JP2019115142A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rotary electric machine capable of appropriately cooling a portion required to be cooled that varies depending on rotational speed.SOLUTION: A rotor 4 of a rotary electric machine 1 comprises a cylindrical member 5 that has a block end and an opening end and being fixed onto a rotation shaft 3 at the block end side and a permanent magnet 6 attached in an outer peripheral section of the cylindrical member 5. Through a cooling oil path 12 provided at a side cover 11, cooling oil is supplied to the block end of the cylindrical member 5. Under a low speed operational state in which rotation speed of the rotor 4 is relatively slow and a high speed operational state in which the rotation speed is relatively high, the cooling oil is supplied toward a mount section of the permanent magnet 6 inside of the cylindrical member 5 mainly through inflow holes 22, 23. Under an intermediate operational state between the low speed operational state and the high speed operational state, the cooling oil is supplied toward wiring 8a of a stator 8 mainly through an inflow hole 27 and a cooling oil path 28.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine including a rotor having permanent magnets and a stator that rotationally drives the rotor, and more particularly to a rotating electrical machine that cools a rotor and stator windings with a cooling oil.

  Patent Document 1 includes a stator and a rotor fixed to a rotating shaft inside the stator and rotated by magnetic flux generated by the stator, the rotor attaching a permanent magnet to a cylindrical member having a closed end and an open end. A rotary electric machine configured as shown in FIG. In this rotating electrical machine, cooling oil is supplied from one end side of the rotating shaft to the closed end of the cylindrical member, and the cooling oil is supplied to the inside of the cylindrical member through two through holes provided at the closed end of the cylindrical member. Is configured to flow. With this configuration, cooling of a member disposed inside the cylindrical member and a permanent magnet attached to the rotor is performed.

JP, 2015-70656, A

  Lowering the temperature of the permanent magnet contributes to the improvement of the output torque characteristics in a low rotational speed region (for example, a region of 4000 rpm or less) in which the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is relatively low. In the area of (1), it is desirable to reduce the magnetic flux density generated by the permanent magnet by suppressing the cooling of the permanent magnet to reduce the field weakening current, and in the high rotational speed area (for example, the area of 6000 rpm or more) Since the temperature rise of the permanent magnet becomes large, it is necessary to sufficiently cool the permanent magnet. That is, it is required to meet the cooling requirement that the main cooling site is changed depending on the rotational speed.

  In the configuration of the conventional rotary electric machine described above, it has been difficult to supply the cooling oil so as to sufficiently satisfy different cooling requirements for each rotational speed region.

  The present invention has been made in view of this point, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary electric machine capable of appropriately cooling a region requiring cooling which changes depending on the rotational speed.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a stator (8) fixed to a casing (2) and generating magnetic flux, a rotating shaft (3) rotatably supported by the casing, and A rotary electric machine (1) comprising: a rotor (4) fixed to the rotary shaft (3) inside a stator (8) and rotated by magnetic flux generated by the stator (8), the rotor (8) A tubular member having a closed end and an open end, the tubular member (5) being fixed to the rotating shaft (3) at the closed end, and the outer peripheral part of the tubular member (5) A cooling oil supply means (12, 14) for supplying cooling oil to the closed end of the cylindrical member (5), provided with a permanent magnet (6) attached, and provided at the closed end; Changing the main supply destination of the cooling oil according to the rotation speed of In the low-speed operating state where the rotational speed is relatively low, and in the high-speed operating state where the rotational speed is relatively high, the destination changing means is mainly provided inside the cylindrical member (5) The cooling oil is supplied toward the mounting portion of the permanent magnet (6), and in the medium speed operating state where the rotational speed is the rotational speed between the low speed operating state and the high speed operating state, the stator (8 The cooling oil is supplied to the winding (8a) of.

  According to this configuration, in the low speed operation state where the rotation speed is relatively low and the high speed operation state where the rotation speed is relatively high, the cooling oil is supplied toward the attachment portion of the permanent magnet mainly inside the cylindrical member In the medium speed operation state where the speed is the rotation speed between the low speed operation state and the high speed operation state, the cooling oil is mainly supplied to the stator winding, so the above-mentioned cooling requirement is satisfied and the rotation speed region is Correspondingly, appropriate cooling can be performed.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the electric rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the supply destination changing means is provided at a bottom portion (21) closing the closed end, and the cooling oil is the cylindrical member (5 And the first and second inflow holes (22, 23) flowing inward of the rotation axis (3) on the radially outer side of the first and second inflow holes (22, 23) of the bottom portion (21). And the first and second protrusions (24, 25) protruding from the closed end toward the cooling oil supply means, the first protrusion (24) and the second protrusion (25). Between the closed end and the third projection (26), and the diameter of the third projection (26). A third inflow hole (27) provided on the inner side, and the inside of the bottom (21) from the third inflow hole (27), The second inflow hole (23) is disposed radially outward of the first inflow hole (22), and is constituted by a cooling oil passage (28) opened to the outside in the radial direction of the bottom portion (21). The protrusion amount (PX3) of the third protrusion (26) is larger than the protrusion amount (PX1) of the first protrusion, and the protrusion amount (PX2) of the second protrusion (25) is the third protrusion It is characterized in that it is larger than the projection amount (PX3) of the part.

  According to this configuration, in the low speed operation state, the centrifugal force applied to the cooling oil is relatively small, so the cooling oil flows from the first projecting portion into the inside of the cylindrical member through the first inflow hole, and the permanent magnet Cooling is promoted. In the high speed operation state, since the centrifugal force applied to the cooling oil is relatively large, the cooling oil flows into the inside of the cylindrical member from the second projecting portion through the second inflow hole, and the cooling of the permanent magnet is promoted. On the other hand, in the medium-speed operating state, the cooling oil is supplied to the stator winding located radially outward of the rotor via the third projecting portion and the cooling oil passage, thereby promoting cooling of the winding.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the electric rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the supply destination changing means is a thin strip having a bottom (21a) closing the closed end and an urging force directed radially outward. It comprises a first elastic member (42) and a second elastic member (43) for biasing the first elastic member (42) radially inward, and the bottom portion (21a) contains the cooling oil. The first and second inflow holes (44, 45) flowing into the inside of the cylindrical member (5a) and the radially outer side of the second inflow hole (45) concentrically with the rotation shaft (3) Provided, concentrically with the rotary shaft (3) at a position contacting the first protrusion (46) protruding from the closed end toward the cooling oil supply means, and the rotary shaft (3), A second projection (47) projecting from the end toward the cooling oil supply means; The rotational end of the closed end is disposed on the side of the cooling oil supply means at a distance from the closed end, and is positioned to face the closed end between the first inflow hole (44) and the second inflow hole (45). And an annular member (41) provided concentrically with the shaft (3), said annular member (41) being supported by a support (41a) extending radially outward from said second projection (47) The diameter of the first elastic member (42) can be increased substantially as the rotation speed becomes higher at a position surrounding the rotation shaft (3) inside the first protrusion (46) in the radial direction And the second elastic member (43) is disposed between the first elastic member (42) and the first protrusion (46), and the second inflow hole (45) is the second elastic member (43). 1) the first elastic member (the first elastic member ( 3) has a thickness capable of closing the second inflow hole (45), and in the low speed operation state, the first elastic member (42) closes the gap between the annular member (41) and the closed end The first elastic member (42) closes the second inflow hole (45) in the middle speed operation state, and the first elastic member (42) in the second speed hole (45) in the high speed operation state. The biasing force of the first and second elastic members (42, 43) is set so as to be located on the radially outer side of the above.

  According to this configuration, since the gap between the annular member and the closed end is closed by the first elastic member in the low speed operation state, the cooling oil is mainly supplied to the attachment portion of the permanent magnet through the first inflow hole In operation, the substantial diameter of the first elastic member is expanded by centrifugal force and the first elastic member is located radially outward of the second inflow hole, so that the cooling oil is mainly permanent through the second inflow hole. It is supplied to the mounting part of the magnet. Therefore, cooling of the permanent magnet is promoted in the low speed operation state and the high speed operation state. On the other hand, in the middle speed operation state, since the second inflow hole is closed by the first elastic member and the centrifugal force acting on the cooling oil is larger than the low speed operation state, the cooling oil bypasses the first elastic member to wind the stator winding. Supply to promote cooling of the winding.

It is principal part sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating a cylindrical member (5) in more detail. It is a figure for demonstrating the destination changing means concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention (low speed driving | running state). It is a figure for demonstrating the destination changing means concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention (medium speed operation state). It is a figure for demonstrating the destination change means concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention (high speed driving | running state).

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rotating electrical machine 1 is fixed to a casing 2 and generates a magnetic flux via a stator 8 and a casing (not shown). A rotary shaft 3 rotatably supported at 2, a rotor 4 fixed to the rotary shaft 3 inside the stator 8 and rotated by the magnetic flux generated by the stator 8, and a side cover 11 fixed to the casing 2 .

  The rotor 4 is a cylindrical member 5 having a closed end and an open end, and is a cylindrical member 5 fixed to the rotating shaft 3 at the closed end, and a rotor main body 7 attached to the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical member 5. And composed of The rotor body 7 includes a base 7 a made of a magnetic material and a permanent magnet 6. A winding 8 a is wound around the stator 8.

  The side cover 11 is formed with a cooling oil passage 12 for supplying a cooling oil for cooling the rotor body 7 and the stator 8 (winding 8a) disposed in the casing 2, and the inflow hole 13 is formed. Cooling oil is supplied by a cooling oil pump and an oil passage which are not shown. The cooling oil flowing into the cooling oil passage 12 is discharged from the discharge hole 14 and flows into the passage 15 provided inside the rotary shaft 3, and the rotor main body 7 and the stator 8 are Cooling oil is supplied to the winding 8a). A mechanism for transmitting the torque of the rotary shaft 3 is provided in the interior of the cylindrical member 5 and in the space 30 in the casing 2, but illustration is omitted because it is not directly related to the present invention. The rotary shaft 3 is provided with a discharge hole 16 communicating the passage 15 with the space 30, and cooling oil is supplied as lubricating oil to a mechanism not shown.

  FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the cylindrical member 5 in more detail, and FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of the cylindrical member 5 viewed from the left direction of FIG. 1, and FIG. (A) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A (corresponding to a part of FIG. 1, including the rotor body 7), and (c) is a sectional view taken along the line B-B shown in (a) The main body 7, the stator 8 and the winding 8a are included, and only the upper part of the rotating shaft 3 is shown.

  In the bottom portion 21 closing the closed end of the cylindrical member 5, four first inflow holes 22 and four second inflow holes 23 where the cooling oil flows into the inside of the cylindrical member 5, and the first inflow holes The first projecting portion 24 provided concentrically with the rotary shaft 3 radially outward of 22 and protruding from the closed end toward the side cover 11 and concentrically with the rotary shaft 3 radially outward of the second inflow hole 23 Is provided concentrically with the rotary shaft 3 between the first protrusion 24 and the second protrusion 25 and is provided between the first protrusion 24 and the second protrusion 25. Passing through the inside of the bottom 21 from the third projection 26 projecting to the side cover 11 side, the four third inflow holes 27 provided radially inward of the third projection 26, and the third inflow hole 27, A cooling oil passage 28 opening radially outward of the bottom portion 21 is provided.

  The second inflow hole 23 is disposed radially outward of the first inflow hole 22, and the amount PX3 of protrusion of the third protrusion 26 is larger than the amount PX1 of protrusion of the first protrusion 22, and the second protrusion 25 The projection amount PX2 of the second projection portion is configured to be larger than the projection amount PX3 of the third projection.

  According to the configuration shown in FIG. 2, since the centrifugal force applied to the cooling oil is relatively small in the low speed operation state where the rotary electric machine 1 rotates at a relatively low rotational speed (for example, 4000 rpm or less), FIG. As indicated by solid arrows (lines with arrows), cooling oil flows into the inside of the cylindrical member 5 mainly from the first protrusion 24 through the first inflow hole 22, and cooling of the permanent magnet 6 is performed. Promoted. In a high-speed operating state in which the rotating electrical machine 1 rotates at a relatively high rotational speed (for example, 6000 rpm or more), the centrifugal force applied to the cooling oil is relatively large. Therefore, as shown by the broken arrow in FIG. Cooling oil flows from the second projecting portion 25 into the inside of the cylindrical member 5 through the second inflow hole 23, and cooling of the permanent magnet 6 is promoted as in the low speed operation state. On the other hand, in the medium-speed operation state (for example, the state where the rotational speed is in the range of 4000 to 6000 rpm), as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 2C, mainly the third projection 26 and the third inflow hole 27. The cooling oil is supplied to the winding 8 a of the stator 8 located radially outward of the rotor body 7 via the cooling oil passage 28 to promote the cooling of the winding 8 a. As a result, it is possible to satisfy the cooling requirement according to the rotational speed to promote the cooling of the permanent magnet 6 in the low speed operating state and the high speed operating state and to promote the cooling of the stator winding 8a in the medium speed operating state.

  In the present embodiment, the side cover 11 and the cooling oil passage 12 constitute a cooling oil supply means, and the first to third projecting portions 24, 25, 26, the first and the third provided on the bottom portion 21 of the cylindrical member 5. The two inflow holes 22 and 23, the third inflow hole 27, and the cooling oil passage 28 constitute supply destination changing means.

Second Embodiment
FIGS. 3 to 5 are diagrams for explaining the supply destination changing means according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show the low speed operation state of the rotary electric machine 1, respectively. It corresponds to the high speed operation state and the high speed operation state. In these figures, each figure (a) is a front view in the case of replacing the cylindrical member 5 viewed from the left direction of FIG. 1 with the cylindrical member 5a, and each figure (b) is shown in FIG. FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A (including the rotor main body 7), and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B shown in FIG. The stator 8 and the winding 8a are also shown in FIG. 4 (b).

  In the present embodiment, the supply destination changing means includes a bottom portion 21a of the cylindrical member 5a obtained by deforming the cylindrical member 5 in the first embodiment, and a thin strip-shaped first elastic member 42 having an urging force directed radially outward. The second elastic member 43 biases the first elastic member 42 radially inward. The first and second elastic members 42 and 43 are made of, for example, stainless steel, and may be the same as those known as top foils and bump foils (back foils) that constitute foil bearings.

  The bottom portion 21 a is an inflow hole through which the cooling oil flows into the inside of the cylindrical member 5 a, and the first inflow hole 44 and the second inflow hole 45 provided four each, and the radial direction of the second inflow hole 45. It is provided concentrically with the rotary shaft 3 on the outer side, and is provided concentrically with the rotary shaft 3 at a position in contact with the rotary shaft 3 with a first projection 46 projecting toward the side cover 11 from the closed end The second protrusion 47 protruding toward the side cover 11 and the closed end are disposed apart from the closed end on the side cover 11 side, and opposed to the closed end between the first inflow hole 44 and the second inflow hole 45 And an annular member 41 provided concentrically with the rotary shaft 3 at a position where the annular member 41 is supported by a support portion 41 a extending in the radial direction outward direction from the second projecting portion 47.

  The first elastic member 42 is disposed radially inward of the first protrusion 46 at a position surrounding the rotation shaft 3, and can be increased in diameter substantially by centrifugal force as the rotational speed increases. The second elastic member 43 is disposed between the first elastic member 42 and the first protrusion 46. The second inflow hole 45 is disposed radially outward of the first inflow hole 44, and the first elastic member 42 has a thickness capable of closing the second inflow hole 45.

  In the low speed operation state of the rotary electric machine 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the first elastic member 42 closes the gap between the annular member 41 and the closed end, and in the medium speed operation state, as shown in FIG. Blocks the second inflow hole 45, and the first elastic member 42 is positioned radially outward of the second inflow hole 45 as shown in FIG. 43 biasing forces are set. In FIG. 3A, a portion of the first elastic member 42 which is not visible by the annular member 41 is indicated by a thick broken line. Further, in FIG. 5A, the second elastic member 43 is shown by a broken line.

  According to the above configuration, in the low speed operation state, the cooling oil is mainly supplied to the attachment portion of the permanent magnet 6 through the first inflow hole 44 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Then, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5 (b), the cooling oil is mainly supplied to the mounting portion of the permanent magnet 6 through the second inflow hole 45, and in the medium speed operation state, arrowed in FIG. 4 (b). As shown, the cooling oil is supplied to the winding 8 a of the stator 8 mainly by bypassing the first elastic member 42. As a result, it is possible to satisfy the cooling requirement according to the rotational speed to promote the cooling of the permanent magnet 6 in the low speed operating state and the high speed operating state and to promote the cooling of the stator winding 8a in the medium speed operating state.

  In the present embodiment, the first and second protrusions 46 and 47 provided on the bottom 21a of the cylindrical member 5a, the first and second inflow holes 44 and 45, the annular member 41, and the first and second members. The elastic members 42 and 43 constitute a supply destination changing means.

  In the embodiment described above, the number of the inflow holes 22, 23 and the like provided in the bottom 21 or 21a is "4", but is not limited thereto, and can be appropriately changed according to the required cooling effect. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 rotary electric machine 2 casing 3 rotating shaft 5 cylindrical member 6 permanent magnet 7 rotor main body 8 stator 8a winding 11 side cover 12 cooling oil passage 21, 21a bottom 22 first inflow hole 23 second inflow hole 24 first protrusion 25 Second protrusion 26 third protrusion 27 third inflow hole 28 cooling oil passage 41 annular member 42 first elastic member 43 second elastic member 44 first inflow hole 45 second inflow hole 46 first protrusion 47 second protrusion Department

Claims (3)

It has a stator fixed to a casing and generates magnetic flux, a rotating shaft rotatably supported by the casing, and a rotor fixed to the rotating shaft inside the stator and rotated by the magnetic flux generated by the stator A rotating electric machine,
The rotor is a cylindrical member having a closed end and an open end, the cylindrical member fixed to the rotation shaft at the closed end, and a permanent magnet attached to the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical member. Equipped
Cooling oil supply means for supplying cooling oil to the closed end of the tubular member;
And supply destination changing means provided at the closed end to change the main supply destination of the cooling oil according to the rotational speed of the rotor.
In the low speed operation state where the rotation speed is relatively low and the high speed operation state where the rotation speed is relatively high, the supply destination changing means is directed toward the attachment portion of the permanent magnet mainly inside the cylindrical member. In the middle speed operation state where the cooling oil is supplied and the rotation speed is the rotation speed between the low speed operation state and the high speed operation state, the cooling oil is mainly supplied to the winding of the stator. Electric rotating machine. The supply destination changing means is provided at a bottom closing the closed end, and the first and second inflow holes through which the cooling oil flows into the inside of the cylindrical member, and the first and second inflows of the bottom. The first and second protrusions, which are provided concentrically with the rotary shaft on the radially outer side of the hole and protrude from the closed end toward the cooling oil supply means, and the first and second protrusions and A third projecting portion provided concentrically with the rotary shaft and projecting from the closed end toward the cooling oil supply means, and a third inflow hole provided radially inward of the third projecting portion; And a cooling oil passage that passes from the third inflow hole to the inside of the bottom portion and opens radially outward of the bottom portion,
The second inflow hole is disposed radially outward of the first inflow hole, and the amount of protrusion of the third protrusion is larger than the amount of protrusion of the first protrusion, and the amount of protrusion of the second protrusion is The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the amount is larger than the amount of protrusion of the third protrusion. The supply destination changing means urges the bottom of the closed end, a thin plate-shaped first elastic member having a biasing force directed radially outward, and the first resilient member radially inward. 2 composed of an elastic member,
The bottom portion is provided concentrically with the rotation shaft at the radially outer side of the first and second inflow holes where the cooling oil flows into the inside of the cylindrical member, and the second inflow hole, and the closed end And a second projection projecting concentrically from the closed end toward the cooling oil supply means at a position in contact with the rotation shaft and projecting from the first protrusion projecting toward the cooling oil supply means And the cooling oil supply means side of the closed end is spaced apart from the closed end and is concentric with the rotation shaft at a position facing the closed end between the first inflow hole and the second inflow hole. And an annular member provided in a shape of a circle, said annular member being supported by a support extending radially outward from the second projection,
The first elastic member is disposed at a position surrounding the rotation shaft at a radially inner side of the first projecting portion such that a substantial diameter can be increased as the rotation speed becomes higher, and the second elastic member is Disposed between the first elastic member and the first projecting portion,
The second inflow hole is disposed radially outward of the first inflow hole, and the first elastic member has a thickness capable of closing the second inflow hole.
In the low speed operation state, the first elastic member closes the gap between the annular member and the closed end, and in the medium speed operation state, the first elastic member closes the second inflow hole, and the high speed operation state The rotation force according to claim 1, wherein the biasing force of the first and second elastic members is set such that the first elastic member is positioned radially outside the second inflow hole. Electric.

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