JP2019117753A - Storage battery system and power system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a storage battery system and a power system, in which replacement of storage battery cells, and the like can be performed on a storage battery cell basis.SOLUTION: A storage battery system 1A includes: a storage battery unit 11 in which a plurality of storage battery cells 12 connected to each other in at least one of a parallel mode and a serial mode are arranged in parallel along a Z direction; and a storage battery management unit 30 having a movable portion 31 movably provided along the Z direction. The movable portion 31 performs at least one of installation, removal and replacement for each storage battery cell 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery system and a power system.

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, utilization of storage batteries has been advanced as an electric power system that contributes to CO ₂ reduction, such as improvement in fuel efficiency in moving objects or improvement in operation rate in renewable energy generation. Since the storage battery charges and discharges energy by electrochemical action, the electromotive force of the unit cell is as low as several volts. Therefore, in the application to the power system, a method of increasing the voltage and capacity by connecting a large number of unit cells (storage battery cells) in series and in parallel is used.

JP, 2012-182911, A

  In a system in which a large number of storage battery cells are connected in series and in parallel, a plurality of storage battery cells are configured as one storage battery module, and storage batteries are attached, removed or replaced (hereinafter referred to as replacement etc.). It is common to carry out in module units. However, in such a method, storage battery cells that do not need to be replaced are also collectively replaced and the like, and there is a problem that economic efficiency is inferior.

  This invention is made in view of such a problem, and it aims at providing the storage battery system and electric power system which can perform exchange of a storage battery cell etc. in a storage battery cell unit.

  In order to solve the problems described above, a storage battery system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a storage battery in which a plurality of storage battery cells connected to each other in at least one of parallel and series are juxtaposed along a first direction. And a storage battery management unit having a movable portion movably provided along the first direction. The movable part performs at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement for each storage battery cell. According to such a storage battery system, replacement of storage battery cells can be performed in units of storage battery cells.

  In the storage battery system described above, the storage battery unit may have a plurality of holders for holding the storage battery cells individually in a detachable manner. Thereby, exchange of a storage battery cell etc. can be easily performed per storage battery cell.

  In the storage battery system described above, each holder may have a mechanism for laying each storage battery cell horizontally and leaving it stationary and preventing dust from being deposited on the terminal portion of each storage battery cell. Thereby, when the storage battery system is placed in an environment with a large amount of dust, etc., accumulation of dust on the terminals of the storage battery cells can be prevented, and migration due to the accumulation of dust can be reduced.

  In the storage battery system described above, a plurality of storage battery units may be provided side by side in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the movable portion may move between gaps of storage battery units adjacent to each other. Thereby, the number of storage battery cells can be increased to increase the maximum current that can be output. Also in such a large-scale storage battery system, the movable part can easily access the individual storage battery cells.

  The above storage battery system further includes a system housing having a storage battery storage space in which a plurality of storage battery units are provided, and a management unit storage space provided in the first direction along with the storage battery storage space and housing a management unit. The storage battery storage space is open toward the management unit storage space, and the movable portion may intrude into the gap of the storage battery unit from the management unit storage space. Thereby, a movable part can access an individual storage battery cell easily.

  In the storage battery system described above, when the storage battery management unit is used, the storage battery management unit may be inserted into the management unit accommodation space from the outside of the battery system. The storage battery management unit is equipped with functions that are not always necessary such as attachment, removal, replacement, and inspection of storage battery cells, so it can be separated from the system chassis to reduce the life cycle cost of the entire system. it can.

  The storage battery system described above may further include a partition wall disposed between the plurality of storage battery units and partitioning installation spaces of the storage battery units adjacent to each other, and the partition wall may include the insulating member. When a plurality of storage battery units are connected in series with each other, a large potential difference is generated between the storage battery units. When a plurality of storage battery units are juxtaposed in the storage battery storage space, the storage battery units having different potentials are arranged adjacent to each other. By arranging the partition wall including the insulating member between the plurality of storage battery units, sufficient insulation between adjacent storage battery units can be secured. Moreover, it becomes possible to narrow the space | interval of an adjacent storage battery unit, and to miniaturize a storage battery system.

  In the above storage battery system, the movable portion further includes a support member supporting a mechanism for performing at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement of each storage battery cell, and the support member excludes the movable portion of the storage battery management unit It may be insulated with respect to other parts. Thereby, when a movable part intrudes into storage battery storage space, a supporting member and its mounting apparatus become the same potential as a storage battery cell which contacts. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an abnormal ground fault current from flowing to the other parts of the storage battery management unit.

  In the storage battery system described above, the first direction may be a vertical direction, one of the pair of terminals may be all at the same potential, and the other of the pair of terminals may be all at the same potential. Thereby, even when a certain storage battery cell falls off and falls, the possibility of causing the breakdown inside the system can be suppressed.

  The above storage battery system further includes a pair of conductive members whose longitudinal direction is the first direction, one of the conductive members is electrically connected to one of the pair of terminals, and the other conductive member is the other of the pair of terminals It may be electrically connected. Thereby, a plurality of storage battery cells can be connected in parallel with a simple configuration.

  In the storage battery system described above, the pair of conductive members are rod-shaped extending in the first direction, one conductive member supports one end of each storage battery cell, and the other conductive member supports the other end of each storage battery cell May be Thereby, a plurality of storage battery cells juxtaposed along the first direction can be supported with a simple configuration.

  In the above storage battery system, the movable portion and the pair of conductive members may have a fitting mechanism for positioning the movable portion and the pair of conductive members. Thereby, the movable portion can be stabilized against the reaction force when attaching or detaching the storage battery cell.

  In the storage battery system described above, the movable portion may further include a pair of movable electrodes in contact with a pair of terminals of each storage battery for checking each storage battery cell. Thereby, inspection of a storage battery cell can be performed per storage battery cell.

  In the storage battery system described above, the pair of movable electrodes may contact the pair of terminals while insulating the storage battery cell to be inspected from the storage battery unit. As a result, the storage battery cells to be checked can be electrically isolated, and the storage battery cells can be diagnosed without being affected by the voltage state and the charging state of other storage battery cells in a parallel relationship.

  In the above storage battery system, each of the pair of movable electrodes has a plate shape having a first surface contacting the storage battery cell to be inspected and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the second The surface may be covered by an insulator. Thereby, with a simple configuration, the storage battery cell to be checked can be contacted with the pair of terminals while being isolated from the storage battery unit.

  In the storage battery system described above, the storage battery management unit may further include a control unit that controls the pair of movable electrodes based on the voltage of the storage battery cell obtained from the pair of movable electrodes. The storage battery cell to be measured is connected in parallel with other storage battery cells before insertion of the movable electrode, but is electrically separated when the movable electrode is inserted, and becomes an independent single storage battery cell. Therefore, the voltage change of the storage battery cell is larger than that before the insertion of the movable electrode. Therefore, based on the voltage change of the storage battery cell, it can be determined whether or not the storage battery cell to be measured is electrically separated from other storage battery cells.

  In the storage battery system described above, the control unit may complete the movement of the pair of movable electrodes when the voltage of the storage battery cell falls below a threshold. Thus, the movement of the pair of movable electrodes can be stopped at an appropriate position.

  In the storage battery system described above, the movable part may have a manipulator mechanism for gripping the storage battery cell. Thereby, exchange of a storage battery cell etc. can be performed certainly. In this case, the manipulator mechanism may have at least three openable and closable fingers holding the storage battery cell. Thereby, replacement of the storage battery cell can be performed more reliably.

  An electric power system according to an embodiment of the present invention is an electric power system in which a plurality of system housings of the storage battery system described above are juxtaposed, and management unit accommodation spaces of adjacent system housings are in communication with each other. The storage battery management unit has a mechanism for moving in the communication direction of the management unit accommodation space. According to this power system, even when a large number of system chassis are connected, the storage battery management unit can be made common to reduce the introduction cost.

  According to the storage battery system and the power system of the present invention, replacement of storage battery cells can be performed in units of storage battery cells.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a storage battery system 1A according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the detailed configuration of each storage battery unit 11. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a detailed configuration of storage battery block 13. (A)-(f) of FIG. 4 is sectional drawing which shows the example of the structure which fixes the two electrically-conductive members 14 to mutually adjacent | abut. (A)-(d) of FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view which shows the example of the structure for reducing the electrical resistance between the two electrically-conductive members 14 to mutually adjacent | abut. FIG. 6A is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the holder 141 in detail. (B) of FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of (a) of FIG. FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing an example of a mechanism for preventing the accumulation of dust on the terminal portion of each storage battery cell 12. FIG.7 (b) is a perspective view which shows another example of the mechanism which prevents that dust accumulates on the terminal part of each storage battery cell 12. As shown in FIG. (A)-(c) of FIG. 8 is a figure which shows the example of the structure which fixes the storage battery unit 11 in the storage battery storage space 21 of the system housing | casing 20. As shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a detailed configuration of the control unit accommodation space 23. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the detailed configuration of the storage battery management unit 30. As shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the movable portion 31 in an enlarged manner. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation of the manipulator mechanism 36 when the storage battery cell 12 is removed from the holder 141. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an operation of the manipulator mechanism 36 when attaching the storage battery cell 12 to the holder 141. In FIG. 14, instead of the protrusion 14 d of the conductive member 14 and the fixing hole 35 a of the support member 35 shown in FIG. 11, the support member 35 is provided with a pair of protrusions 35 b and a fixing hole 14 e in the conductive member 14. It is a figure which shows an example. FIG. 15 is a view conceptually showing a power system 1B according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a configuration for inspection (diagnosis) of storage battery cell 12 which storage battery management unit 30 has. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration for inspection (diagnosis) of storage battery cell 12 which storage battery management unit 30 has. FIG. 18 is a detailed view of the support member 35 for realizing the function of diagnosing the storage battery cell 12. (A) of FIG. 19 is an exploded perspective view of a conductive member 14A according to a modification. FIG. 19B is a view showing the manufacturing process of the conductive member 14A. FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a storage battery unit 11A according to another modification.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a storage battery system and a power system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a storage battery system 1A according to an embodiment of the present invention. An XYZ coordinate system is shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of understanding. The Z direction is a first direction in the present embodiment, and is along the height direction of the storage battery system 1A. The X direction is a second direction in the present embodiment. In one example, the Z direction is vertical and the X and Y directions are horizontal. The X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction cross each other, and in one example are orthogonal. As shown in FIG. 1, the storage battery system 1A includes a storage battery module 10, a system housing 20, and a storage battery management unit 30.

  The storage battery module 10 is configured to include a plurality of storage battery units 11. The plurality of storage battery units 11 are provided side by side in a direction (for example, an X direction) intersecting the Z direction. Each storage battery unit 11 has a plate shape extending along the YZ plane, and includes a plurality of storage battery cells 12. In each storage battery unit 11, the plurality of storage battery cells 12 are connected to each other in at least one of parallel and series, and are juxtaposed two-dimensionally along the Y direction and the Z direction. In one example, hundreds of storage battery cells 12 are provided per storage battery unit 11.

  System housing 20 stores and fixes storage battery module 10 inside. The system housing 20 has, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has three layers divided in the Z direction. The lowest tier is a management unit accommodation space 22 that accommodates the storage battery management unit 30. The uppermost hierarchy is a control unit accommodation space 23 that accommodates a control unit (not described) (not described). The middle tier is a storage battery storage space 21 for storing the storage battery module 10. Therefore, the storage battery storage space 21 is sandwiched between the management unit storage space 22 and the control unit storage space 23, and the management unit storage space 22 is provided in line with the storage battery storage space 21 in the Z direction. The storage battery storage space 21, the management unit storage space 22, and the control unit storage space 23 have a rectangular shape when viewed from the Z direction, and four of the four corners extend in the height direction over the spaces 21 to 23. Members 20a to 20d are provided. A mounting plate 24 for mounting the control unit is provided between the storage battery storage space 21 and the control unit storage space 23. On the other hand, no member is provided between the storage battery storage space 21 and the management unit storage space 22, and the storage battery storage space 21 is opened toward the management unit storage space 22 in the Z direction. Note that, as a modification, the management unit accommodation space 22 may be provided in the uppermost hierarchy and the control unit accommodation space 23 may be provided in the lowermost hierarchy.

  The four side surfaces of the storage battery storage space 21 are all covered by side plates (not shown). The storage battery module 10 that generates heat due to charge and discharge is stored inside the storage battery storage space 21. However, the side wall of the storage battery storage space 21 is covered with a side plate and an opening is provided on the upper and lower surfaces to provide a chimney structure using natural convection Thus, the storage battery module 10 can be cooled. Spaces 22 and 23 located above and below the storage battery storage space 21 function as an air path that promotes the introduction and discharge of air for cooling with the outside of the system housing 20.

  The storage battery management unit 30 performs at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement of each storage battery cell 12. In one example, storage battery management unit 30 can perform all the attachment, removal, and replacement of each storage battery cell 12. Further, the storage battery management unit 30 contacts a pair of terminals of each storage battery cell 12 for inspection (diagnosis) of each storage battery cell 12. As will be described later, the storage battery management unit 30 can contact the pair of terminals of each storage battery cell 12 while insulating it from the storage battery unit 11 to which the storage battery cell 12 belongs.

  Storage battery management unit 30 is normally stored in a state separated from system housing 20, and a management unit from the outside of storage battery system 1A when attachment, removal, replacement, or inspection of storage battery cell 12 is required. It is inserted into the housing space 22 and fixed to the system housing 20. Since storage battery management unit 30 has functions such as attachment, removal, replacement, and inspection of storage battery cell 12 that are not usually necessary, it can be separated from system housing 20, thereby achieving the entire system life cycle Cost can be reduced. In addition, since the charge / discharge capacity of the storage battery module 10 is limited, an operation in which a high load state continues is rare, and heat generation of the storage battery module 10 proceeds over a long time, for example, several hours. Therefore, even if the storage battery management unit 30 is temporarily inserted into the management unit accommodation space 22, the increase in pressure loss of the air passage does not immediately cause an abnormal increase in the temperature of the storage battery module 10.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the detailed configuration of each storage battery unit 11. In addition, in FIG. 2, a part of storage battery unit 11 is decomposed | disassembled and shown in FIG. 2 for understanding. The storage battery unit 11 includes two or more (seven in FIG. 2) storage battery blocks 13. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a detailed configuration of storage battery block 13.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each storage battery block 13 includes a plurality of storage battery cells 12 juxtaposed in the Z direction and electrically connected in parallel, and a pair of conductive members 14 having the Z direction as a longitudinal direction. Have. The pair of conductive members 14 are straight rod-like metal members, and support the plurality of storage battery cells 12. In each storage battery block 13, the plurality of storage battery cells 12 are placed so that the axes thereof extend along the same direction (for example, the Y direction). One ends of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 are arranged so that the Y-direction positions are aligned with each other, and are supported by one of the conductive members 14. The other ends of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 are arranged so that the Y-direction positions are aligned with each other, and are supported by the other conductive member 14. That is, the plurality of storage battery cells 12 and the pair of conductive members 14 are combined in a substantially ladder shape. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of holders 141 aligned in the Z direction is attached to each conductive member 14. Each holder 141 holds each storage battery cell 12 in a detachable manner. For example, the holder 141 shown in FIG. 3 has a U-shaped XZ cross section opened vertically upward, and the storage battery cells 12 are held by the end of each storage battery cell 12 being accommodated in the holder 141 Ru. Storage battery cell 12 has a cylindrical appearance, and its central axis is set in a holder 141 along the Y-axis direction (horizontal direction). The storage battery cell 12 has a positive electrode at one end in the central axis direction and a negative electrode at the other end in the central axis direction.

  Further, one terminal (positive terminal) of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 is in contact (pressure contact) with the pressure contact electrode 141a (see FIG. 3) fixed to the one conductive member 14, and the one side is connected via the pressure contact electrode 141a. Are electrically connected to the conductive member 14 of FIG. Similarly, the other terminals (negative terminals) of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 make contact (pressure contact) with the pressure contact electrode 141a fixed to the other conductive member 14, and the other conductive member 14 and the pressure contact electrode 141a Electrically connected. As a result, all the terminals of one of the pair of terminals of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 are at the same potential, and the other terminals are all at the same potential, and the plurality of storage battery cells 12 are electrically connected in parallel.

  Each storage battery unit 11 is fixed to the storage battery storage space 21 in a state where two or more storage battery blocks 13 (see FIG. 2) belonging to the storage battery unit 11 stand in the Z direction. Further, the terminals of each of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 of each storage battery block 13 are all at the same potential as described above. Therefore, for example, even if the storage battery cell 12 drops out of the holder 141 and falls vertically downward, and the storage battery cell 12 contacts the conductive member 14 or the like, there is a possibility of causing dielectric breakdown inside the system. It can be suppressed.

  When the storage battery cells 12 are in pressure contact with the pressure-contact electrodes 141 a, stresses are generated in the pair of conductive members 14 in an attempt to be separated from each other. As a structure to counter this, a plurality of support members 143 as spacers for maintaining the distance between the pair of conductive members 14 are provided. The support member 143 has a cylindrical shape extending in the Y direction, and is provided side by side with the storage battery cell 12 in the Z direction. Both ends of the support member 143 are fastened and fixed to the opposing conductive members 14 by screws 144, respectively. The screw 144 is inserted from the outside of the storage battery block 13 into the hole 14 a formed in the conductive member 14 and screwed into the screw hole formed at the end of the support member 143. Thereby, the distortion which arises in the electrically-conductive member 14 by stress is reduced, the dispersion | variation in the pressure contact strength of the storage battery cell 12 can be suppressed, and the increase in contact resistance can be suppressed. Note that the conductive member 14 is resistant to strain by making the cross-sectional shape of the conductive member 14 not L-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped, C-shaped, or tubular in combination with (or in place of the supporting member 143) the supporting member 143. Can increase the strength of

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the storage battery unit 11, two or more (seven in FIG. 2 are illustrated) storage battery blocks 13 are electrically connected in series. Specifically, these storage battery blocks 13 are arranged side by side in the Y direction (axial direction of storage battery cell 12), and one (positive side) conductive member 14 of each storage battery block 13 and the adjacent storage battery block 13 are arranged. The other (negative side) conductive members 14 are in contact with each other. The conductive members 14 adjacent to each other are fixed by the fasteners 15. Therefore, the external appearance of the storage battery unit 11 has a substantially flat plate shape in which a plurality of storage battery cells 12 in which the directions of the positive and negative terminals are aligned in one direction are arranged in a grid. In order to fix the conductive members 14 adjacent to each other, soldering, ultrasonic welding, spot welding or the like may be used in combination with the fastener 15 (or in place of the fastener 15).

  In such a configuration, it is important to reduce series resistance in the contact portion between the conductive members 14 and to suppress electrical loss. Therefore, it is desirable to secure a sufficient contact area between the conductive members 14. At least the contact portion between the conductive members 14 may be subjected to a surface treatment, such as a conductive paste, for promoting the conductivity of the conductive members 14.

  A resin cover 18 for insulation is attached to the conductive members 14 located at both ends of the storage battery unit 11 in the Y direction. The resin cover 18 is a straight rod-like insulating member whose longitudinal direction is the Z direction, and its XY cross section is substantially U-shaped, and covers the conductive member 14 from the outside of the storage battery unit 11. Thereby, an unexpected short circuit of the conductive member 14 can be prevented. The resin cover 18 has an opening 18a, and the lead-out electrode 16 for external wiring is electrically connected to the conductive member 14 through the wiring passing through the opening 18a. Furthermore, the resin cover 18 has a hole 18 b (or a tap) for fixing to the system housing 20.

  Each conductive member 14 located at both ends and in the middle of the storage battery block 13 is electrically connected to the cell voltage connector 19 through a wire. The cell voltage connector 19 is connected to a cell controller (described later) provided in the control unit accommodation space 23 as necessary. In addition, storage battery unit 11 further includes temperature sensor 17. The temperature sensor 17 is attached to one (or two or more) storage battery cells 12 representative of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 of the storage battery unit 11, and detects the temperature of the storage battery cell 12. The temperature sensor 17 is connected to the temperature connector 17a via a wire. The temperature connector 17 a is connected to a cell controller provided in the control unit accommodation space 23 as necessary.

  According to the storage battery unit 11 having the above configuration, it is possible to share parts with the storage battery block 13 as a basic element, and to facilitate management of the parts.

  (A)-(f) of FIG. 4 is sectional drawing which shows the example of the structure which fixes the two electrically-conductive members 14 to mutually adjacent | abut. In the example shown to (a) and (b) of FIG. 4, the two electrically-conductive members 14 are fixed using the fastener 15 mentioned above. In (a) of FIG. 4, two substantially U-shaped or C-shaped conductive members 14 are in contact at their back faces with their opening directions facing each other. In (b) of FIG. 4, two substantially U-shaped or C-shaped conductive members 14 are in contact at their edges with their opening directions facing each other. In FIGS. 4A and 4B, the band-like fasteners 15 are wound so as to surround the two conductive members 14 at one time, and both ends of the fasteners 15 face each other with a gap. And are mutually fixed via screws 151. By tightening the screw 151, the gap between both ends can be reduced to increase the degree of adhesion between the two conductive members 14.

  In (c) of FIG. 4, two substantially U-shaped or substantially C-shaped conductive members 14 are in contact at their back faces with their opening directions facing each other. In (d) of FIG. 4, two substantially U-shaped or C-shaped conductive members 14 are in contact at their edges with their opening directions inward. In (c) and (d) of FIG. 4, the two conductive members 14 are fixed to each other by welding. That is, welds 152 joined to the respective conductive members 14 are formed at positions adjacent to or between the two conductive members 14 or the contact interface. Thus, the two conductive members 14 can be firmly fixed, and the electrical resistance between the two conductive members 14 can be reduced.

  In (e) of FIG. 4, two substantially U-shaped or C-shaped conductive members 14 are in contact with each other with their opening directions facing each other. And two conductive members 14 are mutually fixed by fastener 153, such as a screw which penetrates a contact portion in the direction which intersects a contact interface of two conductive members 14. In (f) of FIG. 4, two substantially U-shaped or C-shaped conductive members 14 are combined such that the opening direction is directed inward and the side plate portions are alternately arranged, and the side plate portions are in contact with each other doing. And two conductive members 14 are mutually fixed by fastener 153, such as a screw which penetrates a side plate part in the direction which intersects the contact interface of side plate parts. In the example shown in (e) and (f) of FIG. 4, when the fastener 153 is a screw, a hole for passing the fastener 153 is formed in one of the conductive members 14 and the other conductive member 14 is formed. Is tapped for screwing with the fastener 153.

  In the storage battery block 13, the maximum amount of current that can be output can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of storage battery cells 12. When the maximum amount of current that can be output is changed, the maximum amount of current flowing through the conductive member 14 also changes. When the maximum amount of current increases, it is desirable to increase the conductivity between two adjacent conductive members 14. However, changing the shape of the conductive member 14 according to the number of storage battery cells 12 leads to an increase in the type of the conductive member 14 and is not economical. Then, it is possible to make the shape of the conductive member 14 common and to add an auxiliary conductive member.

  (A)-(d) of FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view which shows the example of the structure for reducing the electrical resistance between the two electrically-conductive members 14 to mutually adjacent | abut. In the example shown in (a) to (c) of FIG. 5, two substantially U-shaped or approximately C-shaped conductive members 14 are in contact at their edges with their opening directions facing each other. Then, the conductive auxiliary member is disposed in the space generated between the two conductive members 14.

  The conductive support member 146 shown in FIG. 5A is a straight rectangular tubular metal member sandwiched between two conductive members 14. The conductive auxiliary member 146 has side surfaces facing each other, and contacts one conductive member 14 on one side and contacts the other conductive member 14 on the other side. The conductive auxiliary member 147 shown in (b) of FIG. 5 is a corrugated plate-like metal member sandwiched between two conductive members 14. The conductive auxiliary member 147 has a front surface and a rear surface, and intermittently contacts one of the conductive members 14 on the front surface and intermittently contacts the other conductive member 14 on the rear surface. The conductive auxiliary member 148 shown in (c) of FIG. 5 is a spiral metal member sandwiched between two conductive members 14. The conductive auxiliary member 148 intermittently contacts the two conductive members 14.

  Further, in the example shown in (d) of FIG. 5, two substantially U-shaped or substantially C-shaped conductive members 14 face each other on the back side with their opening directions facing each other. A conductive auxiliary member 149 is disposed between the back surfaces of the two conductive members 14. The conductive auxiliary member 149 is a plate-like metal member sandwiched between two conductive members 14. The conductive support member 149 has a front surface and a rear surface, and contacts the one conductive member 14 on the front surface and contacts the other conductive member 14 on the rear surface.

  In the examples shown in (a) to (d) of FIG. 5 described above, the conductive path is formed by sandwiching the conductive auxiliary member 146, 147, 148 or 149 between the two conductive members 14 as necessary. The conductivity between the two adjacent conductive members 14 can be increased.

  FIG. 6A is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of the holder 141 in detail. (B) of FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of (a) of FIG. As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 6, the holder 141 is mainly configured by a press-contacting electrode 141 a made of metal and a holder outer package 141 b made of resin.

  The shape of the YZ cross section of the pressure contact electrode 141a is a substantially U shape formed by bending a metal plate, and contacts the terminal of the storage battery cell 12 on the side opposite to the conductive member. The side surface is inclined with respect to the Z direction so that the upper end approaches the conductive member 14 in order to facilitate insertion of the storage battery cell 12 into the holder 141. Further, the side surface of the pressure contact electrode 141 a on the side of the conductive member 14 faces the conductive member 14. The side surface of the pressure contact electrode 141a on the side of the conductive member 14 is tapped, and a metal screw 141c inserted into the hole 14b of the conductive member 14 is screwed. As a result, the pressure contact electrode 141a is fixed to the conductive member 14, and the conduction between the pressure contact electrode 141a and the conductive member 14 is secured.

  In the state where the storage battery cell 12 is attached, the pressure contact electrode 141a acts as a leaf spring having elasticity. Since the storage battery cell 12 is sandwiched by the elastic force of the pressure contact electrode 141a provided at both ends of the storage battery cell 12, the storage battery cell 12 can be stably held against external vibration. In addition, since the pressure-contact electrode 141a has elasticity, it is possible to withstand the load due to repeated insertion and removal of the storage battery cell 12.

  The shape of the XZ cross section of the holder exterior body 141b is a substantially U shape opened vertically upward. The holder exterior body 141 b is in contact with the conductive member 14 at one end side in the Y direction. The holder exterior body 141b accommodates the pressure contact electrode 141a inside and holds a part or all of the side surface of the storage battery cell 12. When holding the entire side surface of storage battery cell 12, holder exterior body 141 b extends from one conductive member 14 of storage battery block 13 to the other conductive member 14. The storage battery cell 12 can be detachably held because the holder exterior body 141b is substantially U-shaped and opened vertically upward. In addition, the opening direction of the holder exterior body 141b is not limited to vertically upward, and can be various directions except vertically downward.

  A pair of projections 141 d aligned in the X direction with the screw 141 c interposed therebetween is provided on the end face of the holder outer package 141 b facing the conductive member 14. The pair of protrusions 141 d is inserted into the pair of holes (or recesses) 14 c formed in the conductive member 14. Thereby, the holder exterior body 141 b is positioned with respect to the conductive member 14.

  FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing an example of a mechanism for preventing the accumulation of dust on the terminal portion of each storage battery cell 12. In this example, a weir structure that covers the terminals of the storage battery cell 12 is provided on the holder exterior body 141b. Specifically, the holder outer package 141b further includes a collar portion 141e. The collar portion 141 e is disposed on the pressure contact electrode 141 a and the terminal of the storage battery cell 12, and extends in the Y direction from the side surface of the conductive member 14. Further, the width of the flange portion 141e in the X direction is wider than the width of the holder outer package 141b in the same direction, and the flange portion 141e covers the opening of the holder outer package 141b when viewed from the Z direction. The ridge portion 141 e has, for example, a flat plate shape extending along the XY plane.

  FIG.7 (b) is a perspective view which shows another example of the mechanism which prevents that dust accumulates on the terminal part of each storage battery cell 12. As shown in FIG. In this example, the protective jacket 121 is attached to the storage battery cell 12. The protective jacket 121 is attached to the storage battery cell 12 in advance before storing the storage battery cell 12 in the holder 141. The protective jacket 121 has, for example, a structure in which two cylindrical portions are fixed to one another via a support and accommodates the storage battery cell 12 inside thereof. The cylindrical portion of the protective jacket 121 surrounds at least one terminal of the storage battery cell 12. A groove 121a may be provided on the surface of the protective jacket 121 to prevent a drop during handling.

  For example, by providing a mechanism as shown in FIG. 7 (a) or FIG. 7 (b), when the storage battery system 1A is placed in an environment with a lot of dust, etc., accumulation of dust on the terminals of the storage battery cell 12 Can be prevented, and migration due to accumulation of dust can be reduced.

  (A)-(c) of FIG. 8 is a figure which shows the example of the structure which fixes the storage battery unit 11 in the storage battery storage space 21 of the system housing | casing 20. As shown in FIG. (A) of FIG. 8 is a perspective view, and (b) and (c) of FIG. 8 are side views as viewed from the Y direction. The resin cover 18 has a role of a jig for fixing the storage battery unit 11 to the system housing 20. That is, on the upper plate 25 of the storage battery storage space 21, a plurality of pairs of guide rails 25 a respectively corresponding to the plurality of storage battery units 11 are fixed in advance. Similarly, on the lower plate 26 of the storage battery storage space 21, a plurality of pairs of guide rails 26 a respectively corresponding to the plurality of storage battery units 11 are fixed in advance. The upper end of the resin cover 18 of each storage battery unit 11 is fitted between a pair of guide rails 25 a of the upper plate 25. The lower end of the resin cover 18 of each storage battery unit 11 is fitted between a pair of guide rails 26 a of the lower plate 26. Thereby, the position of storage battery unit 11 in storage battery storage space 21 is fixed certainly. Further, by fastening a screw inserted through the hole 18 b of the resin cover 18 to the tap 27 provided on one or both of the upper plate 25 and the lower plate 26, stronger fixation becomes possible.

  Here, when the plurality of storage battery units 11 are connected in series with each other, a large potential difference occurs between the storage battery units 11. When the plurality of storage battery units 11 are juxtaposed in the storage battery storage space 21 as shown in FIG. 1, the storage battery units 11 having different potentials are arranged adjacent to each other. Therefore, it is desirable to provide the space distance required for sufficient insulation between adjacent storage battery units 11.

  Alternatively, when it is difficult to provide a sufficient space distance for downsizing or the like of storage battery system 1A, as shown in (b) or (c) of FIG. 8, between storage battery units 11 adjacent to each other An insulating partition wall 28 may further be provided. The partition wall 28 is a plate-like member extending along the XZ plane, and is disposed between the plurality of storage battery units 11 and divides installation spaces of the storage battery units 11 adjacent to each other. The partition wall 28 is configured to include an insulating member, and is, for example, an insulating wall made of an insulating member. In one example, the partition wall 28 is formed of a resinous thick plate such as vinyl. FIG. 8B shows an example in which the partition wall 28 is fixed by the guide rails 25 b provided on the upper plate 25 and the guide rails 26 b provided on the lower plate 26. FIG. 8C shows an example in which the storage battery unit 11 and the partition wall 28 are integrated and fixed by the guide rails 25 a of the upper plate 25 and the guide rails 26 a of the lower plate 26. In the example shown in (c) of FIG. 8, the number of guide rails can be reduced compared to the example shown in (b) of FIG. 8, and the manufacturing cost of the storage battery system 1A can be reduced. Further, high density arrangement of the storage battery unit 11 is possible, and the storage battery system 1A can be miniaturized. The partition wall 28 may be a flexible film-like insulator, and in this case, the partition wall 28 may be suspended like a curtain inside the storage battery storage space 21. In addition, the partition wall 28 may be provided with a structure for removing static electricity.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a detailed configuration of the control unit accommodation space 23. The control unit accommodation space 23 is provided with a cell controller 231 connected to the storage battery module 10 to detect information, and a system controller 232 connected to the cell controller 231 to collect information on the entire storage battery system 1A. The cell controller 231 includes a connector 19 b to which the cell voltage connector 19 shown in FIG. 2 can be connected, and a connector 17 b to which the temperature connector 17 a can be connected. The cell controller 231 has a function of detecting information on the voltage and temperature of the storage battery unit 11 through the cell voltage connector 19 and a voltage balancing function of reducing the voltage difference when the series voltage in the storage battery unit 11 becomes uneven. Prepare. The system controller 232 centrally manages information on the voltage and temperature of the lower cell controller 231, and calculates parameters such as, for example, the state of charge (SOC) of the storage battery system 1A.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the detailed configuration of the storage battery management unit 30. As shown in FIG. The storage battery management unit 30 has a movable portion 31 provided so as to be movable along at least the Z direction (in the present embodiment, along the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction), and a base portion 32. The movable portion 31 has a mechanism for performing at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement of each storage battery cell 12. Further, the movable portion 31 has a configuration for contacting a pair of terminals of each storage battery cell 12 for inspection (diagnosis) of each storage battery cell 12. The movable portion 31 intrudes into the gap between the storage battery units 11 adjacent to each other from the management unit accommodation space 22 and moves in the gap. The base portion 32 movably supports the movable portion 31. For example, the base portion 32 supports the movable portion 31 and extends and contracts in the Z direction a pantograph mechanism 32a, a ball screw mechanism 32b moving the pantograph mechanism 32a in the X direction, and a ball screw mechanism moving the pantograph mechanism 32a in the Y direction. And 32c.

  FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the movable portion 31 in an enlarged manner. As shown in FIG. 11, the movable portion 31 has a support member 35, a manipulator mechanism 36, and holders 37a and 37b. The support member 35 is a plate-like member extending along the XY plane, and supports the manipulator mechanism 36 and the holders 37a and 37b. The support member 35 is attached to the tip of the pantograph mechanism 32a described above (see FIG. 10), and moves along the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction by the base portion 32. Furthermore, the support member 35 has a fixing hole 35a. The fixing hole 35 a is formed on the upper surface of the support member 35, and is fitted with the L-shaped protrusion 14 d provided on the side surface of the conductive member 14. A plurality of protrusions 14 d are provided side by side on the side surface of the conductive member 14, and position the support member 35 and fix the support member 35 to the conductive member 14. That is, the fixed hole 35 a and the protrusion 14 d are fitting mechanisms for positioning the movable portion 31. Thereby, the support member 35 can be stabilized against the reaction force when attaching or detaching the storage battery cell 12. In addition, as the protrusions 14d, ones facing vertically upward and ones facing vertically downward may be alternately arranged. When the storage battery cell 12 is attached to the holder 141, the downward protrusion 14d may be used, and when the storage battery cell 12 is removed from the holder 141, the upward protrusion 14d may be used.

  Support member 35 insulates through sufficient insulation resistance with respect to other parts (mainly the exterior of base portion 32, the exterior of control device 33, power input terminal 34, etc.) except movable portion 31 of storage battery management unit 30. And has a floating potential. Thus, when the support member 35 intrudes into the storage battery storage space 21, the support member 35 and the mounted devices thereof have the same potential as the storage battery cell 12 in contact. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an abnormal ground current from flowing to the base portion 32 and the like.

  The manipulator mechanism 36 is a mechanism for reliably performing at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement of each storage battery cell 12. As described above, the manipulator mechanism 36 of the present embodiment can perform all the attachment, removal, and replacement of each storage battery cell 12. The manipulator mechanism 36 has a manipulator 36 a that holds the storage battery cell 12 and a drive unit 36 b that drives the manipulator 36 a. The manipulator 36 a has at least three openable and closable finger portions for gripping the storage battery cell 12. The drive unit 36b has a ball screw mechanism 36b1 for moving the manipulator 36a in the Z direction, a guide 36b2 for suppressing rotation of the manipulator 36a around the Z axis, and a rotation mechanism 36b3 for rotating the manipulator 36a around the X axis. The drive portion 36 b is provided via a wire 36 b 4 disposed between the drive portion 36 b and the support member 35, and a wire 36 b 5 disposed between the support member 35 and the control device 33 (see FIG. 10). , And the controller 33 are electrically connected. As the wiring 36b4 connected to the drive part 36b which is a movable part, a flexible cable such as a spiral cable, for example, is selected which has excellent flexibility and saves space even in extension and shortening.

  The controller 33 is provided on the base portion 32 and controls the operation of the pantograph mechanism 32 a, the ball screw mechanisms 32 b and 32 c, and the manipulator mechanism 36. The controller 33 is electrically connected to a power input terminal 34 (see FIG. 10) such as an outlet. Each mechanism 32 a-32 c and 36 operates by the power supplied from the power input terminal 34. The control device 33 incorporates a power supply circuit for supplying power to each of the mechanisms 32a to 32c and 36, and a microcomputer board for performing control calculation of each of the mechanisms 32a to 32c and 36. Note that feedback control using an electrical or optical sensor, a camera or the like may be used to control each of the mechanisms 32a to 32c and 36.

  The holders 37 a and 37 b are bottomed containers that open upward and are provided on the support member 35. The holders 37a and 37b are disposed on both sides of the manipulator mechanism 36 in the Y direction. The holders 37 a and 37 b can store at least one storage battery cell 12. Holders 37 a and 37 b store storage battery cell 12 attached to holder 141 in advance, and store storage battery cell 12 removed from holder 141.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation of the manipulator mechanism 36 when the storage battery cell 12 is removed from the holder 141. As shown in FIG. 12, first, the support member 35 is moved to the vicinity of the target storage battery cell 12, and the fixing holes 35 a of the support member 35 are fitted to the protrusions 14 d to fix the position of the support member 35 ( Step S01). Next, the manipulator 36a is moved to the front of the target storage battery cell 12 using the drive unit 36b (step S02). Subsequently, storage battery cell 12 is gripped by manipulator 36a (step S03). Subsequently, storage battery cell 12 is removed from holder 141 by driving ball screw mechanism 36b1 and rotation mechanism 36b3 of drive unit 36b (step S04). Subsequently, the storage battery cell 12 is rotated by 90 ° by the rotation mechanism 36b3, and the storage battery cell 12 is moved to the holder 37a by the ball screw mechanism 36b1 (step S05). Finally, the manipulator 36a separates the storage battery cell 12 and stores the storage battery cell 12 in the holder 37a (step S06).

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an operation of the manipulator mechanism 36 when attaching the storage battery cell 12 to the holder 141. As shown in FIG. 13, first, the support member 35 is moved to the vicinity of the holder 141 to which the storage battery cell 12 is to be attached, and the fixing hole 35a of the support member 35 is fitted to the projection 14d to fix the position of the support member 35. (Step S11). Next, the manipulator 36a is moved to the holder 37b in which the storage battery cell 12 is stored in advance using the drive unit 36b (step S12). Subsequently, the storage battery cell 12 is gripped by the manipulator 36a (step S13). Subsequently, the storage battery cell 12 is rotated by 90 ° by the rotation mechanism 36b3, and the storage battery cell 12 is moved to the holder 141 by the ball screw mechanism 36b1 (step S14). Then, storage battery cell 12 is attached to holder 141 by driving ball screw mechanism 36b1 and rotation mechanism 36b3 (Step S15). Finally, the manipulator 36a separates the storage battery cell 12 and places the storage battery cell 12 on the holder 141 (step S16).

  In addition, when replacing | exchanging the storage battery cell 12, it is good to carry out step S01-S06 of FIG. 12, and step S11-S16 of FIG. 13 continuously.

  In FIG. 14, instead of the protrusion 14 d of the conductive member 14 and the fixing hole 35 a of the support member 35 shown in FIG. 11, the support member 35 is provided with a pair of protrusions 35 b and a fixing hole 14 e in the conductive member 14. An example is shown. The protrusion 35 b and the fixing hole 14 e are also fitting mechanisms for positioning the movable portion 31 and the conductive member 14. The pair of protrusions 35 b protrudes in the X direction from the side surface of the support member 35 facing the conductive member 14. The fixing holes 14 e are formed on the side of the conductive member 14 facing the support member 35. The position of the support member 35 in the YZ plane is fixed to the conductive member 14 by inserting and fitting the pair of protrusions 35 b into the fixing holes 14 e of the pair of conductive members 14 respectively.

  Since the reaction force at the time of attachment and removal of storage battery cell 12 is generated in the vertical direction, in the fitting mechanism shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of upward protrusions 14d and a plurality of downward protrusions 14d are provided on each conductive member 14 There is a need. On the other hand, in the fitting mechanism shown in FIG. 14, the support member 35 can be held against both the upward reaction force and the downward reaction force by one type of fixing hole 14 e. The labor of processing the conductive member 14 can be reduced.

  FIG. 15 is a view conceptually showing a power system 1B according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power system 1B is formed by juxtaposing a plurality of system casings 20 in a container 40. In the example shown in FIG. 15, sixteen system cases 20 are accommodated in the container 40. A power line extends from the storage battery module 10 housed inside each system housing 20, and a plurality of power lines are collected to the DC current collector 42 through the wiring duct 41. The DC current collector 42 is connected to the desired power load. When the control unit accommodation space 23 is located in the upper layer of the system casing 20 as shown in FIG. 1, the wiring duct 41 is installed near the ceiling of the container 40 and a management unit of the adjacent system casings 20. The housing spaces 22 communicate with each other.

  The storage battery management unit 30 has a mechanism for moving the management unit accommodation space 22 in the communication direction. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 15, the storage battery management unit 30 has a self-propelled mechanism 30g. The self-propelled mechanism 30g allows the storage battery management unit 30 to move between the connected management unit accommodation spaces 22.

  The storage battery management unit 30 further includes a wireless communication unit 37. The wireless communication unit 37 performs wireless communication with the wireless communication unit 43 (master device) provided in the container 40. The wireless communication unit 43 exchanges information with the server 52 on the cloud through the communication network 51 provided outside the container 40. In addition, an operating device 53 is connected to the communication network 51, so that traveling and operation of the storage battery management unit 30 can be operated via the operating device 53 from a location away from the container 40. In addition, the storage battery management unit 30 has a storage battery for supplying electric power for traveling and operation. A wireless power supply system 44 is installed in the container 40, and the storage battery of the storage battery management unit 30 can be charged from the wireless power supply system 44 as needed.

  According to the power system 1B having the above configuration, even when a large number of system casings 20 are connected in series, the storage battery management unit 30 can be made common to reduce the introduction cost. In addition, even when the container 40 is unmanned, the storage battery management unit 30 can be operated from a remote place to exchange the storage battery cell 12 or the like.

  Note that, unlike in FIG. 1, when the control unit accommodation space 23 is located in the lower layer of the system housing 20 and the management unit accommodation space 22 is located in the upper layer of the system housing 20, Place it near the floor. The storage battery management unit 30 may be provided with a propeller mechanism for flight as a mechanism for moving the storage battery management unit 30 in the communication direction of the management unit accommodation space 22 in the upper layer. Thereby, the same effect as the above can be obtained.

  FIGS. 16 and 17 are diagrams showing a configuration for inspection (diagnosis) of storage battery cell 12 that storage battery management unit 30 has. FIG. 16 is a perspective view, and FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view along the XY plane. In addition, illustration of the manipulator mechanism 36 which the movable part 31 has is abbreviate | omitted for description.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the movable portion 31 of the storage battery management unit 30 further includes a pair of movable electrodes 39 made of metal. The pair of movable electrodes 39 is movable in the X direction toward the storage battery cell 12 and provided so as to be in contact with the pair of terminals of each storage battery cell 12 for inspection of the storage battery cell 12 .

  In the present embodiment, the movable electrode 39 is integrally formed with the insulating electrode auxiliary member 38. The electrode auxiliary member 38 is made of, for example, a resin, and protrudes in the X direction from the side edge of the support member 35 facing the storage battery cell 12 toward the storage battery cell 12 as shown in FIG. 16. Specifically, the electrode auxiliary member 38 has a substantially U-shaped YZ cross section, and is configured of a main plate 38 b and a pair of side plates 38 c provided at both ends of the main plate 38 b. The main plate 38b is supported by the support member 35 via a ball screw mechanism 38d, and can be moved in the X direction by the ball screw mechanism 38d. The ball screw mechanism 38d is controlled by the control device 33 described above. The tip of the side plate 38c in the XY cross section is sharp and sharp.

  As shown in FIG. 17, plate-like movable electrodes 39 are attached to the inner surfaces of the pair of side plates 38c facing each other. The pair of movable electrodes 39 respectively extend along the XZ plane. Each of the pair of movable electrodes 39 has a first surface 39a contacting the storage battery cell 12 to be inspected and a second surface 39b opposite to the first surface 39a. The second surface 39 b is completely covered by the side plate 38 c which is an insulator. The distance between the first surfaces 39 a of the pair of movable electrodes 39 substantially matches the length of the storage battery cell 12.

  The holder exterior body 141b is provided with a slit 141g through which the movable electrode 39 can be inserted and removed. The slit 141 g is formed in one side plate of the holder outer package 141 b having a U-shaped cross section, and extends in the Z direction. When the main plate 38b of the electrode auxiliary member 38 moves above the holder exterior body 141b, the movable electrode 39 passes through the slit 141g together with the side plate 38c, and is inserted between the terminal of the storage battery cell 12 and the pressure contact electrode 141a. At this time, since the insulating side plate 38c intervenes between the movable electrode 39 and the pressure contact electrode 141a, the pair of movable electrodes 39 insulates the storage battery cell 12 from the storage battery unit 11 and is electrically independent. , And a pair of terminals of the storage battery cell 12 can be contacted. Thus, by making the storage battery cells 12 to be diagnosed electrically independent, it is possible to diagnose the storage battery cell 12 without being affected by the voltage state and the charging state of the other storage battery cells 12 in a parallel relationship. become. In addition, even if one storage battery cell 12 is separated from the storage battery unit 11 for diagnosis, since the storage battery cells 12 in another parallel relationship function as a redundant system, the storage battery module 10 as a whole is stable without voltage fluctuation or the like. Operation can be maintained. Further, since the distance between the first surfaces 39a of the pair of movable electrodes 39 is held by the main plate 38b, the storage battery cells 12 are prevented from falling off when the pair of movable electrodes 39 contact the pair of terminals of the storage battery cells 12 Be done. Further, the tip of the main plate 38b in the X direction is positioned in front of the side plate 38c so that the main plate 38b contacts the storage cell 12 earlier than the side plate 38c when the movable electrode 39 approaches the storage cell 12. Thereby, drop-off | omission of the storage battery cell 12 at the time of the insertion and extraction of the movable electrode 39 can be suppressed.

  It is desirable that the thickness of the side plate 38c and the movable electrode 39 be thin so as to reduce the physical load (such as stress) when the storage battery cell 12 and the pressure contact portion 141a intervene in the pressure contact portion. Further, by fitting the protrusion 14 d provided on the conductive member 14 with the fixing hole 35 a of the support member 35 to fix the position of the support member 35, the support member against the stress generated by the insertion and removal of the movable electrode 39 35 can be stabilized.

  FIG. 18 is a detailed view of the support member 35 for realizing the function of diagnosing the storage battery cell 12. As shown in FIG. 18, the movable portion 31 further includes a charge / discharge buffer 61. The charge and discharge buffer 61 is electrically connected to the pair of movable electrodes 39 via the charge and discharge circuit 62. The charge and discharge circuit 62 charges and discharges energy to the storage battery cell 12 in contact with the movable electrode 39. The movable unit 31 further includes a voltmeter 63 and an ammeter 64. The voltmeter 63 and the ammeter 64 are connected between the charge and discharge circuit 62 and the pair of movable electrodes 39. When charging / discharging the charge / discharge circuit 62, the voltage value V between the pair of movable electrodes 39 is measured by the voltmeter 63, and the current value I flowing through the pair of movable electrodes 39 is measured by the ammeter 64. The movable portion 31 further includes a thermometer 65. The thermometer 65 is attached to the electrode auxiliary member 38 and measures the temperature T of the storage battery cell 12 to be diagnosed. The thermometer 65 outputs an electrical signal according to the temperature T of the storage battery cell 12.

  The movable unit 31 further includes an inverter 66 and a control unit 67. The inverter 66 advances or retracts the electrode auxiliary member 38 and the pair of movable electrodes 39 by driving the ball screw mechanism 38d shown in FIG. The control unit 67 transmits various data measured by the voltmeter 63, the ammeter 64, and the thermometer 65 to an external device, and controls the inverter 66 to position the electrode auxiliary member 38 and the pair of movable electrodes 39. Control.

  The configuration of the control unit 67 will be described in detail. The control unit 67 includes a communication unit 67a, a charge / discharge command value storage unit 67b, a measurement unit 67c, a data storage unit 67d, and a battery contact determination unit 67e. The measurement unit 67 c is electrically connected to the voltmeter 63, the ammeter 64, and the thermometer 65 through a wire, and flows through data of the voltage value V between the pair of movable electrodes 39 and the pair of movable electrodes 39. Data on the current value I and data on the temperature T of the storage battery cell 12 are acquired. The measuring unit 67c provides the acquired data to the data storage unit 67d. The data storage unit 67d is electrically connected to the measurement unit 67c, and includes, for example, storage means such as a memory. The data storage unit 67d sequentially stores the data provided from the measurement unit 67c. The communication unit 67a communicates with the higher-level device. The communication unit 67a is electrically connected to the data storage unit 67d, and collectively transmits the data stored in the data storage unit 67d to an external device. The charge / discharge command value storage unit 67b is electrically connected to the communication unit 67a, and controls the operation of the charge / discharge circuit 62 based on the charge / discharge command value provided from the external device via the communication unit 67a. .

  Battery contact determination unit 67e determines whether or not the storage battery block 13 to which the storage battery cell 12 to be measured belongs is electrically separated by the electrode auxiliary member 38, and controls the inverter 66 based on the determination result. The battery contact determination unit 67e is electrically connected to the communication unit 67a, the charge / discharge command value storage unit 67b, and the measurement unit 67c. First, the battery contact determination unit 67e acquires, from the communication unit 67a, the reference resistance value R of the storage battery cell 12 received from the host device. Thereafter, while instructing the charge / discharge command value storage unit 67b to have a pulse-like constant current discharge pattern, the inverter 66 is controlled such that the pair of movable electrodes 39 move toward the storage battery cell 12 held by the holder 141.

The storage battery cell 12 to be measured is connected in parallel with the other storage battery cells 12 of the storage battery block 13 before the insertion of the movable electrode 39, but when the movable electrode 39 is inserted, the insulating electrode auxiliary member 38 As a result, the storage battery block 13 is electrically separated from the storage battery block 13 and becomes an independent single storage battery cell 12, so the capacity of the storage battery cell 12 viewed from the charge / discharge circuit 62 is rapidly reduced. Therefore, when the same pulse current is applied, the voltage change of the voltmeter 63 becomes larger than that before the insertion of the movable electrode 39. Therefore, based on the voltage change of the voltmeter 63, it can be determined whether or not the storage battery cell 12 to be measured is electrically separated from the storage battery block 13. For example, previously setting a predetermined voltage threshold value V _1, when the time for which the voltage value V falls below the voltage threshold V ₁ during the pulse discharge exceeds a predetermined time t, the storage battery cell 12 is separated from the battery block 13 You may judge that.

When battery contact determination unit 67e determines that storage battery cell 12 is separated from storage battery block 13, it controls inverter 66 to stop the operation of ball screw mechanism 38d, and completes the movement of the pair of movable electrodes 39. The battery contact determination unit 67e after the start of the operation of the pair of movable electrodes 39, when the voltage value V of the voltmeter 63 even after the predetermined time does not fall below a voltage threshold V ₁ was, from the storage battery block 13 It may be determined that the electrical isolation of the storage battery cell 12 is not properly performed, and the higher-level device may be notified of the result via the communication unit 67a.

  In storage battery system 1A according to the present embodiment described above, in storage battery unit 11, a plurality of storage battery cells 12 connected to each other in at least one of parallel and series are juxtaposed along the Z direction. . Furthermore, the storage battery management unit 30 has a movable portion 31 provided so as to be movable along the Z direction. And the movable part 31 performs at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement | exchange for every storage battery cell 12 each. According to such a storage battery system 1A, replacement or the like of the storage battery cell 12 can be performed on a storage battery cell basis.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, the storage battery unit 11 may have a plurality of holders 141 for holding the storage battery cells 12 individually in a detachable state. Thereby, exchange etc. of storage battery cell 12 can be easily performed per storage battery cell.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, a plurality of storage battery units 11 may be provided side by side in the X direction, and the movable portion 31 may move between the storage battery units 11 adjacent to each other. Thereby, the number of storage battery cells 12 can be increased to increase the maximum current that can be output. Also, in such a large-scale storage battery system 1A, the movable portion 31 can easily access the individual storage battery cells 12.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, the system housing 20 is provided with a storage battery storage space 21 in which a plurality of storage battery units 11 are provided, and a management unit housing provided side by side with the storage battery storage space 21 in the Z direction. The storage battery storage space 21 may be opened toward the management unit storage space 22, and the movable portion 31 may intrude into the gap of the storage battery unit 11 from the management unit storage space 22. Thereby, movable part 31 can access individual storage battery cell 12 easily.

  Further, as in the present embodiment, a pair of conductive members 14 whose longitudinal direction is the Z direction is further provided, and one conductive member 14 is electrically connected to one of the pair of terminals of storage battery cell 12 and the other conductive. Member 14 may be electrically connected to the other of the pair of terminals of storage battery cell 12. Thereby, a plurality of storage battery cells 12 can be connected in parallel with a simple configuration.

(First modification)
FIG. 19A is an exploded perspective view of a conductive member 14A according to a modification of the embodiment. The storage battery block 13 may be provided with a conductive member 14A according to the present modification, instead of the conductive member 14 shown in FIG. 3 of the above embodiment.

  The conductive member 14A has one conductive plate 145 and one support member 71. The conductive plate 145 has a substantially U-shaped or substantially C-shaped XY cross section, and has a pair of side plate portions 14 f and 14 g facing each other in the Y direction. A plurality of holders 141 are provided on one side plate portion 14f, and a plurality of holders 141 are also provided on the other side plate portion 14g. Each of the plurality of holders 141 provided in one side plate portion 14 f holds each of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 belonging to the series storage battery block 13. Each of the plurality of holders 141 provided in the other side plate portion 14 g holds each of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 belonging to the series lower storage battery block 13.

  The support member 71 is a rod-like member extending in the Z direction, and is disposed inside the conductive plate 145. The XY cross section of the support member 71 has a substantially rectangular shape, and supports the side plate portions 14f and 14g of the conductive member 14A on the pair of side surfaces 71a and 71b facing each other in the Y direction. The support member 71 may not necessarily have conductivity, and may be made of an insulating lightweight material such as resin or carbon fiber. Also, the conductive plate 145 may not necessarily have sufficient mechanical strength, and the conductive plate 145 may be made of a thin metal plate such as copper foil. Accordingly, weight reduction of the entire conductive member 14A is possible.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the conductive member 14 of the series battery block 13 on the upper side in series and the conductive member 14 of the battery block 13 on the series lower side are configured as separate members. On the other hand, in the present modification, the conductive member of storage battery block 13 on the upper series side and the conductive member of storage battery block 13 on the lower series side are realized by common conductive member 14A. Therefore, according to this modification, the number of conductive members can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of storage battery unit 11 can be reduced.

  When producing the conductive member 14A, first, as shown in (b) of FIG. 19, the plurality of holders 141 are attached to the flat conductive plate 145. Next, the side plate portion 14f and the side plate portion 14g are opposed to each other by bending along a pair of bending lines L1 and L2 extending in the Z direction and parallel to each other. Then, the support member 71 is inserted into the space inside the conductive plate 145, and the conductive plate 145 and the support member 71 are fixed to each other. For example, the conductive member 14A according to the present modification can be manufactured by such a method. Further, in the present modification, the pair of bending lines L1 and L2 extend in the same Z direction as the arrangement direction of the plurality of holders 141. As a result, the distance between the plurality of pressure-contact electrodes 141a on the upper side in series and the plurality of pressure-contact electrodes 141a on the lower side in series is shortened, and Z of the conductor (side plate 14h) connecting side plate portion 14f and side plate portion 14g Since the width of the direction is increased, the parasitic resistance generated in the conductive member 14A can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in (b) of FIG. 19, an opening 14i extending from the side plate portion 14f to the side plate portion 14g is formed in the conductive plate 145, and after being bent, it forms a notch portion 14j (see (a) of FIG. 19). The flange portion 71c is formed on the side surface of the support member 71 facing the side plate portion 14h, and the flange portion 71c is engaged with the notch portion 14j when the conductive plate 145 and the support member 71 are combined. It is also good. Thereby, the separation between the conductive plate 145 and the support member 71 can be prevented. Here, the ridge portion 71c may also function as the protrusion 14d.

(2nd modification)
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a storage battery unit 11A according to another modification of the above embodiment. In the configuration shown in FIG. 2 of the above embodiment, the holder 141 is individually provided for one end and the other end of the storage battery cell 12, but as in this modification, one storage battery cell 12 is provided. One holder 181 may be provided with respect to. That is, in this modification, a common holder 181 is provided for one end and the other end of storage battery cell 12, and a plurality of holders 181 are provided side by side in the Z direction. And a pair of terminals of storage battery cell 12 are in contact with a pair of press contact electrodes which each holder 181 has. In this case, it is desirable for the holder 181 to have a single piece of rigidity that can resist the reaction force due to pressure contact.

  Also, the storage battery unit 11A has a support member 14B instead of the conductive member 14 of the above embodiment. The support member 14B is a plate-like conductive member extending along the YZ plane, and is formed of, for example, a printed wiring board. The support member 14B supports one end of the plurality of holders 181 of the storage battery block 13 on the upper series side and supports the other end of the plurality of holders 181 of the storage battery block 13 on the lower series side. Furthermore, the support member 14B is a wiring pattern for collectively connecting a plurality of negative pressure-contacting electrodes of the series upper storage battery block 13 and a plurality of positive-side pressure displacement electrodes of the series lower storage battery block 13. Have. That is, the plurality of holders 181 of each storage battery block 13 are connected in parallel between the support member 14B on the positive side and the support member 14B on the negative side. The pressure contact electrode is electrically connected to the wiring pattern of the support member 14B, for example, by solder welding the terminal of the pressure contact electrode to a through hole provided in the support member 14B.

  In this modification, the support member 14B is in the form of a plate extending along the YZ plane, and includes the juxtaposing direction of the support members 14B. Therefore, the rigidity is increased when receiving an external force in the X direction intersecting the plate surface. It may be insufficient. Therefore, for example, a reinforcing member 182 extending in the Y-axis direction may be fixed over the plurality of support members 14B. The reinforcing member 182 may be, for example, an L-shaped steel. Thereby, the rigidity when receiving an external force in the X direction can be enhanced.

  Also in this modification, as in the first modification, the conductive member of storage battery block 13 on the upper series side and the conductive member of storage battery block 13 on the lower series side are realized by common support member 14B. Therefore, according to this modification, the number of conductive members can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the storage battery unit can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A ... Storage battery system, 1B ... Power system, 10 ... Storage battery module, 11, 11A ... Storage battery unit, 12 ... Storage battery cell, 13 ... Storage battery block, 14, 14A ... Conducting member, 14B ... Support member, 14a ... hole, 14b ... Holes 14d: Projections 14e: Fixing holes 14f, 14g, 14h: Side plates, 14i: Openings, 14j: Notches, 15: Fasteners, 16: Extraction electrodes, 17: Temperature sensors, 17a: Temperature connectors, 18: resin cover, 18a: opening, 18b: hole, 19: cell voltage connector, 20: system housing, 21: storage battery storage space, 22: management unit storage space, 23: control section storage space, 24: mounting plate , 25 ... upper plate, 25a, 25b ... guide rail, 26 ... lower plate, 26a, 26b ... guide rail, 27 ... tap, 28 ... partition wall, 30 ... storage Pond management unit, 30g: self-propelled mechanism, 31: movable portion, 32: base portion, 32a: pantograph mechanism, 32b, 32c: ball screw mechanism, 33: control device, 34: power input terminal, 35: support member, 35a ... fixed hole, 35b ... projection, 36 ... manipulator mechanism, 36a ... manipulator, 36b ... drive unit, 36b1 ... ball screw mechanism, 36b2 ... guide, 36b3 ... rotation mechanism, 36b4, 36b5 ... wiring, 37 ... wireless communication unit, 37a , 37b: holder, 38: electrode auxiliary member, 38b: main plate, 38c: side plate, 38d: ball screw mechanism, 39: movable electrode, 40: container, 41: wiring duct, 42: DC current collector, 43: wireless communication Section 44: wireless power supply system 51: communication network 52: server 53: controller 61: charge and discharge buffer 62: charge and discharge circuit 63: voltmeter, 64: ammeter, 65: thermometer, 66: inverter, 67: control unit, 67a: communication unit, 67b: charge / discharge command value storage unit, 67c: measurement unit, 67d: data storage unit, 67e ... battery contact determination unit, 71 ... support member, 71a, 71b ... side surface, 71c ... collar portion, 121 ... protection jacket, 121a ... groove, 141 ... holder, 141a ... pressure contact electrode, 141b ... holder outer package, 141c ... screw, 141d: projection, 141e: collar portion, 141g: slit, 143: support member, 144: screw, 145: conductive plate, 146: conductive auxiliary member, 146, 147, 148, 149: conductive auxiliary member, 151: screw, 152 ... Welding portion, 153 ... Fastener, 181 ... Holder, 182 ... Reinforcement member, 231 ... Cell controller, 232 ... System controller, I ... Current value, L1 , L2 ... bending line, R ... reference resistance value, T ... temperature, V ... voltage value, V ₁ ... voltage threshold value.

The conductive member 14A has one conductive plate 145 and one support member 71. The conductive plate 145 has a substantially U-shaped or substantially C-shaped XY cross section, and has a pair of side plate portions 14 f and 14 g facing each other in the Y direction. A plurality of holders 141 are provided on one side plate portion 14f, and a plurality of holders 141 are also provided on the other side plate portion 14g. Each of the plurality of holders 141 provided in one side plate portion 14 f holds each of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 belonging to the series storage battery block 13. Each of the plurality of holders 141 provided in the other side plate portion 14 g holds each of the plurality of storage battery cells 12 belonging to the series lower storage battery block 13.

Claims (20)

A storage battery unit in which a plurality of storage battery cells connected to each other in at least one of parallel and series are juxtaposed along a first direction;
A storage battery management unit having a movable part movably provided along the first direction,
The storage battery system, wherein the movable part performs at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement for each storage battery cell.   The storage battery system according to claim 1, wherein the storage battery unit has a plurality of holders for holding each storage battery cell in a detachable manner.   The storage battery system according to claim 2, wherein each holder has a mechanism for laying each storage battery cell horizontally and leaving it stationary and preventing dust from being accumulated on the terminal of each storage battery cell. A plurality of the storage battery units are provided side by side in a second direction intersecting the first direction,
The storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the movable part moves in the gap between the storage battery units adjacent to each other. The system housing further includes: a storage battery storage space in which the plurality of storage battery units are provided; and a management unit storage space which is provided side by side with the storage battery storage space in the first direction and stores the management unit.
The storage battery storage space is open toward the management unit storage space,
The storage battery system according to claim 4, wherein the movable portion intrudes from the management unit accommodation space into a gap of the storage battery unit.   The storage battery system according to claim 5, wherein, when the storage battery management unit is used, the storage battery management unit is inserted into the management unit accommodation space from the outside of the battery system. It further comprises a partition wall disposed between the plurality of storage battery units and partitioning installation spaces of the storage battery units adjacent to each other,
The battery system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the partition wall includes an insulating member. The movable portion further includes a support member supporting a mechanism for performing at least one of attachment, removal, and replacement for each storage battery cell,
The storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the support member is insulated with respect to a portion other than the movable portion of the storage battery management unit.   The said 1st direction is a perpendicular direction, All one side of a pair of terminals of each storage battery is the same electric potential, The other of the said pair of terminals is all the same electric potential, It is any one of Claims 1-8. Battery system. It further comprises a pair of conductive members whose longitudinal direction is the first direction,
The storage battery system according to claim 9, wherein one of the conductive members is electrically connected to one of the pair of terminals, and the other conductive member is electrically connected to the other of the pair of terminals. The pair of conductive members are in the shape of a bar extending along the first direction,
The storage battery system according to claim 10, wherein the one conductive member supports one end of each storage battery cell, and the other conductive member supports the other end of each storage battery cell.   The storage battery system according to claim 11, wherein the movable portion and the pair of conductive members have a fitting mechanism that positions the movable portion and the pair of conductive members.   The storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the movable portion further includes a pair of movable electrodes in contact with a pair of terminals of each storage battery for inspection of each storage battery cell.   The storage battery system according to claim 13, wherein the pair of movable electrodes contact the pair of terminals while insulating the storage battery cell to be inspected from the storage battery unit.   Each of the pair of movable electrodes has a plate shape having a first surface contacting the storage battery cell to be inspected and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the second surface is 15. A storage battery system according to claim 14, covered by an insulator.   The storage battery system according to claim 14, wherein the storage battery management unit further includes a control unit configured to control the pair of movable electrodes based on a voltage of the storage battery cell obtained from the pair of movable electrodes.   The storage battery system according to claim 16, wherein the control unit completes the movement of the pair of movable electrodes when the voltage of the storage battery cell falls below a threshold.   The storage battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the movable portion has a manipulator mechanism for gripping the storage battery cell.   The storage battery system according to claim 18, wherein the manipulator mechanism has at least three openable and closable fingers for gripping the storage battery cell. An electric power system in which a plurality of the system housings of the storage battery system according to claim 5 or 6 are juxtaposed.
The management unit accommodation spaces of the mutually adjacent system chassis communicate with each other,
The power storage system, wherein the storage battery management unit has a mechanism for moving in a communication direction of the management unit accommodation space.

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