JP2019121538A - High output battery and capacitor module - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a high output battery and a capacitor module, which prevent harmful effect caused by heat generation in a charging/discharging operation step, and have high durability.SOLUTION: A high output battery comprises: a chamber 11 in which a case 10 is provided in an inner part; and an inlet 12 and an outlet 13 communicated with the chamber 11. An electrolyte 20 is charged into the chamber 11, and a battery cell 30 which is not packaged is arranged in the chamber 11, and is dipped in the electrolyte 20. A first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 arranged in an outer part of the case 10 are electrically connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery cell 30. A heat exchange device 40 is communicated with the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of the case 10, and structures a fluid circulation space sealed with the chamber 11 in common. After the electrolyte 20 is cyclically took out from the chamber 11 through the outlet 13, a temperature of the electrolyte is reduced, and the electrolyte 20 after the reduction of the temperature is backed to the chamber 11 from the inlet 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to the field of temperature control of a secondary battery, and more particularly to a high power battery or capacitor module using an electrolyte as a coolant.

Electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid cars (HEVs), plug-in hybrid cars (Plug-in HEVs) have already been used to alleviate the problems (such as air pollution) caused by vehicles using fossil fuel gasoline and diesel oil. Is becoming the development trend of cars in the future.
In general, driving batteries used in automobiles include many battery cells, which are called battery cells. Many of the battery cells used in large quantities for driving batteries are lithium ion batteries (LIBs), and usually, a plurality of packaged battery cells are connected in series / parallel to one another, and then further packaged to be a battery. Configure the module / battery pack.
Based on the power requirements of the vehicle, a plurality of battery modules / battery packs are generally used, and these battery modules / battery packs include several thousand battery cells.

One of the technical problems that can not be avoided by vehicles using such electric power is the problem of heat generation during the charge / discharge operation of the drive battery. Temperature is an important factor affecting the life and safety of the driving battery, too high battery temperature causes intense side reactions inside the battery, shortening the life of the battery, and in severe cases, thermal runaway in the battery May cause safety issues such as fire or explosion.
Suitable operating temperatures for lithium ion batteries are between 25 ° C and 40 ° C. For this reason, temperature control of the drive battery is the focus of research.

High power battery and / or capacitor systems are required in many applications such as electric vehicles.
There is currently no method other than using a cooling medium, such as air, liquid or solid, for example, around the packaged battery and / or capacitor unit for proper temperature management.

There are three types of temperature control methods for driving batteries using known lithium ion batteries: air cooling, liquid cooling, and phase change material (PCM) cooling.
For example, Patent Document 1 presents a battery module using air-cooling type heat dissipation, in which heat dissipation members are disposed at two or more interfaces between a plurality of plate type battery cells, and the heat dissipation members are Passing air is used as a coolant.
Further, Patent Document 2 includes a battery pack, a heat exchange system, and a temperature control device, and the heat exchange system includes a heat exchanger, a coolant circulation pipeline, and a battery temperature control system including a refrigerant circulation pipeline. Is disclosed. This system utilizes a coolant, not air, as a medium, and employs a heat exchange system to cool or heat the battery.
Furthermore, the "battery and / or capacitor module used for battery cooling" described in Patent Document 3 presents a battery heat dissipation technology using a phase change material as a coolant, and basically employs a compressor and a capacitor The cooling system uses a coolant (e.g. ethylene glycol) or a coolant (e.g. R-11 and R134A) as the coolant.

The above-mentioned several prior art basically establish the cooling module outside the battery / capacitor pack. All these technologies focus on improving the cooling structure around the battery and / or capacitor cell / module or using different materials for the cooling panel or heat dissipation assembly outside the battery / capacitor module. Also, these prior art divide the battery / capacitor and cooling system into two separate parts.
Such separate structure of the battery and the cooling part has a limited cooling effect on the battery. The reason is that a general lithium ion battery is mainly composed of an anode (Anode, eg, graphite), a cathode (Cathode, eg, lithium), an electrolyte, and a separator, and the electrolyte is usually a liquid in most batteries. Although also called electrolyte, the electrodes, electrolyte and necessary separators are packaged in a permanently sealed pack to prevent the cause of oxidation and moisture, and the packaging material also reduces the heat conduction, the electrolyte This eliminates the opportunity to conduct heat directly.
All of the aforementioned prior art cooling methods are used to reduce the temperature outside the battery module / battery pack.

U.S. Patent No. 2011059347 China Patent No. CN202076386U Specification U.S. Pat. No. 20100279154

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a durable high-power battery or capacitor module by preventing the adverse effect of heat generation during charge / discharge operation.

  The high-power battery or capacitor module of the present invention includes a case, an electrolyte, an unpackaged battery cell, a heat exchange device, a chamber in which the case is provided, and an inlet communicated with the chamber. And the outlet, wherein the electrolyte is filled into the chamber, enters the chamber through the inlet of the chamber, and can exit the chamber through the outlet of the chamber, the packaged A battery cell disposed in the chamber of the case and immersed in the electrolyte, and a first electrode disposed outside the case is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the battery cell; And the heat exchange device is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell. A fluid circulation space connected to the inlet and the outlet of the chamber, the chamber being jointly sealed with the chamber, and the electrolyte discharged from the chamber after the electrolyte is discharged from the chamber cyclically through the outlet The temperature of the electrolyte is lowered, and the temperature-dropped electrolyte is returned from the inlet to the chamber.

The case is a rigid or flexible container.
In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a carrier concentration automatic balancing device, wherein the carrier concentration automatic balancing device comprises a detector for detecting the carrier concentration of the electrolyte, a first container for storing the electrolyte of high carrier concentration, and A second container for storing an electrolytic solution having a carrier concentration, the first container, the second container, and the chamber, and the high carrier concentration electrolytic solution in the first container or the low concentration in the second container A transporter for selectively replenishing the electrolyte with a carrier concentration to the chamber, and a detector and the transporter are electrically connected, and the detector detects and acquires the electrolyte in the chamber. Based on the carrier concentration, the transport device is controlled to refill the chamber with the electrolyte of high carrier concentration in the first container or the electrolyte of low carrier concentration in the second container. It includes a control circuit, a.

In a further preferred embodiment, the battery charger includes a charger, the charger is electrically connected to the external power source, the first electrode, and the second electrode, and the charger uses the power provided by the external power source. Charge the battery cell.
As a preferable structure, the heat exchange device includes a heat exchanger and a pump, and the heat exchanger and the pump are connected to the inlet and the outlet of the case via a pipeline, and the pump After the electrolyte cyclically exits the chamber through the outlet, the heat exchanger lowers the temperature of the electrolyte leaving the chamber, and the temperature is lowered from the inlet to the chamber from the inlet return.
As a preferable structure, the heat exchange device is disposed at a charging station, the charging station includes a charging gun, and the charging gun is provided with a first pipe joint and a second pipe joint, and the first pipe joint is the case of the case. The second pipe joint is connected to the inlet, the second pipe joint is connected to the outlet of the case, and the heat exchange medium inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger of the heat exchange device are connected to the first pipe joint and the second of the charging gun of the charging station. It is connected to the pipe joint.

  The high-power battery or capacitor module for vehicles according to the present invention and its charging device include a case, an electrolyte, a battery cell not packaged, a heat exchange device, and a charging device, and the case is provided inside. And an inlet and an outlet in communication with the chamber, wherein the electrolyte is filled in the chamber, enters the chamber through the inlet of the chamber, and enters the chamber through the outlet of the chamber The battery cell which can be taken out of the chamber and which is not packaged is disposed in the chamber of the case and is immersed in the electrolytic solution, and the first electrode disposed outside the case is the battery cell A second electrode electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell and disposed outside the case electrically to the negative electrode of the battery cell. And the heat exchange device is connected to the inlet and the outlet of the case to form a fluid circulation space jointly sealed with the chamber, and the electrolytic solution is circulated out from the chamber through the outlet. After that, the temperature of the electrolytic solution that has come out of the chamber is lowered, and the electrolytic solution after the temperature fall is returned to the chamber from the inlet, and the charging device serves as an external power source, the first electrode, and the second electrode The battery cells are electrically connected and charged using the power provided by the external power source.

As a preferable structure, the heat exchanger of the heat exchange device is installed at the front position of the vehicle, and the temperature of the electrolytic solution is lowered by air cooling or water cooling, and the electrolytic solution after temperature lowering is returned from the inlet into the chamber.
As a preferable structure, the heat exchange device is disposed at a charging station, the charging station includes a charging gun, and the charging gun is provided with a first pipe joint and a second pipe joint, and the first pipe joint is the case of the case. The second pipe joint is connected to the inlet, the second pipe joint is connected to the outlet of the case, and the heat exchange medium inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger of the heat exchange device are connected to the first pipe joint and the second of the charging gun of the charging station. It is connected to the pipe joint.

  Furthermore, a carrier concentration automatic balancing device is included, wherein the carrier concentration automatic balancing device is a detector for detecting the carrier concentration of the electrolyte in the chamber, a first container for storing the high carrier concentration electrolyte, and a low carrier. A second container for storing an electrolyte of a concentration, the first container and the second container, and the first pipe joint and the second pipe joint are connected to the chamber through the first pipe joint and the second pipe joint; A transporter for selectively replenishing the chamber with the electrolyte of high carrier concentration or the electrolyte of low carrier concentration in the second container, a detector electrically connected to the detector and the transporter, and the detection The transport device is controlled based on the carrier concentration of the electrolytic solution in the chamber detected and acquired by the reservoir to control the electrolytic solution with high carrier concentration in the first reservoir or the second reservoir Of the electrolyte solution having a low carrier concentration and a control circuit for replenishing the chamber.

If the heat exchange device is located at a charging station, the carrier concentration autobalancer may also be located at the charging station.
As a preferable structure, the charging device is installed at a charging station and connected to an external power supply, which is an electric main line.
As another preferable structure, the charging device is installed in the vehicle and electrically connected to a generator of the vehicle, and the generator is used as an external power supply.

The effects of the present invention are as follows. The electrolyte is used as a coolant for a high power battery or a capacitor module, and an unpackaged battery cell (consisting of an anode / separator / cathode) is packaged in the chamber of the case, and the electrolyte used as a coolant is put in and out of the chamber. Because the heat generated by the battery cells is carried to the heat exchanger together with the electrolyte and cooled when the battery is charged / discharged, the battery cells not packaged by the electrolyte are directly cooled from the inside As a result, a high cooling effect can be obtained, the problem of heat generation during charge / discharge operation of the high power battery or capacitor module can be solved, and the life of the battery and / or capacitor system can be extended.
Also, the provision of the carrier concentration automatic balance device maintains the stable carrier concentration of the non-packaged battery cell electrode, and reduces the battery decay during the cycle life due to the reduction of lithium ion carriers, so that the battery or capacitor module Can extend the life of

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high power battery or capacitor module showing Example 1 of the present invention. It is the schematic of the high output battery or capacitor module which shows Example 2 of this invention. It is the schematic of the high output battery or capacitor module which shows Example 3 of this invention. It is a perspective view of a case concerning an example of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the charging device concerning the example of the present invention. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high-power battery or capacitor module showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The high-power battery or capacitor module of the first embodiment includes a case 10, an electrolyte solution 20, battery cells 30 (unpacked cells) not packaged, and a heat exchange device 40.

The case 10 internally includes a chamber 11 and is provided with an inlet 12 and an outlet 13 in communication with the interior of the chamber 11. Case 10 can be a rigid or flexible container.
Electrolyte 20 can be filled into chamber 11 and can enter chamber 11 through inlet 12 of chamber 11 and exit through outlet 13 of chamber 11.
Unpackaged battery cells 30 (generally composed of cathodes / separators / cathodes) exist in series and / or parallel form and are arranged in the chamber 11 of the case 10 and the battery cells 30 in the electrolyte 20 Be soaked. The negative electrode of the battery cell 30 is electrically connected to the first electrode 21 disposed outside the case 10, and the positive electrode of the battery cell 30 is electrically connected to the second electrode 22 disposed outside the case 10. .

  The heat exchange device 40 is connected to the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of the case 10 and the chamber 11 to jointly constitute one sealed fluid circulation space. The heat exchange device 40 cyclically discharges the electrolyte 20 from the chamber 11 through the outlet 13, then lowers the temperature of the electrolyte 20 discharged from the chamber 11 and returns the temperature-reduced electrolyte 20 to the chamber from the inlet 12.

The heat exchange device 40 includes a heat exchanger 41 and a pump 42 (pump), and the heat exchanger 41 and the pump 42 are connected to the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of the case 10 via a pipeline. The heat generated by the battery cell 30 at the time of charge / discharge is absorbed by the electrolyte 20 first, and the pump 42 cyclically absorbs the heat and then the electrolyte 20 is discharged from the outlet 13 of the chamber 11. The temperature of the electrolyte solution 20 which has left 11 is decreased, and the temperature-reduced electrolyte solution 20 is returned to the chamber 11 from the inlet 12. The electrolyte 20 serving as the coolant can be moved in and out of the chamber 11 through the sealed soft / hard tube.
Since the heat exchanger 41 is connected at the time of charge / discharge of the battery, the heat generated by the battery cell 30 can be carried to the heat exchanger 41 outside the chamber 11 together with the electrolyte solution 20.
This solves the problem of heat generation during charge / discharge operation of the high power battery or capacitor module, and can extend the life of the battery and / or capacitor system.

FIG. 2 shows Example 2 of the present invention.
The high-power battery or capacitor module of Example 2 further includes a carrier concentration automatic balance device 50, which detects the carrier concentration of the electrolyte solution 20 in the chamber, and detects a relatively low carrier concentration. The same electrolyte can be injected into chamber 11 or heat exchanger 41 and replenished. Thus, the stable carrier concentration of the non-packaged battery cell 30 can be maintained, battery decay during cycle life due to lithium ion reduction can be reduced, and battery or capacitor module life extension can be assisted. .

  The carrier concentration automatic equilibration apparatus 50 includes a detector 53 for detecting the carrier concentration of the electrolyte solution 20, a first container 51 for storing the electrolyte solution of high carrier concentration, and a second container 52 for storing the electrolyte solution of low carrier concentration. And an electrolyte of a high carrier concentration in the first container 51 or a low carrier concentration in the second container 52, which is connected to the first container 51 and the second container 52, the chamber 11, or the heat exchanger 41. The transporter 54 for replenishing the electrolytic solution to the electrolytic solution 20, the detector 53 and the transporter 54 are electrically connected, and the transporter 54 is controlled based on the carrier concentration of the electrolytic solution 20 obtained by the detection by the detector 53. Control circuit 55 for replenishing the electrolyte solution 20 with the electrolyte of high carrier concentration in the first container 51 or the electrolyte of low carrier concentration in the second container 52, for example, In the method for connecting to one or the heat exchanger 41, performs balanced regulation and replenishment carrier with respect to the electrolytic solution 20 from the position of the heat exchanger 41 or the chamber 11.

FIG. 3 shows Example 3 of the present invention.
The high power battery or capacitor module of the third embodiment further includes a charging device 60.
The charging device 60 is electrically connected to the external power source P, the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, and charges the battery cell 30 using the power provided by the external power source.

The present invention can provide a high power battery module for use in a vehicle. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of battery cells 30 are disposed in the chamber 11, and the battery cells 30 are connected in series and / or in parallel with each other, and the negative electrode of the battery cell 30 and the first electrode 21 are electrically , And the positive electrode of the battery cell 30 and the second electrode 22 are electrically connected to constitute a single battery module or a battery pack (Battery Pack).
Although a single vehicle may require a plurality of battery modules / battery packs, the pipelines are used to connect the inlets 12 and the outlets 13 of the battery modules / battery packs to the pipelines of the heat exchange device 40 The sealed fluid circulation space can be configured by itself, and the battery cell 30 can be similarly cooled.

  It should be understood that the battery cell 30 can be replaced by a high power capacitor, which is also used to store electrical energy, and can be applied to other equipment requiring high power. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the case 10 can be a rigid container made of plastic / metal material.
For example, the first electrical connector interface 14 is installed outside the case 10, and the first electrical connector interface 14 is electrically connected to the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22. The first electrical connector interface 14 is provided with two sets of first electrodes 21 and two sets of second electrodes 22. The first electrical connector interface 14 simultaneously functions as a charging interface and an output interface for power, and the charging device 60 The first cable 61 can be electrically connected to any one pair of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 of the first electrical connector interface 14 and used for charging the battery cell 30 (in addition, FIG. 3 shows reference). A power load (e.g., a motor of a vehicle, an electric motor) electrically connects the second cable 62 to the other pair of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 of the first electrical connector interface 14 to provide the battery cell 30. Can use the power output by

When the high-power battery or capacitor module of the present invention is used in a vehicle, preferably, the heat exchanger 41 is installed at a position on the front side of an automobile or an electric vehicle (see FIG. 6). The temperature of the liquid 20 is lowered, and the temperature-reduced electrolyte 20 is returned from the inlet 12 into the chamber 11.
As described above, the heat generated in the charge / discharge process of the battery cell 30 is discharged using the electrolyte solution 20 in a circulating manner, and the effects of the cooling of the battery cell 30 and the temperature control are achieved.

When the high power battery or capacitor module of the present invention is used in a vehicle, as another preferred example, the heat exchange device 40 is disposed at the charging station A (see FIG. 5).
The charging station A includes a charging gun 70. The charging gun 70 is provided with a first fluid joint 71 and a second fluid joint 72, the first fluid joint 71 is connected to the inlet 12 of the case 10, and the second fluid joint 72 is It is connected to the outlet 13 of the case 10. The charging gun 70 is normally connected to the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 of the case 10 through a charging interface 63 installed outside the body of the electric vehicle (see FIG. 4).
For example, the first quick joint 64 connectable to the first fluid joint 71 and the second quick joint 65 connectable to the second fluid joint 72 are installed in the charge interface 63, and the first quick joint 64 and the second quick joint are connected. A joint 65 is connected to the inlet 12 and the outlet 13 via lines 641 and 651, respectively. The heat exchange medium inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 41 of the heat exchange device 40 disposed at the charging station A are connected to the first fluid joint 71 and the second fluid joint 72 of the charging gun 70 of the charging station A (quick joint Is preferred). Therefore, when the vehicle performs a charging operation using the charging station A, the battery cells 30 can be cooled through the heat exchange device 40 disposed at the charging station A.

  In a preferred structure of the high power battery or capacitor module of the present invention and its charging device, the charging device 60 is installed in a vehicle and electrically connected to a generator of the vehicle, and the power generated by the generator which is an external power supply is The charging device 60 is supplied.

In another preferred structure of the high-power battery or capacitor module of the present invention and its charging device, the charging device 60 is installed at the charging station A and connected to an electrical mains which is an external power source of the charging device 60.
The charging gun 70 further includes a charging plug 73. The charging plug 73 is electrically connected to the charging interface installed on the outside of the vehicle body of the above-described electric vehicle, and the battery station 30 supplies the battery cell 30 with an external power supply. It can be charged.

  The above is the description of the embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention, and all changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Case 11 chamber 12 inlet 13 outlet 14 1st electrical connector interface 15 2nd electrical connector interface 20 electrolyte 21 1st electrode 22 2nd electrode 30 battery cell 40 heat exchange device 41 heat exchanger 42 pump 50 carrier concentration automatic balance device 51 first container 52 second container 53 detector 54 transporter 55 control circuit 60 charging device 61 first cable 62 second cable 63 charging interface 64 first quick joint 641 pipeline 65 second quick joint 651 pipeline 70 charging gun 71 first fluid joint 72 second fluid joint 73 charging plug A charging station P external power supply

Claims (15)

A high power battery or capacitor module including a case, an electrolyte, an unpackaged battery cell, and a heat exchange device;
The case includes a chamber provided therein, and an inlet and an outlet in communication with the chamber;
The electrolyte may be charged into the chamber, enter the chamber through the inlet of the chamber, and exit the chamber through the outlet of the chamber.
The unpackaged battery cell is disposed in the chamber of the case and immersed in the electrolyte, and a first electrode disposed outside the case is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the battery cell. A second electrode disposed outside the case is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the battery cell;
The heat exchange device is connected to the inlet and the outlet of the case to form a fluid circulation space jointly sealed with the chamber, and after circulating the electrolyte out of the chamber through the outlet cyclically, Reducing the temperature of the electrolyte solution leaving the chamber and returning the temperature-reduced electrolyte solution from the inlet to the chamber;
A high power battery or capacitor module characterized by   The high-power battery or capacitor module according to claim 1, wherein the case is a rigid or flexible container.   Furthermore, the carrier concentration automatic equilibration device includes a detector for detecting the carrier concentration of the electrolyte solution, the first container for storing the electrolyte solution of high carrier concentration, and the electrolyte solution of low carrier concentration. A second container storing the first container, the first container, the second container, and the chamber, and the high carrier concentration electrolyte in the first container or the low carrier concentration electrolysis in the second container A transporter for selectively replenishing the liquid into the chamber, and an electrical connection to the detector and the transporter, based on the carrier concentration of the electrolyte in the chamber detected and acquired by the detector. Controlling the transport device to control the electrolytic solution having a high carrier concentration in the first container or the electrolytic solution having a low carrier concentration in the second container to be replenished into the chamber. The symptom, high power battery or capacitor module according to claim 1.   The battery further includes a charging device, the charging device is electrically connected to the external power supply, the first electrode, and the second electrode, and the charging device uses the power provided by the external power supply to the battery cell. The high-power battery or capacitor module according to claim 1 or 3, wherein charging is performed.   The heat exchange apparatus includes a heat exchanger and a pump, and the heat exchanger and the pump are connected to the inlet and the outlet of the case via a pipeline, and the pump is circulated After the electrolyte is discharged from the chamber through the outlet, the temperature of the electrolyte discharged from the chamber is decreased by the heat exchanger, and the electrolyte after temperature drop is returned to the chamber from the inlet. The high power battery or capacitor module according to claim 1.   The heat exchange apparatus is disposed at a charging station, the charging station includes a charging gun, the charging gun is provided with a first pipe joint and a second pipe joint, and the first pipe joint is connected to the inlet of the case And the second pipe joint is connected to the outlet of the case, and the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger of the heat exchange device are connected to the first pipe joint and the second pipe joint of the charging gun of the charging station The high-power battery or capacitor module according to claim 5, characterized in that: A high-power battery or capacitor module of a vehicle and a charging device therefor, including a case, an electrolyte, a battery cell not packaged, a heat exchange device, and a charging device;
The case includes a chamber provided therein, and an inlet and an outlet in communication with the chamber;
The electrolyte may be charged into the chamber, enter the chamber through the inlet of the chamber, and exit the chamber through the outlet of the chamber.
The unpackaged battery cell is disposed in the chamber of the case and immersed in the electrolyte, and a first electrode disposed outside the case is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the battery cell. A second electrode disposed outside the case is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the battery cell;
The heat exchange device is connected to the inlet and the outlet of the case to form a fluid circulation space jointly sealed with the chamber, and after circulating the electrolyte out of the chamber through the outlet cyclically, Reducing the temperature of the electrolyte solution leaving the chamber and returning the temperature-reduced electrolyte solution from the inlet to the chamber;
The charging device is electrically connected to an external power supply, the first electrode, and the second electrode, and charges the battery cell using power provided by the external power supply.
What is claimed is: 1. A high-power battery or capacitor module for a vehicle and a charging device therefor.   8. The high-power battery or capacitor module of a vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the case is a rigid or flexible container, and its charging device.   The heat exchange device includes a heat exchanger and a pump, and the heat exchanger and the pump are connected to the inlet and the outlet of the case via a pipe line, and the pump is cyclically through the outlet After the electrolyte is discharged from the chamber, the temperature of the electrolyte discharged from the chamber is decreased by the heat exchanger, and the temperature-dropped electrolyte is returned from the inlet to the chamber. A high-power battery or capacitor module for a vehicle according to claim 7, and a charging device therefor.   10. The heat exchanger according to claim 9, wherein the heat exchanger is installed at a front position of a vehicle, and the temperature of the electrolyte is lowered by air cooling or water cooling, and the electrolyte after temperature lowering is returned from the inlet into the chamber. High-power battery or capacitor module of the described vehicle and its charging device.   The heat exchange apparatus is disposed at a charging station, the charging station includes a charging gun, the charging gun is provided with a first pipe joint and a second pipe joint, and the first pipe joint is connected to the inlet of the case And the second pipe joint is connected to the outlet of the case, and the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger of the heat exchange device are connected to the first pipe joint and the second pipe joint of the charging gun of the charging station 10. The high-power battery or capacitor module of a vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that:   The apparatus further includes a carrier concentration automatic balancing apparatus disposed at the charging station, wherein the carrier concentration automatic balancing apparatus stores a detector for detecting the carrier concentration of the electrolyte in the chamber, and an electrolyte having a high carrier concentration. A first container, a second container for storing an electrolyte solution of low carrier concentration, and the first container and the second container are connected to the chamber through the first pipe joint and the second pipe joint. A transporter for selectively replenishing the chamber with the electrolyte of the high carrier concentration in the first container or the electrolyte of the low carrier concentration in the second container; electricity to the detector and the transporter Are controlled to control the transporter based on the carrier concentration of the electrolyte solution in the chamber detected and acquired by the detector to obtain high carrier concentration in the first container. The high-power battery or capacitor module of a vehicle according to claim 11, comprising: a control circuit for replenishing the chamber with the electrolytic solution of the above or the low carrier concentration electrolytic solution in the second container. And its charging device.   Furthermore, a carrier concentration automatic balancing device is included, wherein the carrier concentration automatic balancing device is a detector for detecting the carrier concentration of the electrolyte in the chamber, a first container for storing the high carrier concentration electrolyte, and a low carrier. A second container storing an electrolyte of a concentration, the first container, the second container, and the chamber, and the high carrier concentration electrolyte in the first container or the low carrier in the second container A transporter for selectively replenishing the electrolyte with a concentration to the chamber, a detector and the transporter are electrically connected to each other, and a carrier of the electrolyte in the chamber detected and acquired by the detector A control circuit for controlling the transport device based on the concentration to refill the chamber with the electrolyte of high carrier concentration in the first container or the electrolyte of low carrier concentration in the second container. , Characterized in that it comprises a high-power battery or capacitor module and the charging apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 7.   8. The high-power battery or capacitor module of a vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the charging device is installed at a charging station and connected to an electric main line serving as an external power source of the charging device. .   The high-power battery of a vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the charging device is installed in the vehicle and electrically connected to a generator of the vehicle, and the generator is used as an external power supply. Capacitor module and its charging device.

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