JP2019119899A - Cvt ring raw material, cvt ring member, and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a CVT ring raw material or the like capable of being provided at lower cost than a maraging steel, obtaining high strength property, and capable of stably conducting a nitriding treatment.SOLUTION: There is provided a CVT ring raw material containing C:0.30 mass% to 0.70 mass%, Si:over 0 mass% and 2.50 mass% or less, Mn:over 0 mass% and 1.00 mass% or less, Cr:1.00 mass% to 4.00 mass%, Mo:0.50 mass% to 3.00 mass%, V:over 0 mass% and 1.00 mass% or less, Al:over 0.060 mass% and 1.000 mass% or less, O:0.0020 mass% or less, and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities, and further having a chemical component satisfying a relationship of the formula 1. Formula 1:-0.9×[C]-1.3×[Si]+0.4×[V]+0.7×[Al]+9.4>6, wherein [C], [Si], [V] and [Al] represent content mass% of C, Si, V and Al respectively.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a CVT ring material and its manufacturing method premised on nitriding treatment, and a CVT ring member manufactured from the CVT ring material and its manufacturing method.

  There is a strong demand for reducing fuel consumption of automobiles from the viewpoint of environmental problems and the like, and belt-type continuously variable transmissions (hereinafter referred to as CVT as appropriate) advantageous for improving fuel consumption are frequently used in recent transmissions for automobiles. ing. A power transmission belt used for CVT is constructed by stacking a plurality of thin metal ring members into a plurality of CVT belts, and assembling a plurality of friction members called elements on the two CVT belts. It is done.

  The CVT belt is not in direct contact with the pulleys in the CVT, but rotates in a state of constituting a power transmission belt in which elements are assembled to transmit power, and is repeatedly subjected to tension and bending stress during the rotation. Therefore, it is necessary to use a material having excellent fatigue strength as the material of the ring member constituting the CVT belt.

  As ring members are required to have various properties such as strength and fatigue life, at present, maraging steel having very excellent properties in strength, fatigue life and the like is used as a steel material for CVT rings There is. However, maraging steel is very expensive because a large amount of expensive elements such as Ni (nickel), Mo (molybdenum) and Co (cobalt) are added.

  Therefore, as a result of intensive investigations, the applicants have developed a CVT ring member which is high in strength and excellent in fatigue life and can be provided at a lower cost than maraging steel (Patent Documents 1 and 2). These steels are inexpensive in material cost and satisfy the required characteristics. However, these steels contain an element such as C or Si that inhibits nitriding, so the range of optimum nitriding conditions is narrow, and the dispersion of the nitriding effect in mass production becomes large. I was concerned.

International Publication WO2015 / 087869 JP 2011-195861A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and can be provided at a lower cost than maraging steel, can obtain high strength characteristics, and can stably perform a nitriding process, and its production A method, a CVT ring member using the CVT material, and a method of manufacturing the same are provided.

One aspect of the present invention, C: 0.30% by mass or more and 0.70% by mass or less,
Si: more than 0 mass% and not more than 2.50 mass%,
Mn: more than 0 mass% and not more than 1.00 mass%,
Cr: 1.00 mass% or more and 4.00 mass% or less,
Mo: 0.50% by mass or more and 3.00% by mass or less,
V: more than 0% by mass 1.00% by mass or less
Al: more than 0.060 mass% and not more than 1.000 mass%,
O: not more than 0.0020% by mass,
A CVT ring material, the balance of which is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further having chemical components satisfying the relationship of Formula 1.
Formula 1: −0.9 × [C] −1.3 × [Si] + 0.4 × [V] + 0.7 × [Al] +9.4> 6 (where, [C], [Si], [V] and [Al] show the value of the content mass% of C, Si, V and Al, respectively.)

  Another aspect of the present invention is a CVT ring member in which a nitrided layer is formed on the surface of a base material made of the CVT ring material.

Yet another aspect of the present invention is a method of producing the above CVT ring material,
Prepare an ingot having the above chemical composition,
Plastically process the above ingot to produce a plate material;
Bending the plate material and welding the end faces to produce an endless belt-like rough ring material;
After softening and annealing the rough ring material, cold rolling is performed to prepare a ring material,
The method is a method for producing a CVT ring material, wherein the ring material is heated to 850 to 1000 ° C. and then quenched to be quenched.

Still another aspect of the present invention is to produce a CVT ring material by the above-mentioned production method,
A method of manufacturing a CVT ring member, wherein the CVT ring material is subjected to a nitriding treatment at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C.

  The CVT ring material has at least the specific chemical component. Thereby, excellent strength characteristics can be provided. Moreover, since the said CVT ring raw material has few content of an alloying element compared with maraging steel, material cost can be reduced. Therefore, a CVT ring member manufactured using the above-mentioned CVT ring material can be provided at low cost.

  Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the CVT ring raw material of said aspect, hardening treatment is performed on the said specific conditions to the ring material which has a chemical component of the said specific range. Thereby, the above-mentioned CVT ring material which has the outstanding fatigue life can be produced.

  In addition, according to the method for producing a CVT ring member of the above aspect, the formation state of the nitrided layer (surface hardened layer) obtained by the nitriding treatment on the CVT ring material can be stabilized, and high strength aimed at Characteristics and excellent fatigue life can be obtained.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the use condition of a CVT ring member in an Example.

The chemical composition of the CVT ring material is determined by a number of experiments based on the following concept.
(1) By not containing Ni and Co, and reducing the Mo content, the content of these expensive elements can be greatly reduced, and the raw material cost can be reduced.
(2) The strength of the product is secured by optimizing the content range of the elements that influence the strength characteristics, such as C, Si, Mo and the like.
(3) By optimizing the content range of Al and O, the nitriding property is secured by optimizing the Al content while suppressing the coarsening of Al ₂ O ₃ .
Below, the reason for limitation of each component range is further demonstrated.

C (carbon): 0.30% by mass or more and 0.70% by mass or less,
C is an element effective for strengthening, and in order to secure the strength necessary for the CVT ring member, the C content needs to be 0.30 mass% or more, and 0.45 mass% It is preferable to set it as the above. On the other hand, if C is added excessively, in addition to deteriorating the productivity, there is a possibility that the strength is reduced due to the formation of coarse carbides, so the C content is made 0.70 mass% or less.

Si (silicon): more than 0 mass% and not more than 2.50 mass%,
Si is contained as an unavoidable impurity even if it is not intentionally added in the manufacturing process of steel materials. On the other hand, Si is preferably added because it is an element effective for increasing the strength, but excessive addition may cause deterioration of the productivity and inhibition of the nitriding property, so the Si content is 2 .5 mass% or less.

Mn (manganese): more than 0 mass% and not more than 1.00 mass%,
Mn is contained as an unavoidable impurity, even if it is not intentionally added in the manufacturing process of steel materials. On the other hand, Mn is preferably added because it is an element effective for increasing the strength. However, since the cost is increased by the excessive addition, the Mn content is 1.00 mass% or less.

Cr (chromium): 1.00% by mass or more and 4.00% by mass or less,
Cr is an element not only effective for increasing the strength of steel materials, but also necessary for securing the nitriding property. In order to obtain such effects, the Cr content is 1.00% by mass or more, preferably 1.50% by mass or more. On the other hand, excessive addition of Cr not only has the possibility of a reduction in strength due to the promotion of formation of coarse carbides, but also increases the cost, so the Cr content is made 4.00 mass% or less.

Mo (molybdenum): 0.50% by mass or more and 3.00% by mass or less,
Mo is an element effective for increasing the strength of steel materials, and in order to obtain the effect thereof, 0.50 mass% or more is added. On the other hand, since it will cost up if Mo is added excessively, Mo content is made into 3.00 mass% or less.

V (vanadium): more than 0 mass% and not more than 1.00 mass%,
V is an element effective to increase the strength of the steel and is an element effective to improve the nitriding property, so V is added. On the other hand, when V is added excessively, the cost increases, so the V content is set to 1.00 mass or less.

Al (aluminum): more than 0.060 mass% and not more than 1.000 mass%,
Al is an element effective for improving the nitriding property, and in order to obtain the effect, it is added so as to exceed 0.060 mass%. On the other hand, excessive addition of Al causes coarse Al ₂ O ₃ to be formed, which may reduce the fatigue life. Therefore, the Al content is 1.000 mass or less.

O (oxygen): more than 0 mass% and not more than 0.0020 mass%,
O is included as an unavoidable impurity even if it is not intentionally added in the manufacturing process of steel materials. Since O combines with Al to form Al ₂ O ₃ and may reduce the fatigue life, the O content is made 0.0020 mass% or less.

Next, it is important that the chemical composition of the CVT ring material not only has the content range of each element within the above range, but also satisfies the formula 1.
Formula 1 is −0.9 × [C] −1.3 × [Si] + 0.4 × [V] + 0.7 × [Al] +9.4> 6 (where, [C], [Si] , [V] and [Al] respectively represent the values of the content% by mass of C, Si, V and Al. By satisfying the formula 1, the nitriding property can be further improved, and a stable nitriding treatment can be realized. When the value on the left side of Formula 1 is 6 or less, it is difficult to stably carry out the nitriding treatment, and the hardness variation of the nitrided layer may be increased.

Next, in the method of manufacturing the CVT ring material, as described above, an ingot having the chemical component is prepared,
Plastically process the above ingot to produce a plate material;
Bending the plate material and welding the end faces to produce an endless belt-like rough ring material;
After softening and annealing the rough ring material, cold rolling is performed to prepare a ring material,
The ring material is heated to 850 to 1000 ° C. and then quenched to carry out quenching treatment.

  In the above manufacturing method, as plastic working at the time of producing a plate material from an ingot, it is possible to apply various known plastic working methods such as hot rolling, hot forging, cold rolling, cold forging, etc. It is possible. Usually, after hot working, cold working is performed to prepare a plate material. In addition, it is preferable to remove the black hide (oxide film) produced | generated on the board | plate material surface by hot processing before cold working. Black skin removal can be performed, for example, by mechanical processing such as peeling or pickling.

  A rough ring material can be produced by bending the above-mentioned plate material and forming it into a ring shape and then performing butt welding of the end faces. For bending, known methods such as roll bending can be applied, for example. For welding, known methods such as plasma welding and laser welding can be applied.

  The rough ring material can also be manufactured from a plate having a width corresponding to one CVT ring member. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of process rationalization, it is also possible to weld a wide plate material corresponding to a plurality of CVT ring members in a tubular shape and cut the pipe to a desired width to produce a rough ring material. In this case, it is preferable to deburr the cut surface by barrel polishing or the like after the cutting.

  By subjecting the rough ring material thus obtained to the softening and annealing treatment, it is possible to remove the thermal influence due to welding and to improve the rollability at the time of cold rolling. Thereafter, the rough ring material is cold-rolled to obtain a ring material having a desired thickness. The thickness of the ring material at this time is substantially the same as the thickness of the CVT ring material and the CVT ring member to be finally obtained.

  A CVT ring material can be obtained by heating the ring material prepared by the above-described method or the like to 850 to 1000 ° C. and then quenching it to carry out quenching treatment. By setting the heating temperature in the quenching treatment to 850 ° C. or more, it becomes possible to austenitize the CVT ring material. On the other hand, when the heating temperature exceeds 1000 ° C., coarsening of crystal grains may cause a decrease in the strength of the CVT ring material and the CVT ring member. From the viewpoint of avoiding this problem, the heating temperature in the quenching process is set to 1000 ° C. or less.

  If it is difficult to correct distortion and adjust the circumferential length after the above-described quenching, tempering may be performed on the ring material as needed. The heating temperature in the tempering treatment can be in the range of 150 to 250 ° C. or 400 to 500 ° C. Since the heating temperature in the tempering treatment is in the range of 250 to 400 ° C., the material may be embrittled, so the temperature in the above-mentioned range is selected.

  In addition, after the quenching or tempering treatment is completed, if necessary, a correction process for removing distortion caused by these treatments, and a circumference for adjusting the circumferential length of the CVT ring material to a desired range Length adjustment may be performed. These processes may be performed as separate processes, or may be performed as one process combining correction process and circumferential length adjustment.

  Thereafter, the CVT ring material is subjected to a nitriding treatment at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C. to form a nitrided layer on the surface of the CVT ring material, whereby a CVT ring member can be manufactured. The nitrided layer is a surface-hardened layer having a high nitrogen content and improved hardness compared to the base material as compared to the base material.

  By setting the treatment temperature in the nitriding treatment to the above specific range, the surface hardness of the nitrided layer (surface hardened layer) on the surface of the CVT ring member can be made in an appropriate range. If the treatment temperature is less than 400 ° C., the surface hardness of the nitrided layer may be insufficient, which may lead to a decrease in the fatigue life of the CVT ring member. On the other hand, when the treatment temperature exceeds 500 ° C., excessive nitriding occurs, and the surface hardness of the nitrided layer may be too high. As a result, the CVT ring member may be embrittled to reduce the fatigue life.

  The surface hardness of the surface hardened layer of the CVT ring member is preferably 800 to 1000 HV. In addition, as nitriding treatment, various gases such as gas nitriding, soft nitriding, salt bath nitriding, plasma nitriding and the like which are carried out in the atmosphere of nitrogen alone or nitrogen compound single gas such as ammonia, or mixed gas containing these nitrogen compounds. The method can be applied.

Example 1
Examples of the CVT ring material and the method of manufacturing the same, and the CVT ring member and the method of manufacturing the same will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the CVT ring member 1 of this example is used as a component which comprises the power transmission belt 3 in CVT. The power transmission belt 3 has a number of elements 2 and two sets of CVT belts 10 assembled to the elements 2. The CVT belt 10 is composed of a plurality of CVT ring members 1 stacked on one another.

  The production method of the CVT ring material and the CVT ring member of this example will be described in detail below.

  First, a 30 kg VIM (Vacuum Induction Melting) apparatus was used to produce an ingot having the chemical components shown in Table 1. The obtained ingot was subjected to forging processing to prepare a plate having a thickness of 7 mm, a width of 155 mm, and a length of 300 mm. After removing the black hide present on the plate surface by machining, it was cold rolled to a size of 0.42 mm in thickness, 200 mm in width, and 500 mm in length. The rolled plate was cut into a length of about 300 mm, and the plate was subjected to roll bending to form a tubular shape, and the end faces were butt-welded by plasma welding. The obtained tube was cut into a width of 5 to 15 mm to obtain a rough ring material having a circumferential length of 300 mm.

  Thereafter, the rough ring material was polished by barrel polishing to remove cutting burrs. Furthermore, after softening and annealing by heat treatment, cold rolling was performed to a thickness of 0.20 mm. In addition, the heating temperature in a softening annealing process was 860 degreeC, holding time was 2 hours, and it annealed. The rolled ring material thus obtained was subjected to quenching and tempering. Quenching was performed under the condition that the ring material was held at 950 ° C. for 60 minutes and then air cooled. Further, tempering was performed under the condition that the ring material was maintained at 425 ° C. for one hour.

  Thereafter, the ring material was subjected to circumferential length adjustment that also served as a correction process to produce a CVT ring material. Although not shown in the drawings, in adjustment of the circumferential length, the ring material was passed between a pair of rollers, and the ring material was rotated while applying tension in a direction to extend the distance between the rollers.

After adjusting the circumferential length, the CVT ring material was subjected to a nitriding treatment at a nitriding temperature of 425 ° C. In this example, the CVT ring material is nitrided by holding the CVT ring material at the above specific nitriding temperature in a mixed gas of NH ₃ and H ₂ to form a nitrided layer on the surface of the CVT ring material as a base material ( A surface hardened layer was formed. By the above, CVT ring members (samples 1 to 21) shown in Table 1 were obtained.

  The surface hardness of the CVT ring member (material), the nitriding property (variation in nitriding), and the fatigue life of the above-described test bodies were evaluated by the following methods.

<Surface hardness and nitriding characteristics>
For confirmation of surface hardness and nitriding properties, the CVT ring member is divided into eight in the longitudinal direction and cut into eight strip-like test pieces, and the outermost surface of the test pieces is microvickers (load: 100 g) in total of 40 points. It measured and derived | led-out the standard deviation (sigma) (henceforth nitriding variation) and average hardness (henceforth surface hardness). The standard deviation σ was determined to be 60 or less as a pass “o”, and those exceeding 60 were determined as a rejection “x”. Average hardness made 800HV-1000HV the pass "(circle)."

<Fatigue life>
The fatigue life was evaluated using a fatigue tester (not shown) having a plurality of rollers. The fatigue testing machine is configured to be able to apply bending stress repeatedly while applying tension to a test body stretched over a plurality of rollers by rotating the rollers. Assuming that the number of cycles of bending stress applied before the specimen breaks is the fatigue life, and the average number of cycles of fatigue life when the current product maraging steel is evaluated is 1 × 10 ⁶ as a reference number. Passes "○" or more than the reference number of times, and rejection "x" less than the reference number of times.

  As shown in Table 1, Samples 1 to 10 corresponding to the Examples have the chemical components in the specific range and satisfy Formula 1, so that the variation in nitriding is small and the surface hardness is good. And the fatigue life characteristics are also excellent. Therefore, it can be understood that samples 1 to 10 can be sufficiently used as a substitute for the current product maraging steel.

On the other hand, in the samples 11 to 21 corresponding to the comparative example, at least one of the nitriding variation, the surface hardness, and the fatigue life resulted in failure.
Sample 11 had a lower fatigue life than maraging steel because the C content was less than the above-mentioned specific range.
Since the content of C was more than the said specific range, the sample 12 also resulted in a fatigue life inferior to maraging steel in this case.

Since the content of Si was larger than the said specific range, the sample 13 became a result of surface hardness becoming lower than maraging steel, and a fatigue life becoming inferior.
The sample 14 had a fatigue life inferior to that of maraging steel because the content of Mn was larger than the above-mentioned specific range.

Sample 15 had a lower fatigue life than maraging steel because the content of Cr was less than the above-mentioned specific range.
Since the content of Cr of sample 16 was larger than the above-mentioned specific range, in this case, the fatigue life was inferior to maraging steel.

Sample 17 had a lower fatigue life than maraging steel because the content of Mo was smaller than the above-mentioned specific range.
In Sample 18, the content of Al was smaller than the above-mentioned specific range, and as a result, the variation in nitriding became large.

Sample 19 had a lower fatigue life than maraging steel because the content of Al was larger than the above-mentioned specific range.
The sample 20 had a fatigue life inferior to that of maraging steel because the content of O was larger than the above-mentioned specific range.

  Since the sample 21 did not satisfy the formula 1, all of the nitriding variation, the surface hardness and the fatigue life were rejected.

1 CVT ring member 10 CVT belt 2 element 3 Power transmission belt

Claims (5)

C: 0.30% by mass or more and 0.70% by mass or less,
Si: more than 0 mass% and not more than 2.50 mass%,
Mn: more than 0 mass% and not more than 1.00 mass%,
Cr: 1.00 mass% or more and 4.00 mass% or less,
Mo: 0.50% by mass or more and 3.00% by mass or less,
V: more than 0% by mass 1.00% by mass or less
Al: more than 0.060 mass% and not more than 1.000 mass%,
O: not more than 0.0020% by mass,
A CVT ring material, the balance of which is composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and further having a chemical component satisfying the relationship of Formula 1.
Formula 1: −0.9 × [C] −1.3 × [Si] + 0.4 × [V] + 0.7 × [Al] +9.4> 6 (where, [C], [Si], [V] and [Al] show the value of the content mass% of C, Si, V and Al, respectively.)   A CVT ring member, wherein a nitrided layer is formed on the surface of a base material made of the CVT ring material according to claim 1. A method of manufacturing a CVT ring material according to claim 1, wherein
Prepare an ingot having the above chemical composition,
Plastically process the above ingot to produce a plate material;
Bending the plate material and welding the end faces to produce an endless belt-like rough ring material;
After softening and annealing the rough ring material, cold rolling is performed to prepare a ring material,
A method for producing a CVT ring material, wherein the ring material is heated to 850 to 1000 ° C. and then quenched for quenching.   The manufacturing method of the CVT ring raw material of Claim 3 which heats the said ring material in the range of 150-250 degreeC or 400-500 degreeC, and temper-treats after completion | finish of the said hardening process. A CVT ring material is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to claim 3 or 4;
A method for producing a CVT ring member, wherein the CVT ring material is subjected to a nitriding treatment at a temperature of 400 to 500 ° C.

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