JP2019075901A - Distributed type power control device, distributed type power control method and computer program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a distributed type power control device capable of preventing frequent switching between operation and stop of each of distributed type power supplies, and controlling the distributed type power supplies.SOLUTION: A distributed type power control device for controlling distributed type power supplies included in a power facility, includes: a demand prediction section for calculating a demand prediction value, which is a prediction value of power demand in the power facility; an operation state acquisition section for acquiring operation states at predetermined time of the distributed type power supplies; an operation plan calculation section for calculating operation plans after the predetermined time of the distributed type power supplies, under a constraint that each operation state acquired by the operation state acquisition section is maintained at the start of the operation plan of each distributed type power supply, based on the demand prediction value calculated by the demand prediction section and the operation states acquired by the operation state acquisition section; and a control section for controlling the distributed type power supplies, based on the operation plans calculated by the operation plan calculation section.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a distributed power control device, a distributed power control method, and a computer program for controlling distributed power included in a power facility.

  With the progress of introduction of distributed power sources such as generators or storage batteries to consumers, it is required to use the introduced distributed power sources with high efficiency. Under such background, in recent years, EMS (Energy Management System) has become widespread.

  The EMS predicts the load demand at the customer and the amount of power generation of a renewable energy generator such as a solar power generator, and based on the prediction result and the restrictions on the operation of the distributed power source, a distributed power supply The operation plan is calculated, and the distributed power source is controlled based on the calculated operation plan (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP, 2013-198360, A

  Normally, the operation plan is updated in units of several tens of minutes, but at that time, switching between the operation and stop of the distributed power supply occurs frequently unless the previously calculated operation plan and the operating state of the distributed power supply are taken into consideration. This leads to failure of the distributed power supply and an increase in maintenance frequency.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a distributed power control apparatus capable of controlling the distributed power by preventing frequent switching of operation and stop of the distributed power, and distributed type It is an object of the present invention to provide a power control method and a computer program.

  (1) In order to achieve the above object, a distributed power supply control device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a distributed power supply control device for controlling a distributed power supply included in an electric power facility, wherein A demand forecasting unit which computes a demand forecasting value which is a forecasted value of power demand, an operation status acquiring unit which obtains an operation status at a predetermined time of the dispersed power source, and the demand forecasting value computed by the demand forecasting unit; Under the constraint that the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit is maintained at the start of the operation plan of the distributed power source based on the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit, The operation plan calculation unit calculates an operation plan after the predetermined time of the distributed power supply, and the control unit controls the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit.

  (4) A distributed power supply control device according to another embodiment of the present invention is a distributed power supply control device for controlling a distributed power supply included in a power facility, which is a predicted value of the power demand in the power facility A demand forecasting unit for computing a demand forecast value; an operation plan computing unit for computing an operation plan of the dispersed power source having a predetermined time particle size based on the demand forecast value calculated by the demand forecasting unit; A control unit for controlling the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the calculation unit, the control unit controlling the distributed power supply at the start of the predetermined time granularity of the operation plan .

  (5) A distributed power supply control method according to another embodiment of the present invention is a distributed power supply control method for controlling a distributed power supply included in a power facility, which is a predicted value of the power demand in the power facility. A step of calculating a demand forecast value, a step of acquiring an operation state at a predetermined time of the distributed power source, an operation plan of the distributed power source based on the demand forecast value and the operating state Calculating an operation plan of the distributed power supply after the predetermined time under the constraint of maintaining at the start of the operation, and controlling the distributed power supply based on the operation plan; Including.

  (6) A computer program according to another embodiment of the present invention is a computer program for causing a computer to function as a distributed power control apparatus for controlling a distributed power source included in a power facility, the computer comprising A demand forecasting unit that computes a forecasted demand value that is a forecasted value of power demand in the electric power facility, an operating condition obtaining unit that obtains an operating condition at a predetermined time of the dispersed power source, and the demand calculated by the demand forecasting unit The constraint condition that the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit is maintained at the start of the operation plan of the distributed power source based on the predicted value and the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit And an operation plan calculation unit that calculates an operation plan after the predetermined time of the distributed power source, and the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit. A control unit for controlling the decentralized power, is to function.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to control the distributed power supply while preventing frequent switching of operation and stop of the distributed power supply.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the electric power system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the driving | operation plan of an internal combustion power generator, and control of an internal combustion power generator. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the operation plan preparation process of an internal combustion power generator and an electric power storage apparatus by a distributed power supply control apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the meaning of a variable. It is a figure for demonstrating the meaning of a constant. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of control of an internal combustion power generator and an electric power storage apparatus by a distributed power supply control apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the driving | operation plan of an internal combustion power generator and control of an internal combustion power generator which were created by the conventional method. It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the electric power system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the driving | operation plan of an internal combustion power generator, and control of an internal combustion power generator. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of control of an internal combustion power generator and an electric power storage apparatus by the distributed power supply control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the driving | operation plan of an internal combustion power generator, and control of an internal combustion power generator. FIG. 17 is a diagram for describing an operation plan of an internal combustion power generator and control of the internal combustion power generator according to a modification of the third embodiment.

[Outline of the embodiment of the present invention]
First, the outline of the embodiment of the present invention will be listed and described.

  (1) A distributed power supply control device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a distributed power supply control device for controlling a distributed power supply included in an electric power facility, wherein the demand is a predicted value of the electric power demand in the electric power facility A demand forecasting unit that computes forecasted values, an operating condition obtaining unit that obtains an operating condition at a predetermined time of the distributed power source, the demand forecasted value calculated by the demand forecasting unit, and the operating condition obtaining unit Under the constraint that the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit is maintained at the start of the operation plan of the distributed power source based on the operating state, and after the predetermined time of the distributed power source And a control unit that controls the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to calculate the operation plan such that the operation state of the distributed power supply at the predetermined time is maintained at the start of the operation plan after the predetermined time. This can prevent the operating state of the distributed power supply from being changed when control of the distributed power supply based on the operation plan is started. That is, the distributed power supply can be controlled by preventing frequent switching between operation and stop of the distributed power supply.

  (2) Preferably, the operation plan calculation unit calculates the operation plan for each predetermined cycle, and the operation state acquisition unit determines the predetermined time of the distributed power source based on the operation plan before update. And the constraint condition includes the constraint condition that the operation state acquired based on the operation plan before update is maintained at the start of the operation plan after update.

  According to this configuration, the operation plan is created such that the operation state of the distributed power supply at a predetermined time in the operation plan before the update matches the operation state of the distributed power supply at the start of the operation plan after the update. Therefore, before and after the start of control according to the updated operation plan, it is possible to prevent the operating state of the distributed power source from being changed.

  (3) Further, even if the operation state acquisition unit acquires the operation state at the predetermined time of the distributed power supply based on a control command that the control unit gives the distributed power supply at the predetermined time. Good.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to create the operation plan so that the content of the control command given to the distributed power source at a predetermined time coincides with the operation state at the start of the operation plan. That is, when the operation control command is issued to the distributed power source, an operation plan in which the distributed power source is operated at the start of the operation plan is created, and the control command to the distributed power source is stopped When the operation plan is started, an operation plan is created in which the distributed power supply is stopped at the start of the operation plan. Thereby, before and after the start of the operation plan, it is possible to prevent the operating state of the distributed power source from being changed.

  (4) A distributed power supply control device according to another embodiment of the present invention is a distributed power supply control device for controlling a distributed power supply included in a power facility, which is a predicted value of the power demand in the power facility A demand forecasting unit for computing a demand forecast value; an operation plan computing unit for computing an operation plan of the dispersed power source having a predetermined time particle size based on the demand forecast value calculated by the demand forecasting unit; A control unit for controlling the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the calculation unit, the control unit controlling the distributed power supply at the start of the predetermined time granularity of the operation plan .

  According to this configuration, it is possible to limit the timing of operation control or stop control of the distributed power source at the start of the time granularity of the operation plan. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the operating state of the distributed power supply from being changed in the middle of the time granularity. This can prevent the operating state of the distributed power source from being frequently changed. That is, the distributed power supply can be controlled by preventing frequent switching between operation and stop of the distributed power supply.

  (5) A distributed power supply control method according to another embodiment of the present invention is a distributed power supply control method for controlling a distributed power supply included in a power facility, which is a predicted value of the power demand in the power facility A step of calculating a demand forecast value, a step of acquiring an operation state at a predetermined time of the distributed power source, an operation plan of the distributed power source based on the demand forecast value and the operating state Calculating an operation plan of the distributed power supply after the predetermined time under the constraint of maintaining at the start of the operation, and controlling the distributed power supply based on the operation plan; Including.

  This configuration includes steps corresponding to the characteristic processing units included in the above-described distributed power control device. Therefore, the same operation and effect as the above-described distributed power supply control device can be exhibited.

  (6) A computer program according to another embodiment of the present invention is a computer program for causing a computer to function as a distributed power control apparatus for controlling a distributed power source included in a power facility, the computer comprising A demand forecasting unit that computes a forecasted demand value that is a forecasted value of power demand in the electric power facility, an operating condition obtaining unit that obtains an operating condition at a predetermined time of the dispersed power source, and the demand calculated by the demand forecasting unit The constraint condition that the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit is maintained at the start of the operation plan of the distributed power source based on the predicted value and the operating state acquired by the operating state acquiring unit And an operation plan calculation unit that calculates an operation plan after the predetermined time of the distributed power source, and the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit. A control unit for controlling the decentralized power, is to function.

  According to this configuration, the computer can function as the above-described distributed power control device. Therefore, the same operation and effect as the above-described distributed power supply control device can be exhibited.

[Details of the Embodiment of the Present Invention]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The embodiments described below all show one preferable specific example of the present invention. Numerical values, components, arrangement positions and connection forms of components, steps, order of steps, and the like shown in the following embodiments are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The invention is specified by the claims. Therefore, among the components in the following embodiments, components that are not described in the independent claim showing the highest concept of the present invention are not necessarily required to achieve the object of the present invention, It is described as constituting a preferred embodiment.

  In addition, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. Since their functions and names are also the same, their descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

Embodiment 1
[Generation system configuration]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an entire configuration of a power system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

  The power system 1 according to the first embodiment calculates, for example, an operation plan of the power equipment 30 installed in a factory and the distributed power source included in the power equipment 30, and controls the distributed power according to the calculated operation plan. And a distributed power control unit 10. That is, the power system 1 includes a distribution network consisting of AC distribution lines 80 disposed in a factory, and an internal combustion generator 40 as a power facility 30 connected to each of the AC distribution lines 80, a power storage device 50, a solar The optical power generator 60, the load device 70, and the distributed power control device 10 connected to the power equipment 30 (power devices 40 to 70) via the communication network 20 are provided.

  The distributed power supply control device 10 calculates an operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50, which are distributed power sources, in order to satisfy the power demand by the load device 70. In addition, the distributed power supply control device 10 transmits the control command based on the calculated operation plan to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 via the communication network 20, whereby the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage are stored. Control the operation of the device 50. The distributed power supply control device 10 is configured by, for example, a FEMS (Factory Energy Management System) server that performs energy management in a factory.

  The communication network 20 is a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), the Internet, or the like.

  The internal combustion power generator 40 includes, for example, a power generation device that converts combustion energy such as gas or diesel oil into electric energy.

  However, the power system 1 may include, instead of the internal combustion power generator 40 or together with the internal combustion power generator 40, a power generation device such as a fuel cell that converts energy into electrical energy by chemical change.

  The power storage device 50 includes, for example, a secondary battery such as a redox flow (RF) battery, a lithium ion battery, a molten salt battery, and a lead storage battery. The power storage device 50 is connected to the AC distribution line 80 via a bi-directional DC (direct current) / AC (AC) converter. In addition, a flywheel battery, a pumped storage generator, etc. may be used instead of these secondary batteries.

  The solar power generator 60 is configured to include a solar cell, and converts sunlight into electric power using the solar cell. The solar power generator 60 is connected to an AC distribution line 80 via a unidirectional DC / AC converter. In the present embodiment, a solar power generator 60 will be described as an example of a power generation device using renewable energy. However, the power generation device using renewable energy is not limited to the solar power generator 60, and is, for example, a power generation device that generates power using wind power, wave power, tidal power, geothermal heat, biomass, etc. It is good.

  The load device 70 includes, for example, a non-regulated load device in which no regulation is actually permitted although power regulation is impossible or possible, such as a production machine. In addition, the load device 70 may include an adjustable load device capable of adjusting power consumption, such as lighting and air conditioner. The load device 70 is connected to the AC distribution line 80 via a device capable of control and measurement of power information, such as a smart tap or a smart distribution board.

  The power system 1 can be grid-connected to the power system 90, and the insufficient power in the power system 1 can be obtained from the power system 90.

[Configuration of Distributed Power Control Device 10]
The configuration of the distributed power control apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The distributed power supply control device 10 includes a demand prediction unit 11, an operation state acquisition unit 12, an operation plan calculation unit 13, a control unit 14, a storage unit 15, a data collection unit 16, and a communication I / F unit 17. And

  The communication I / F unit 17 is an interface for communicating with each of the power devices 40 to 70 via the communication network 20.

  The data collection unit 16 collects, from the power devices 40 to 70, actual values regarding input and output of power via the communication I / F unit 17. That is, the data collection unit 16 collects the actual value of the generated power from the internal combustion power generator 40. Further, the data collection unit 16 collects, from the power storage device 50, actual values of charge and discharge power. Further, the data collection unit 16 collects the actual value of the generated power from the solar power generator 60. Further, the data collection unit 16 collects, from the load device 70, the actual value of the demand power and the actual value of the purchased power from the electric power system 90. The data collection unit 16 stores the collected actual value in the storage device 15. The data collection unit 16 collects, for example, the actual value in a one-second cycle.

  The storage device 15 is configured of a hard disk drive (HDD), a non-volatile memory, a volatile memory, or the like, and stores various information.

  The demand prediction unit 11 calculates a demand forecast value, which is a forecast value of the power demand in the power equipment 30, based on the actual values of the power devices 40 to 70 collected by the data collection unit 16 stored in the storage device 15. . The calculation method of a demand forecast value can use a well-known technique not the main point of this application. Therefore, the detailed description is omitted. For example, the demand forecast value may be calculated by correcting the past actual value of the power demand for each day of the week based on weather data or the like. The demand prediction unit 11 stores the calculated demand prediction value in the storage device 15.

  When the demand forecast value is stored in advance in the storage device 15, the demand forecast unit 11 may acquire the demand forecast value by reading the demand forecast value from the storage device 15.

  The operating state acquisition unit 12 acquires the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at a predetermined time. Here, the predetermined time refers to the update timing of the operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50. The operation plan is updated by the operation plan calculation unit 13 described later for each planned particle size that indicates the time granularity of the operation plan. The operating state acquiring unit 12 calculates the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the update timing of the next operation plan based on the operation plan before the update currently in operation. 40 and acquired as the operating state of the power storage device 50.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for describing an operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and control of the internal combustion power generator 40. As shown in FIG. The horizontal axis shows time, and the upper part shows four operation plans (operation plans 1 to 4) in the order of calculation. The lower part shows the control result of the internal combustion generator 40 based on the operation plan.

  For example, in a situation where control of the internal combustion power generator 40 is performed according to the operation plan 1, it is assumed that the replanning timing (time step t = 1) of the operation plan has arrived. At this time, the operating state acquiring unit 12 acquires a plan of the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 1 from the operation plan 1 before the update. The plan of the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 1 is stop. Therefore, the operating state acquisition unit 12 acquires “stop of the internal combustion power generator 40” as the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 1.

  Similarly, the operating state acquiring unit 12 acquires “the operation of the internal combustion power generator 40” at time step t = 2 as the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40, and “internal combustion power” at the time step t = 3. The operation of the generator 40 is obtained.

  Although the internal combustion power generator 40 has been described with reference to FIG. 2, the same applies to the power storage device 50.

The operation plan calculation unit 13 calculates the demand forecast value calculated or acquired by the demand prediction unit 11 and the operation states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the replanning timing of the operation plan acquired by the operation state acquisition unit 12. The operation plan for each time step (t) is calculated by optimizing a predetermined objective function under a predetermined constraint condition. Note that the operating conditions of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the replanning timing of the operation plan acquired by the operating state acquiring unit 12 are maintained at the start of the updated operation plan under the predetermined constraint conditions. And constraints are included. For example, in FIG. 2, since the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 at the replanning timing (time step t = 1) is “stop of the internal combustion power generator 40”, at the start of the updated operation plan 2 The operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 includes the same constraint as "stop the internal combustion power generator 40". Similarly, since the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 at the replanning timing (time step t = 2) is “operation of the internal combustion power generator 40”, internal combustion power generation at the start of the updated operation plan 3 The operating state of the machine 40 includes the same constraint as the "operation of the internal combustion generator 40". The operation plan calculation unit 13 calculates, for example, an operation plan with a planned granularity of 10 minutes up to 48 hours. A specific example of the method of calculating the operation plan will be described later.
The operation plan calculation unit 13 causes the storage device 15 to store the calculated operation plan.

  The control unit 14 transmits the control command to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 via the communication I / F unit 17 based on the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit 13 to generate internal combustion power generation. Control the machine 40 and the power storage device 50.

  The control unit 14 can also control the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 in real time based on the actual values collected by the data collection unit 16. For example, the control unit 14 performs the discharge from the power storage device 50 and the power generation by the internal combustion power generator 40 when the total of the actual demand values in the power equipment 30 is likely to exceed the target demand. Demand control can be performed to ensure that the total of the above does not exceed the target demand.

  Here, when performing control according to the operation plan, the control unit 14 controls the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the start of the operation plan and at the start of the planned granularity of the operation plan. Do.

  For example, in FIG. 2, the operation plan 1 is started from “operation”, and is “stopped” at the next 10-minute particle size (t = 1 to 2). For this reason, the control unit 14 transmits the control command of “operation” to the power storage device 50 immediately after the calculation of the operation plan 1 so that the power storage device 50 is stopped at time step t = 1. The control command of “stop” is transmitted to the power storage device 50.

  Further, it is assumed that calculation of the operation plan 2 is started at time step t = 1 and calculation of the operation plan 2 is completed before reaching time step t = 2. The operation plan 2 is started from "stop", and is "run" in the next 10-minute particle size (t = 2 to 3). Therefore, the control unit 14 transmits a control command of “stop” to the power storage device 50 immediately after the calculation of the operation plan 2. Also, at time step t = 2, a control command of “operation” is transmitted to the power storage device 50 so that the power storage device 50 is operated.

  Similarly to the operation plan 1 and the operation plan 2, the calculation of the operation plan is started from the re-planning timing for the operation plan 3 and the operation plan 4 and the calculation of the operation plan is ended in the middle of the planned granularity. The control unit 14 controls the internal combustion generator 40 according to the operation plan immediately after the calculation of the operation plan, that is, at the start of the operation plan. Further, at the start of the planned granularity of the operation plan (for example, time step t = 3 or t = 4), the control unit 14 controls the internal combustion power generator 40 according to the operation plan.

  However, the operation plans 1 to 4 are prepared such that “stop” or “operation” is maintained in the middle of the planned granularity. Therefore, within each planned granularity, control is not performed such that the power storage device 50 is switched from “stop” to “operation” or from “operation” to “stop”.

[Procedure of operation planning process]
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the operation plan creation process of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 by the distributed power supply control device 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the distributed power supply control device 10 stands by until replanning timing arrives (NO in S1).

  When the replanning timing arrives (YES in S1), the demand prediction unit 11 determines the power equipment 30 based on the actual values of the power devices 40 to 70 collected in advance by the data collection unit 16 stored in the storage device 15. Calculate a demand forecast value which is a forecast value of the power demand in (S2).

  The operating state acquiring unit 12 acquires the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 based on the currently operating operation plan before update (S3). For example, the operating state acquisition unit 12 acquires “operation” or “stop” for the internal combustion power generator 40, and acquires “charge”, “discharge” or “stop” for the power storage device 50.

  For example, referring to FIG. 2, in the case where the current replanning timing is time step t = 1, the operating state acquisition unit 12 generates the internal combustion power generator 40 from the currently operating plan 1. “Stop of the internal combustion power generator 40” is acquired as the operating state at time step t = 1.

  The operation plan calculation unit 13 optimizes an objective function predetermined under a predetermined constraint condition based on the demand forecast value calculated by the demand forecasting unit 11 to obtain an operation plan for each time step (t). Is calculated (S4). For example, referring to FIG. 2, when the current replanning timing is time step t = 1, the operation plan calculation unit 13 calculates the operation plan 2.

  The operation plan calculation process (S4) by the operation plan calculation unit 13 will be described in detail below.

The operation plan calculation unit 13 minimizes the value of the objective function (Equation 1) under the constraints (Equation 2 to Equation 13) below (1) to (12) based on mathematical programming. The operation plan of the internal combustion generator 40 and the power storage device 50 is calculated. Here, the subscript i indicates the difference between the internal combustion power generator 40, the subscript j indicates the difference between the power storage devices 50, the subscript k indicates the difference between the photovoltaic generators 60, and the subscript t indicates the time Indicates a step. t _start indicates the _start time of the operation plan in the operation plan whose preparation has been started at time step t.
For example, in the configuration shown in FIG. 1, 1 ≦ i ≦ 3, 1 ≦ j ≦ 3, and 1 ≦ k ≦ 3.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the meaning of a variable, and FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the meaning of a constant. The meanings of variables and constants are as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, respectively.

In addition, the objective function which the driving | operation plan calculation part 13 minimizes is not limited to cost. For example, CO ₂ emissions may be used as an objective function, or a function combining cost and CO ₂ emissions may be used as an objective function.

(Objective function)
Minimization: Cost = C _E + C _G (Equation 1)

(Constraint condition)
(1) Upper and lower limits of the output of the internal combustion generator 40:
P _GL (i) · SW _G (i) P P _G (i, t) P P _GH (i) · SW _G (i)
... (Equation 2)
(2) Upper and lower limits of the output change amount of the internal combustion generator 40:
−PΔ ≦ P _G (i, t) − P _G (i, t−1) ≦ P Δ (Equation 3)
(3) Constraint of fuel consumption of internal combustion power generator 40:
E (i, t) = a (i) P _G (i, t) T (t) (Equation 4)
(4) Upper and lower limits of the power storage device 50 output:
P _BL (j) ≦ P _B (j, t) ≦ P _BH (j) (Equation 5)
(5) Upper and lower limits on the remaining charge of the power storage device 50:
SOC _L (j) ≦ SOC (j, t) ≦ SOC _H (j) (6)
(6) Restriction of Charge Remaining Amount Change of Power Storage Device 50:
SOC (j, t) = SOC (j, t-1)-η (j) · P _B (j, t) · T (t)
... (Equation 7)
(7) Constraints on supply and demand balance:
P _E (t) + P _G (i, t) + P _B (j, t) + P _R (k, t)-P _D (t) = 0
... (Equation 8)
(8) Power purchase restrictions:
P _E (t) ≦ P _{E H} (Equation 9)
(9) Restrictions on electricity rates:
C _E = R _E (t) Σ _t P _E (t) T (t) (Equation 10)
(10) Gas rate limitations:
C _G = R _G Σ _{i t t} E (i, t) (Equation 11)
(11) Constraint of operating state continuity of internal combustion generator 40:
SW _G (i, t) = SW _G (i, t _start ) (Equation 12)
(12) Constraint of Operating State Continuity of Power Storage Device 50:
SW _B (j, t) = SW _B (j, t _start ) ... (Equation 13)

  By the operation plan calculation process (S4), it is possible to calculate the operation plan of the predetermined planned granularity allocated for each time step (t).

  By providing the constraint condition (formula 12) of (11), for example, referring to FIG. 2, when the replanning timing is time step t = 1, it is acquired from operation plan 1 at time step t = 1. The operating state “stop” of the internal combustion power generator 40 is maintained as “stop” even at the start of the operation plan 2.

  Further, by providing the constraint condition (equation 13) of (12), the operation state of the power storage device 50 acquired from the operation plan 1 at the time step t = 1 starts the operation plan 2 also for the power storage device 50. It is maintained at the same time.

[Procedure of distributed power control]
FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a procedure of control of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 by the distributed power supply control device 10.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the time step (t) is updated, that is, at the start of the planned granularity of the operation plan (YES in S11), the control unit 14 performs the operation plan calculation process (FIG. The operation of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 is controlled by transmitting the control command to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 according to the operation plan calculated in S4) (S13).

  Further, at the end of calculation of the operation plan, that is, at the start of the operation plan (NO in S11, YES in S12), the control unit 14 calculates the operation plan calculated in the operation plan calculation process (S4 in FIG. 3). By transmitting the control command to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 in accordance with the above, the operation of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 is controlled (S13).

  For example, referring to FIG. 2, control unit 14 operates internal combustion generator 40 at the start of operation plan 1 according to operation plan 1 and then stops internal combustion generator 40 at time step t = 1. Let Further, after stopping the internal combustion power generator 40 at the start of the operation plan 2 according to the operation plan 2, the control unit 14 operates the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 2. Further, after operating the internal combustion generator 40 at the start of the operation plan 3 in accordance with the operation plan 3, the control unit 14 operates the internal combustion generator 40 at time step t = 3. Furthermore, after operating the internal combustion power generator 40 at the start of the operation plan 4 according to the operation plan 4, the control unit 14 stops the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 4.

[Effects of Embodiment 1]
FIG. 7 is a diagram for describing the operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the control of the internal combustion power generator 40 created by the conventional method. The view of FIG. 7 is similar to that of FIG.

  In the conventional method, the constraint (Expression 12) of (11) and the constraint (Expression 13) of (12) described above do not exist.

  For this reason, the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 in the pre-update operation plan are not taken over by the post-update operation plan. Therefore, for example, although the internal combustion power generator 40 is “stopped” at time step t = 1, the internal combustion power generator 40 is set to “operation” at the start of the operation plan 2. Therefore, in the middle of the planned granularity, the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 may be switched from "stop" to "run". Similarly, at the start of operation plan 3, the internal combustion power generator 40 is "stopped" at the start of operation plan 3 despite the internal combustion power generator 40 being "operated" at time step t = 2 The operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 may be switched from "operation" to "stop".

  On the other hand, according to the first embodiment, the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the time of updating the time step are maintained at the start of the operation plan whose preparation is started at the time of updating. The operation plan can be calculated. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 from being changed when the control of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 based on the operation plan is started. That is, the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 can be controlled while preventing frequent switching of operation and stop of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50.

  In addition, the operating state acquiring unit 12 acquires the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 based on the operation plan before the update. Therefore, the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 in the operation plan before updating coincide with the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the start of the operating plan after update. An operation plan is created. This makes it possible to prevent the operating state of the distributed power source from being changed before and after the start of control according to the updated operation plan.

Second Embodiment
The distributed power supply control device 10 according to the first embodiment acquires the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 based on the operation plan before the update. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 is obtained based on the control command that the control unit 14 has issued to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50. Do.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an entire configuration of a power system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

  The power system 1A according to the second embodiment is different from the power system 1 of FIG. 1 and includes a distributed power control device 10A instead of the distributed power control device 10.

  The distributed power supply control apparatus 10A includes an operating state acquisition unit 12A in place of the operating state acquisition unit 12 in the distributed power supply control apparatus 10 of FIG. 1.

  The operation state acquisition unit 12A is configured to control the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the update timing of the operation plan based on the control command that the control unit 14 has performed to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50. Get the operating status.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing an operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and control of the internal combustion power generator 40. As shown in FIG. The view of FIG. 9 is the same as that of FIG.

  For example, in a situation where control of the internal combustion power generator 40 is performed according to the operation plan 1, it is assumed that the replanning timing (time step t = 1) of the operation plan has arrived. At this time, the control unit 14 transmits a control command to stop the internal combustion power generator 40 to the internal combustion power generator 40 in accordance with the operation plan 1. In addition, the operating state acquisition unit 12A acquires the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 based on the control command that the control unit 14 transmits to the internal combustion power generator 40.

  For example, at time step t = 1, the control unit 14 transmits a “stop” control command to the internal combustion power generator 40. Therefore, the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 after the transmission of the control command is "stop". Accordingly, the operating state acquisition unit 12A acquires the control command transmitted by the control unit 14, and acquires “stop of the internal combustion power generator 40” as the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 from the acquired control command.

Similarly, at time step t = 2, the control unit 14 transmits a control command of “operation” to the internal combustion power generator 40. Therefore, the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 after transmission of the control command is "operation". Accordingly, the operating state acquisition unit 12A acquires the control command transmitted by the control unit 14, and acquires “operation of the internal combustion power generator 40” as the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 from the acquired control command.
The other processes are the same as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the operation plan is performed so that the content of the control command given to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 matches the operation state at the start of the operation plan. Can be created. That is, when a control command of operation is issued to the internal combustion power generator 40, an operation plan in which the operation of the internal combustion power generator 40 is performed at the start of the operation plan is created, and the internal combustion power generator 40 is If a control command for stopping operation is issued, an operation plan is generated in which the internal combustion generator 40 is stopped at the start of the operation plan. Thereby, before and after the start of the operation plan, the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 can be prevented from being changed.

  The same applies to the power storage device 50. When the control command of "charge" is transmitted to the power storage device 50, the operating state of the power storage device 50 at the start of the operation plan is "charge". When the control command of "discharge" is transmitted to the power storage device 50, the operating state of the power storage device 50 at the start of the operation plan is "discharge". In addition, when the control command of “stop” is transmitted to the power storage device 50, the operating state of the power storage device 50 at the start of the operation plan is set to “stop”.

Third Embodiment
In the first and second embodiments, transmission of a control command to the distributed power source is permitted in the middle of the planned granularity. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, it is not permitted to transmit the control command to the distributed power supply in the middle of the planned granularity.

  The configuration of the power system 1 according to the third embodiment is the same as the configuration of the power system 1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  However, control processing of the internal combustion generator 40 and the power storage device 50 by the control unit 14 is partially different from that of the first embodiment. That is, the control unit 14 controls the distributed power supply only at the start of the planned granularity.

  FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing a procedure of control of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 by the distributed power supply control device 10 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 10, when the time step (t) is updated, that is, at the start of the planned granularity of the operation plan (YES in S11), the control unit 14 executes the operation plan calculation process (FIG. The operation of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 is controlled by transmitting the control command to the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 according to the operation plan calculated in S4) (S13).

  A different point from the processing in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is that the control command is not transmitted when the calculation of the operation plan is in the middle of the planned granularity.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for describing an operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and control of the internal combustion power generator 40. As shown in FIG. The view of FIG. 11 is the same as that of FIG.

  For example, the control unit 14 stops the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 1 according to the operation plan 1. Thereafter, the control unit 14 operates the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 2 according to the operation plan 2. Further, the control unit 14 operates the internal combustion generator 40 at time step t = 3 according to the operation plan 3. Furthermore, the control unit 14 stops the internal combustion power generator 40 at time step t = 4 according to the operation plan 4.

  According to the third embodiment, the timing of the operation control or the stop control of the internal combustion power generator 40 can be limited to the start of the time granularity of the operation plan. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 from being changed in the middle of the time granularity. This can prevent the operating state of the internal combustion power generator 40 from being frequently changed.

  The same applies to the power storage device 50, and the timing of charge control, discharge control or stop control of the power storage device 50 can be limited to the start of the time granularity of the operation plan. This can prevent the operating state of the power storage device 50 from being frequently changed.

(Modification of Embodiment 3)
In the third embodiment, the operation plan calculation unit 13 operates the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the replanning timing of the operation plan acquired by the operation state acquisition unit 12 as in the first and second embodiments. We decided to calculate the operation plan using the state. However, the operation plan may be calculated without using the operating state. That is, the operation plan calculation unit 13 sets (11) and (12) among the constraint conditions (formula 2 to formula 13) of (1) to (12) described in the first embodiment based on mathematical programming. Under the constraints (1) to (10) except for the constraints (1) and (13), the internal combustion force is minimized so as to minimize the value of the objective function (1) The operation plan of the generator 40 and the power storage device 50 may be calculated.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram for describing an operation plan of the internal combustion power generator 40 and control of the internal combustion power generator 40 according to a modification of the third embodiment. The view of FIG. 12 is the same as that of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the operation plan calculation unit 13 does not use the operation states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 at the replanning timing of the operation plan acquired by the operation state acquisition unit 12. calculate. Therefore, for example, at the start of the operation plan 2, the internal combustion generator 40 is stopped, but its operating state is not taken over by the operation plan 2, and at the start of the operation plan 2, the internal combustion generator 40 is The operating condition is planned as "operation".

  Even if such an operation plan is performed, the timing of operation control or stop control of the internal combustion power generator 40 is limited to the start of the time granularity of the operation plan by performing the same control as in the third embodiment. Can. The same applies to the power storage device 50. This can prevent the operating states of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50 from being frequently changed.

[Supplementary note]
In the above-described embodiment, as an example of the configuration of the distributed power supply control device 10 that controls the operation of the internal combustion power generator 40 and the power storage device 50, an FEMS server that controls the operation of power devices installed in a factory is assumed. However, the distributed power control apparatus 10 is not limited to the FEMS server. For example, a building energy management system (BEMS) server, a mansion energy management system (MEMS) server, a home energy management system (HEMS) server, or the like may be adopted as the distributed power control device 10. That is, the power equipment 30 is not limited to the power system installed in a factory or the like, and may be a power system installed in a building, an apartment, or a home.

  In addition to the predicted value of the power demand in the power facility 30, the demand forecasting unit 11 may calculate the predicted value of the heat demand in the power facility 30, the predicted value of the power generation amount in the solar power generator 60, etc. . Thereby, the operation plan calculation unit 13 uses the predicted value of the heat demand in the power equipment 30, the predicted value of the power generation amount in the solar power generator 60, and the like in addition to the predicted value of the power demand in the power equipment 30. An operation plan can be calculated.

  Further, although the distributed power supply control device 10 controlling the distributed power supply has been described in the above-described embodiment, the control target is not limited to the distributed power supply. For example, the present invention can be applied to a control device that controls a load device of adjustable type capable of adjusting power consumption.

  Specifically, the distributed power supply control device 10 described above is configured as a computer system that includes a microprocessor, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an HDD, a display unit, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like. May be A computer program is stored in the RAM or the HDD. The distributed power supply controller 10 achieves its functions by the microprocessor operating according to the computer program.

  Furthermore, some or all of the components of the distributed power control device 10 may be configured of one system LSI.

Also, the present invention may be the method described above. Furthermore, the present invention may be a computer program that implements these methods by a computer. The computer program may be distributed by being recorded in a computer readable non-temporary recording medium, such as an HDD, a CD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, etc., or via a network represented by the Internet, data broadcasting, etc. Can also be transmitted.
Also, the distributed power control device 10 may be realized by a plurality of computers.

  Also, some or all of the functions of the distributed power control device 10 may be provided by cloud computing. That is, some or all of the functions of each device may be realized by the cloud server. For example, the function of the demand prediction unit 11 may be realized by a cloud server, and the distributed power control device 10 may calculate the operation plan by acquiring a demand forecast value from the cloud server.

  It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect. The scope of the present invention is indicated not by the meaning described above but by the claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 electric power system 1A electric power system 10 distributed power supply control apparatus 10A distributed power supply control apparatus 11 demand forecasting part 12 operation state acquisition part 12A operation state acquisition part 13 operation plan calculation part 14 control part 15 storage device 16 data collection part 17 communication I / F unit 20 communication network 30 power equipment 40 internal combustion power generator 50 power storage device 60 solar power generator 70 load device 80 AC distribution line 90 power system

Claims (6)

A distributed power control apparatus for controlling a distributed power source included in a power facility, comprising:
A demand forecasting unit that computes a demand forecast value that is a forecast value of power demand in the power facility;
An operation state acquisition unit that acquires an operation state at a predetermined time of the distributed power source;
Based on the demand forecast value calculated by the demand forecasting unit and the operating condition acquired by the operating condition acquiring unit, the operating condition acquired by the operating condition acquiring unit is the start of the operation plan of the distributed power supply An operation plan calculation unit that calculates an operation plan after the predetermined time of the distributed power supply under the constraint that the time is maintained;
And a control unit configured to control the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit. The operation plan calculation unit calculates the operation plan at predetermined intervals,
The operating state acquiring unit acquires the operating state at the predetermined time of the distributed power supply based on the operation plan before update.
The distributed power supply control device according to claim 1, wherein the constraint condition includes a constraint condition that the operating state acquired based on the operation plan before update is maintained at the start of the operation plan after update. .   The operating state acquiring unit according to claim 1, wherein the operating state acquiring unit acquires the operating state at the predetermined time of the distributed power supply based on a control command issued to the distributed power supply at the predetermined time by the control unit. Distributed Power Control Unit. A distributed power control apparatus for controlling a distributed power source included in a power facility, comprising:
A demand forecasting unit that computes a demand forecast value that is a forecast value of power demand in the power facility;
An operation plan calculation unit that calculates an operation plan of the dispersed power source having a predetermined time particle size based on the demand forecast value calculated by the demand forecasting unit;
A control unit configured to control the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit;
The distributed power supply control device, wherein the control unit controls the distributed power supply at the start of the predetermined time granularity of the operation plan.
The distributed power supply control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the distributed power supply at the start of the predetermined time granularity of the operation plan. A distributed power control method for controlling a distributed power source included in a power facility, comprising:
Calculating a demand forecast value, which is a forecast value of the power demand in the power facility;
Acquiring an operating state at a predetermined time of the distributed power source;
Under the constraint that the operating state is maintained at the start of the operation plan of the distributed power source based on the demand forecast value and the operating state, the operation of the distributed power source after the predetermined time Calculating the plan,
Controlling the distributed power supply based on the operation plan. A computer program for causing a computer to function as a distributed power control device for controlling a distributed power source included in a power facility, the computer program comprising:
The computer,
A demand forecasting unit that computes a demand forecast value that is a forecast value of power demand in the power facility;
An operation state acquisition unit that acquires an operation state at a predetermined time of the distributed power source;
Based on the demand forecast value calculated by the demand forecasting unit and the operating condition acquired by the operating condition acquiring unit, the operating condition acquired by the operating condition acquiring unit is the start of the operation plan of the distributed power supply An operation plan calculation unit that calculates an operation plan after the predetermined time of the distributed power supply under the constraint that the time is maintained;
A computer program that functions as a control unit that controls the distributed power supply based on the operation plan calculated by the operation plan calculation unit.

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