JP2019078224A - Pin fin, pin fin group and turbine blade - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pin fin capable of more efficiently transmitting heat to cooling medium, a pin fin group, and a turbine blade.SOLUTION: A pin fin is configured to transmit heat from opposite first and second wall surfaces to cooling medium flowing between the first and second wall surfaces, and comprises a first projection part projecting from the first wall surface toward the second wall surface and a second projection part projecting from the second wall surface toward the first wall surface. On a base end side of the first and second projection parts, a width dimension in a direction orthogonal to flow of the cooling medium becomes maximum at a first position on an upstream side with respect to a center of a length along a flow direction of the cooling medium, while on a tip side thereof, the width dimension is smaller than the width dimension on the base end side, and the width dimension becomes maximum on a downstream side with respect to the first position.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present disclosure relates to pin fins, pin fins, and a turbine blade.

  For example, a turbine blade used for a gas turbine or the like is internally provided with a cooling passage for cooling, and cooling metal is circulated through the cooling passage to suppress the temperature rise of the blade metal (see Patent Document 1). ). For example, in the turbine blade described in Patent Document 1, in order to efficiently transfer the heat of the turbine blade to the cooling air, a plurality of cylindrical pin fins are provided in the cooling passage.

Patent No. 3040590

  For example, in a gas turbine combined cycle for power generation, it is effective to raise a combustion temperature in order to improve the thermal efficiency. However, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of thermal efficiency to circulate more cooling air in order to suppress the temperature rise of the wing metal. Therefore, it is desirable to transfer the heat of the turbine blade to the cooling air more efficiently to cool the turbine blade.

  In view of the above-described circumstances, at least one embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a pin fin, a pin fin group, and a turbine blade capable of transferring heat to a cooling medium more efficiently.

(1) A pin fin according to at least one embodiment of the present invention,
A pin fin for transferring heat from the first and second walls to a cooling medium flowing between the opposing first and second walls,
And a second protrusion projecting from the second wall surface toward the first wall surface.
A direction along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the direction defining the maximum dimension of the tip end face of each of the first and second protrusions along the first direction, the first wall surface and the second wall surface Defined as a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction,
In each of the first and second protrusions, the dimension in the first direction is defined as the length dimension, and the dimension in the second direction is defined as the width dimension.
Each of the first and second protrusions is
A proximal end at which the width dimension is maximized at a first position upstream of the flow of the cooling medium than an intermediate position of the length dimension, and an intermediate portion positioned closer to the distal end surface than the proximal end. An intermediate portion having a width smaller than the base end at the first position and having a maximum width at the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium than the first position;
including.

In the configuration of the above (1), the first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.
That is, in the configuration of the above (1), the width dimension of the base end portion is largest at the first position on the upstream side of the flow of the cooling medium than the middle position of the length dimension. The cooling medium flowing along is guided from the first and second wall surfaces toward the leading end surface side of the first and second protrusions as it goes to the first position. Since the width dimension of the base end portion is smaller on the downstream side than the first position, the cooling medium guided toward the distal end surface side as described above passes the first position, and the first and The flow direction changes so as to be directed to the second wall side. At this time, in the configuration of the above (1), since the width dimension of the intermediate portion is maximum on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium than the first position, the direction of the above-mentioned flow of the cooling medium having passed the first position Promote change.
Therefore, according to the configuration of the above (1), the mixing of the cooling medium is promoted by the movement of the cooling medium in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the cooling medium.

If the mixing of the cooling medium is not promoted and the cooling medium flows to form a laminar flow along the first and second walls, heat transfer from the first and second walls to the cooling medium is downstream. There is a risk of
However, as described above, according to the configuration of the above (1), the mixing of the cooling medium is promoted by the movement of the cooling medium in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the cooling medium, so the first and second wall surfaces There is no possibility that the heat transfer to the cooling medium from the downstream decreases, and the first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.

Further, in the configuration of the above (1), heat is efficiently transferred from the first and second protrusions to the cooling medium, so that the first and second wall surfaces can be efficiently cooled.
That is, in general, in the columnar member extending in the direction orthogonal to the flow of the cooling medium, the heat transfer to the cooling medium occurs because the flow velocity of the cooling medium on the surface of the columnar member is high upstream of the flow of the cooling medium However, on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium, the flow of the cooling medium separates from the surface of the columnar member and the flow velocity of the cooling medium decreases, so that the heat transfer to the cooling medium is not good.
However, in the configuration of the above (1), since the width dimension of the middle portion is the largest downstream of the flow of the cooling medium than the first position, the region where the flow velocity of the cooling medium decreases in the middle portion can be reduced. In other words, in the configuration of the above (1), it is possible to expand the region where the flow velocity of the cooling medium is high, that is, the region where the heat transfer is good, on the upstream surface of the middle portion.
Therefore, according to the configuration of the above (1), since the heat is efficiently transferred to the cooling medium in the middle portion, the first and second wall surfaces can be efficiently cooled.

Furthermore, in the configuration of the above (1), as described above, the cooling medium guided toward the tip end face flows from the tip end face toward the first and second wall faces when passing the first position. Change in direction. Therefore, the cooling medium directed from the distal end surface toward the first and second wall surfaces flows along the surface downstream of the first position of the proximal end, whereby the cooling medium downstream of the first position of the proximal end It is possible to suppress the decrease in the flow velocity of the cooling medium on the surface.
Therefore, according to the configuration of the above (1), since the heat is efficiently transferred to the cooling medium at the proximal end portion, the first and second wall surfaces can be efficiently cooled.

(2) In some embodiments, in the configuration of the above (1), the width dimension of the middle portion is the largest downstream of the flow of the cooling medium than the middle position of the length dimension.
According to the configuration of the above (2), the region where the flow velocity of the cooling medium decreases as described above can be further reduced in the middle portion, so the region where the heat transfer becomes good can be further expanded.
Therefore, according to the configuration of the above (2), the heat is more efficiently transferred to the cooling medium in the intermediate portion, so that the first and second wall surfaces can be efficiently cooled.

(3) In some embodiments, in the configuration of the above (1) or (2), is the width dimension of the middle part the same as the width dimension of the base end part at any position in the first direction? , Smaller than the width dimension of the proximal end.
In the configuration of the above (3), since the cooling medium tends to flow toward the downstream side near the middle portion, the cooling medium guided to the tip surface side tends to flow toward the downstream side as described above, The pressure loss of the cooling medium can be reduced. Thereby, since the flow rate reduction of the cooling medium can be suppressed, the first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.

Further, in the configuration of the above (3), the pin fins can be manufactured inexpensively by casting.
That is, for example, in the case where the opposing first and second wall surfaces and the pin fins are integrally formed by lost wax precision casting, the pin fins are excluded from the space sandwiched between the opposing first wall surface and the second wall surface. A wax mold is molded using a core having the same shape as the space. Generally, when manufacturing a core, since the core is manufactured using a half mold, the core must be able to be removed from the half mold, and the shape of the core is restricted. receive.

  According to the configuration of the above (3), since the width dimension of the middle portion is equal to or smaller than the width dimension of the base end at any position in the first direction, the half mold is The core can be removed from the portions corresponding to the first and second projections in the above, and the core used for casting the pin fin of the configuration of the above (3) can be easily manufactured. Therefore, the pin fins of the above configuration (3) can be manufactured inexpensively by casting.

(4) In some embodiments, in the configuration according to any one of the above (1) to (3), the first protrusion and the second protrusion correspond to the first wall surface and the second wall surface. It is symmetrical about the interface.
According to the configuration of (4), the flow of the cooling medium flowing between the first and second wall surfaces is also symmetrical with respect to the intermediate surface, so that both of the first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.

(5) In some embodiments, in any one of the configurations (1) to (4), the first protrusion and the second protrusion are connected to each other at the tip surfaces.
According to the configuration of the above (5), since the first and second protrusions whose tip surfaces are connected to each other play a role as a reinforcing member for the first and second wall surfaces, the strength of the first and second wall surfaces can be increased. It can improve.

(6) In some embodiments, in the configuration of any one of (1) to (4), the tip surfaces of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are separated from each other.
According to the configuration of the above (6), the tip end surfaces of the first and second protrusions contact the cooling medium, so the contact area of the first and second protrusions with the cooling medium can be increased. Thus, heat is efficiently transferred from the first and second protrusions to the cooling medium, so that the first and second wall surfaces can be efficiently cooled.

(7) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (6) above,
The first and second protrusions have at least one notch along the first direction on the upstream side of the flow of the cooling medium,
The dimension of the said 2nd direction becomes large as the said notch part leaves | separates from the said, 1st and 2nd wall surface.
According to the configuration of (7), since the first and second protrusions have at least one notch along the first direction on the upstream side of the flow of the coolant, the coolant is a notch It is induced to. In addition, since the dimension of the notch in the second direction increases with distance from the first and second wall surfaces, the cooling medium guided to the notch is guided away from the first and second wall surfaces. This promotes mixing of the cooling medium by moving the cooling medium in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the cooling medium, thereby promoting heat transfer from the first and second wall surfaces to the cooling medium. The second wall can be cooled efficiently.

(8) A pin fin group according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
A pin fin group comprising a plurality of pin fins according to any one of the above (1) to (7), wherein
The plurality of pin fins are
A first pin fin row including a plurality of the pin fins arranged at intervals in the second direction;
A second pin fin row including a plurality of the pin fins arranged at intervals in the second direction on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium in the first direction with respect to the first pin fin row.

  In the configuration of the above (8), since two pin fin rows including a plurality of pin fins arranged at intervals in the second direction exist in the first direction, the first and second wall surfaces can be efficiently cooled.

(9) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (8) above,
The first protrusion and the second protrusion are connected by the tip surfaces,
Any pin fin in the first pin fin row is a first pin fin,
A second pin fin that is closest to the first pin fin in the second pin fin row;
One half of the maximum value of the width dimension at the tip end face of the first pin fin is R1,
One half of the maximum value of the width dimension in the tip end face of the second pin fin is R2,
When the separation distance in the second direction between the middle position of the width dimension of the first pin fin at the tip end surface and the middle position of the width dimension of the second pin fin at the tip end surface is defined as Da The relationship of R1-R2> 0 is satisfied.

  According to the configuration of (9), when the first pin fin row and the second pin fin row are projected in the first direction, a region in which the first pin fin row and the second pin fin row do not overlap at least in the vicinity of the middle portion. The pressure loss of the cooling medium can be reduced. Thereby, since the flow rate reduction of the cooling medium can be suppressed, the first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.

(10) In some embodiments, in the configuration of (8) or (9) above,
Any pin fin in the first pin fin row is a first pin fin,
A second pin fin that is closest to the first pin fin in the second pin fin row;
1/2 of the maximum value of the width at the base end of the first pin fin is R3,
One half of the maximum value of the width at the base end of the second pin fin is R4,
When the separation distance in the second direction between the middle position of the width at the base end of the first pin fin and the middle of the width at the base of the second pin fin is defined as Db, The relationship of Db-R3-R4 <0 is satisfied.

As described above, the cooling medium is guided from the first and second wall surfaces toward the distal end surface side when passing near the proximal end portions of the first and second protrusions, and then from the distal end surface side The mixing is promoted by being induced toward the first and second wall surfaces.
According to the configuration of the above (10), when the first pin fin row and the second pin fin row are projected in the first direction, the first pin fin row and the second pin fin row overlap at least a part of the base end portion. An area of mixing is formed, and the mixing of the cooling medium as described above is repeated each time it passes through the pin fin row. Therefore, heat transfer from the first and second wall surfaces to the cooling medium is improved, and the first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.

(11) A pin fin group according to at least one embodiment of the present invention is
A plurality of pin fins according to any one of the configurations (1) to (7);
A pin fin group comprising a plurality of normal pin fins having a shape different from that of the pin fin;
The plurality of pin fins are provided downstream of the flow of the cooling medium than the plurality of normal pin fins.

The temperature of the cooling medium rises due to the heat taken from the member to be cooled, so the temperature difference with the member to be cooled becomes smaller toward the downstream side, and the cooling efficiency decreases.
In the configuration of the above (11), the plurality of pin fins capable of efficiently transferring heat to the cooling medium are provided downstream of the flow of the cooling medium than the plurality of normal pin fins. The first and second wall surfaces can be cooled efficiently.

(12) A turbine blade according to at least one embodiment of the present invention,
A turbine blade internally having a cooling passage formed between the first and second wall surfaces, wherein
In the cooling passage, a pin fin group having any one of the configurations (8) to (11) is provided.
According to the configuration of the above (12), the first and second wall surfaces of the turbine blade can be cooled efficiently.

  According to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling medium flowing between the opposing first and second wall surfaces can efficiently cool the first and second wall surfaces.

It is a schematic block diagram showing a gas turbine concerning one embodiment. It is an internal sectional view of the turbine bucket of one embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a turbine blade of an embodiment as viewed from direction A in FIG. 2. It is a figure which shows a part of cross section of a wing part when the cooling passage of one Embodiment is seen toward the downstream from the upstream of the flow of cooling air. It is a perspective view about a part of pin fin group provided in the cooling passage of one embodiment. It is a perspective view of a 1st projection. It is a figure showing the cross section when the 1st projection of one embodiment is seen from the z direction, (a) expresses the shape of the tip face, (b) expresses the shape of the base end face. It is the figure which looked at the 1st protrusion from z direction. It is a figure explaining arrangement of a plurality of pin fins in a pin fin group. It is a figure which shows typically a part of cross section of a wing part when the cooling passage of one embodiment is seen along the y direction. It is a figure showing the flow of cooling air in the vicinity of a pin fin, (a) is a figure showing the flow of cooling air in the vicinity of a tip face, and (b) expresses the flow of cooling air in the neighborhood of a base end. FIG. It is a perspective view about a portion concerning a pin fin group among cores for molding a wax type used for casting of a turbine bucket of one embodiment. It is a perspective view about a part of mold which is used for manufacture of a core. It is a perspective view of the 1st projection of other embodiments corresponding to the 1st projection of one embodiment. It is a perspective view of the 1st projection concerning other embodiments. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the first protrusion in FIG. 15 as viewed in the direction of the arrow, where (a) is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrow a in FIG. It is sectional drawing, (c) is arrow sectional drawing in c position of the x direction of FIG. It is CC arrow sectional drawing of FIG.16 (b).

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, etc. of the components described as the embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to this, but are merely illustrative. Absent.
For example, a representation representing a relative or absolute arrangement such as “in a direction”, “along a direction”, “parallel”, “orthogonal”, “center”, “concentric” or “coaxial” is strictly Not only does it represent such an arrangement, but also represents a state of relative displacement with an angle or distance that allows the same function to be obtained.
For example, expressions that indicate that things such as "identical", "equal" and "homogeneous" are equal states not only represent strictly equal states, but also have tolerances or differences with which the same function can be obtained. It also represents the existing state.
For example, expressions representing shapes such as quadrilateral shapes and cylindrical shapes not only represent shapes such as rectangular shapes and cylindrical shapes in a geometrically strict sense, but also uneven portions and chamfers within the range where the same effect can be obtained. The shape including a part etc. shall also be expressed.
On the other hand, the expressions "comprising", "having", "having", "including" or "having" one component are not exclusive expressions excluding the presence of other components.

  First, a gas turbine 100 according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram which shows the gas turbine 100 which concerns on one Embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a gas turbine 100 according to an embodiment includes a compressor 102 for generating compressed air, a combustor 104 for generating combustion gas using compressed air and fuel, and combustion gas. And a turbine 106 configured to be rotationally driven by the In the case of the gas turbine 100 for power generation, a generator (not shown) is connected to the turbine 106, and power generation is performed by rotational energy of the turbine 106.

A specific configuration example of each part in the gas turbine 100 will be described.
The compressor 102 is provided on the inlet side of the compressor casing 110 and the compressor casing 110, and penetrates the air intake 112 for taking in air, the compressor casing 110 and a turbine casing 122 described later. The rotor shaft 108 is provided, and various wings disposed in the compressor casing 110. The various wings are alternately arranged with respect to an inlet guide wing 114 provided on the air intake 112 side, a plurality of compressor vanes 116 fixed on the compressor casing 110 side, and the compressor vane 116. And a plurality of compression blades 118 embedded in the rotor shaft 108. In addition, the compressor 102 may be equipped with other components, such as a not-shown bleed chamber. In such a compressor 102, the air taken in from the air intake 112 is compressed through the plurality of compressor stator blades 116 and the plurality of compression blades 118 to generate compressed air. The compressed air is then sent from the compressor 102 to the combustor 104 in the subsequent stage.

  The combustor 104 is disposed in a casing (combustor casing) 120. As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of combustors 104 may be annularly disposed within the casing 120 with the rotor shaft 108 as the center. The fuel and the compressed air generated by the compressor 102 are supplied to the combustor 104, and the fuel is burned to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas which is a working fluid of the turbine 106. The combustion gas is then sent from the combustor 104 to the turbine 106 of the subsequent stage.

  The turbine 106 includes a turbine casing (casing) 122 and various turbine blades disposed in the turbine casing 122. The various turbine blades are a plurality of turbine vanes 124 fixed to the turbine casing 122 side, and a plurality of turbine blades embedded in the rotor shaft 108 so as to be alternately arranged with respect to the turbine vanes 124. And one. The turbine moving blade 1 is configured to generate a rotational driving force from the high temperature and high pressure combustion gas flowing in the turbine casing 122 together with the turbine stationary blade 124. The rotational driving force is transmitted to the rotor shaft 108. In addition, the specific structural example of the turbine moving blade 1 is mentioned later. The turbine 106 may also include other components such as outlet guide vanes. In the turbine 106 having the above-described configuration, the rotor shaft 108 is rotationally driven by the combustion gas passing through the plurality of turbine vanes 124 and the plurality of turbine blades 1. Thus, the generator connected to the rotor shaft 108 is driven.

  An exhaust chamber 129 is connected to the downstream side of the turbine casing 122 via an exhaust casing 128. The combustion gas after driving the turbine 106 is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust casing 128 and the exhaust chamber 129.

  FIG. 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the turbine rotor blade 1 of an embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the turbine rotor blade 1 of an embodiment as viewed from direction A of FIG. FIG. The turbine rotor blade 1 according to one embodiment includes a shank 2 and a wing 3, and the wing 3 is exposed to high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas.

  The wing 3 has a ventral wall (vent side wall) 13 and a dorsal wall (back side wall) 14. As shown in FIG. 3, when viewed in the radial direction of the rotor shaft 108, the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 are connected at the leading edge 18 and are separated at the trailing edge 19.

In the wing portion 3, a leading edge side serpentine cooling passage 6 and a trailing edge side serpentine cooling passage 7 for flowing cooling air as a cooling medium between the inner wall surface 13 a of the opposite side wall 13 and the inner wall surface 14 a of the back side wall 14. Is formed.
Specifically, partition walls 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d and 10e are provided inside wing portion 3 and are surrounded by partition walls 10a, 10b, 10c and 10e, abdominal wall 13 and back wall 14 Cooling passages 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g are formed.

The leading edge serpentine cooling passage 6 is a cooling passage provided on the front edge 18 side of the trailing edge serpentine cooling passage 7 and includes cooling passages 4a, 4b and 4c. The cooling passage 4a and the cooling passage 4b are connected by the turning portion 5a, and the cooling passage 4b and the cooling passage 4c are connected by the turning portion 5b.
The cooling air inlet 6 a of the leading edge side serpentine cooling passage 6 is provided on the root side of the turbine moving blade 1, and the cooling air outlet 6 b is provided on the end of the outer peripheral side (tip side) of the wing 3.

The trailing edge serpentine cooling passage 7 is a cooling passage provided on the trailing edge 19 side of the leading edge serpentine cooling passage 6 and includes cooling passages 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g. The cooling passage 4d and the cooling passage 4e are connected by the turning portion 5c, and the cooling passage 4e and the cooling passage 4f are connected by the turning portion 5d. The cooling passage 4g is connected to the trailing edge 19 side of the cooling passage 4f.
The cooling air inlet 7 a of the trailing edge side serpentine cooling passage 7 is provided on the root side of the turbine moving blade 1, and the cooling air outlet 7 b is provided on the trailing edge 19 of the wing 3. The outlet 7b of the cooling air is a downstream end of the flow of the cooling air in the cooling passage 4g.

  In each of the serpentine cooling passages 6 and 7, a plurality of ribbed ribs 12 for promoting heat transfer to the cooling air are provided. Further, in the cooling passage 4g on the most downstream side with respect to the flow of cooling air in the trailing edge serpentine cooling passage 7, pin fins having a plurality of pin fins 201 for promoting heat transfer to the cooling air, which will be described in detail later A group 200 is provided.

For example, compressed air extracted from the compressor 102 is used as the cooling air supplied to the turbine moving blade 1.
In the leading edge side serpentine cooling passage 6, the cooling air flowing in from the inlet 6a meanders between the tip side and the root side of the wing portion 3 by sequentially flowing through the cooling passages 4a, 4b and 4c, and the turbine from the outlet 6b It flows out of the moving blade 1.
In the trailing edge side serpentine cooling passage 7, the cooling air flowing in from the inlet 7a meanders between the tip side and the root side of the wing portion 3 by sequentially flowing through the cooling passages 4d, 4e, 4f, and the cooling passage 4g It flows toward the trailing edge 19 side and flows out from the outlet 7 b to the outside of the turbine bucket 1.

(About pin fin group 200)
FIG. 4 is a view showing a part of a cross section of the wing portion 3 when the cooling passage 4 g of an embodiment is viewed from the upstream side to the downstream side of the flow of cooling air, and FIG. 5 is an embodiment FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a portion of the pin fin group 200 provided in the cooling passage 4g of FIG. In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of the shape of each of the pin fins 201 constituting the pin fin group 200, the outline of the pin fins 201 is used in combination with a wire frame line that does not actually appear in FIG. May represent
The pin fin 201 according to one embodiment includes a first protrusion 210 projecting from the inner wall surface 13a of the abdominal side wall 13 toward the inner wall surface 14a of the back side wall 14, and an inner wall surface 13a of the abdominal wall 13 from the inner wall surface 14a of the back side wall 14. And a second protrusion 220 protruding toward the In one embodiment, the first projection 210 and the second projection 220 are intermediate surfaces 31 of the inner wall surface 13a of the abdominal side wall 13 and the inner wall surface 14a of the back side wall 14, ie, the inner wall surface 13a and the inner wall surface 14a. Each extends to a virtual surface located in the middle, and the distal end surface 211 of the first protrusion 210 and the distal end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 are connected at the intermediate surface 31. That is, in one embodiment, the pin fin 201 is integrally formed by the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220.
In one embodiment, the pin fin 201 is symmetrical about the intermediate surface 31 with respect to the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the first protrusion 210. FIG.
For convenience of explanation, the direction along the flow direction of the cooling air, which defines the maximum dimension LCmax (see FIG. 6) at the tip end face 211, 221 of each of the first and second protrusions 210, 220 is x The direction is the direction along the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a (see FIG. 4), and the direction orthogonal to the x direction is the y direction. Further, the direction orthogonal to the intermediate surface 31 is taken as the z direction.
The x, y, and z directions determined as described above are used to indicate directions in each of FIG. 4 and subsequent figures.
Also, in each of the first and second projections 210 and 220, the dimension in the x direction is referred to as the length dimension or simply the length, the dimension in the y direction is referred to as the width dimension or simply the width, and the dimension in the z direction is the height It is called dimension or simply height. In the following description, the x direction is also referred to as a length direction, the y direction is also referred to as a width direction, and the z direction is also referred to as a height direction.

In one embodiment, since the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 are symmetrical with respect to the intermediate surface 31, a direction defining the maximum dimension LCmax at the tip surface 211 of the first protrusion 210, and the second protrusion The direction in which the maximum dimension LCmax of the tip end surface 221 of the 220 is defined coincides with the direction. However, within the range that exerts the effects described later, the direction defining the maximum dimension LCmax in the tip end surface 211 of the first protrusion 210 and the direction defining the maximum dimension LCmax in the tip end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 It may be out of alignment.
In one embodiment, the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 are not shifted in the x direction and the y direction with the intermediate surface 31 as a boundary, but if within the range that produces the effects described later, The first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 may be shifted in the x direction or the y direction with the intermediate surface 31 as a boundary.

In one embodiment, the first projection 210 is a base end portion 212 which is a portion within a predetermined height dimension from the inner wall surface 13 a and a portion which is within a predetermined height dimension from the intermediate surface 31. And an intermediate portion 213 (see FIGS. 4 and 6). In the following description, a section of the first protrusion 210 at a position where the proximal end 212 rises from the inner wall surface 13a, that is, the position of the proximal end 212 on the innermost wall surface 13a side is referred to as a proximal end surface 214. Further, in the following description, a surface connecting the outer edge of the tip end surface 211 of the first protrusion 210 and the outer edge of the base end surface 214 is referred to as a side surface 215.
Similarly, the second protrusion 220 has a proximal end 222 which is a portion within a predetermined height dimension from the inner wall surface 14 a and an intermediate portion which is a portion within a predetermined height dimension from the intermediate surface 31. And H.223. In the following description, a section of the second projection 220 at a position where the proximal end portion 222 rises from the inner wall surface 14a, that is, a position on the innermost wall surface 14a side of the proximal end portion 222 is referred to as a proximal end surface 224. Further, in the following description, a surface connecting the outer edge of the distal end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 and the outer edge of the proximal end surface 224 is referred to as a side surface 225.

(About the shape of the first and second protrusions 210 and 220)
Hereinafter, the shape of the first protrusion 210 according to an embodiment will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. In addition, since the 2nd protrusion 220 of one Embodiment is symmetrical regarding the 1st protrusion 210 and the intermediate surface 31 of one Embodiment as mentioned above, it abbreviate | omits about description of the shape of the 2nd protrusion 220. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a cross section when the first protrusion 210 of one embodiment is viewed from the z direction, and FIG. 7 (a) shows the shape of the tip end surface 211, and FIG. 7 (b) shows The shape of the proximal end surface 214 is shown. FIG. 8 is a view of the first protrusion 210 as viewed from the z direction.

(1) Tip surface 211
As shown to Fig.7 (a), the front end surface 211 of one Embodiment is rounded in which the upstream upstream part 211f of the flow of cooling air and the downstream downstream part 211r are convex toward the outer side. It takes a shape. The upstream portion 211 f and the downstream portion 211 r may have an angular shape which is convex outward.
As described above, in the first protrusion 210 of the embodiment, among the length dimensions of the distal end surface 211, the length dimension at the middle position in the width direction is the maximum dimension LCmax.
In order to facilitate understanding of the shape of the tip end surface 211, in FIG. 7A, a virtual circle C1 having the maximum dimension LCmax as a diameter is represented by a two-dot chain line.
In one embodiment, the width dimension at the tip end surface 211 is smaller than the maximum dimension LCmax, and the downstream side of the flow of cooling air than the lengthwise middle position OC at the middle position in the width direction, that is, FIG. The maximum value WCmax is taken on the right side of.
In one embodiment, the tip end surface 211 is axisymmetrical with a line segment CLc that includes the intermediate position OC and extends in the x direction as a symmetry axis.

(2) Base end face 214
As shown in FIG. 7B, the base end surface 214 of one embodiment is rounded such that the upstream portion 214f on the upstream side and the downstream portion 214r on the downstream side of the flow of cooling air are convex outward. It takes a shape. The upstream portion 214 f and the downstream portion 214 r may have an angular shape that is convex outward.
In addition, in order to facilitate understanding of the shape of the base end surface 214, in FIG. 7B, a virtual circle C2 having a maximum dimension LBmax in the length direction as a diameter is represented by a two-dot chain line. In one embodiment, the maximum dimension LBmax in the longitudinal direction of the proximal end surface 214 is equal to the maximum dimension LCmax in the longitudinal direction of the distal end surface 211. Therefore, the circle C2 and the circle C1 in FIG. 7A have the same diameter.
In one embodiment, the width dimension at the base end surface 214 has the maximum value WBmax at the upstream side of the flow of cooling air, that is, on the left side of FIG. 7B than the lengthwise middle position OB at the middle position in the width direction. Take.
In one embodiment, the proximal end surface 214 is axisymmetrical with the line segment CLb including the intermediate position OB and extending in the x direction as the symmetry axis.

The shape of the first protrusion 210 of the embodiment will be further described.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the middle position OC of the distal end surface 211 and the middle position OB of the base end surface 214 coincide in position when viewed from the z direction.
For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the side surface 215 of the first protrusion 210 of one embodiment is formed of a surface that gently connects the outer edges of the distal end surface 211 and the proximal end surface 214. It should be noted that an angular region may be present on the side surface 215 as long as the effects described below can be achieved.

At the proximal end 212 of an embodiment, the width dimension is greatest at a first position upstream of the flow of cooling air relative to the mid-length position. Note that the position in the x direction indicated with reference numeral P1 in FIG. 7B and FIG. 8 is the first position on the base end surface 214.
In one embodiment, as described above, since the side surface 215 is formed by a surface that gently connects the outer edges of the distal end surface 211 and the base end surface 214 having different shapes, the xy plane at the proximal end 212 The shape of the cross section cut in a plane parallel to the direction varies with the position in the z direction. Also, in one embodiment, the first position at the proximal end 212 is different depending on the position in the z-direction.
Note that regardless of the position in the z direction, the shape of the cross section of the proximal end 212 cut by a plane parallel to the xy plane may be the same. In this case, the first position at the proximal end 212 is fixed at one position regardless of the position in the z direction.

The middle portion 213 of an embodiment has a smaller width dimension than the proximal end 212 at the first position. In the middle portion 213, the width dimension is maximized at the second position on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling air than the first position. In addition, the width dimension of the middle portion 213 is the largest downstream of the flow of the cooling air than the middle position of the length dimension.
Note that the position in the x direction indicated with a symbol P2 in FIG. 7A and FIG. 8 is the second position on the distal end surface 211. In one embodiment, as described above, since the side surface 215 is formed of a surface that gently connects the outer edges of the tip surface 211 and the base end surface 214 having different shapes, it is parallel to the xy plane in the middle portion 213 The shape of the cross section cut by the plane differs depending on the position in the z direction. In one embodiment, the second position in the middle portion 213 is different depending on the position in the z direction.
Note that regardless of the position in the z direction, the shape of the cross section of the intermediate portion 213 cut along a plane parallel to the xy plane may be the same. In this case, the second position in the middle portion 213 is fixed at one position regardless of the position in the z direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the width dimension of the middle portion 213 is the same as or smaller than the width dimension of the proximal end 212 at any position in the longitudinal direction. More specifically, the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213 is smaller than the width dimension of the proximal end 212 on the upstream side than a certain position along the flow of cooling air, and the proximal end on the downstream side thereof It is approximately equal to the width dimension of the part 212.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the arrangement of the plurality of pin fins 201 in the pin fin group 200, and is a view of the pin fin group 200 cut at the intermediate surface 31 as viewed from the back side wall 14 side.
In the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, a plurality of pin fins 201 are regularly arranged. Specifically, in the pin fin group 200, the pin fins 201, that is, the first protrusions 210 and the first protrusions 210 and the second protrusions 220 (not shown in FIG. 9) are arranged at a predetermined pitch Py along the y direction. And a second pin fin row 203.
The first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are repeatedly arranged at a predetermined pitch Px in the x direction (see FIGS. 5 and 9). The pin fins 201 of the first pin fin row 202 and the pin fins 201 of the second pin fin row 203 are arranged to be deviated in the y direction with a predetermined deviation amount D = 0.5 Py.

  In the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, assuming that Rc is 1/2 of the maximum value (maximum dimension LCmax) of the width dimension at the tip end surface 211 of each pin fin 201, the relationship of D-2Rc> 0 is satisfied (see FIG. 9) . Therefore, in the pin fin group 200 according to one embodiment, when the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are projected in the x direction, as shown in FIG. A non-overlapping region 32 which does not overlap with the two-pin fin row 203 is formed.

  Further, in the pin fin group 200 according to one embodiment, assuming that Rb is a half of the maximum value (maximum value WBmax) of the width dimension at the base end portion 212 of each pin fin 201, the relationship D-2Rb <0 is satisfied (see FIG. 9). Therefore, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, when the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are projected in the x direction, as shown in FIG. An overlap region 33 is formed where the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 overlap.

Next, the flow of the cooling air in the cooling passage 4g provided with the pin fin group 200 of the one embodiment described above and the reason why the cooling effect by the cooling air is improved by the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. This will be described with reference to 10 and 11.
FIG. 10 is a view schematically showing a part of a cross section of the wing portion 3 when the cooling passage 4g of one embodiment is viewed along the y direction. FIG. 11 is a view showing the flow of cooling air in the vicinity of the pin fin 201, and FIG. 11A shows the flow of the cooling air in the vicinity of the tip end surface 211, ie, the vicinity of the intermediate surface 31 by arrows 45 and 46. FIG. 11 (b) is a diagram showing the flow of cooling air in the vicinity of the proximal end surface 214, ie, in the vicinity of the inner wall surface 13a, by arrows 47 and 48.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, the width dimension of the base end portions 212 and 222 of each pin fin 201 is smaller than the middle position in the width direction than the middle position OB in the lengthwise direction. Maximum at the first position upstream of the Therefore, as shown by the arrow 41 in FIG. 10, as the cooling air flowing along the inner wall surfaces 13a, 14a goes to the first position, as shown by the arrow 42, from the inner wall surfaces 13a, 14a toward the intermediate surface 31 respectively. You are guided to go. In addition, in FIG. 10, the 1st position P1 in the base end surface 214,224 is shown in figure as a 1st position.

In one embodiment, as described above, since the width dimensions of the proximal end portions 212 and 222 become smaller at the downstream side than the first position, as described above, the width direction becomes the tip surface 211 or 221 side (intermediate surface 31 side) When passing through the first position, the induced cooling air changes its flow direction from the intermediate surface 31 to the inner wall surface 13a, 14a as indicated by the arrow 43, and as indicated by the arrow 44. , Flows toward the inner wall surface 13a, 14a.
In one embodiment, as described above, the width dimension of the intermediate portions 213 and 223 is maximized at the second position downstream of the flow of cooling air than the first position. Therefore, the above-described change in the flow direction of the cooling air that has passed through the first position is promoted. In addition, in FIG. 10, the 2nd position P2 in the front end surface 211,221 is shown in figure as a 2nd position.
Thus, in one embodiment, the movement of the cooling air in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the cooling air, that is, the z direction promotes mixing of the cooling air.

If the mixing of the cooling air is not promoted and the cooling air flows to form a laminar flow along the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a, the temperature of the cooling air flowing near the surface of the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a is By rising, there is a possibility that heat transfer from the inner wall surface 13a, 14a to the cooling air may be reduced on the downstream side.
However, according to the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, as described above, the mixing of the cooling air is promoted by the movement of the cooling air in the height direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the cooling air, so the inner wall surface 13a , 14a can suppress the temperature rise of the cooling air flowing near the surface. As a result, the heat transfer from the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a to the cooling air can be suppressed from being reduced on the downstream side, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

Moreover, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, heat is efficiently transferred from the first and second protrusions 210 and 220 to the cooling air, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be efficiently cooled.
That is, in general, in the columnar member extending in the direction orthogonal to the flow of the cooling medium, the heat transfer to the cooling medium occurs because the flow velocity of the cooling medium on the surface of the columnar member is high upstream of the flow of the cooling medium However, on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium, the flow of the cooling medium separates from the surface of the columnar member and the flow velocity of the cooling medium decreases, so that the heat transfer to the cooling medium is not good.
However, in the pin fin 201 according to the embodiment, the width dimension of the intermediate portions 213 and 223 is maximized at the second position downstream of the flow of the cooling air than the first position. Thereby, the area | region where the flow velocity of cooling air falls in the intermediate part 213,223 can be reduced. In other words, as shown by the arrow 51 in FIG. 11A, the region where the flow velocity of the cooling air is high, ie, the region where the heat transfer is good, can be relatively enlarged on the surface upstream of the intermediate portions 213 and 223.
In particular, in one embodiment, the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213, 223 is maximized downstream of the flow of the cooling air than the intermediate position OB, OC of the linear dimension, so as described above in the intermediate portion 213, 223 It is possible to further reduce the area where the flow velocity of the cooling air is reduced and to further expand the area where the heat transfer is good.
Therefore, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, heat is efficiently transferred to the cooling air at the intermediate portions 213 and 223 of the pin fins 201, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be efficiently cooled.

Furthermore, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, as indicated by the arrow 42 in FIG. 10, when the cooling air guided toward the intermediate surface 31 passes the first position, as indicated by the arrow 43 in FIG. The flow direction changes from the intermediate surface 31 side toward the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a. Therefore, as indicated by the arrow 44 in FIG. 10 and the arrow 48 in FIG. 11 (b), the cooling air from the intermediate surface 31 to the inner wall surface 13a, 14a is downstream of the first position of the proximal end 212, 222. Flow along the side surface. Thus, in the area indicated by the arrow 53 in FIG. 11B, that is, on the surface downstream of the first position of the proximal end portions 212 and 222, a reduction in the flow velocity of the cooling air can be suppressed, and heat is supplied to the cooling air. It can be transmitted well.
Therefore, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, heat is efficiently transferred to the cooling air at the proximal end portions 212 and 222 of the pin fins 201, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.
The region indicated by the arrow 52 in FIG. 11B is a region where the flow velocity of the cooling air indicated by the arrow 47 is high and the heat transfer is good on the surface on the upstream side of the proximal end portions 212 and 222.

  In the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, the width dimension of the intermediate portions 213 and 223 is the same as the width dimension of the proximal end portions 212 and 222 or the width dimension of the proximal end portions 212 and 222 at any position in the longitudinal direction. Less than. As a result, the cooling air tends to flow downstream in the vicinity of the intermediate portions 213 and 223, so that the cooling air guided to the side of the intermediate surface 31 tends to flow downstream as described above, and thus cooling The pressure loss of air can be reduced. As a result, the decrease in flow rate of the cooling air can be suppressed, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

  In the pin fin group 200 of the embodiment, the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 are symmetrical with respect to the intermediate surface 31. As a result, the flow of cooling air flowing through the cooling passage 4g is also symmetrical with respect to the intermediate surface 31, so that both the abdominal side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

  In the pin fin group 200 of the embodiment, the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 are connected by the tip surfaces 211 and 221. As a result, the first and second protrusions 210 and 220 whose tip end surfaces 211 and 221 are connected to each other play a role as a reinforcing member for the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14, so the strength of the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 Can be improved.

In one embodiment, the pin fin group 200 includes a first pin fin row 202 including a plurality of pin fins 201 spaced apart in the y direction, and a downstream side of the flow of cooling air in the x direction with respect to the first pin fin row 202. , And includes a second pin fin row 203 including a plurality of pin fins 201 spaced apart in the y direction.
That is, in the pin fin group 200 according to one embodiment, since the pin fin row including the plurality of pin fins 201 arranged at intervals in the y direction is present in a plurality of rows in the x direction, the abdominal side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be efficiently It can be cooled.

  In the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, as described above, the dimensions described using FIG. 9 satisfy the relationship of D−2Rc> 0. Therefore, in the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, when the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are projected in the x direction, the non-overlap region 32 is formed as shown in FIG. As a result, the pressure loss of the cooling air can be reduced, so that the reduction in the flow rate of the cooling air can be suppressed, and the abdominal sidewall 13 and the back sidewall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

In the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment, as described above, the dimensions described using FIG. 9 satisfy the relationship of D−2Rb <0. Therefore, in the pin fin group 200 according to the embodiment, when the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are projected in the x direction, an overlap region 33 is formed as shown in FIG.
As described above, when the cooling air passes near the proximal end portions 212 and 222 of the first and second protrusions 210 and 220, as shown by the arrow 42 in FIG. 10, the cooling air flows from the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a. The mixing is promoted by being guided to the intermediate surface 31 side and then from the intermediate surface 31 to the inner wall surface 13a, 14a side as shown by the arrows 43 and 44.
In the pin fin group 200 according to one embodiment, the presence of the above-described overlap region 33 causes the mixing of the cooling air as described above to be repeated each time the first and second pin fin rows 202 and 203 pass. Therefore, the temperature of the cooling air flowing in the vicinity of the surface of the inner wall surface 13a, 14a can be lowered, so that the heat transfer from the inner wall surface 13a, 14a to the cooling air becomes good, and the abdominal side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 are efficiently made. It can be cooled.

  The turbine moving blade 1 according to one embodiment is a turbine blade having a cooling passage 4g formed between the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a in the inside, and the cooling passage 4g is provided with the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment. Be As a result, the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 of the turbine bucket 1 can be cooled efficiently.

The turbine rotor blade 1 according to one embodiment can be manufactured inexpensively by, for example, lost wax precision casting.
That is, for example, in the case of manufacturing the turbine rotor blade 1 by lost wax precision casting, in the pin fin group 200, a space excluding the pin fin group 200 in the space sandwiched between the facing ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14; That is, the core of the same shape as the area through which the cooling air flows is used to mold the wax mold.
Generally, when manufacturing a core, since the core is manufactured using a half mold, the core must be able to be removed from the half mold, and the shape of the core is restricted. receive.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a portion related to the pin fin group 200 in the core 300 for molding the wax mold used for casting the turbine moving blade 1 according to one embodiment. The core 300 has a plurality of openings 301 which are filled with wax of the wax type. The shape of the opening 301 is the same as the shape of the pin fin 201.
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a portion of a half mold 350 used for manufacturing the core 300. The mold half 350 has a plurality of projections 351 corresponding to the openings 301 of the core 300. The shape of the protrusion 351 of the half-broken mold 350 is the same as the shape of the first and second protrusions 210 and 220 of the embodiment.

  In one embodiment, the first and second protrusions 210 and 220 have the same width as the width of the proximal end 212 or 222 or the width at any position in the longitudinal direction of the middle portion 213 or 223. It is smaller than the width dimension of the parts 212 and 222. Therefore, the diameter of the projection 351 of the half mold 350 becomes smaller as it goes to the tip side in the projecting direction, as with the first and second projections 210 and 220. Therefore, since the protrusion 351 of the half mold 350 can be removed from the opening 301 of the core 300, the core 300 can be easily manufactured. Therefore, the turbine rotor blade 1 of one embodiment can be manufactured inexpensively by casting.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes the embodiments in which the above-described embodiments are modified, and the embodiments in which these embodiments are appropriately combined.
(1) For example, the shape of the pin fin 201 of one Embodiment mentioned above is an example, and various variations exist. One of the variations is shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a first protrusion 210A of another embodiment corresponding to the first protrusion 210 of one embodiment described above.
The first projection 210A corresponds to the distal end surface 211, the base end 212, the intermediate portion 213, the proximal end 214, and the side surface 215 of the first projection 210 according to an embodiment, the distal end surface 211A, the proximal end 212A. , An intermediate portion 213A, a proximal end surface 214A, and a side surface 215A.

At the base end portion 212A of the first protrusion 210A, the width dimension is maximized at a position that is upstream of the flow of the cooling air than the middle position of the length dimension. The middle portion 213A has a smaller width dimension at this position than the proximal end 212A. Further, in the middle portion 213A, the width dimension is maximized on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling air than the position. In addition, the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213A is the largest downstream of the flow of the cooling air than the intermediate position of the length dimension. The width dimension of the middle portion 213A is equal to or smaller than the width dimension of the proximal end 212A at any position in the lengthwise direction.
The side surface 215A is formed of a surface that gently connects the outer edges of the distal end surface 211A and the proximal end surface 214A having different shapes.

  In the first protrusion 210A, in the intermediate portion 213A, the length dimension in the width direction gradually increases and then gradually decreases and then increases again from the upstream end of the flow of the cooling air toward the downstream side Take the largest dimension. In other words, in the first protrusion 210A, the concave portion 216A which is concave is present on the side surface 215A in the vicinity of the intermediate portion 213A. As described above, the concave portion 216A may exist in the first protrusion 210A, and the same effect as the above-described effect can be obtained.

(2) In the embodiment described above, the distal end surface 211 of the first protrusion 210 and the distal end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 are connected at the intermediate surface 31, but the distal end surface of the first protrusion 210 211 and the tip end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 may be separated. When the distal end surface 211 of the first protrusion 210 and the distal end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 are separated from each other, each of the distal end surfaces 211 and 221 also contacts the cooling air. , 220 can increase the contact area with the cooling air. As a result, heat is efficiently transferred from the first and second protrusions 210 and 220 to the cooling air, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.
When the tip end surface 211 of the first protrusion 210 and the tip end surface 221 of the second protrusion 220 are separated, each tip end surface 211 or 221 may be flat or curved. .

Furthermore, the first protrusion and the second protrusion may be branched in the width direction on the upstream side as described below.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a first protrusion 210B according to another embodiment.
The first protrusion 210 </ b> B of the other embodiment and the second protrusion (not shown) are disposed apart from each other in a state of facing each other. In addition, since the second protrusion according to the other embodiment is symmetrical with respect to the first protrusion 210B and the intermediate surface 31 (see FIG. 4) of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the shape of the second protrusion The explanation of is omitted.

The first protrusion 210 </ b> B includes a central protrusion 261, one protrusion 262, and the other protrusion 263 extending in the flow direction of the cooling air.
For convenience of explanation, the direction along the flow direction of the cooling air, in which the central protrusion 261 extends, is the x direction, and the direction along the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a (see FIG. 4), x Let the direction orthogonal to the direction be the y direction, and let the direction orthogonal to the x direction and the y direction be the z direction. In the following description, as in the embodiment described above, the dimension in the x direction is referred to as the length dimension or simply the length, the dimension in the y direction is referred to as the width dimension or simply the width, and the dimension in the z direction is the height It is called dimension or simply height. In the following description, the x direction is also referred to as a length direction, the y direction is also referred to as a width direction, and the z direction is also referred to as a height direction.

16 is an arrow sectional view of the first protrusion 210B in FIG. 15, FIG. 16 (a) is an arrow sectional view at a position a in the x direction in FIG. 15, and FIG. 16 (b) is FIG. 16 (c) is a cross-sectional view in the direction of the arrow c in FIG. 15; FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, in the upstream portion 261a on the upstream side of the flow of cooling air, the central protrusion 261 has a cross-sectional area in a cross section perpendicular to the x direction, ie, a cross section parallel to the yz plane. The cross-sectional area is formed to increase as it goes downstream in the flow of cooling air along the x direction. Further, the dimensions in the y direction and the z direction of the upstream portion 261a of the central protrusion 261 are smaller than the dimensions in the y direction and the z direction of the downstream portion 261b which is the downstream side of the flow of the cooling air.
The central protrusion 261 has a dimension along the x direction larger than a dimension along the y direction.

The one side protrusion 262 is separated from the center side protrusion 261 in the direction crossing the extending direction of the center side protrusion 261, that is, one side in the y direction.
The other side protrusion 263 is separated from the central side protrusion 261 on the other side opposite to the one side in the y direction.

The upstream portion 262a of the one side protrusion 262 and the upstream portion 263a of the other side protrusion 263 which are upstream of the flow of the cooling air extend along the x direction. The downstream portion 262b of the one side protrusion 262 and the downstream portion 263b of the other side protrusion 263, which are downstream of the flow of the cooling air, extend toward the central side protrusion 261, respectively. It is connected to the part 261.
In a connection range where the central protrusion 261, the one protrusion 262 and the other protrusion 263 are connected, a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the central protrusion 261, that is, for example, FIG. In the cross section shown in FIG. 5, the central protrusion 261 has a height dimension larger than that of the one protrusion 262 and the other protrusion 263.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the first protrusion 210 </ b> B according to another embodiment has at least two notches 267 and 268 along the x direction on the upstream side of the flow of cooling air. The cut portion 267 is a portion sandwiched by the one side protrusion 262 and the center side protrusion 261 and serves as a flow path of the cooling air. The notched portion 268 is a portion sandwiched by the other side protrusion 263 and the center side protrusion 261 and serves as a flow path of cooling air. The width dimension of the notches 267, 268 increases with distance from the inner wall surface 13a (see FIG. 16) in the height direction.

  The first protrusion 210B according to the other embodiment has the highest height position in the height direction at the base end portion 272 which is a portion within the range of the predetermined height dimension from the inner wall surface 13a and the central side protrusion 261 And an intermediate portion 273 which is a portion within a predetermined height dimension range. In the first protrusion 210B according to the other embodiment, for example, the base end portion 272 is from the inner wall surface 13a to the highest height position in the height direction of the one side protrusion 262 and the other side protrusion 263. It is a site. In the first protrusion 210B according to the other embodiment, for example, the middle portion 273 is located at the highest height position in the height direction in the central protrusion 261, and the one side protrusion 262 and the other side protrusion 263. In the height direction to the highest height position.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.
In the following description, a section of the first protrusion 210B at a position where the proximal end portion 272 rises from the inner wall surface 13a, that is, the position on the innermost wall surface 13a side of the proximal end portion 272 is referred to as a proximal end surface 274. The proximal end surface 274 is a cross section taken along the line B-B in FIG.
The hatched area in FIG. 17 is the middle cross section 277, which is a cross section taken along the line C--C in FIG. 16 (b), that is, a cross section of the first projection 210B at a predetermined height position of the middle 273. .

For example, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 17, the proximal end 272 has a maximum width dimension at a first position upstream of the flow of cooling air with respect to the middle position P10 (see FIG. 17) of the length dimension L. Become. Note that the position in the x direction indicated with reference numeral P11 in FIG. 17 is the first position on the base end surface 274.
The middle portion 273 has a smaller width than the proximal end 272 at the first position. In addition, in the intermediate portion 273, the width dimension becomes maximum at the second position on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling air than the first position. In addition, the width dimension of the middle portion 273 is the largest downstream of the flow of the cooling air than the middle position P10 of the length dimension L.
Note that the position in the x direction indicated with reference numeral P12 in FIG. 17 is the second position in the middle cross section 277.

The flow of the cooling air flowing in the vicinity of the first protrusion 210B of another embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
When the cooling air having flowed along the inner wall surface 13a (see FIGS. 4 and 16) reaches the first protrusion 210B, as indicated by the arrow 71, the cooling air flowing between the central protrusion 261 and the one protrusion 262 is shown. , And between the central protrusion 261 and the other protrusion 263, that is, guided to the notches 267 and 268.

Since the width of the notches 267, 268 increases with distance from the inner wall 13a, the cooling air guided to the notches 267, 268 is guided away from the inner wall 13a.
Further, as described above, the downstream portion 262 b of the one side protrusion 262 and the downstream portion 263 b of the other side protrusion 263 respectively extend toward the center side protrusion 261 side, and Connected Therefore, as indicated by the arrow 72, the cooling air guided to the notches 267 and 268 separates from the inner wall surface 13a and rides on the downstream portion 262b of the one side protrusion 262 and the downstream portion 263b of the other side protrusion 263. .

As described above, the central protrusion 261 is larger than the one protrusion 262 and the other protrusion 263 in the connection range where the middle protrusion 261 and the one protrusion 262 and the other protrusion 263 are connected. It has a height dimension. In addition, the intermediate portion 273 has a width dimension smaller than the base end portion 272 at the first position, and has a maximum width dimension at a second position downstream of the flow of cooling air than the first position. Become.
Therefore, as indicated by the arrow 73, the cooling air which has run on the downstream portion 262b of the one side protrusion 262 and the downstream portion 263b of the other side protrusion 263 passes over the respective downstream portions 262b and 263b and flows downstream. .
Thus, the cooling air flows in the flow direction of the cooling air when it passes over portions corresponding to the downstream portions 262b and 263b in the downstream portions 262b and 263b of the first protrusion 210B and the second protrusions (not shown). And move in the direction orthogonal to that Thereby, the mixing of the cooling air is promoted, so that the heat is efficiently transferred from the inner wall surfaces 13a and 14a to the cooling air, and the abdominal side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be efficiently cooled.
Further, since the dimension along the x direction of the central protrusion 261 is larger than the dimension along the y direction, the cooling air is the same as the region indicated by the arrow 51 in FIG. 11A in the above-described embodiment. The region where the flow velocity is high, that is, the region in which the heat transfer is good, can be relatively enlarged as compared with a mere cylindrical protrusion. As a result, heat is efficiently transferred to the cooling air, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

  In the first protrusion 210B according to the other embodiment described above and the second protrusion (not shown), the central protrusion 261, which is three parts branched in the width direction on the upstream side, and the one protrusion 262 And the other side projection 263. However, the number of portions branched in the width direction on the upstream side of the first protrusion and the second protrusion may be two, or four or more.

(3) In the embodiment described above, in the pin fin 201, the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 are symmetrical with respect to the intermediate surface 31. That is, in one embodiment mentioned above, the 1st projection 210 and the 2nd projection 220 are the same shape. However, the shapes of the first protrusion 210 and the second protrusion 220 may be different as long as the above-described effects can be obtained.

(4) In one embodiment mentioned above, it is pin fin 201 in which all the pin fins of pin fin group 200 present shape mentioned above. However, only some of the pin fins of the pin fin group 200 may be the pin fins 201 having the above-described shape. For example, as in the conventional pin fins, a plurality of pin fins (usually pin fins) on a circular cylinder having a circular cross section are disposed upstream of the flow of cooling air, and a plurality of pin fins 201 of the above-described embodiment are usually disposed downstream of the pin fins. It may be arranged.
On the upstream side of the flow of the cooling air, the temperature difference between the cooling air and the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 is large, so that the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be efficiently cooled even with normal pin fins. However, on the downstream side of the flow of cooling air, the temperature of the cooling air rises due to the heat taken from the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14, so the temperature difference between the ventilating side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 becomes smaller toward the downstream side. Cooling efficiency is reduced. However, by providing the plurality of pin fins 201 capable of efficiently transferring the heat to the cooling air on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling air than the plurality of normal pin fins, the abdominal side wall 13 and the back also on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling air The side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

(5) In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, the width dimension at the tip end surface 211 is the maximum on the downstream side of the flow of cooling air than the middle position OC in the length direction at the middle position in the width direction. Take the value WCmax. However, if the position where the width dimension at the end face 211 is the maximum dimension is on the downstream side of the above-described first position P1 shown in FIG. 7B, the upstream side of the flow of cooling air than the intermediate position OC. It may be Even in this case, the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

(6) In the embodiment described above, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213 is the same as the width dimension of the proximal end portion 212 at any position in the length direction, or the proximal end portion It is smaller than the width dimension of 212. However, the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213 may be larger than the width dimension of the proximal end portion 212 at a part of the length direction. Even if the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213 is larger than the width dimension of the proximal end portion 212 at a part of the length direction, the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.
In this case, it is difficult to remove the projection 351 of the half mold 350 shown in FIG. 13 from the opening 301 of the core 300 shown in FIG. However, instead of using the half mold 350 shown in FIG. 13, for example, a core 300 may be manufactured using a manufacturing apparatus such as a 3D printer. Therefore, even if the width dimension of the intermediate portion 213 is larger than the width dimension of the base end portion 212 at a partial position in the length direction, the turbine rotor blade 1 is cast at low cost as in the above embodiment. Can be manufactured.

(7) In the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment described above, when the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are projected in the x direction, the non-overlap region 32 is formed as shown in FIG. . However, the non-overlap region 32 may not be formed. Even if the non-overlap region 32 is not formed, the ventral sidewall 13 and the back sidewall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

(8) In the pin fin group 200 of the embodiment described above, when the first pin fin row 202 and the second pin fin row 203 are projected in the x direction, the overlap region 33 is formed as shown in FIG. However, the overlap region 33 may not be formed. Even when the overlap region 33 is not formed, the ventral side wall 13 and the back side wall 14 can be cooled efficiently.

(9) In one embodiment mentioned above, turbine bucket 1 is provided with pin fin group 200 of one embodiment. However, the turbine vane 124 may include pin fins similar to the pin fins 200 of one embodiment.
Further, objects to be cooled other than the turbine moving blade 1 and the turbine stationary blade 124 may be provided with a pin fin group similar to the pin fin group 200 of one embodiment. That is, for example, in a conventional apparatus in which heat is transferred to a gas or a liquid using columnar pin fins, the pin fins 201 of one embodiment may be applied instead of the pin fins.
The cooling medium is not limited to air, and various gases and liquids may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 turbine moving blade 3 wing part 4 cooling channel 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4g cooling channel 6 front edge side meandering type cooling passage 7 rear edge side meandering type cooling passage 13 ventral side wall portion (abdominal side wall)
13a Inner wall 14 back wall (back wall)
14a Inner wall surface 31 Intermediate surface 100 Gas turbine 200 Pin fin group 201 Pin fin 202 First pin fin row 203 Second pin fin row 210, 210A, 210B First protrusion 211 Tip surface 212 Base end portion 213 Middle portion 214 Base end surface 211A Tip surface 212A Base end part 213A Middle part 214A Base end face 220 2nd projection 221 Front end face 222 Base end part 223 Middle part 224 Base end face 261 Central side projection 262 One side projection 263 Other side projection 267, 268 Notch part

Claims (12)

A pin fin for transferring heat from the first and second walls to a cooling medium flowing between the opposing first and second walls,
And a second protrusion projecting from the second wall surface toward the first wall surface.
A direction along the flow direction of the cooling medium, the direction defining the maximum dimension of the tip end face of each of the first and second protrusions along the first direction, the first wall surface and the second wall surface Defined as a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction,
In each of the first and second protrusions, the dimension in the first direction is defined as the length dimension, and the dimension in the second direction is defined as the width dimension.
Each of the first and second protrusions is
A proximal end at which the width dimension is maximized at a first position upstream of the flow of the cooling medium than an intermediate position of the length dimension, and an intermediate portion positioned closer to the distal end surface than the proximal end. An intermediate portion having a width smaller than the base end at the first position and having a maximum width at the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium than the first position;
Including pin fins.   The pin fin according to claim 1, wherein the width dimension of the middle portion is the largest downstream of the flow of the cooling medium than the middle position of the length dimension.   The pin fin according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the width dimension of the intermediate portion is equal to the width dimension of the proximal end or smaller than the width dimension of the proximal end at any position in the first direction.   The pin fin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion are symmetrical with respect to an intermediate surface between the first wall surface and the second wall surface.   The pin fin according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion are connected by the end faces.   The pin fin according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tip end surfaces of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are separated from each other. The first and second protrusions have at least one notch along the first direction on the upstream side of the flow of the cooling medium,
The pin fin according to claim 6, wherein the size of the second direction increases as the notches get further from the first and second wall surfaces. A pin fin group comprising a plurality of pin fins according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
The plurality of pin fins are
A first pin fin row including a plurality of the pin fins arranged at intervals in the second direction;
A pin fin group including a second pin fin row including a plurality of the pin fins arranged at intervals in the second direction on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium in the first direction with respect to the first pin fin row . The first protrusion and the second protrusion are connected by the tip surfaces,
Any pin fin in the first pin fin row is a first pin fin,
A second pin fin that is closest to the first pin fin in the second pin fin row;
One half of the maximum value of the width dimension at the tip end face of the first pin fin is R1,
One half of the maximum value of the width dimension in the tip end face of the second pin fin is R2,
When the separation distance in the second direction between the middle position of the width dimension of the first pin fin at the tip end surface and the middle position of the width dimension of the second pin fin at the tip end surface is defined as Da 9. The pin fin group according to claim 8, wherein the relationship of R1−R2> 0 is satisfied. Any pin fin in the first pin fin row is a first pin fin,
A second pin fin that is closest to the first pin fin in the second pin fin row;
1/2 of the maximum value of the width at the base end of the first pin fin is R3,
One half of the maximum value of the width at the base end of the second pin fin is R4,
When the separation distance in the second direction between the middle position of the width at the base end of the first pin fin and the middle of the width at the base of the second pin fin is defined as Db, The pin fin group according to claim 8 or 9, which satisfies the relationship of Db-R3-R4 <0. A plurality of pin fins according to any one of claims 1 to 7;
A pin fin group comprising a plurality of normal pin fins having a shape different from that of the pin fin;
The plurality of pin fins are provided on the downstream side of the flow of the cooling medium with respect to the plurality of normal pin fins. A turbine blade internally having a cooling passage formed between the first and second wall surfaces, wherein
A turbine blade provided with the pin fin group according to any one of claims 8 to 11 in the cooling passage.

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