JP2019086041A - Damper - Google Patents

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JP2019086041A
JP2019086041A JP2017212918A JP2017212918A JP2019086041A JP 2019086041 A JP2019086041 A JP 2019086041A JP 2017212918 A JP2017212918 A JP 2017212918A JP 2017212918 A JP2017212918 A JP 2017212918A JP 2019086041 A JP2019086041 A JP 2019086041A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
shock absorber
chamber
air chamber
sub
mounting member
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JP2017212918A
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JP6997592B2 (en
Inventor
雄亮 古田
Yusuke Furuta
雄亮 古田
俊廣 森
Toshihiro Mori
俊廣 森
泰徳 小林
Yasunori Kobayashi
泰徳 小林
哲夫 荒畑
Tetsuo Arahata
哲夫 荒畑
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KYB Corp
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KYB Corp
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Priority to JP2017212918A priority Critical patent/JP6997592B2/en
Priority to CN201880052422.XA priority patent/CN111051728A/en
Priority to PCT/JP2018/039067 priority patent/WO2019087830A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
    • F16F9/08—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid where gas is in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F16F9/084—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid where gas is in a chamber with a flexible wall comprising a gas spring contained within a flexible wall, the wall not being in contact with the damping fluid, i.e. mounted externally on the damper cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a damper that can improve the riding comfort in a vehicle by securing the volume of an air room in an air spring without deteriorating the mountability to the vehicle.SOLUTION: A damper D of the present invention comprise: an air chamber 4 comprising an extensible and contractible damper body 1 that has a rod 2 and an outer shell 3, and an air spring S that has an air room G and urges the damper body 1 in the extension direction, in which the air spring S is connected to the rod 2; a mounting member 5 mounted to the outer periphery of the outer shell 3; a piston pipe 6 fitted to the outer periphery of the mounting member 5; a rolling diaphragm 7 bridged between the air chamber 4 and the piston pipe 6; and a sub-chamber 8 that is connected to the mounting member 5 and has the inside put in communication with the inside of the piston pipe 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、緩衝器に関する。   The present invention relates to a shock absorber.

近年、乗り心地の更なる向上や車高調整を目的として懸架ばねをエアばねとするエアサスペンションが実用化されており、このようなエアサスペンションでは、たとえば、緩衝器本体周りにエア室を設けて緩衝器本体とエアばねとを一体化した緩衝器が広く採用されるに到っている。   In recent years, an air suspension that uses a suspension spring as an air spring has been put to practical use for the purpose of further improving the ride comfort and adjusting the vehicle height. In such an air suspension, for example, an air chamber is provided around the shock absorber main body. A shock absorber that integrates a shock absorber body and an air spring has come to be widely adopted.

エアばねは、緩衝器本体におけるロッドに装着される筒状のエアチャンバと、緩衝器本体におけるシリンダに装着される筒状のピストンパイプと、ピストンパイプとエアチャンバに架け渡されるローリングダイヤフラムとを備えて、エア室を形成している。そして、エアばねは、緩衝器本体の伸縮に伴って、エアチャンバ内にピストンパイプが出入りしてエア室の容積を変化させ、エア室の容積に応じて緩衝器本体を伸長方に附勢する弾発力を発揮する。   The air spring comprises a cylindrical air chamber mounted on a rod in the shock absorber body, a cylindrical piston pipe mounted on a cylinder in the shock absorber body, and a rolling diaphragm bridged between the piston pipe and the air chamber. To form an air chamber. And, with expansion and contraction of the shock absorber main body, the air spring moves the piston pipe into and out of the air chamber, changes the volume of the air chamber, and biases the shock absorber main body according to the volume of the air chamber. Demonstrate resilience.

つまり、このように構成された緩衝器は、緩衝器本体が収縮するとエアばねが容積を減少させてエア室内の圧力を高めて前記弾発力を強めるので、車体を弾性支持する懸架ばねとして機能する（たとえば、特許文献１参照）。   That is, the shock absorber thus configured functions as a suspension spring that elastically supports the vehicle body because the air spring reduces the volume and increases the pressure in the air chamber to strengthen the elastic force when the shock absorber body contracts. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２０１１−１２７６８４号公報JP, 2011-127684, A

エアばねのばね定数はエア室の容積に反比例するため、エアばねは、緩衝器本体の伸縮量に対して非線形な弾発力を発揮し、エア室の容積が小さくなると非常に大きな弾発力を発揮する。よって、緩衝器本体が最収縮するとエア室の容積が最小となるが、この最小容積が小さいとエアばねは非常に大きな弾発力を発揮するようになるので、車両における乗心地を損なってしまう。   Since the spring constant of the air spring is inversely proportional to the volume of the air chamber, the air spring exerts a non-linear elastic force with respect to the amount of expansion and contraction of the shock absorber main body, and when the volume of the air chamber becomes small, the very large elastic force Demonstrate. Therefore, when the shock absorber body is fully contracted, the volume of the air chamber is minimized, but when the minimum volume is small, the air spring exerts a very large resilient force, which impairs the ride comfort in the vehicle. .

以上より、エアばねにおけるエア室の最小容積をできるだけ大きく確保して容積変化を少なくすれば、エアばねの非線形な特性が出現しにくく、温度変化に対しても寛容となって、車両における乗心地を良好なものとできる。しかしながら、エア室の容積確保のために単純にエアチャンバやピストンパイプを大型化すると緩衝器の外径が大型化してしまい車両への搭載性が悪化し、車両へ搭載できなくなってしまう恐れがある。   From the above, if the minimum volume of the air chamber in the air spring is secured as large as possible to reduce the volume change, it is difficult for the non-linear characteristics of the air spring to appear and tolerance to temperature change is obtained. Can be made good. However, if the air chamber or the piston pipe is simply enlarged to secure the volume of the air chamber, the outer diameter of the shock absorber may be increased, the mountability on the vehicle may be deteriorated, and the shock absorber may not be mounted on the vehicle. .

そこで、本発明は、車両への搭載性を損なわずにエアばねにおけるエア室の容積を確保して車両における乗心地を向上できる緩衝器の提供を目的とする。   Then, this invention aims at provision of the shock absorber which can ensure the volume in the air chamber in an air spring, and can improve the riding comfort in a vehicle, without impairing the mounting property to a vehicle.

上記した目的を達成するため、本発明の緩衝器は、ロッドとロッドが出入りするアウターシェルとを有して伸縮可能な緩衝器本体と、エア室を有して緩衝器本体を伸長方向へ附勢するエアばねとを備え、エアばねが緩衝器本体におけるロッドに連結される筒状のエアチャンバと、アウターシェルの外周に装着される環状の取付部材と、筒状であって取付部材の外周に装着されるピストンパイプと、エアチャンバとピストンパイプとに架け渡されるローリングダイヤフラムと、中空であって取付部材に接続されるとともに内部がピストンパイプ内に連通されるサブチャンバとを有して構成されている。このように構成された緩衝器は、ピストンパイプをアウターシェルに取付ける取付部材５にサブチャンバが接続されているので、エアチャンバおよびピストンパイプを回避した位置にサブチャンバを設置できる。よって、外径が大きなエアチャンバとピストンパイプを回避する位置にエア室の容積に寄与するサブチャンパを設置できるから、緩衝器の大型化を回避しつつもエア室の容積を確保できる。   In order to achieve the above object, the shock absorber of the present invention has a rod and an outer shell through which the rod enters and exits, and has an extendable shock absorber body, and an air chamber to extend the shock absorber body in the extension direction. A cylindrical air chamber having an air spring for biasing, the air spring being connected to the rod in the shock absorber body, an annular mounting member mounted on the outer periphery of the outer shell, and a cylindrical outer periphery of the mounting member A piston pipe mounted on the housing, a rolling diaphragm bridged between the air chamber and the piston pipe, and a sub-chamber which is hollow and connected to the mounting member and whose inside is in communication with the piston pipe It is done. Since the subchamber is connected to the mounting member 5 for attaching the piston pipe to the outer shell in such a shock absorber, the subchamber can be installed at a position avoiding the air chamber and the piston pipe. Therefore, since the sub-chamber contributing to the volume of the air chamber can be installed at a position avoiding the air chamber and the piston pipe having a large outer diameter, the volume of the air chamber can be secured while avoiding enlargement of the shock absorber.

また、緩衝器本体を車両の車体と車輪との間に介装するにあたってサブチャンバを緩衝器本体に対して車輪とは反対側に配置してもよい。このようにすると、車輪にサブチャンバが干渉しないので、緩衝器本体を可能な限り車輪に接近させて配置でき、緩衝器が減衰力を発揮しやすくなって車体の振動を効果的に抑制できる。   Also, when the shock absorber body is interposed between the vehicle body and the wheel of the vehicle, the sub-chamber may be disposed on the opposite side of the shock absorber body to the wheel. In this case, since the sub-chambers do not interfere with the wheel, the shock absorber main body can be disposed as close to the wheel as possible, and the shock absorber can easily exert a damping force to effectively suppress the vibration of the vehicle body.

さらに、サブチャンバをピストンパイプよりも下方であってアウターシェルの側方に平行に配置するようにしてもよく、このようにすると、緩衝器本体の周囲であって緩衝器の外径の大型化を回避できる位置にサブチャンバを設置でき、緩衝器の無用な大型化も回避できる。   Furthermore, the sub-chamber may be disposed below the piston pipe and parallel to the side of the outer shell, and in this case, the outer diameter of the shock absorber is increased around the shock absorber body. It is possible to install the sub-chamber at a position where it is possible to avoid the unnecessary use of the shock absorber.

また、サブチャンバが取付部材に固定的に支持される場合、サブチャンバを緩衝器本体以外の別所へ固定するための取付具が不要となるので、緩衝器が安価となるとともに車両への付け外しも容易となる。   In addition, when the sub-chamber is fixedly supported by the mounting member, a mounting tool for fixing the sub-chamber to a different place other than the shock absorber main body is not necessary, so the shock absorber becomes inexpensive and attachment to and removal from the vehicle Is also easy.

さらに、サブチャンバは、エアチャンバに常時連通しているので、エア室の容積を大きくできる。   Furthermore, since the sub-chamber is always in communication with the air chamber, the volume of the air chamber can be increased.

本発明の緩衝器によれば、車両への搭載性を損なわずにエアばねにおけるエア室の容積を確保して車両における乗心地を向上できる。   According to the shock absorber of the present invention, the volume of the air chamber in the air spring can be secured without impairing the mountability to the vehicle, and the ride comfort in the vehicle can be improved.

本発明の一実施の形態における緩衝器の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the buffer in one embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施の形態における緩衝器を車両の車体と車輪との間に介装した状態を示した図である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which a shock absorber according to an embodiment of the present invention is interposed between a vehicle body and wheels of a vehicle. 本発明の一実施の形態の第一変形例における緩衝器の側面図である。It is a side view of the buffer in the 1st modification of one embodiment of the present invention.

以下、図に示した一実施の形態に基づいて本発明について説明する。一実施の形態における緩衝器Ｄは、ロッド２とロッド２が出入りするアウターシェル３とを有して伸縮可能な緩衝器本体１と、エア室Ｇを有して緩衝器本体１を伸長方向へ附勢するエアばねＳとを備えている。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. The shock absorber D in one embodiment has the rod 2 and the outer shell 3 through which the rod 2 enters and exits, and has an extendable shock absorber body 1 and an air chamber G to extend the shock absorber body 1 in the extension direction. An air spring S is provided.

この緩衝器Ｄは、アウターシェル３の図１中下端を図示しない車両の車軸へ連結し、ロッド２を図示しない車両の車体へ連結して、車体と車軸との間に介装できるようになっている。そして、緩衝器Ｄは、ロッド２とアウターシェル３との軸方向の相対移動、つまり、伸縮によって緩衝器本体１が減衰力を発揮し車体振動を抑制する。   The shock absorber D connects the lower end of the outer shell 3 in FIG. 1 to the axle of the vehicle (not shown), couples the rod 2 to the vehicle body of the vehicle (not shown), and can be interposed between the vehicle body and the axle ing. Then, in the shock absorber D, the relative movement of the rod 2 and the outer shell 3 in the axial direction, that is, expansion and contraction causes the shock absorber main body 1 to exhibit a damping force to suppress vehicle body vibration.

エアばねＳは、緩衝器本体１におけるロッド２に連結される筒状のエアチャンバ４と、アウターシェル３の外周に装着される環状の取付部材５と、筒状であって取付部材５の外周に装着されるピストンパイプ６と、エアチャンバ４とピストンパイプ６とに架け渡されるローリングダイヤフラム７と、中空であって取付部材５に接続されるとともに内部がピストンパイプ６内に連通されるサブチャンバ８とを備えて構成されている。そして、緩衝器本体１の外周にエアチャンバ４、取付部材５、ピストンパイプ６、ローリングダイヤフラム７およびサブチャンバ８で区画されたエア室Ｇが形成されており、このエア室Ｇ内に気体が充填されている。   The air spring S has a cylindrical air chamber 4 connected to the rod 2 in the shock absorber main body 1, an annular mounting member 5 mounted on the outer periphery of the outer shell 3, and a cylindrical outer periphery of the mounting member 5. The piston pipe 6 mounted on the cylinder, the rolling diaphragm 7 bridged between the air chamber 4 and the piston pipe 6, and the sub chamber which is hollow and connected to the mounting member 5 and whose inside is communicated with the piston pipe 6 And 8 are configured. An air chamber G is formed on the outer periphery of the shock absorber main body 1 and is divided by the air chamber 4, the mounting member 5, the piston pipe 6, the rolling diaphragm 7, and the sub chamber 8. It is done.

エアばねＳは、緩衝器本体１が伸縮すると、エアチャンバ４内に対してピストンパイプ６が出入りしてエア室Ｇの容積が変化して内部圧力が変動し、エア室Ｇ内の圧力に応じて緩衝器本体１を伸長方向へ附勢する弾発力を発揮する。よって、緩衝器Ｄが車体と車軸との間に介装されると、エアばねＳは、緩衝器本体１に並列される懸架ばねとして機能する。なお、緩衝器Ｄの使用形態は、車両の車体と車軸との間に介装される使用形態に限られない。   As the air spring S expands and contracts the shock absorber main body 1, the piston pipe 6 enters and leaves the air chamber 4, the volume of the air chamber G changes, the internal pressure fluctuates, and the pressure in the air chamber G Thus, it exerts an elastic force that biases the shock absorber main body 1 in the extension direction. Thus, when the shock absorber D is interposed between the vehicle body and the axle, the air spring S functions as a suspension spring parallel to the shock absorber body 1. The use form of the shock absorber D is not limited to the use form interposed between the vehicle body of the vehicle and the axle.

以下、各部について詳細に説明する。緩衝器本体１は、本例では複筒型とされており、図示はしないが、アウターシェル３内に収容されるシリンダと、シリンダ内に移動可能に収容されるとともにロッド２に連結されるピストンと、シリンダ内にピストンで区画した二つの作動液体が充填される部屋と、シリンダとアウターシェル３との間に形成されるリザーバ室とを備えており、伸縮する際に減衰力を発揮するようになっている。なお、緩衝器本体１は、複筒型とされる他、単筒型とされてもよく、単筒型に設定される場合にはアウターシェル３内にピストンを摺動自在に挿入してアウターシェル内に二つの作動液体が充填される部屋を設ければよい。   Each part will be described in detail below. The shock absorber main body 1 is a double cylinder type in this example, and although not shown, a cylinder accommodated in the outer shell 3 and a piston accommodated movably in the cylinder and connected to the rod 2 And a chamber filled with two working liquids partitioned by pistons in a cylinder, and a reservoir chamber formed between the cylinder and the outer shell 3 so as to exert a damping force when expanding and contracting. It has become. The shock absorber main body 1 may be a single cylinder type other than a double cylinder type, and in the case of a single cylinder type, the piston may be slidably inserted into the outer shell 3 to form an outer It is sufficient to provide a chamber filled with two working liquids in the shell.

そして、アウターシェル３の外周には、環状の取付部材５が設けられている。取付部材５は、図１に示すように、環状であって図１中上方となるエアチャンバ４側へ向かうほど拡径しており、上端外周にピストンパイプ６が嵌合される環状凹部でなる嵌合部５ａを備えている。また、取付部材５は、嵌合部５ａより下方の一部における肉厚が厚くした肉厚部５ｂと、肉厚部５ｂを貫通する接続孔５ｃとを備えている。そして、取付部材５は、内径が最小となる下端内周をアウターシェル３の外周に嵌合させており、下端とアウターシェル３の外周との空隙を開先として溶接によってアウターシェル３に装着されている。また、取付部材５は、嵌合部５ａの外周に二つの環状溝５ｄ，５ｄを備えており、環状溝５ｄ，５ｄには、それぞれシールリング９，９が装着されている。   An annular mounting member 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the outer shell 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the mounting member 5 is annular and has a diameter increasing toward the air chamber 4 which is the upper side in FIG. 1, and is formed of an annular recess in which the piston pipe 6 is fitted at the upper outer periphery The fitting portion 5a is provided. Further, the mounting member 5 is provided with a thick portion 5b in which the thickness in a part below the fitting portion 5a is thick, and a connection hole 5c penetrating the thick portion 5b. The mounting member 5 is fitted on the outer periphery of the outer shell 3 at the lower end inner periphery where the inner diameter is minimum, and is mounted on the outer shell 3 by welding with the gap between the lower end and the outer periphery of the outer shell 3 as a gap. ing. Further, the mounting member 5 is provided with two annular grooves 5d, 5d on the outer periphery of the fitting portion 5a, and the seal rings 9, 9 are attached to the annular grooves 5d, 5d, respectively.

ピストンパイプ６は、筒状であって、アウターシェル３との間に所定の空間が形成されている。ピストンパイプ６は、図１に示すように、先端となる下端が取付部材５の嵌合部５ａへ嵌合されており、下端内周をシールリング９，９に密着させている。よって、取付部材５とピストンパイプ６との間は、シールリング９，９によって気密に封止されている。   The piston pipe 6 is cylindrical, and a predetermined space is formed between the piston pipe 6 and the outer shell 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end which is the tip end of the piston pipe 6 is fitted to the fitting portion 5 a of the mounting member 5, and the lower end inner periphery is in close contact with the seal rings 9 and 9. Thus, the seal ring 9 seals the space between the mounting member 5 and the piston pipe 6 in an airtight manner.

そして、このようにピストンパイプ６を取付部材５に装着すると、取付部材５がアウターシェル３に固定されており、シールリング９，９がピストンパイプ６によって縮径されてピストンパイプ６に密着しているので、ピストンパイプ６は、アウターシェル３に対して抜けも回転も阻止される。   Then, when the piston pipe 6 is attached to the attachment member 5 in this manner, the attachment member 5 is fixed to the outer shell 3, and the seal rings 9 are reduced in diameter by the piston pipe 6 and closely attached to the piston pipe 6 Therefore, the piston pipe 6 is prevented from coming off and rotating with respect to the outer shell 3.

戻って、ロッド２には、筒状であって内径がピストンパイプ６の外径より大径のエアチャンバ４が取り付けられている。したがって、緩衝器本体１が伸縮する際に、エアチャンバ４は、ピストンパイプ６の基端となる上端の出入りを許容している。   Returning to the rod 2, an air chamber 4 which is cylindrical and whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the piston pipe 6 is attached. Therefore, when the shock absorber main body 1 expands and contracts, the air chamber 4 allows the upper end serving as the proximal end of the piston pipe 6 to move in and out.

ローリングダイヤフラム７は、筒状であってその図１中下端となる一端７ａが内側に折り返された状態でピストンパイプ６の図１中上端外周に固定バンド１０によって緊迫されて固定され、他端７ｂがエアチャンバ４の外周に固定バンド１１によって緊迫されて固定されている。また、エアチャンバ４の下端には、ローリングダイヤフラム７の外周から筒状のカバー１２が装着されている。   The rolling diaphragm 7 has a cylindrical shape and one end 7a which is the lower end in FIG. 1 is folded back inward by the fixing band 10 on the upper end outer periphery of the piston pipe 6 in FIG. Are tightly fixed to the outer periphery of the air chamber 4 by the fixing band 11. Further, a cylindrical cover 12 is attached to the lower end of the air chamber 4 from the outer periphery of the rolling diaphragm 7.

サブチャンバ８は、取付部材５の肉厚部５ｂに取付けられている。具体的には、サブチャンバ８は、取付部材５に取付けられるキャップ１３と、キャップ１３の図１中下方に取付けられる筒状の胴１４と、胴１４の図１中下端を閉塞する底板１５とを備えている。本例では、取付部材５における肉厚部５ｂにおける側面は、平面となっていて、サブチャンバ８は、肉厚部５ｂに取付けられる。具体的には、キャップ１３は、図１中上方側面に取付部材５の肉厚部５ｂの側面に沿うように側部に平面１３ａを有しており、この平面１３ａから下端に通じる通路１３ｂを備えており、取付部材５の肉厚部５ｂに取付けられると接続孔５ｃと通路１３ｂとが連通される。このように、キャップ１２と、キャップ１２の下端に装着される胴１４と、胴１４の下端に装着される底板１５とで、サブチャンバ８が構成されており、サブチャンバ８の内部には接続孔５ｃを介してピストンパイプ６内に連通される中空部１６が形成されている。そして、サブチャンバ８は、取付部材５に取付けられるとピストンパイプ６より下方であってアウターシェル３の側方に平行に配置される。なお、取付部材５へのサブチャンバ８の固定にあたって、溶接によってもよいし、取付部材５とサブチャンバ８とに雄螺子と雌螺子を設けて螺子締結してもよいし、取付部材５に螺子孔を設けてサブチャンパ８をボルトによって締結してもよい。   The sub chamber 8 is attached to the thick portion 5 b of the attachment member 5. Specifically, the sub-chamber 8 includes a cap 13 attached to the mounting member 5, a cylindrical barrel 14 attached below the cap 13 in FIG. 1, and a bottom plate 15 closing the lower end of the barrel 14 in FIG. Is equipped. In this example, the side surface of the thick portion 5b of the mounting member 5 is flat, and the sub-chamber 8 is attached to the thick portion 5b. Specifically, the cap 13 has a flat surface 13a on the side along the side surface of the thick portion 5b of the mounting member 5 on the upper side in FIG. 1, and the passage 13b leading from the flat surface 13a to the lower end The connection hole 5c and the passage 13b are communicated with each other when attached to the thick portion 5b of the attachment member 5. Thus, the sub chamber 8 is constituted by the cap 12, the body 14 attached to the lower end of the cap 12, and the bottom plate 15 attached to the lower end of the body 14, and the connection is made inside the sub chamber 8 A hollow portion 16 communicated with the inside of the piston pipe 6 through the hole 5c is formed. The sub-chamber 8 is disposed below the piston pipe 6 and in parallel with the side of the outer shell 3 when the sub-chamber 8 is attached to the mounting member 5. The sub-chamber 8 may be fixed to the mounting member 5 by welding, or a male screw and a female screw may be provided on the mounting member 5 and the sub-chamber 8 for screw fastening, or the screw on the mounting member 5 A hole may be provided to fasten the sub-chamber 8 with a bolt.

このようにエアばねＳを構成すると、エアチャンバ４、取付部材５、ピストンパイプ６およびローリングダイヤフラム７とで緩衝器本体１の外周に仕切られる空間Ｒが中空部１６に連通される。このように、サブチャンバ８は、エアチャンバ４に常時連通しており、エア室Ｇの容積は、空間Ｒの容積にサブチャンバ８における中空部１６の容積を加算したものとなる。サブチャンバ８がエアチャンバ４に常時連通しているので、エア室Ｇの容積を大きくできる。   When the air spring S is configured as described above, a space R partitioned by the air chamber 4, the mounting member 5, the piston pipe 6 and the rolling diaphragm 7 on the outer periphery of the shock absorber main body 1 is communicated with the hollow portion 16. Thus, the subchamber 8 is always in communication with the air chamber 4, and the volume of the air chamber G is the volume of the space R plus the volume of the hollow portion 16 in the subchamber 8. Since the sub chamber 8 is always in communication with the air chamber 4, the volume of the air chamber G can be increased.

なお、本例では、取付部材５の肉厚部５ｂにおける接続孔５ｃの開口の周囲にはこれを取り囲むとともにキャップ１２の平面１２ａに密着するシールリング１７が装着されており、取付部材５とキャップ１２との間が気密に封止されている。シールリング１７は、取付部材５ではなくキャップ１２に装着されてもよい。   In this example, a seal ring 17 surrounding the opening of the connection hole 5c in the thick portion 5b of the mounting member 5 and closely contacting the flat surface 12a of the cap 12 is mounted, and the mounting member 5 and the cap The space between 12 and 12 is hermetically sealed. The seal ring 17 may be attached to the cap 12 instead of the attachment member 5.

このように構成された緩衝器Ｄは、緩衝器本体１が伸縮すると、エアチャンバ４に対してピストンパイプ６が遠近する。緩衝器本体１が伸縮に伴って、ローリングダイヤフラム７は、カバー１２によってガイドされて折り返し位置を変化させて、エアチャンバ４とピストンパイプ６の相対移動を許容して、エア室Ｇ内の容積を変化させる。よって、緩衝器Ｄが伸縮するとエア室Ｇ内の容積が変化し、エアばねＳは、エア室Ｇの容積変化に応じて緩衝器本体１を伸長方向に附勢する弾発力を発揮する。   In the shock absorber D configured in this way, when the shock absorber body 1 expands and contracts, the piston pipe 6 approaches and approaches the air chamber 4. As the shock absorber main body 1 expands and contracts, the rolling diaphragm 7 is guided by the cover 12 to change the folding position to allow relative movement between the air chamber 4 and the piston pipe 6 and to adjust the volume in the air chamber G. Change. Therefore, when the shock absorber D expands and contracts, the volume in the air chamber G changes, and the air spring S exerts a resilient force that biases the shock absorber main body 1 in the extension direction according to the volume change of the air chamber G.

そして、本発明の緩衝器Ｄは、ロッド２とロッド２が出入りするアウターシェル３とを有して伸縮可能な緩衝器本体１と、エア室Ｇを有して緩衝器本体１を伸長方向へ附勢するエアばねＳとを備え、エアばねＳが緩衝器本体１におけるロッド２に連結される筒状のエアチャンバ４と、アウターシェル３の外周に装着される環状の取付部材５と、筒状であって取付部材５の外周に装着されるピストンパイプ６と、エアチャンバ４とピストンパイプ６とに架け渡されるローリングダイヤフラム７と、中空であって取付部材５に接続されるとともに内部がピストンパイプ６内に連通されるサブチャンバ８とを有して構成されている。   The shock absorber D of the present invention has the rod 2 and the outer shell 3 into which the rod 2 enters and exits, and has the shockable shock absorber main body 1 and the air chamber G to extend the shock absorber main body 1 in the extension direction. A cylindrical air chamber 4 provided with a biasing air spring S, the air spring S being connected to the rod 2 in the shock absorber main body 1, an annular mounting member 5 mounted on the outer periphery of the outer shell 3, and a cylinder Piston member 6 mounted on the outer periphery of the mounting member 5, a rolling diaphragm 7 bridging the air chamber 4 and the piston pipe 6, hollow and connected to the mounting member 5 and having an internal piston And a sub-chamber 8 communicated with the inside of the pipe 6.

このように構成された緩衝器Ｄは、ピストンパイプ６をアウターシェル３に取付ける取付部材５にサブチャンバ８が接続されているので、エアチャンバ４およびピストンパイプ６を回避した位置にサブチャンバ８を設置できる。よって、外径が大きなエアチャンバ４とピストンパイプ６を回避する位置にエア室Ｇの容積に寄与するサブチャンパ８を設置できるから、緩衝器Ｄの大型化を回避しつつもエア室Ｇの容積を確保できる。緩衝器本体１が伸縮すると空間Ｒの容積は変化するが、サブチャンバ８の中空部１６の容積は変化しないので、サブチャンバ８の設置によってエア室Ｇの最小容積を大きくできる。そのため、本発明の緩衝器Ｄは、エアばねＳの非線形な特性が出現しにくくなって車両における乗心地を向上させ得る。以上より、本発明の緩衝器Ｄによれば、車両への搭載性を損なわずにエアばねＳにおけるエア室Ｇの容積を確保して、車両における乗心地を向上できる。   The shock absorber D thus configured has the sub chamber 8 connected to the mounting member 5 for attaching the piston pipe 6 to the outer shell 3, so that the sub chamber 8 is located at a position avoiding the air chamber 4 and the piston pipe 6. It can be installed. Therefore, the sub chamber 8 contributing to the volume of the air chamber G can be installed at a position avoiding the air chamber 4 and the piston pipe 6 having a large outer diameter, so the volume of the air chamber G can be increased while avoiding enlargement of the shock absorber D. Can be secured. Although the volume of the space R changes as the shock absorber main body 1 expands and contracts, the volume of the hollow portion 16 of the subchamber 8 does not change, so the minimum volume of the air chamber G can be increased by the installation of the subchamber 8. Therefore, the shock absorber D of the present invention can improve the riding comfort in the vehicle by making it difficult for the non-linear characteristics of the air spring S to appear. As described above, according to the shock absorber D of the present invention, the volume of the air chamber G in the air spring S can be secured without impairing the mountability to the vehicle, and the riding comfort in the vehicle can be improved.

また、図２に示すように、緩衝器Ｄを車両の車体Ｂと車輪Ｗとの間に介装する際に、サブチャンバ８を緩衝器本体１に対して車輪Ｗとは反対側に配置するとよい。つまり、緩衝器本体１の図２中で車輪側の端を通る仮想線Ｖよりもサブチャンバ８を車体Ｂ側に配置するとよい。このようにすると、車輪Ｗにサブチャンバ８が干渉しないので、緩衝器本体１を可能な限り車輪Ｗに接近させて配置できる。そうすると、車輪Ｗの図２中上下方向の変位に対する緩衝器本体１の伸縮量を大きく確保できるので、緩衝器Ｄが減衰力を発揮しやすくなって車体Ｂの振動を効果的に抑制できる。なお、本例では、緩衝器Ｄの下端であるアウターシェル３を車両の車輪Ｗに連結する際に、アウターシェル３の下端に設けたナックルブラケットＮを用いているが、車両が採用するサスペンション形式に適するブラケットを適宜選択して用いればよい。   Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the shock absorber D is interposed between the vehicle body B and the wheel W of the vehicle, the sub-chamber 8 is disposed on the opposite side of the shock absorber main body 1 with respect to the wheel W. Good. That is, the sub-chamber 8 may be disposed closer to the vehicle body B than a virtual line V passing through the end on the wheel side in FIG. 2 of the shock absorber main body 1. In this way, since the sub-chamber 8 does not interfere with the wheel W, the shock absorber main body 1 can be disposed as close to the wheel W as possible. As a result, since the expansion and contraction amount of the shock absorber main body 1 with respect to the displacement of the wheel W in the vertical direction in FIG. 2 can be secured, the shock absorber D easily exerts a damping force and the vibration of the vehicle body B can be effectively suppressed. In this example, when connecting the outer shell 3 which is the lower end of the shock absorber D to the wheel W of the vehicle, the knuckle bracket N provided at the lower end of the outer shell 3 is used. The bracket suitable for can be selected suitably and used.

さらに、本例の緩衝器Ｄでは、サブチャンバ８が取付部材５に取付けられるとピストンパイプ６よりも下方であってアウターシェル３の側方に平行に配置されるので、緩衝器本体１の周囲であって緩衝器Ｄの外径の大型化を回避できる位置にサブチャンバ８を設置できる。また、緩衝器本体１が減衰力を変更可能であって減衰力調整部がアウターシェル３の下端側部に突出するような構造を採用していても、エアピストン６より下方のアウターシェル３の周囲には減衰力調整部を避け得るスペースがあるので、サブチャンバ８を容易に設置できる。また、サブチャンバ８がアウターシェル３に対して平行配置されるから、緩衝器Ｄの無用な大型化も回避できる。   Furthermore, in the shock absorber D of this example, the sub-chamber 8 is disposed below the piston pipe 6 and parallel to the side of the outer shell 3 when the sub-chamber 8 is attached to the mounting member 5. Thus, the sub-chamber 8 can be installed at a position where the increase in the outer diameter of the shock absorber D can be avoided. Further, even if the shock absorber main body 1 can change the damping force and the damping force adjustment portion has a structure in which the lower end side of the outer shell 3 protrudes, the outer shell 3 below the air piston 6 The subchamber 8 can be easily installed since there is a space around the damping force adjustment section. Further, since the sub-chamber 8 is disposed parallel to the outer shell 3, unnecessary enlargement of the shock absorber D can be avoided.

なお、本例では、サブチャンバ８が取付部材５に固定的に支持されているが、サブチャンバ８を別所に固定して、図３に示すように、取付部材５とサブチャンバ８とをホースＨで接続して、サブチャンバ８の中空部１６を空間Ｒに連通させてもよい。サブチャンバ８が取付部材５に固定的に支持される場合、サブチャンバ８を緩衝器本体１以外の別所へ固定するための取付具が不要となるので、緩衝器Ｄが安価となるとともに車両への付け外しも容易となる利点がある。   In the present embodiment, the sub-chamber 8 is fixedly supported by the mounting member 5, but the sub-chamber 8 is fixed at another place and the mounting member 5 and the sub-chamber 8 are hosed as shown in FIG. The hollow portion 16 of the subchamber 8 may be communicated with the space R by being connected with H. In the case where the subchamber 8 is fixedly supported by the mounting member 5, a mounting tool for fixing the subchamber 8 to another place other than the shock absorber main body 1 is not necessary, so the shock absorber D becomes inexpensive and There is an advantage of being easy to attach and detach.

以上、本発明の好ましい実施の形態を詳細に説明したが、特許請求の範囲から逸脱しない限り、改造、変形、および変更が可能である。   While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, modifications, variations and changes are possible without departing from the scope of the claims.

１・・・緩衝器本体、２・・・ロッド、３・・・アウターシェル、４・・・エアチャンバ、５・・・取付部材、６・・・ピストンパイプ、６ｃ・・・孔、７・・・ローリングダイヤフラム、８・・・サブチャンバ、Ｂ・・・車体、Ｇ・・・エア室、Ｓ・・・エアばね、Ｗ・・・車輪 Reference Signs List 1: shock absorber main body 2: rod 3 outer shell 4 air chamber 5 mounting member 6 piston pipe 6c hole 7 7 · · · Rolling diaphragm, 8 · · · sub-chamber, B · · · vehicle body, G · · · air chamber, S · · · air spring, W · · · wheels

Claims (5)

ロッドと前記ロッドが出入りするアウターシェルとを有して伸縮可能な緩衝器本体と、
エア室を有して前記緩衝器本体を伸長方向へ附勢するエアばねとを備え、
前記エアばねは、
前記ロッドに連結される筒状のエアチャンバと、
前記アウターシェルの外周に装着される環状の取付部材と、
筒状であって前記取付部材の外周に装着されるピストンパイプと、
前記エアチャンバと前記ピストンパイプとに架け渡されるローリングダイヤフラムと、
中空であって前記取付部材に接続されるとともに内部がピストンパイプ内に連通されるサブチャンバとを有し、
前記エアチャンバ、前記取付部材、前記ピストンパイプ、前記ローリングダイヤフラムおよび前記サブチャンバで前記エア室を形成している
ことを特徴とする緩衝器。 A retractable shock absorber body having a rod and an outer shell through which the rod enters and exits;
And an air spring having an air chamber for biasing the shock absorber body in the extension direction,
The air spring is
A cylindrical air chamber connected to the rod;
An annular mounting member mounted on the outer periphery of the outer shell;
A piston pipe which is cylindrical and mounted on the outer periphery of the mounting member;
A rolling diaphragm bridged between the air chamber and the piston pipe;
And a sub-chamber which is hollow and connected to the mounting member and whose inside is in communication with the piston pipe;
The air chamber is formed by the air chamber, the attachment member, the piston pipe, the rolling diaphragm, and the sub-chamber. 前記緩衝器本体は、車両の車体と車輪との間に介装され、
前記サブチャンバは、前記緩衝器本体に対して前記車輪とは反対側に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の緩衝器。 The shock absorber main body is interposed between the vehicle body of the vehicle and the wheels,
The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the sub-chamber is disposed on the opposite side of the shock absorber body to the wheel. 前記サブチャンバは、前記ピストンパイプよりも下方であって前記アウターシェルの側方に平行に配置される
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の緩衝器。 The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the sub-chamber is disposed below the piston pipe and in parallel with the side of the outer shell. 前記サブチャンバは、前記取付部材に固定的に支持される
ことを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の緩衝器。 The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sub-chamber is fixedly supported by the mounting member. 前記サブチャンバは、前記エアチャンバに常時連通している
ことを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の緩衝器。 The shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sub-chamber is in constant communication with the air chamber.
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JP2017166572A (en) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-21 Ｋｙｂモーターサイクルサスペンション株式会社 Buffer

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