rotation device 15 is a device that holds (chucks) the kelly bar 16 or the like and pushes the kelly bar 16 downward while rotating the held kelly bar 16. The all around rotation device 15 is movably installed in the reader 12. The all-round rotation device 15 pivotally mounts a lower end portion of a hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter, referred to as elevating cylinder) 17 pivotally attached to the upper end of the reader 12. Therefore, the full rotation device 15 moves along the longitudinal direction of the reader 12 by the expansion and contraction of the elevating cylinder 17. The code | symbol 18 is a rotary adapter holding the kelly bar 16, and the code | symbol 19 is a fixing tool called a dreteller which connects a casing, when performing excavation using a casing. Although the elevating cylinder 17 is used to move the all-round rotation device 15 in the longitudinal direction of the reader 12, any mechanism capable of moving the all-round rotation device 15 in the lengthwise direction of the reader 12 The lifting cylinder 17 need not be limited.

  A kelly bar (corresponding to a rotary rod described in the claims) 16 held by the all-round rotating device 15 is a step of lengthing the kelly bar by extending and retracting from the inner divided kelly bar among the plurality of stages of divided kelly bars. Is a telescopic type keriba that can be changed in any way. Hereinafter, among the split kelly bars, the split kelly bars positioned on the innermost side are referred to as the inner kelly bars 16a, and the split kelly bars positioned on the outermost side are referred to as outer kelly bars. The inner kelly bar 16a fixes the structure removal apparatus 30 of this invention other than drilling tools, such as an auger drill and a core barrel which digs, among the division kelly bars which Kerivar has.

  The mast head 20 is provided on the upper end side of the standing reader 12. The mast head 20 winds a hanging wire drawn from winches 25 and 26 of the vehicle body 11b. The winch 25 is attached to the inner kelly bar 16 a of the kelly bar 16 in which the hanging wire that has been fed out is held by the full circumference rotating device 15. Therefore, the winch 25 raises and lowers the inner kelly bar 16a of the kelly bar 16 by feeding and winding the hanging wire. Also, the winch 26 is attached to the outer kelly bar of the kelly bar 16 where the hanging wire that has been fed out is held by the full rotation device 15. Therefore, the winch 26 raises and lowers the outer kelly bar of the kelly bar 16 by feeding and winding the hanging wire. The entire kelly bar 16 is lifted and lowered by raising and lowering the outer kelly bar.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the structure removing apparatus 30 includes an apparatus body (corresponding to a main body member described in the claims) 31, a pair of grab shells (corresponding to a gripping member described in the claims) 32, and a hydraulic cylinder (claims). (Corresponding to the actuator described in (1)) 34, 35, a casing 36 and the like. The device body 31 has a cylindrical connection portion 31 a for inserting and fixing the inner kelly bar 16 a of the kelly bar 16 at one end in the longitudinal direction of the device body 31. The device body 31 axially supports the glove shells 37 and 38 of the glove shell pair 32 at the other end opposite to the end where the connection portion 31 a is provided in the longitudinal direction of the device body 31. Further, the device main body 31 axially mounts the hydraulic cylinders 34, 35 on the outer peripheral surface substantially at the center in the longitudinal direction at an interval of 180 degrees. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 31 b is a bearing portion for fixing a pin 39 used for bearing the hydraulic cylinder 34, and reference numeral 31 c is a bearing for securing a pin 40 used for bearing the hydraulic cylinder 35. It is a department.

  The grab shell pair 32 has two grab shells 37 and 38. The glove shell pair 32 grips the target object at the closing operation and releases the gripping of the object at the opening operation. Each of the glove shells 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32 opens and closes by extension and contraction of the hydraulic cylinders 34, 35, and grips (holds) the target object at the time of its closing operation. Although the number of grab shells in the grab shell pair 32 is two, it may be three or more.

  The grab shell 37 is a substantially triangular cylindrical member in which one side facing the grab shell 38 in the closing operation is cut in a substantially arc shape. In other words, the glove shell 37 has a concavely curved side surface which faces the glove shell 38 in the closing operation. The grab shell 37 has a recess 41 straddling one side and a side 37 a facing the grab shell 38 during the closing operation, and a recess 42 straddling the side 37 a and the side 37 b. For example, the recess 41 inserts the shaft attachment piece 31 d of the apparatus main body 31. The grab shell 37 and the shaft attachment piece 31 d of the apparatus main body 31 are axially attached using the pin 43 in a state where the shaft attachment piece 31 d of the device main body 31 is inserted into the recess 41. The recess 42 inserts the tip of the rod 34 b of the hydraulic cylinder 34. The glove shell 37 and the end of the rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder 34 are axially mounted using the pin 44 in a state where the end of the rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is inserted into the recess 42. Reference numeral 37 d denotes an abutting surface that is in contact with the object when the grab shell 37 is closed.

  The grab shell 38 is a member having the same shape as the grab shell 37. The grab shell 38, like the grab shell 37, has two recesses 45 and 46. For example, the recess 45 inserts the shaft attachment piece 31e (see FIG. 4) of the apparatus main body 31. The grab shell 38 and the shaft attachment piece 31e of the apparatus main body 31 are axially attached using the pin 47 in a state where the shaft attachment piece 31e of the device main body 31 is inserted into the recess 45. The recess 46 inserts the tip of the rod 35 b of the hydraulic cylinder 35. The glove shell 38 and the end of the rod 35b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 are axially mounted using the pin 48 in a state where the end of the rod 35b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 is inserted into the recess 46. Reference numeral 38d denotes an abutment surface which abuts on the object when the glove shell 38 is closed.

  The hydraulic cylinders 34 and 35 are, for example, double acting hydraulic cylinders. In FIG. 2, the configuration of the supply pipe for supplying the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic cylinders 34 and 35, the direction switching valve for switching the supply path for supplying the hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic pump installed on the ground is omitted. There is. In addition, the arrangement of hydraulic cylinders described below is an example, and it is preferable that the arrangement be appropriately changed according to use.

  The hydraulic cylinders 34, 35 extend and retract the rods 34b, 35b by the supply of hydraulic oil to any one of supply ports provided in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder bodies 34a, 35a. For example, when the hydraulic oil is supplied to the supply port provided at one end of the rod 34b among the supply ports provided at both ends of the cylinder body 34a of the hydraulic cylinder 34, the rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder is inside the cylinder body 34a. Are degenerated into The tip of the rod 34 b of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is axially attached to the glove shell 37. Therefore, when the rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder 34 is retracted, the glove shell 37 is pulled by the rod 34b. As a result, the glove shell 37 is pivoted outward (in the A direction in FIG. 7A) centering on the pin 43 pivotally attached to the shaft attachment piece 31d of the apparatus main body 31.

  Further, when the hydraulic oil is supplied to the supply port provided at the other end opposite to the one end on the rod 34b side among the supply ports provided at both ends of the cylinder main body 34a, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34 34b is extended from the cylinder body 34a. When the rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder 34 extends, the grab shell 37 pushes the rod 34b. Therefore, the glove shell 37 rotates inward (in the direction B in FIG. 7A) centering on the pin 43 pivotally attached to the bearing piece 31d of the apparatus main body 31.

  Similarly, when the hydraulic oil is supplied to the supply port provided at one end of the rod 35b side among the supply ports provided at both ends of the cylinder body 35a of the hydraulic cylinder 35, the rod 35b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 is a cylinder body It is degenerated inside 35a. The tip of the rod 35 b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 is axially attached to the glove shell 38. Therefore, when the rod 35b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 is retracted, the glove shell 38 is pulled by the rod 35b. As a result, the glove shell 38 rotates outward (in the C direction in FIG. 7A) centering on the pin 47 pivotally attached to the bearing piece 31e of the apparatus main body 31.

  Further, when the hydraulic oil is supplied to the supply port provided at the other end opposite to the one end on the rod 35b side among the supply ports provided at both ends of the cylinder main body 35a, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 35 35b is extended from the cylinder body 35a. When the rod 35b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 extends, the glove shell 38 pushes the rod 35b. Therefore, when the rod 35b of the hydraulic cylinder 35 expands and contracts, the glove shell 38 is directed inward toward the center of the pin 47 pivotally attached to the shaft attachment piece 31e of the apparatus main body 31 (in direction D in FIG. 7A). )Rotate.

  Here, an operation in which the glove shells 37 and 38 rotate inward is referred to as a closing operation, and an operation in which the glove shells 37 and 38 rotate outward is referred to as an opening operation. Further, since the hydraulic cylinders 34 and 35 open and close the glove shells 37 and 38 of the glove shell pair 32 by expansion and contraction, the hydraulic cylinders 34 and 35 are hereinafter referred to as open / close cylinders 34 and 35.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 3A, the glove shell pair 32 when the rod 34b of the opening / closing cylinder 34 is completely retracted to the cylinder body 34a and the rod 35b of the opening / closing cylinder 35 is retracted to the cylinder body 35a. The state of is referred to as the open state. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, the rod 34b of the open / close cylinder 34 extends from the cylinder body 34a, and the rod 35b of the open / close cylinder 35 extends from the cylinder body 35a. A state in which the upper end of 37d and the upper end of the contact surface 38d of the glove shell 38 are in contact is referred to as a closed state.

  For example, with respect to the maximum extension amount when the rods 34b and 35b of the opening / closing cylinders 34 and 35 are extended from the cylinder bodies 34a and 35a, the pivoting amount of the glove shells 37 and 38 is set to the following. For example, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3C, the ground is exposed at a position that is the center of the bottom surface of the drilling hole (a position coaxial with the central axis CL of the apparatus main body 31). In addition to the intermediate structure 70, it is exposed at a position deviated from the center of the bottom surface of the drilled hole (for example, a position at a distance L1 from the central axis of the apparatus main body 31) Underground structure 70 '.

  As described above, the underground structure 70 indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 3C is an underground structure exposed at the center of the bottom of the drill hole. In this case, the contact surfaces 37d and 38d are respectively brought into contact with the underground structure 70 before the glove shells 37 and 38 of the glove shell pair 32 are closed. On the other hand, the underground structure 70 'indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3C is a underground structure exposed at a position displaced by a distance L1 from the center of the bottom surface of the drilled hole. In this case, one of the grab shells 37, 38 of the grab shell pair 32 which is adjacent to the underground structure 70 '(corresponding to the grab shell 37 in FIG. 3C) is closed. Before reaching, the abutment surface 37d abuts on the underground 70 '. On the other hand, when the other grab shell (corresponding to the grab shell 38 in FIG. 3C) is rotated beyond the closed state, the abutment surface 38d abuts on the underground structure 70 ' It needs to be done.

  Therefore, the maximum amount of rotation of each glove shell 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32 exceeds the amount of rotation of the glove shells 37, 38 when each glove shell 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32 is closed. It is set. That is, the amount of extension of the rods 34b and 35b of the open / close cylinders 34 and 35 when the glove shells 37 and 38 are rotated to the closed state is set to less than the maximum amount of extension of the rods 34b and 35b.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the device main body 31 described above has a disk-like fixing tool 50 having a cylindrical rib extended downward at the outer peripheral edge. The fixture 50 holds the casing 36 in a fixed manner. The casing 36 is provided with a plurality of drilling bits 55 at a lower end portion at a predetermined angular interval (for example, 45 ° interval), and the outer periphery of the underground structure is excavated by these drilling bits 55. Cut the structure.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the casing 36 is a cylindrical member having two openings 56 and 57 in the outer peripheral surface. The openings 56, 57 are provided at 180 ° intervals, in other words, at facing positions. The openings 56 prevent the glove shell 37 pivoting outward from contacting the casing 36. Similarly, the opening 57 prevents the outwardly rotating glove shell 38 from contacting the casing 36.

  The casing 36 has guide members 61, 62, 63, 64 (corresponding to the anti-twist members described in the claims) disposed on the inner peripheral surface so as to be continuous with the openings 56, 57, respectively. The guide members 61 and 62 are located on both sides of the glove shell 37 to regulate the turning direction of the glove shell 37, and rotate the structure removing device 30 in a state where the underground structure is gripped by the glove shell pair 32. The guide member positioned on the downstream side in the rotational direction abuts from the side of the glove shell 37 to support the glove shell 37, thereby causing the glove shell 37 to receive Prevent distortion due to twisting or twisting. Similarly, the guide members 63 and 64 are located on both sides of the glove shell 38 to regulate the pivoting direction of the glove shell 38, and the structure is removed while the underground structure is gripped by the glove shell pair 32. When the device 30 is rotated, the guide member located on the downstream side in the rotational direction is abutted from the side of the glove shell 38 to support the glove shell 38, and the reaction force from the grabbed underground structure Torsion and distortion of the grab shell 38 are prevented.

  Next, a method of removing the underground structure 100 using the structure removing device 30 of the first embodiment will be described.

  First, drilling (drilling) of the ground is carried out. Specifically, after the drilling machine 10 is installed at a desired position, the kelly bar 16 is attached to the full rotation device 15 of the drilling machine 10. Here, the kelly bar 16 may be installed in advance in the all-round rotating device 15 of the excavator 10 before the excavator 10 is installed. For example, when the underground structure is a built pile, the excavator 10 is installed so that the rotation center of the full circumference rotating device 15 is coaxial with the center of the built pile, but the position of the built pile is It is specified from the design drawing etc. at the time of construction of the building before replacement.

  As shown in FIG. 5, after the kelly bar 16 is attached to the all-round rotation device 15, an auger drill with a casing (hereinafter, auger drill) 75 is fixed to the tip of the inner kelly bar 16 a of the kelly bar 16. Here, as the casing 75a of the auger drill 75, one having an inner diameter larger than the maximum diameter of the existing pile is used. In addition, in FIG. 5, although the auger drill 75 which has the casing 75a is mentioned as an example, drilling tools, such as a core barrel, other than the auger drill which does not have a casing may be fixed and a ground may be pierced. In addition, the code | symbol 75b is a drill part.

  When the full rotation device 15 is driven, rotation of the kelly bar 16 pushes the auger drill 75 into the ground while rotating. As a result, the ground is perforated. In the case of drilling the ground by the auger drill 75, after drilling to a predetermined depth, the auger drill 75 is pulled up from the drilling hole 65 to remove the earth and sand retained in the casing. Then, the auger drill 75 is reinserted into the drilling hole 65 to drill the ground by the auger drill 75. These operations are repeatedly performed. As a result, a deep drilling hole 65 is formed in the ground.

  When the auger drill 75 drills to a depth where the underground structure 100 is embedded, the rotation of the auger drill 75 and the pushing into the ground are stopped. Thereafter, the extended kelly bar 16 is sequentially retracted from the inner kelly bar 16 a by winding the suspension wire with the winch 25. Then, after the kelly bar 16 is degenerated, the elevating cylinder 17 is degenerated, and the full rotation device 15 moves upward. As a result, the auger drill 75 is pulled out of the drilling hole 65 to the ground. The auger drill 75 pulled out of the drilling hole 65 is removed from the tip of the inner kelly bar 16 a of the kelly bar 16. Then, the structure removing device 30 is attached to the tip of the inner kelly bar 16 a of the kelly bar 16.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the structure removing device 30 is fixed to the tip of the inner kelly bar 16 a of the kelly bar 16 from which the auger drill 75 is removed. The structure removing device 30 is inserted into the drilling hole 65 by raising and lowering the all-round rotating device 15. At this time, the structure removing device 30 is inserted into the drilling hole 65 until the drilling bit 55 provided at the lower end of the casing 36 abuts on the bottom surface of the drilling hole 65. At this time, the glove shells 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32 of the structure removing device 30 are held in the open state.

  The full rotation device 15 is driven to push the lower portion of the drilling hole 65 while rotating the kelly bar 16. Thereby, the structure removing device 30 is rotated, and the drilling bit 55 provided at the lower end portion of the casing 36 of the structure removing device 30 drills the bottom of the drilling hole 65. Thereafter, the drive of the full rotation device 15 is stopped. At this time, if there is an underground structure extending in the horizontal direction, it is cut by cutting with the drilling bit 55 provided at the lower end of the casing 36.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, in the structure removing device 30 inserted into the drilled hole 65, the glove shell pair 32 is held in an open state. Thereafter, the hydraulic pump installed on the ground side is driven, and at the same time, the direction switching valve is switched as necessary. By driving the hydraulic pump, the open / close cylinders 34 and 35 operate, and the glove shells 37 and 38 rotate inward. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the contact surfaces 37 d and 38 d of the glove shells 37 and 38 are individually in contact with the side surface of the underground structure 100. Therefore, the underground structure 100 is gripped by the grab shell pair 32. In this state, the full rotation device 15 is driven. By driving the all-round rotation device 15, the kelly bar 16 rotates forward and reverse a plurality of times within a predetermined angle range around the axis CL. The forward and reverse rotations are rotation in the R1 direction and rotation in the R2 direction about the axis CL, as shown in FIG. 7 (b). The rotation angle in each of the rotation in the R1 direction and the rotation in the R2 direction may be the same angle or different angles.

  The structure removing device 30 also rotates in the forward and reverse directions about the axis CL in accordance with the plurality of forward and reverse rotations of the kelever 16. As described above, the upper end of the underground structure 100 is gripped by the glove shell pair 32. Therefore, the upper end portion of the underground structure 100 gripped by the glove shell pair 32 is twisted a plurality of times with respect to the portion buried in the ground. As described above, the casing 36 has the guide members 61, 62, 63, 64 therein. Therefore, at the time of forward and reverse rotation of the structure removing device 30, of the guide members 61, 62, 63, 64, the guide member positioned at the rear end side in the rotational direction is the side of the glove shells 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32. We support from one side. For example, in the case of rotation in the R1 direction, the glove shell 37 is supported by the guide member 61, and the glove shell 38 is supported by the guide member 64. Further, in the case of rotation in the R2 direction, the glove shell 37 is supported by the guide member 62 and the glove shell 38 is supported by the guide member 63. As a result, the grab shells 37 and 38 of the grab shell pair 32 gripping the underground structure 100 can prevent the occurrence of torsion due to the reaction force from the underground structure 100.

  By forward and reverse rotation of the glove shell pair 32 described above, the upper end portion 100a of the underground structure 100 gripped by the glove shell pair 32 is screwed, for example, at a position shown by a dotted line in FIG.

  Thereafter, the driving of the full rotation device 15 is stopped, and the winding of the hanging wire by the winch 25 is performed. The structure removing device 30 is pulled up from the drilling hole 65 by winding the suspension wire. At this time, since the glove shell pair 32 grips the upper end 100 a of the ground underground structure 100, the upper end 100 a of the ground underground 100 is discharged onto the ground. In addition, when the underground structure 100 remains in the ground, the structure removing device 30 is inserted into the drilling hole 65, and a portion of the underground structure 100 is recovered while being screwed by the grab shell pair 32. To go.

  Thus, the glove shell pair 32 holding the upper end of the underground structure 100 rotates with forward and reverse rotation of the kelly bar 16 fixing the structure removing device 30, and this rotation twists the underground structure. And with pulling up of the structure removal apparatus 30 by the degeneration of kellybar 16, a screwed underground structure is pulled up and removed to the ground surface. As a result, the work of removing the underground structure can be efficiently performed.

  In addition, in FIG. 7, the case where the upper end part 100a of the underground structure 100 is exposed from the center of the bottom part of the excavation hole 65 is demonstrated. However, the position where the upper end portion 100 a of the underground structure 100 is exposed may be exposed from a position offset from the center other than the center of the bottom portion of the drill hole 65. As described above, the maximum amount of rotation of each glove shell 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32 exceeds the amount of rotation of the glove shells 37, 38 when each glove shell 37, 38 of the glove shell pair 32 is closed. Is set to Therefore, even with the underground structure 100 exposed at a position offset from the center of the bottom of the drilled hole 65, the upper end 100a of the underground structure 100 can be gripped by the grab shell pair 32, and the gripped ground It is possible to screw the upper end 100 a of the middle structure 100.

  Here, the maximum amount of rotation of the rods 34b and 35b of the open / close cylinders 34 and 35 exceeds the amount of rotation of the glove shells 37 and 38 when the glove shells 37 and 38 of the glove shell pair 32 are closed. Although setting is made as described above, it is also possible to individually adjust the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to the opening and closing cylinders 34 and 35 for each opening and closing cylinder. By adjusting the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to the open / close cylinders 34, 35 separately for each open / close cylinder, the amount of rotation of each glove shell 37, 38 of the pair of glove shells 32 can be adjusted individually. As a result, even in the case of the underground structure 100 exposed at a position shifted from the center of the bottom of the drilling hole 65, the upper end 100a of the underground structure 100 is gripped or gripped by the glove shell pair 32. It is possible to perform an operation of screwing the upper end portion 100a of the underground structure 100.

  In the first embodiment, only the auger drill 75 is used to drill the ground. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the casing 77 is fixed to the fixing tool 19 provided at the lower part of the all-round rotation device 15, and the ground is pierced by pushing the auger drill 75 and the casing 77 into the ground while rotating it. It is also possible. In this case, the casings 77 fixed to the fixture 19 are sequentially added in accordance with the depth of the perforations. After drilling the ground to a depth exposed by the underground structure, the casing 77 is left as it is in the ground. Therefore, the casing 77 protects the hole wall until the removal operation of the underground structure by the structure removal device 30 is completed. In the case of FIG. 8, the same effect as the present invention can be obtained, and in the process of removing the underground structure, it is possible to prevent the pore wall from collapsing, and in removing the underground structure. Since the discharge path is secured, the underground structure can be reliably discharged onto the ground.

  In the first embodiment, the structure removing device 30 having the casing 36 is taken as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the structure removing device 30 may not be provided with the casing.

  In the first embodiment, although the grab shell pair 32 of the structure removing device 30 has only a function of gripping the underground structure 100, a cutting blade is provided at the tip of the grab shell to form the underground structure. In addition to the gripping function, it is also possible to have the function of cutting the underground structure.

Second Embodiment
As shown in FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (c), the structure removing apparatus 80 has an apparatus body 81, a pair of grab shells 82, and cylinders 83 and 84 for opening and closing operations. Although the structure removal apparatus 80 shown in FIG. 9 does not have a casing, it is also possible to provide a casing in the structure removal apparatus 80 shown in FIG.

  The device body 81 has a connecting portion 81 a fixed to the kelly bar 16 at the upper end. Further, the device main body 81 pivotally attaches each of the glove shells 86, 87 of the glove shell pair 82 at the lower end. Furthermore, the device main body 81 pivotally mounts one end of the opening / closing cylinders 83 and 84 at the central portion in the longitudinal direction. Reference numeral 88 in FIG. 9 denotes a support portion, which is in contact with the upper surface of the underground structure 200 to support the underground structure 200.

  The glove shell pair 82 has two glove shells 86, 87 facing each other. The shapes of these grab shells 86, 87 are identical. The grab shell 86 has an arc-shaped shell main body 86a in which a central portion in the width direction (Y direction in FIG. 9) is curved outward. The shell main body 86a has a cutting blade 90 at its lower end. The cutting blade 90 has, for example, seven blade portions 90a, 90b, 90c, 90d, 90e, 90f, and 90g. These blade parts 90a, 90b, 90c, 90d, 90e, 90f and 90g are also located at the highest position of the blade part 90d located at the central part in the width direction in the side view shown in FIG. It arrange | positions in step form so that the blade parts 90a and 90g located in the both ends of a direction may become the lowest position.

  The grab shell 86 has two side walls 86b and 86c extending inward from the shell main body 86a, and an upper wall 86d straddling the side walls 86b and 86c. The upper wall 86 d has an attachment piece 91 for attaching one end of the opening / closing cylinder 84 and attachment pieces 92, 93 for attachment to the lower end of the apparatus main body 81. The shaft attachment piece 91 is axially attached in a state of being inserted into a recess 83 a provided at one end of the opening / closing cylinder 83. In addition, the bearing pieces 92 and 93 are pivotally inserted in the recessed portions 81 b and 81 c provided at the lower end portion of the apparatus main body 81 respectively.

  Like the glove shell 86, the glove shell 87 has an arc-shaped shell main body 87a in which a central portion in the width direction (Y direction in FIG. 9) is curved outward. The shell body 87a has a cutting blade 95 at its lower end. The cutting blade 95 has, for example, seven blade portions 95a, 95b, 95c, 95d, 95e, 95f, 95g. The blade parts 95a, 95b, 95c, 95d, 95e, 95f and 95g are located at the highest position of the blade part 95d located at the center in the width direction, like the cutting blade 90 of the glove shell 86. It arrange | positions in step form so that the blade parts 95a and 95g located in the both ends of the width direction may become the lowest position.

  The grab shell 87 has two side walls 87b and 87c extending inward from the shell body 87a, and an upper wall 87d straddling the side walls 87b and 87c. The upper wall 87 d has an attachment piece 96 for attaching one end of the opening / closing cylinder 85 and an attachment piece 97, 98 for attachment to the lower end of the apparatus main body 81. The shaft attachment piece 96 is axially attached in a state of being inserted into a recess (not shown) provided at one end of the opening / closing cylinder 84. Further, the bearing pieces 97 and 98 are pivotally attached in the state of being respectively inserted into the concave portions 81 d and 81 e provided at the lower end portion of the apparatus main body 81.

  For example, hydraulic cylinders are used for the opening and closing cylinders 84 and 85. In addition, as a hydraulic cylinder, a double acting hydraulic cylinder is mentioned. The opening and closing cylinders 84 and 85 open and close the glove shells 86 and 87 of the glove shell pair 82 by extension and contraction. When the open / close cylinder extends, the grab shells 86, 87 of the pair of grab shells 82 rotate inward, and when the open / close cylinders retract, the grab shells 86, 87 of the pair of grab shells 82 move outward. It turns to face. FIG. 9A shows a state in which the open / close operation cylinders 83 and 84 are completely retracted. In this state, the grab shells 86 and 87 of the grab shell pair 82 are in the open state. Hereinafter, a state in which the open / close operation cylinders 83 and 84 are completely retracted and the glove shells 86 and 87 of the glove shell pair 82 are open is referred to as an open state.

  Next, a procedure for removing the underground structure 200 using the structure removal apparatus 80 will be described. In addition, in 2nd Embodiment, although the description is abbreviate | omitted about an excavator and kheriba, the excavator and kheriba demonstrated in 1st Embodiment are used. Therefore, in the following description, the excavator, the respective units constituting the excavator, and the kelyba will be described with the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment.

  First, drilling of the ground by the auger drill 75 is performed until the underground structure 200 is exposed from the bottom of the drilling hole 150. After drilling the ground, the stretched kelly bar 16 is retracted and the auger drill 75 is pulled up from the drilling hole 150. After removing the auger drill 75 fixed to the tip of the kelever 16, the structure removing device 80 is fixed to the tip of the kelly bar 16. The extension of the kerever 16 inserts the structure removal device 80 into the drilling hole 150. As shown in FIG. 10A, the structure removing device 80 inserted into the drilling hole 150 is moved toward the bottom of the drilling hole 150 by the extended kelly bar 16. The support portion 88 of the structure removal apparatus 80 abuts on the upper surface of the underground structure 200. In this state, when the hydraulic pump installed on the ground is driven, the open / close cylinders 83 and 84 operate. The glove shells 86 and 87 of the glove shell pair 82 of the structure removing device 80 moving toward the bottom of the drill hole 150 are held in the open state. The actuation cylinders 83, 84 are extended by the actuation cylinders 83, 84, respectively. As a result, the glove shell 86 of the glove shell pair 82 held in the open state pivots in the H direction in FIG. 10B, and the glove shell 87 pivots in the I direction in FIG. That is, the glove shells 86 and 87 of the glove shell pair 82 rotate inward. In this process, the cutting edge 90 of the glove shell 86 and the cutting edge 95 of the glove shell 87 are brought into contact with the side surface of the underground structure 200. The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to the open / close cylinders 83, 84 is the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure set in the open / close cylinders 83, 84. Therefore, after the cutting blades 90 and 95 are in contact with the side surface of the underground structure 200, the cutting blades 90 and 95 respectively bite into the side surface of the underground structure 200 by the extension of the opening / closing cylinders 83 and 84.

  After the opening and closing cylinders 83 and 84 are expanded by the operation of the hydraulic pump, the full rotation device 15 is driven. By driving the all-round rotation device 15, the kelly bar 16 held by the all-round rotation device 15 is rotated. Therefore, the structure removing device 80 rotates with the rotation of the kelly bar 16. Here, the structure removing device 80 may rotate in the forward and reverse directions, or may rotate in only one direction. Note that forward and reverse rotation refers to rotation by a predetermined angle in the order of R3 direction, R4 direction, R3 direction,... (Or in the reverse order thereof). As the structure removing device 80 is rotated, the upper end portion of the underground structure 200 gripped by the glove shell pair 82 is twisted relative to the other portion fixed to the ground.

  The cutting edge 90 of the grab shell 86 and the cutting edge 95 of the grab shell 87 are also in the process of twisting the upper end portion 200a of the underground structure 200 with respect to the other portion fixed to the ground by rotation of the grab shell pair 82. Bites into the side of the underground structure 200, and the amount of biting increases. As a result, the upper end portion 200a of the underground structure 200 is threaded relative to the other portion fixed to the ground.

  The upper end portion 200 a of the ground underground structure 200 which is threaded is held by the glove shell pair 82 while being supported by the support portion 88. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10C, when the structure removing device 80 is pulled up, the upper end portion 200 a of the threaded underground structure 200 is discharged to the ground surface together with the structure removing device 80. If the underground structure 200 remains in the ground, insert the structure removal device 80 into the drilling hole 150, and collect a part of the underground structure 200 while screwing it with the glove shell pair 82. To go. As a result, as in the first embodiment, the work of removing the underground structure can be efficiently performed.

  The structure removing device 80 according to the second embodiment is rotated while biting the cutting edges 90 and 95 of the grab shells 86 and 87 into the side surface of the underground structure 200 to screw the upper end of the underground structure 200. It is like that. The method of threading the upper end portion of the underground structure 200 is not limited to the above. For example, while rotating the structure removing device 80, the cutting edges 90, 95 of the grab shells 86, 87 are brought into sliding contact with the side surface of the underground structure 200 to cut the side surface of the underground structure all around And generate cutting grooves. Then, the structure removal device 80 is rotated while the cutting edges of the grab shells 86 and 87 are engaged with the cutting edges 90 and 95 of the grab shells 86 and 87 at the bottom of the cutting groove, and the upper end of the underground structure 200 Screw. In this case, it is necessary to control the amount of rotation of the glove shells 86 and 87 by adjusting the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the opening and closing cylinders 83 and 84.

  The structure removing device 80 according to the second embodiment individually adjusts the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied when the open / close cylinders 84 and 85 operate, in other words, the amount of rotation of the grab shells 86 and 87 is individualized. It is also possible to adjust to In the case of the structure removing device 80 of the second embodiment by making it possible to individually adjust the amount of rotation of the grab shells 86, 87 of the pair of grab shells 82, similarly to the structure removing device 30 of the first embodiment. In addition to the case where the upper end of the underground structure 200 is exposed from the center of the bottom of the drilling hole 150, the underground structure 200 is exposed even if it is exposed from a position offset from the center of the bottom of the drilling hole 150. By cutting the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the object 200 and holding the upper end portion of the underground structure 200, it is possible to thread the upper end portion of the underground structure 200.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator 15 Circumferential rotation device 16 Keliva 30 Structure removal device 32, 82 Grab shell pair 31, 81 Device main body 34 35 83 84 Hydraulic cylinder (opening and closing Operation cylinder), 36: Casing, 37, 38, 86, 87: Grab shell, 55: Drill bit, 61, 62, 63, 64: Guide member, 100, 200: Underground structure, 90, 95: Cutting blade

Claims (11)

A plurality of gripping members for gripping the underground structure;
An actuator for rotating each of the plurality of gripping members;
The plurality of gripping members are respectively axially attached to the other end opposite to the one end fixed to the rotating rod, and are rotated together with the plurality of gripping members when the rotating rod is rotated, thereby the plurality of grippings A body member capable of twisting the underground structure gripped by the member;
The underground structure removal apparatus characterized by having. In the underground structure removing apparatus according to claim 1,
An underground structure removing device characterized in that the underground structure gripped by the plurality of gripping members is screwed by forward and reverse rotation of the rotating rod. In the underground structure removing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
The undercarriage is characterized in that the actuator is a hydraulic cylinder which is disposed between each of the plurality of gripping means and the main body member and which pivots each of the plurality of gripping members individually. apparatus. In the underground structure removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An underground structure removing apparatus characterized in that the plurality of gripping members have a cutting blade for cutting a side surface of the underground structure. In the underground structure removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A casing fixed to the body member and covering the plurality of gripping members and the actuator;
Drilling bits provided at predetermined angular intervals at the lower end of the casing;
The underground structure removal apparatus characterized by having. In the underground structure removing apparatus according to claim 5,
The underground structure is characterized in that the casing has an anti-twist member which abuts against each of the plurality of gripping means from the side when the main body member is rotated, and which prevents twisting of the plurality of gripping means. Removal device. In the underground structure removal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
An underground structure removing device characterized in that the rotating rod is a telescopic type kelly bar which can be expanded and contracted in a plurality of stages. In the underground structure removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An underground structure removing device characterized in that the rotating rod is driven by driving of an all-round rotating device of an excavator. An inserting step of inserting the underground structure removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 into a drilled hole generated on the ground;
A gripping step of gripping the underground structure exposed from the bottom surface of the wellbore by a plurality of gripping means included in the underground structure removing device;
Cutting the ground structure held by the plurality of holding means by rotating the ground structure removing device in the forward and reverse directions while holding the ground structure with the plurality of holding means; ,
Discharging the underground structure removing device from the drilling hole and discharging the underground structure threaded in the cutting step to the ground surface;
The underground structure removal method characterized by having. In the underground structure removal method according to claim 9,
The inserting step includes the step of extending the telescopic kelly bar fixed to the lower end of the underground structure removing device downward.
The underground structure removing method, wherein the discharging step includes a step of retracting the extended kelly bar and pulling up the underground structure removing device from the wellbore. In the underground structure removal method according to claim 9 or 10,
The underground structure removal method characterized in that the holding step includes a step of cutting the side surface of the underground structure with a cutting blade included in the plurality of holding means.

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