JP2019076181A - Simulated eye, and manufacturing method of simulated eye - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide simulated retina having a layer with a smooth surface.SOLUTION: A rear eye part housing 20B is fixed to a rotary table 42 rotating around a revolving shaft 44, and while rotating the rotary table 42, a material for forming each layer is sprayed from a spray nozzle 40 in order to form each layer of simulated retina. Since the material is sprayed from the spray nozzle 40, while rotating the rear eye part housing 20B by rotating the rotary table 42 like this, a layer having a smooth surface can be formed in the range having a view angle of 230 degrees.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a simulated eye and a method of manufacturing a simulated eye.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a model eye used for evaluating an optical system of an optical tomographic imaging apparatus for capturing a tomographic image of a fundus, and the model eye includes a lens corresponding to a cornea and a lens, and a glass substrate. And a plurality of layers corresponding to the retina, and a cylindrical case for holding them.

  Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method of forming a simulated retina using a three-dimensional printer.

JP, 2011-235084, A

Anthony Corcoran, Gonzalo Muyo, Jano van Hemert, Alistair Gorman, Andrew R. Harvey, "Application of a wide-field phantom for optical coherence tomography and reflectivity imaging," Journal of Modern Optics, 13 June 2017

  A first aspect of the technology of the present disclosure is a method of manufacturing a simulated eye having a simulated retina, which comprises at least one of the simulated retina on the curved surface of a substrate having a curved surface corresponding to the shape of an eye And forming a layer by spraying a layer forming composition for forming the layer.

  A second aspect of the technology of the present disclosure is a simulated eye having a simulated retina, and a substrate having a curved surface corresponding to the shape of an eye, and the curved surface of the substrate relative to the center of the simulated eye And a simulated retina having a viewing angle of over 60 degrees and a smooth surface.

It is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of eyes. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a simulated eye 20. FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the simulated retina 30 of the first embodiment and a partial cross-sectional view enlarging one example of a portion of the simulated retina 30. FIG. FIG. 7 is a table showing an example of optical characteristics of a plurality of layers constituting the simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows an example of a mode that a material is spray-sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 to the center area | region of back eye part housing | casing 20B, for creation of the simulated retina 30. FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a mode that a material is spray-sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 in the peripheral region of the periphery of the central region of back eye part case 20B, in order to create simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows one example of the method of a preliminary | backup experiment. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of a spray nozzle. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of a spray nozzle. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a region including a portion 70 with an angle of 0 degrees based on the optical axis in the simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows the position of the part 70 in FIG. 7A. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a region including a portion 80 with an angle of 40 degrees based on the optical axis in the simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows the position of the part 80 in FIG. 8A. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a region including a portion 90 whose angle based on the optical axis in the simulated retina 30 is 60 degrees. It is a figure which shows the position of the part 90 in FIG. 9A. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a region including a portion 100 having an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the optical axis in the simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows the position of the part 100 in FIG. 10A. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a region including a portion 110 with an angle of 110 degrees with reference to the optical axis in the simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows the position of the part 110 in FIG. 11A. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a region including a portion 115 with an angle of 115 degrees with reference to the optical axis in the simulated retina 30. It is a figure which shows the position of the part 115 in FIG. 12A. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a simulated eye 20 including a central portion 130A including a portion at an angle of 0 degrees with respect to the optical axis in the simulated retina 30 and a peripheral portion 130B including a portion at an angle of 90 degrees. The cross-sectional view of the image 130A1 showing the structure of the central portion 130A in FIG. 13A of the simulated retina 30, the tomographic image 130A2 obtained by imaging the central portion 130A by OCT, and the contrast and depth resolution of the tomographic image 130A2 corrected It is a figure which shows tomographic image 130A3. The cross-sectional view of the image 130B1 showing the structure of the peripheral portion 130B in FIG. 13A of the simulated retina 30, the tomographic image 130B2 obtained by imaging the peripheral portion 130B by OCT, and the contrast and depth resolution of the tomographic image 130B2 are corrected It is a figure which shows tomographic image 130 B3. It is a figure which shows one example of sectional drawing which shows the structure of the simulated eye 140 of 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 16 is a view showing an example of how a material is sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 on the central region and the peripheral region of the base material 146 for creating the simulated retina 30 of the simulated eye 140.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment
Hereinafter, a simulated eye according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the actual eye of a person has the cornea 12, the lens 14, and the vitreous body 16.

  By the way, as a fundus examination apparatus, an optical tomographic imaging apparatus (OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography)) for imaging a tomographic structure of a retina in the fundus is known. By the way, the current OCT imaging range is about the maximum viewing angle ± 40 to 50 degrees with reference to the center of the eyeball, but since the importance of tomographic diagnosis in the retina peripheral area is being medically discussed, Although there is a great need for imaging a wide range of fundus structures at ± 115 degrees, development of such an apparatus is desired. That is, as shown in FIG. 1A, the OCT has an angle of view θ of 230 degrees centered on the eyeball center 18, in other words, an optical axis passing the eyeball center 18 centered on the eyeball center 18 in the vertical cross section of the eyeball center 18 Based on C, it is desirable to photograph the fundus within a range of ± 115 degrees.

  In the stage where safety such as the influence of OCT on human eyes is not guaranteed, it is not possible to actually photograph the tomographic structure of the retina of human eye in order to evaluate the performance of OCT. Therefore, there is a need for a simulated eye with a simulated retina that resembles the actual retina.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the simulated eye 20 of the technology of the present disclosure has a simulated retina 30 in the range of a viewing angle θ of 230 degrees.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the simulated eye 20 according to the technology of the present disclosure includes an anterior eye case 20A and a posterior eye case 20B. The anterior eye part case 20A and the posterior eye part case 20B are made of, for example, aluminum. A simulated cornea 22 corresponding to the cornea 12 and a simulated crystalline lens 24 corresponding to the crystalline lens 14 are formed in the anterior segment case 20A.

A concave surface is formed on the rear eye unit casing 20B. The concave surface has a viewing angle θ of 230 degrees centered on the simulated eye center 28, in other words, an optical axis C passing the simulated eye center 28 centered on the simulated eye center 28 in the vertical cross section of the rear eye unit housing 20B. Then, it is formed in the range of ± 115 degrees. The simulated retina 30 is formed on the entire concave surface. Therefore, the simulated retina 30 is formed in the range of the viewing angle θ of 230 degrees.
A light absorbing paint may be applied to the lowermost layer of the simulated retina 30 in order to remove the influence of the reflected light from the concave surface of the posterior eye part housing 20B. Alternatively, a light absorbing paint that absorbs the light transmitted through the simulated retina 30 may be applied to the concave surface of the rear eye unit casing 20B.
In addition, back eye part case 20B is an example of a "base material" of art of this indication. The concave surface of the rear eye part housing 20B is an example of the “curved surface” or the “concave surface” of the technology of the present disclosure.

  The simulated eye 20 is used in place of the actual eye of a person in order to evaluate the performance of the fundus examination apparatus or to evaluate or adjust the optical system of the fundus examination apparatus. Since the purpose is to evaluate the performance of the imaging range (viewable viewing angle) of the fundus examination apparatus, the simulated retina 30 of the simulated eye 20 is not limited to the case where the viewing angle θ is formed in the range of 230 degrees. Depending on the imaging range (viewing angle), it may be formed in a range of more than 60, more than 80 degrees, more than 120 degrees, more than 200 degrees, more than 230 degrees.

Next, the structure of the simulated retina 30 will be described with reference to FIG. 2A.
The human retina comprises multiple layers. Thus, the simulated retina 30 also comprises multiple layers. Specifically, the simulated retina 30 comprises eleven layers.
In addition, each layer of the human retina is different from other layers in optical characteristics, such as refractive index, transmittance, and scattering rate. Thus, each layer of the simulated retina 30 may be manufactured to have different optical properties from the other layers.

  However, since it is sufficient if it is possible to evaluate the performance of the fundus examination apparatus, for example, resolution and contrast, in the first embodiment, the simulated retina 30 includes three types of A layer 30A, B layer 30B, C layer It has 30C. The simulated retina 30 includes three A layers 30A, five B layers 30B, and three C layers 30C. The arrangement order of the three types of A layer 30A, B layer 30B, and C layer 30C in the simulated retina 30 is A layer 30A, B layer 30B, and A layer from the anterior eye unit case 20A side to the rear eye unit case 20B side. 30A, B layer 30B, A layer 30A, B layer 30B, C layer 30C, B layer 30B, C layer 30C, B layer 30B, C layer 30C in this order. The number of layers, the number of types, and the arrangement order of the layers are not limited to the case shown in FIG. 2A, and may be determined according to the fundus examination apparatus whose performance is to be evaluated. For example, the simulated retina 30 may be formed of a total of 11 layers alternately with two layers of the A layer 30A and the B layer 30B. In addition, in order to photograph a simulated layer corresponding to a predetermined layer in a plurality of layers of the retina, a total of three simulated layers of the predetermined layer and two layers sandwiching the predetermined layer are provided. The simulated retina 30 may be formed. The three simulated layers may be formed of, for example, the A layer 30A, the B layer 30B, and the A layer 30A. Furthermore, simply, the simulated retina 30 may be formed by only the simulated layer corresponding to one layer closest to the pupil among the plurality of layers of the retina.

  Further, since the number of layers of the human retina is smaller in the peripheral area than in the central area, the number of layers of the simulated retina 30 may be smaller in the peripheral area than in the central area. However, in the first embodiment, the number and thickness of layers of the simulated retina 30 are similarly manufactured over the entire viewing angle θ according to the fundus examination apparatus whose performance is to be evaluated. Specifically, the thickness of the first to fifth layers is 15 μm, and the thickness of the sixth to eleventh layers is 40 μm, all over the viewing angle θ, as counted from the back eye part casing 20 B side. The total thickness of the retina 30 is 315 μm.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 2B, optical characteristics of the A layer 30A, the B layer 30B, and the C layer 30C of the simulated retina 30 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2B, the refractive indices of the A layer 30A, the B layer 30B, and the C layer 30C are all the same, and for light with a wavelength of 1000 nm, for example, a value in the range of 1.3 to 1.6, For example, 1.38. The transmittances of the A layer 30A, the B layer 30B, and the C layer 30C are all the same, and are as high as possible for light having a wavelength of 1000 nm, preferably at least 80% or more.

  The material for forming each A layer 30A is 10 wt% of fine particles for scattering light such as nano silica particles having a refractive index different from that of the organic material (for example, non-hardening resin etc.) having excellent light transmittance. It is produced by dispersing at a concentration of% (weight percent). The material for forming each of the B layers 30B is generated without dispersing fine particles for scattering light in the above-mentioned organic material (for example, a non-curable resin or the like). A material for forming each C layer 30C is generated by dispersing fine particles for scattering light in the above-mentioned organic material (for example, non-curable resin etc.) at a concentration of 20 wt%. Therefore, the scattering rate is higher in the order of the C layer 30C, the A layer 30A, and the B layer 30B. As a material for forming each A layer 30A, each B layer 30B, and each C layer 30C, an organic material (such as a resin) excellent in light transmittance as described above is adopted and solidified by natural drying. Photocurable resins may be used to enhance hardness.

Note that the optical properties of the A layer 30A, the B layer 30B, and the C layer 30C of the simulated retina 30 are examples, and the technology of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
The material for forming the A layer 30A, the material for forming the B layer 30B, and the material for forming the C layer 30C are examples of the “layer-forming composition” in the art of the present disclosure.

Next, a method of manufacturing the simulated eye 20 will be described.
The anterior eye case 20A and the posterior eye case 20B in which the simulated retina 30 is formed as described later are attached (see FIG. 13A). The inside between the anterior eye part case 20A and the posterior eye part case 20B is filled with a curable resin whose optical property corresponds to the vitreous body. The anterior eye case 20A and the posterior eye case 20B are sealed. When the resin hardens, a simulated eye 20 is formed.

Next, a method of forming the simulated retina 30 will be described.
First, the conventional method will be described. The human retina generally has a multilayer film structure of 10 to 12 layers, and the film thickness per layer is 15 to 60 μm. To make a simulated eye, a simulated retina with a multi-layered membrane must be formed in the simulated eye.

  As a method of forming such a simulated retina, a method using spin coating is also known (Journal of Biomedical Optics, 19, 021106). However, due to the limit of centrifugal force, the formation of a simulated retina that can be used for the evaluation of OCT is limited to 60 degrees in view angle.

In addition, a simulated retina is formed using a conventional three-dimensional printer (Non-Patent Document 1).
However, due to the limit of printing resolution, the formation of a simulated retina in which the surface of each layer is smooth is limited to about 60 degrees in view angle. The simulated retina formed over 60 degrees is not smooth but the surface of each layer of the simulated retina is so-called step-like, so it does not correspond to the human retina. Therefore, as a simulated retina for the evaluation of OCT I can not use it.

Thus, conventionally there has been no simulated eye with a simulated retina in which the plane of the layer is smooth.
Also, conventionally, there has been no simulated retina in which the surface of the layer is smooth in a range where the viewing angle based on the center of the simulated eye exceeds 60 degrees.

  In the first embodiment, the simulated retina 30 having a smooth layer surface is formed on the concave surface of the rear eye unit housing 20B within a range of a viewing angle θ of 230 degrees based on the simulated eye center 28 of the simulated eye 20 Do.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the rear eye unit casing 20 B is fixed to a rotating table 42 rotating around a rotating shaft 44, and while rotating the rotating table 42, each layer of the simulated retina 30 The material forming each layer is spray-sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 of the spray which is not shown in figure, in order to form.

  Since the material is sprayed from the spray nozzle 40 while rotating the rear housing 20B by rotating the rotation table 42 in this manner, a layer having a smooth surface is formed in the range of the viewing angle θ of 230 degrees. be able to.

  In the central region of the posterior eyepiece housing 20B, as shown in FIG. 3, the spray nozzle 40 is positioned vertically to spray the material.

  In the peripheral region of the posterior eye part housing 20B, as shown in FIG. 4, the spray nozzle 40 is inclined to spray the material.

  Thus, by spraying the material onto the central and peripheral regions of the posterior housing 20B to form one layer, the material is dried and solidified when the application of the material is complete. After sufficient solidification, the next layer is painted.

  By the way, since an organic material (for example, non-hardening resin etc.) is adopted as a material for forming each layer as described above, each layer is dried by natural drying. However, when the material for forming each layer contains an ultraviolet curable resin, the material is sprayed to form each layer and the material is irradiated with ultraviolet light every time one layer is formed. To cure the material.

In addition, when drying the layer formed by spraying the material onto the rear eye part housing 20B, if the rear eye part housing 20B is kept stationary without rotating the rotation table 42, the rear eye part housing is generated by gravity. There is a case where the material tends to be accumulated at the bottom of the body 20B and each layer can not be formed uniformly to a predetermined thickness.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, the rotating table 42 is dried while being slowly rotated.

  The above steps are performed for each layer to form a simulated retina 30 of 11 layers.

  In the case where the material for forming each layer contains an ultraviolet curable resin, only the material forming the uppermost layer (the layer closest to the anterior eye case 20A in FIG. 2A) in direct contact with air Alternatively, the top layer may be irradiated with ultraviolet light when the top layer is formed by containing a UV curable resin.

  By the way, in order to form each layer to a predetermined thickness, the rotation speed of the rotation table 42, the distance to the concave surface of the rear eye part case 20B of the spray nozzle 40 and the inclination angle, per unit time of material from the spray nozzle 40. The adjustment of the spray amount and the spray time may be performed manually by a human or may be controlled automatically by a computer.

  The above parameters of rotation speed, distance and inclination angle, spray amount and spray time are changed several times by repeating preliminary experiments, and find the optimum value for the thickness of each layer to be a predetermined thickness. deep. In this work, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the value of the resistance of the part 32 of the layer is measured and measured in real time by the small-sized electric field film thickness meter 50 in the back eye case 20B for test. While calculating the layer thickness based on the value of the resistance, find the value of each parameter. At the time of formation of each layer, according to the value of the parameter found in the preliminary experiment, the rotation speed of the turntable 42, the distance to the concave surface of the rear eye part housing 20B of the spray nozzle 40 and the inclination angle, the unit time of the material from the spray nozzle 40 The amount of spray per shot and the spray time are adjusted to form each layer.

(Modification)
In the first embodiment, a spray nozzle 40 is used to spray the material for forming each layer. For the shape of the spray nozzle, as shown in FIG. 6A, a small spindle 60 capable of accessing the inside of the rear eye part housing 20B may be used. If a spindle 60 is used, one spray spout through which the material sprays may be provided at the tip 62 of the spindle 60, as shown in FIG. 6A. Since the simulated eye 20 corresponds to the size of the human eye, the radius of the opening of the posterior eye part housing 20B is 12 mm. The tip 62 of the spindle 60 is formed thin so that it can be inserted into an opening with a radius of 12 mm. In the central region of the posterior housing 20B, the spindle 60 is positioned vertically to spray material. In the peripheral area of the posterior eyepiece housing 20B, the spindle 60 is inclined to spray the material.

  Moreover, as shown to FIG. 6B, you may use the spindle 71 which provided the spraying nozzle in several location 72A-72E. The positions of the plurality of locations 72A to 72E are determined such that the material sprayed from the spray ports at each location reaches the entire concave surface in the vertical cross section of the rear eye part case 20B. In the case where the material sprayed from the spray port at each location does not reach the entire concave surface in the vertical cross section of the rear eye unit casing 20B, the spindle 71 is moved in the vertical direction, and from the spray port at each location The sprayed material allows the entire concave surface to reach the vertical cross section of the posterior eyepiece housing 20B. In the example using the spindle 71 shown in FIG. 6B, the invention is not limited to rotating the rotating table 42, and the spindle 71 may be rotated, and furthermore, the rotating table 42 and the spindle 71 may be rotated in opposite directions. Good. The spray ports are not limited to the example (five) shown in FIG. 6B.

  The actual cross section of the simulated retina 30 formed in accordance with the first embodiment is shown in FIGS. 7A-12A. Specifically, one cross section obtained by cutting the posterior-eye housing 20B in which the simulated retina 30 is formed in a vertical plane including the optical axis is an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope (SEM) I took a picture. 7A to 12A show images obtained by photographing the above-mentioned cross section with an SEM.

  In each of FIGS. 7A to 12A, portions 70 (see FIG. 7B) and portions 80 of the simulated retina 30 with respect to the optical axis are 0 degree, 40 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, 110 degrees, and 115 degrees. A cross-section of the region including (see FIG. 8B), portion 90 (see FIG. 9B), portion 100 (see FIG. 10B), portion 110 (see FIG. 11B), portion 115 (see FIG. 12B) is shown.

  As shown in FIGS. 7A to 12A, the simulated retina 30 is formed between the part 72 of the rear eye part case 20B and the resin 74 corresponding to the vitreous, and each layer has a predetermined thickness. Can be confirmed. As can be understood from FIGS. 7A to 12A, it can be confirmed that the simulated retina 30 is formed to have a predetermined thickness of each layer and the entire thickness over the entire concave surface of the posterior eye part housing 20B. As can be understood from FIGS. 7A to 12A, it can be confirmed that the surface of each layer of the simulated retina 30 is smooth.

  The performance of the OCT can be evaluated using the simulated eye 20 manufactured as described above.

  FIG. 13A shows a cross-sectional view of a simulated eye 20 including a central portion 130A including a portion at an angle of 0 degrees with respect to the optical axis in the simulated retina 30 and a peripheral portion 130B including a portion at an angle of 100 degrees. There is.

  In OCT, tomographic images of the central portion 130A and the peripheral portion 130B of the simulated eye 20 illustrated in FIG. 13A are captured. A tomographic image 130A2 obtained by imaging the central portion 130A by OCT is shown in FIG. 13B, and a tomographic image 130B2 obtained by imaging the peripheral portion 130B is shown in FIG. 13C.

  On the other hand, the images 130A1 and 130B1 of the central part 130A and the peripheral part 130B of one cross section of the posterior eye part housing 20B of the simulated eye 20 cut along the vertical plane including the optical axis are shown in FIGS. 13B and 13C. It is shown.

  When the image 130A1 of FIG. 13B is compared with the tomographic image 130A2, it can be understood that the performance of the OCT is not a problem in the central portion 130A because the images are similar in the central portion 130A.

However, when the image 130B1 of FIG. 13C and the tomographic image 130B2 are compared, the tomographic image 130B2 is blurred at the peripheral portion 130B. It can be appreciated that the performance of the OCT is problematic at the perimeter 130B. The reason why the tomographic image 130B2 blurs from the image 130B1 is as follows.
The resolution of the tomogram mainly depends on the amount of dispersion of each wavelength of the light source, that is, the amount of phase delay that each wavelength receives when the light passes through the optical element. The best resolution is achieved when the amount of dispersion between the OCT sample arm and the reference arm is equal.
The amount of dispersion generally differs between when measuring the central portion 130A of the retina and when measuring the peripheral portion 130B, but basically the optical resolution is achieved so that the best resolution is achieved when measuring the central portion 130A. The system is designed. For this reason, the tomographic image 130A2 of the central portion 130A is sharply measured, and the tomographic image 130B2 of the peripheral portion is blurred and measured. Conversely, when the dispersion amount of the optical system is adjusted to the peripheral portion 130B, blurring occurs when measuring the central portion 130A.
Therefore, the states in the case where resolution is achieved with good balance in the central portion 130A and the peripheral portion 130B are the tomographic image 130A3 and the tomographic image 130B3. As understood from the tomographic image 130A3 and the tomographic image 130B3, the tomographic image 130A3 in the central portion 130A is more blurred than the tomographic image 130A2 due to the improvement in the resolution of the tomographic image 130B3 in the peripheral portion 130B.
The optical system is designed to achieve the best resolution at the time of measurement of the central portion 130A, and at the time of measurement of the peripheral portion 130B, based on the amount of delay phase that each wavelength receives when light passes through the optical element. The image quality of peripheral tomographic images may be improved by image processing.

  Thus, in the first embodiment, the resolution in the depth direction of the OCT and the signal noise level can be evaluated from the tomographic image obtained by the OCT using the simulated eye 20. In particular, it is possible to estimate the amount of optical aberration correction required to obtain a good tomographic image 130B3 from the tomographic image 130B2 of the peripheral portion 130B. Therefore, important findings are provided in OCT device development and performance evaluation.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, since the material is spray-sprayed, the simulated retina 30 in which the surface of each layer is smooth is obtained in the range of a viewing angle of 230 degrees based on the center of the simulated eye 20 be able to. Therefore, correct calibration of the fundus examination apparatus such as OCT can be performed.

By the way, the whole retina is transparent to visible light, and focusing on each layer constituting the retina, it is an optical film composed of a plurality of layers having different transmittance, reflectance, scattering rate, and absorption rate. The optical film or the optical thin film can be manufactured by physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In these PVD and CVD methods, as in the retina, an extremely thick optical multilayer film with a total film thickness of 100 μm to 800 μm, in which the film thickness of a single layer is as thick as 15 to 60 μm and 10 to 12 layers of these single layers are laminated. It is extremely difficult to form and almost impossible to manufacture.
In addition, the thermal spraying method using arc plasma is not suitable for the formation of a simulated retina which is an optical film for which the thickness of the film layer must be strictly controlled.
Furthermore, it is impossible in principle to form a thick film of a transparent insulator material in the visible range, such as a simulated retina, even by electroplating.

  However, in the first embodiment, by spraying the material, a simulated eye having a viewing angle of 230 degrees can be manufactured with each layer having a predetermined optical property and a predetermined thickness. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the performance of OCT for capturing a tomographic image having a viewing angle of 230 degrees.

  Further, in OCT, a tomographic image is obtained by interference between signal light and reference light, but in general, the optical path difference between signal light and reference light for obtaining a tomographic image is large between the central region and the peripheral region of the fundus. Because they are different, a unique distortion occurs in the tomographic image. This effect is significant in wide-field OCT having a viewing angle in the range of 200 degrees or more. If the simulated eye 20 of the first embodiment is used, this influence can be evaluated experimentally, and as a result, it becomes possible to study the necessary distortion correction amount and the like.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment will be described. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted, and different parts will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 14A, the simulated eye 140 of the second embodiment includes an anterior eye case 20A and a posterior eye case 140B. The back eye part housing 140B shown in FIG. 14A is different from the back eye part housing 20B shown in FIG. 1B in the following points.

The back eye part housing 140B has a spherical surface (convex surface) over the range of 230 degrees in the vertical cross section of the back eye part housing 20B with a viewing angle θ based on the simulated eye center, and is cut or molded A resin base 146 is provided. The simulated retina 30 is formed on the outer spherical surface of the base 146. In the second embodiment, the order of forming the layers is the reverse of that of the first embodiment, and in the reverse order, the material forming the layers is sprayed by the spray nozzle 40 to form the layers. Form
An area 140IN between the anterior segment case 20A of the simulated eye 140 and the base 146 located in the posterior segment case 140B is hollow. A resin equivalent to the vitreous is accommodated in the hollow area 140IN. The element of the resin is determined such that the optical properties of the housed resin, for example, the refractive index, etc., correspond to the optical properties of the vitreous body as a whole of the resin and the base 146.
The outer region 140ST of the substrate 146 is hollow.
However, when the region 140ST on the outside of the base material 146 is hollow, light transmitted through the base material 146 and the simulated retina 30 is reflected by the inner surface 140M of the rear eye part housing 140B, and OCT is performed via the simulated cornea 22. May be detected by
Therefore, in order to avoid the influence of the reflected light from the inner surface 140M of the rear eye part housing 140B, a black filler (for example, resin) is stored in the region 140ST or the inner surface 140M of the rear eye housing 20B, A light absorbing paint may be applied or a flocked paper may be applied.
Thus, the base material 146 and the simulated retina are stored by storing a black filler in the region 140ST or applying a light absorbing paint or pasting a flocked paper to the inner surface 140M of the rear eye unit casing 20B. The light transmitted through the light source 30 can be prevented from being reflected by the inner surface 140M of the rear eye part housing 20B and detected by the OCT through the simulated cornea 22.
In addition, back eye part case 140B is an example of a "base material" of art of this indication. The outer spherical surface of the substrate 146 is an example of the "curved surface" or "convex surface" of the disclosed technology.

  As shown in FIG. 14B, the material is sprayed onto the outer spherical surface of the substrate 146 while the single spray nozzle 40 is provided, and the single spray nozzle 40 is moved to the outer spherical surface of the substrate 146, The plurality of spray nozzles 40 may be provided, and the material may be sprayed from the plurality of spray nozzles 40 onto the spherical surface outside of the substrate 146 without moving the plurality of spray nozzles 40.

  In the first embodiment, in order to form the simulated retina 30 on the concave surface of the rear eye part housing 20B, the material is spray-sprayed onto the concave surface via the concave opening, whereas in the second embodiment The form differs in that the material is sprayed onto the outer spherical surface of the substrate 146. In the second embodiment, since the concave opening does not have to be considered, the formation of the simulated retina 30 is easy.

  In the second embodiment, in order to form each layer to a predetermined thickness, the rotation speed of the rotation table 42, the distance to the spherical surface outside the base material 146 of the spray nozzle 40, the inclination angle, and the spray nozzle 40. The adjustment of the spray amount per unit time of the material from and the spray time may be performed manually by a person, but may be controlled automatically by a computer in the first embodiment. It is similar to the form of

Third Embodiment
Next, a third embodiment will be described. The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted, and different parts will be described.
In the third embodiment, a curable resin corresponding to the vitreous body 16 is provided with the anterior eye case 20A and the anterior eye case 20A and the posterior eye case 20B according to the first embodiment. It is housed inside the rear eye part case 20B. After the resin is cured, the rear eye unit casing 20B is removed. The outer surface (convex surface) corresponding to the concave surface of the cured resin rear eye unit casing 20B is exposed. The simulated retina 30 is formed on the outer exposed surface of the resin by forming the formation order of the layers in the reverse order to the first embodiment.
Then, the posterior eye part housing 20B is attached again, and in order to avoid the influence of the reflected light from the inner surface of the rear eye part housing 20B, the simulated retina 30 is provided between the posterior eye part housing 20B and the simulated retina 30. Filled with a black filler (eg, resin) that absorbs light transmitted through the Thus, the present invention is not limited to the filling of the black filler between the posterior eye segment housing 20B and the simulated retina 30. For example, a light absorbing paint that absorbs light transmitted through the simulated retina 30 may be applied to the concave surface of the rear eye unit housing 20B, or a flocked paper may be attached.

In the third embodiment, the base material 146 of the second embodiment can be omitted. Also, in the third embodiment, the resin element can be defined to correspond to the optical properties of the vitreous body without considering the base material 146.

The cured resin is an example of the “base material” of the technology of the present disclosure. The outer surface of the cured resin corresponding to the concave surface of the rear eye part housing 20B is an example of the “curved surface” or “convex surface” of the technology of the present disclosure.

  In the first to third embodiments described above, the spray is provided, and the material is sprayed by the spray nozzle, but the technology of the present disclosure is limited to such a spray. Alternatively, other methods of spraying that spray the material may be used.

20 simulated eye 20A anterior eye case 20B posterior eye case 22 simulated cornea 24 simulated lens 28 simulated eye center 30 simulated retina 30A A layer 30B B layer 30C C layer 40 spray nozzle 42 rotating table 44 rotating shaft 50 electric film Thickness gauge 60 Spindle 71 Spindle 140B Rear eye case 146 Base material

Claims (7)

A method of producing a simulated eye having a simulated retina, comprising:
A process of forming a layer by spraying a layer forming composition for forming at least one layer constituting the simulated retina on the curved surface of a substrate having a curved surface corresponding to the shape of an eyeball;
Method of manufacturing a simulated eye comprising. The curved surface on which the layer forming composition is sprayed is concave or convex.
A method of manufacturing a simulated eye according to claim 1. In the step of forming the layers, a plurality of layer forming compositions for forming each of the plurality of layers constituting the simulated retina are sequentially sprayed on the curved surface to form each of the plurality of layers. Have a journey,
A method of producing a simulated eye according to claim 1 or claim 2. The layer-forming composition is sprayed by spraying the layer-forming composition onto the curved surface via a spray nozzle.
A method of manufacturing a simulated eye according to any one of the preceding claims. In the step of forming the layer, the layer is formed in a range in which the viewing angle exceeds 60 degrees with respect to the center of the simulated eye.
A method of manufacturing a simulated eye according to any one of the preceding claims.   The method for manufacturing a simulated eye according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shape is a shape of vitreous in an eye. A simulated eye with a simulated retina,
A substrate having a curved surface corresponding to the shape of the eye;
A simulated retina having a smooth surface, formed on the curved surface of the substrate in a range where a viewing angle exceeds 60 degrees with respect to the center of the simulated eye;
Simulated eye with.