JP2019070953A - Machining program processing device and multiple-spindle machine equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a machining program processing device capable of correcting a tool attitude without cutting a machined surface, improving the surface quality of the machined surface, and shortening a machining time even for a machining program which assumes a blade tip as a tool tip point, and a multiple-spindle machine equipped with the same.SOLUTION: A machining program processing device 1 that processes a machining program for controlling an operation of a multiple-spindle machine 11 having at least two linear shafts and at least one rotary shaft has: a correction reference point calculation unit 34 that calculates a correction reference point for enabling correction of a tool attitude with respect to a workpiece without changing a cut surface by a tool on the basis of the instruction position of a tool tip point and the instruction angle of the tool attitude instructed by the machining program and a tool size; and an instruction position rewriting unit 35 that rewrites the instruction position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing program processing device for processing a processing program for controlling the operation of a multi-axis processing machine, and a multi-axis processing machine provided with the processing program processing device.

  Conventionally, CAD (Computer-Aided Design: Computer Aided Design) function and CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) function in multi-axis processing machines such as 5-axis processing machines in which three linear axes and two rotational axes orthogonal to each other are simultaneously controlled. Computer-aided manufacturing) A machining program generated by a CAD / CAM device having a function is used. Then, as shown in FIG. 14, tool tip point control for controlling the tool tip point is performed according to the machining path (Px, Py, Pz) and the tool posture (α, β) instructed by the machining program. .

  However, depending on the performance of the CAD / CAM apparatus described above, there may be a blur in the tool posture instructed by the generated machining program. Then, when the workpiece is machined by a machining program in which such blurring exists, the machining surface may be scratched and the surface quality may be deteriorated, or the machining time may be accelerated because it is necessary to accelerate and decelerate each time the moving direction changes. There is a problem of doing it.

  As a solution to the above-mentioned problems, for example, in JP-A-2015-15006, in a numerical control device that controls a 5-axis processing machine by tool tip point control, the change of the tool direction (tool posture) is smooth Patent Document 1 discloses a numerical control device that corrects the tool direction vector so that

JP, 2015-15006, A

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the central position (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the tip center) at the tip of the tool is assumed as the command value of the tool tip point. Specifically, in the case of a processing program using a ball end mill, as shown in FIG. 15A, the central position of the spherical portion provided at the tip of the tool is taken as the command value of the tool tip point. Therefore, when assuming the tip center as the tool tip point, not only the length to the cutting edge of the tool but also the diameter of the tool must be measured, and the length to the center position of the tool must be calculated from these differences. There is a problem that it takes time and effort.

  For this reason, when generating a machining program, generally, a method of assuming a cutting edge position of a tool (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a tip cutting edge) as a command value of a tool tip point is preferred. However, in the machining program in which the tip of the cutting edge is assumed as the tool tip point, when the tool posture according to Patent Document 1 is corrected, the tool tip point is controlled by the corrected machining program as shown in FIG. Tool has a problem in that the machined surface of the workpiece is cut more than necessary to cause scratches. On the other hand, if the amount of correction of the tool posture is suppressed so as not to cause shaving, there is also a problem that the effect of the correction is diminished.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a tool orientation can be obtained without generating shavings on a processing surface even for a processing program that assumes a tip end as a tool tip point. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing program processing device capable of performing correction and improving surface quality of a processing surface and shortening processing time, and a multi-axis processing machine provided with the processing program processing device.

  The machining program processing apparatus according to the present invention can correct the tool posture without generating shaving to the machining surface even with respect to a machining program assuming the tip cutting edge as the tool tip point, and improve the surface quality of the machining surface What is claimed is: 1. A processing program processing apparatus for processing a processing program for controlling the operation of a multi-axis processing machine having at least two linear axes and at least one rotation axis, in order to solve the problem of shortening the processing time. A correction reference point capable of correcting the tool posture with respect to the work without changing the cutting surface by the tool based on the commanded position of the tool tip and the command angle of the tool posture commanded by the machining program and the dimensions of the tool A correction reference point calculation unit to calculate and a command position document that rewrites the command position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point And parts, the has.

Further, as one aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the problem of easily calculating the position of the correction reference point, the correction reference point calculation unit uses the following equation (1) to position the correction reference point. May be calculated.
P '= P + R (α ) R (β) (P 0' -P 0) ... formula (1)
However, each code represents the following.
P ': position of correction reference point P: command position of tool tip point (linear axis) R: rotation matrix defining tool attitude α: command angle of first rotation axis β: command angle of second rotation axis P ₀ '-P ₀ : Vector from the tool tip (edge) directed in a predetermined direction to the correction reference point

  Furthermore, as one aspect of the present invention, the processing program processing device controls the multi-axis processing machine according to the processing program to perform processing of a work, and the processing program usable in the multi-axis processing machine. It may be a computer aided manufacturing (CAM) device, or computer device, that generates and edits.

  Further, a multi-axis processing machine according to the present invention includes the processing program processing device according to any one of the above-described aspects.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to correct the tool posture without generating shaving on the processing surface even for a processing program in which the tip of the cutting edge is assumed as the tool tip point, and the surface quality of the processing surface is improved. Can be shortened.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows 1st Embodiment of the processing program processing apparatus which concerns on this invention, and a multi-axis processing machine provided with the same. It is a figure which shows an example of the processing program in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows 3 linear axes in 5 axis processing machines of a 1st embodiment, and 2 rotation axes. In the first embodiment, (a) a correction reference point of the ball end mill, and (b) a diagram showing a state of being inclined with reference to the correction reference point. In the first embodiment, (a) a correction reference point of the square end mill, and (b) a diagram showing a state of being inclined with respect to the correction reference point. In the first embodiment, (a) a correction reference point of the radius end mill, and (b) a diagram showing a state of being inclined with reference to the correction reference point. In the first embodiment, (a) a diagram showing the positional relationship between the command position P of the tool tip point and the position P ′ of the correction reference point, and (b) the tool tip when the Z-axis direction is the reference direction ₃ is a diagram showing a vector P ₀ ′ −P ₀ from S ₁ to the correction reference point. It is a flowchart which shows the process which preserve | saves a processing program in a block buffer in the 1st embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the process which corrects a processing program in the 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram showing a processing program processing device concerning the present invention, and a 2nd embodiment of a multi-axis processing machine provided with the same. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a method of calculating a correction reference point of the ball end mill in the first embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a method of calculating a correction reference point of the square end mill in the second embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a method of calculating a correction reference point of a radius end mill in a third embodiment. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the tool tip point control in 5 axis processing machine. It is a figure which shows the (a) tool tip point in a ball end mill, and the state which corrected the tool posture on the basis of the (b) tip blade edge.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a processing program processing device 1 according to the present invention and a multi-axis processing machine 11 provided with the processing program processing device 1 will be described using the drawings. The processing program processing device 1 according to the present invention is a concept including all devices capable of processing a processing program for controlling the operation of the multi-axis processing machine 11. Moreover, the multi-axis processing machine 11 according to the present invention is a concept including all machine tools having at least two linear axes (for example, X and Z axes) and at least one rotation axis (for example, B axis). .

  First, as a first embodiment of a processing program processing device 1 according to the present invention and a multi-axis processing machine 11 including the same, a numerical control device 1A and a 5-axis processing machine 11A including the numerical control device 1A will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the numerical control device 1A according to the first embodiment outputs various command signals to the 5-axis processing machine 11A based on the processing program stored in the external storage device 10. It is for controlling the shaft processing machine 11A and performing various processing on a work. Each component will be described in detail below. The numerical control apparatus 1A according to the present invention is a concept including all apparatuses capable of executing numerical control processing such as so-called computerized numerical control (CNC: Computerized Numerical Control).

  The external storage device 10 is configured of a personal computer or the like on which a general operating system is installed. In the first embodiment, the external storage device 10 includes a card slot (not shown) for inserting a memory card such as a CF card, and a processing program is stored in the memory card. Then, the external storage device 10 reads out the processing program from the memory card and supplies the processing program to the numerical control device 1A communicably connected by the LAN cable.

  The machining program is created by a CAD / CAM device or the like having both a CAD function and a CAM function, and includes program commands for controlling the tool tip point of the 5-axis machining machine 11A. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the machining program is constituted by a plurality of blocks, and each block is a G code for instructing correction of the tool length (corresponding to activation of the tool tip control). (G43.3), a G code (G49) for commanding a command position of the tool tip and a command angle of the tool posture, and cancellation of tool length correction (corresponding to termination of tool tip control) are described. In the first embodiment, the commanded position of the tool tip is designated by the position coordinates (xn, yn, zn) of the tool tip in the workpiece coordinate system, and the command angle of the tool posture is the rotation axis (B axis , C axis) is specified by the movement angle (b n, c n).

  The 5-axis processing machine 11A is a machine tool for performing various kinds of processing such as turning, boring, milling, drilling, tapping and the like on a work such as metal, wood, stone or resin. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the 5-axis processing machine 11A comprises: three orthogonal linear axes (X, Y, Z) and two rotational axes (B, C) Have. Then, these five axes are simultaneously controlled based on the command signal output from the command signal interpolation unit 37 described later, thereby moving the tool tip point and the tool posture, and performing various processing processes. ing. In the first embodiment, the three linear axes are formed by the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis, and the two rotational axes are formed by the B axis and the C axis. However, the present invention is limited to these configurations. The names of the respective axes differ depending on the machine configuration of the multi-axis processing machine 11.

  In the first embodiment, the 5-axis processing machine 11A rotates the tool head on one rotation axis 1 axis (B axis) and rotates the table on the other rotation axis (C axis). Although assumed, it is not limited to this composition. That is, the present invention is applicable even to a tool rotary head type in which two rotation axes are provided on the tool head side or a table rotation type in which the table is rotated by two rotation axes. In the first embodiment, the 5-axis processing machine 11A is assumed to be a 5-axis control machining center including the numerical control device 1A, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the 5-axis processing machine 11A And the numerical control device 1A may be configured separately.

  The numerical control apparatus 1A is configured by a computer or the like, and controls the 5-axis processing machine 11A according to a processing program to process a workpiece. As shown in FIG. 1, the numerical control device 1A mainly stores various data and is installed in the storage means 2 functioning as a working area when the arithmetic processing means 3 performs arithmetic processing, and in the storage means 2 By executing the numerical control device program 1a, there is provided an arithmetic processing means 3 for executing various arithmetic processing. Each constituent means will be described below.

  The storage unit 2 is configured by a hard disk, a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, etc., and has a program storage unit 21 and a block buffer 22 as shown in FIG. ing.

  The program storage unit 21 includes a real time operating system (RTOS) and a numerical control device program 1a for controlling the numerical control device 1A according to the first embodiment. Then, the arithmetic processing means 3 causes the computer to function as each component to be described later by executing the numerical control device program 1a.

  The application form of the numerical control device program 1a is not limited to the above configuration. For example, the numerical control apparatus program 1a may be stored in a non-transitory recording medium readable by a computer, such as a CD-ROM or USB memory, and read directly from the recording medium and executed. Also, it may be used from an external server or the like by a cloud computing method or an ASP (Application Service Provider) method.

  The block buffer 22 is for storing a plurality of blocks constituting a processing program. In the first embodiment, the block buffer 22 sequentially stores various blocks analyzed by the processing program analysis unit 32 described later. Then, each block is sequentially processed in the order stored in the block buffer 22 in accordance with the FIFO (first in first out) method, and when the remaining memory capacity is exhausted, the processed blocks are sequentially overwritten.

  Next, the arithmetic processing means 3 is constituted by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like, and by executing the numerical control device program 1a installed in the storage means 2, as shown in FIG. Functions as an acquisition unit 31, a processing program analysis unit 32, a tool tip point determination unit 33, a correction reference point calculation unit 34, a command position rewriting unit 35, a processing program correction unit 36, and a command signal interpolation unit 37 It is supposed to be. Each component will be described in more detail below.

  The processing program acquisition unit 31 acquires a processing program from the external storage device 10 in response to a request from the processing program analysis unit 32. In the first embodiment, although the numerical control device 1A is communicably connected to the external storage device 10 by the LAN cable, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and wireless such as Bluetooth (registered trademark) may be used. It may be configured to be capable of wireless communication via a communication interface, and may be configured to be capable of communicating via a network by a communication protocol such as TCP / IP. Furthermore, data may be moved using a recording medium such as a USB memory.

  The processing program analysis unit 32 is for analyzing a processing program. In the first embodiment, the processing program analysis unit 32 reads the processing program acquired by the processing program acquisition unit 31 block by block, analyzes the described operation instruction, and sends the block as the analysis result to the block buffer 22. It is designed to be stored sequentially.

  The tool tip point determination unit 33 determines the tool tip point assumed by the command value of the machining program. As described above, in tool tip control, there are cases where it is assumed that the tip center is a tool tip point, and cases where it is assumed that a tip of the tip is a tool tip point. For this reason, the tool tip determination unit 33 refers to the processing program in the block buffer 22 and various parameters set in the numerical control device 1A, and determines whether or not the tip is assumed as the tool tip. It is designed to judge.

  Specifically, when referring to the machining program, as shown in FIG. 2, the tool tip determination unit 33 specifies a tool type in a tool tip control start command (G43.3 Hn) (see FIG. 2). P) When the code (D) for specifying the blade radius (d) and the code (R) for specifying the ball radius or corner radius (r) of the tool are added, as the tool tip point It is determined that the tip of the tip is assumed.

  When referring to parameters, the tool tip determination unit 33 determines the type of tool and the dimensions of the tool when the tool tip control becomes effective according to the start command (G43.3 Hn) of the tool tip control described above. Refers to the set parameter. Then, the tool tip determination unit 33 specifies the position designated by the command value based on the parameter, and determines whether or not the tip of the tip is assumed as the tool tip.

  The correction reference point calculation unit 34 calculates a correction reference point that can correct the tool posture with respect to the workpiece without changing the cutting surface by the tool. As a tool having the correction reference point, as shown in FIG. 4A, there are a ball end mill having a spherical tip and a tapered ball end mill having a tapered shape. In these tools, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the cutting surface does not change even if the tool posture with respect to the workpiece is inclined with reference to the center position of the spherical portion. It becomes.

  Moreover, as a tool which has a correction | amendment reference point, as shown to Fig.5 (a), there exist a square end mill which has a square-shaped corner part, and a taper square end mill which added the taper shape to it. In these tools, as shown in FIG. 5B, the cutting surface does not change even if the tool posture with respect to the workpiece is inclined with respect to the corner, and the corner becomes a correction reference point.

  Furthermore, as a tool having a correction reference point, as shown in FIG. 6A, there are a radius end mill having rounded corners and a taper radius end mill having a tapered shape. In these tools, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the cutting surface does not change even if the tool posture with respect to the workpiece is inclined with reference to the center position of the roundness, so the center position of the roundness becomes the correction reference point .

In any of the above-described tools, as shown in FIG. 7A, the vector from the point P to the correction reference point P ′ is added to the position coordinates of the point P which is the commanded position of the tool tip point. Position coordinates of the correction reference point P ′ are calculated. Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the vector from the point P to the point P ′ is a vector from the tip (cutting edge) P _{0 of} the tool directed in a predetermined direction to the correction reference point P ₀ ′ P ₀ 'is -P _0, is identified as a vector is rotated by a command angle specified by the machining program around any axis of rotation.

The vector P ₀ ′ −P ₀ from the tip (edge) of the tool directed in a predetermined direction to the correction reference point is specified using the dimensions of the tool. Specifically, in the case of a ball end mill, the radius of the spherical portion (ball radius: r), and in the case of a square end mill, the distance from the center to the end of the blade (radius of the blade: d) In the case of an end mill, it is the radius of the blade (d) and the radius of the corner rounding (corner radius: r). That is, the vector _{P 0} '-P ₀ is different depending on the kind of the tool, discussed in Examples 1 to 3 described below.

From the above, the correction reference point calculation unit 34 calculates the command position of the tool tip and the command angle of the tool posture commanded by the processing program, and the dimensions of the tool for each of the blocks where the tip is assumed as the tool tip. The correction reference point is calculated based on Specifically, the correction reference point calculation unit 34 calculates the position of the correction reference point using the following equation (1).
P '= P + R (α ) R (β) (P 0' -P 0) ... formula (1)
However, each code represents the following.
P ': position of correction reference point P: command position of tool tip point (linear axis) R: rotation matrix defining tool attitude α: command angle of first rotation axis β: command angle of second rotation axis P ₀ '-P ₀ : Vector from the tool tip (edge) directed in a predetermined direction to the correction reference point

ただし、各符号は以下を表す。
Ｒ：任意の単位ベクトルを任意の回転軸周りに任意の回転角度で回転させる回転行列
θ：任意の回転軸の指令角度
ｎ_ｘ：任意の単位ベクトルのｘ成分
ｎ_ｙ：任意の単位ベクトルのｙ成分
ｎ_ｚ：任意の単位ベクトルのｚ成分 Of the parameters in the above equation (1), the rotation matrix R defining the tool attitude is a rotation matrix determined by the rotation angle and the rotation center axis, and any unit vector (n _x , n _y , n The rotation matrix around _z ) is expressed by the following equation (2).

However, each code represents the following.
R: A rotation matrix for rotating an arbitrary unit vector about an arbitrary rotation axis at an arbitrary rotation angle θ: commanded angle of an arbitrary rotation axis n _x : x component of an arbitrary unit vector n _y : _{y of an} arbitrary unit vector Component n _z : z component of an arbitrary unit vector

  Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, a 5-axis processing machine 11A having a mixed-type (tool side B axis, table side C axis, reference direction Z axis) machine configuration is assumed. In this case, R (α) is the rotation matrix around Z axis, R (β) is the rotation matrix around Y axis, α is the command position of C axis of machining program, and β is the command position of B axis of machining program .

  Furthermore, various parameters used in the above equation (1) are determined by the relative positional relationship between the work and the tool. For this reason, there may be various situations depending on the device configuration of the multi-axis processing machine 11, the orientation of the reference direction of the tool axis (spindle), the type of tool, etc. The above equation (1) is applicable to the situation.

  The commanded position rewriting unit 35 rewrites the commanded position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point. In the first embodiment, the command position rewriting unit 35 automatically sets the command position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point for each block of the block buffer 22 for which the correction reference point is calculated. rewrite. As a result, when correcting the tool posture, the correction reference point is a reference, so the cutting surface by the tool does not change, and the cutting of the work surface does not occur.

  In the first embodiment, when the commanded position rewriting unit 35 rewrites the commanded position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point, the parameter setting of the five-axis coordinate conversion commanded in each block is appropriately changed. It is supposed to be. For example, in the case of using a ball end mill, the tool length commanded in each block is set short by the distance between the commanded position of the tool tip point and the position of the correction reference point. As a result, only the point controlled by the 5-axis processing machine 11A is offset inward without changing the position of the point where the workpiece is actually processed.

  The machining program correction unit 36 corrects the commanded position of the tool tip point in each block and / or the commanded angle of the tool attitude. In the first embodiment, the processing program correction unit 36 corrects the command position and the command angle with respect to a new command position at the correction reference point rewritten by the command position rewriting unit 35. In addition, when not being rewritten by the command position rewriting unit 35, the processing program correction unit 36 corrects the command position and the command angle with respect to the original command position. In addition, as a specific correction method, various corrections such as correction of a tool posture according to Patent Document 1 described above or Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-94687 by the present inventors can be applied.

  In the first embodiment, the machining program correction unit 36 is configured to sequentially correct one block at a time. However, depending on the correction method to be applied, correction may be performed using a plurality of blocks before and after the block to be corrected. In this case, the block rewritten by the command position rewriting unit 35 may be temporarily stored in the block buffer 22, and a plurality of necessary blocks may be read from the block buffer 22.

  Further, the machining program correction unit 36 may correct only one of the command position of the tool tip point and the command angle of the tool posture, or may correct both of them. Further, when there are a plurality of rotation axes, the command angles of any one or two or more rotation axes may be corrected, or the command angles of all the rotation axes may be corrected.

  The command signal interpolation unit 37 interpolates the command signal to the 5-axis processing machine 11A, and executes the command signal. In the first embodiment, the command signal interpolation unit 37 sequentially reads out the blocks after correction stored in the block buffer 22 and executes an interpolation operation for obtaining the command position of each axis. Then, the movement command amount of each axis is output to each of the X-axis servo amplifier, Y-axis servo amplifier, Z-axis servo amplifier, B-axis servo amplifier and C-axis servo amplifier, and 5-axis processing according to the block It is designed to be executed by machine 11A.

  Next, the operation of the numerical control device 1A of the first embodiment and the 5-axis processing machine 11A including the same will be described.

  First, when the 5-axis processing machine 11A is controlled by the numerical control device 1A of the first embodiment to process a workpiece, as shown in FIG. 8, the processing program acquisition unit 31 acquires the processing program from the external storage device 10. Acquire (step S1). By storing the processing program in the external storage device 10, it is possible to process a processing program having a large file size without adding a memory on the numerical control device 1A side.

  Next, the processing program analysis unit 32 analyzes the processing program acquired by the processing program acquisition unit 31 (step S2), and blocks as analysis results are sequentially stored in the block buffer 22 (step S3). As a result, each block including the command position of the tool tip (three linear axes) and the command angle of the tool posture (two rotational axes) is stored in the block buffer 22.

  The processes in steps S1 to S3 described above are repeated until all blocks constituting the machining program are acquired (step S4), and the process ends. Further, simultaneously with these processes, the correction process of the machining program shown in FIG. 9 is executed. Then, after the corrected block is sequentially interpolated by the command signal interpolation unit 37 into a command signal, the command signal is output to the 5-axis processing machine 11A and executed.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, when the parameter n is initialized to 1 (step S11), the nth block is obtained from the block buffer 22 (step S12). Then, for the n-th block, the tool tip determination unit 33 determines whether or not the command value of the tool tip assumes the tip of the tip (step S13). As a result of the determination, if the command value assumes the center of the tip (step S13: NO), no cutting occurs due to the correction of the tool posture even if the command position is not rewritten. Go to).

  On the other hand, as a result of the determination in step S13, when the command value assumes the tip cutting edge (step S13: YES), the correction reference point calculation unit 34 determines the command position of the tool tip point and the command angle of the tool attitude, and the tool The correction reference point is calculated on the basis of the dimensions of (step S14). As a result, regardless of the type of tool to be used, a correction reference point capable of correcting the tool posture with respect to the workpiece without changing the cutting surface by the tool is calculated.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the correction reference point calculation unit 34 uses the above equation (1) when calculating the correction reference point. As a result, by merely substituting various parameters according to the apparatus configuration of the 5-axis processing machine 11A, the direction of the reference direction of the tool axis (spindle), and the type of tool into the above equation (1), The position is easily calculated.

  Subsequently, the command position rewriting unit 35 rewrites the command position of the tool tip point to the command position of the correction reference point calculated in step S14 (step S15). As a result, even if the processing program assumes that the command value is the tip cutting edge, it is automatically rewritten to a processing program that is not adversely affected by the correction of the tool posture.

  Next, the machining program correction unit 36 corrects the commanded position of the tool tip point and / or the commanded angle of the tool attitude (step S16). At this time, all the command values for which the tip of the tip was assumed are rewritten as correction reference points. For this reason, since the tool posture is corrected based on the correction reference point, the cutting surface by the tool does not change, and the occurrence of shaving on the processing surface of the workpiece is prevented.

  Further, by correcting the processing program, the deviation of the tool posture is eliminated and the surface quality of the processing surface is improved, and the moving direction on the processing path is well aligned, so that the processing time is shortened. Furthermore, since the cutting surface by the tool does not change even if the correction amount of the command angle is increased, the limitation of the correction amount can be relaxed within the range in which the cutting surface of the tool does not change.

  Subsequently, the parameter n is incremented (step S17), and it is determined whether the parameter n exceeds the total number of blocks (step S18). As a result of the determination, if the total number of blocks is not exceeded (step S18: NO), the process returns to step S12 again, and the above-described processes from step S12 to step S17 are repeated. On the other hand, if the parameter n exceeds the total number of blocks (step S18: YES), this process ends. In the first embodiment, although processing is performed block by block, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and correction may be performed using a plurality of blocks.

  The instruction signal interpolation unit 37 sequentially reads out and interpolates the blocks in the block buffer 22 and outputs an instruction signal to the 5-axis processing machine 11A in parallel with the execution of each of the above-described processes. This makes it possible for the command signal interpolation unit 37 to sequentially output command signals based on the blocks after correction, while sequentially pre-reading and correcting the blocks before correction.

According to the first embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
1. The tool posture can be corrected without generating shavings on the processing surface even for a processing program that assumes the tip end as a tool tip point, and the surface quality of the processing surface can be improved and the processing time can be shortened. .
2. The limitation of the correction amount of the processing program can be relaxed, and the effect of the correction can be enjoyed to the maximum.
3. Even if a processing program that assumes the tip end as the tool tip is generated, the correction reference point is automatically calculated and rewritten, so that the tip can be easily selected according to the user's preference.
4. Even with tools having different shapes, the position of the correction reference point can be easily calculated.

  Next, as a second embodiment of a processing program processing device 1 according to the present invention and a multi-axis processing machine 11 provided with the same, a computer-aided manufacturing device (hereinafter referred to as "CAM device") 1B and 5 axes provided with this The processing machine 11A will be described. In the configuration of the second embodiment, the same or corresponding components as or to those of the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

  The feature of the second embodiment is that the above-described tool tip point determination unit 33, correction reference point calculation unit 34, and command position rewriting are performed on the CAM device 1B that generates and edits a processing program that can be used by the multi-axis processing machine 11. The point is that the part 35 is implemented.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the CAM device 1B of the second embodiment can be used in the 5-axis processing machine 11A based on CAD data generated by a computer aided design device (hereinafter referred to as "CAD device 12"). To generate and edit various processing programs. Each component will be described below.

  The CAD device 12 is configured by a personal computer or the like equipped with a general operating system. In the second embodiment, the CAD device 12 generates CAD data that defines a three-dimensional shape of a workpiece to be machined by using display means and input means (not shown).

  The CAM device 1B is configured by a computer or the like equipped with a general operating system. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the CAM device 1B mainly stores various data, and the storage unit 2 which functions as a working area when the arithmetic processing unit 3 performs arithmetic processing, The CAM program 1 b installed in the storage unit 2 is executed to have operation processing unit 3 that executes various types of arithmetic processing. Each constituent means will be described below.

  In the second embodiment, the CAM device 1B is configured separately from the CAD device 12, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. That is, it may be configured as a CAM device 1 B having a CAD data generation function by the CAD device 12. Further, in the second embodiment, the CAM device 1B is connected to the 5-axis processing machine 11A so that the processing program can be transferred. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and may be stand alone.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the storage unit 2 includes a program storage unit 21 and a processing program storage unit 23. In the program storage unit 21, a CAM program 1b for controlling the CAM device 1B of the second embodiment is installed. Then, the arithmetic processing means 3 causes the computer to function as each component described later by executing the CAM program 1b.

  The processing program storage unit 23 stores the processing program generated and edited by the CAM device 1B. In the second embodiment, the processing program storage unit 23 is corrected by a processing program generated by a processing program generation unit 39 described later, a processing program edited by a processing program editing unit (not shown), and a processing program correction unit 36. It is designed to store the processing program after the

  Next, the arithmetic processing unit 3 executes the CAM program 1b installed in the storage unit 2 to generate a tool path data generation unit 38, a processing program generation unit 39, and a tool tip as shown in FIG. It functions as a point determination unit 33, a correction reference point calculation unit 34, a command position rewriting unit 35, a processing program correction unit 36, and a processing program transfer unit 40. Each component will be described below.

  The tool path data generation unit 38 is constituted by a main processor, and generates tool path data (CL data) from CAD data. In the second embodiment, the tool path data generation unit 38 acquires CAD data of the workpiece generated by the CAD device 12 and acquires path generation information (tool shape, tool attitude with respect to surface, feed pitch, etc.) Do. Then, the tool path data generation unit 38 calculates the tool center point of each tool movement position in the work coordinate system from the CAD data and the path generation information, and calculates the tool axis vector representing the direction of the tool axis (spindle) It is supposed to be.

  Further, in the 5-axis processing machine 11A, since the tool can take any posture with respect to the workpiece, interference between the spindle side (spindle, tool, chuck etc.) and the table side (table, jig, workpiece etc.) Is a problem. Therefore, the tool path data generation unit 38 confirms the presence or absence of the interference, and when there is interference, changes the tool posture or the like so as to avoid the interference. As described above, tool path data (CL data) in the workpiece coordinate system is generated.

  The machining program generation unit 39 is configured by a post processor, and generates a machining program from tool path data. In the second embodiment, the machining program generation unit 39 acquires tool path data generated by the tool path data generation unit 38 and acquires machine tool data preset for each machine tool. Then, based on the tool path data and the machine tool data, the processing program generation unit 39 calculates the rotation angle of the rotation axis from the tool axis vector constituting the tool path data.

  Subsequently, based on the rotation angle and the tool tip point in the workpiece coordinate system, the processing program generation unit 39 calculates the tool tip point in the absolute coordinate system after the rotation axis is rotated. Then, the processing program generation unit 39 divides the tool path into several parts and performs linearization processing to suppress the positional deviation to an allowable value or less, and then performs feed speed control processing based on processing condition data set in advance. The spindle rotational speed control process is sequentially executed. As described above, a machining program (NC data) usable by the multi-axis machining device 11 is generated, and a plurality of blocks constituting the machining program are stored in the machining program storage unit 23.

  The tool tip point determination unit 33 determines the tool tip point assumed by the command value of the machining program, as in the first embodiment described above. In the second embodiment, the tool tip determination unit 33 refers to the processing program stored in the processing program storage unit 23 and determines whether or not the tip is assumed as the tool tip. ing.

  The correction reference point calculation unit 34 calculates a correction reference point that can correct the tool posture with respect to the workpiece without changing the cutting surface by the tool, as in the first embodiment described above. In the second embodiment, the correction reference point calculation unit 34 is configured to calculate the correction reference point for each of the blocks in which the cutting edge is assumed as the tool tip point.

  The commanded position rewriting unit 35 rewrites the commanded position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point, as in the first embodiment described above. In the second embodiment, the command position rewriting unit 35 rewrites the command position of the block to the position of the correction reference point for each of the blocks for which the correction reference point has been calculated.

  The processing program correction unit 36 corrects the command position and / or the command angle in each block, as in the first embodiment described above. In the second embodiment, the machining program correction unit 36 performs various corrections on the command position and / or command angle in each block.

  In the second embodiment, after the end of the correction process, the command position and the command angle before the correction are overwritten by the command position and the command angle after the correction. And about the block rewritten to the correction | amendment reference point, based on the command position after correction | amendment, it is converted into the command position of a tool front-end | tip point (tip tip) again.

  The processing program transfer unit 40 transfers the processing program generated, edited or corrected by the CAM device 1 B to the multi-axis processing machine 11. In the second embodiment, the processing program transfer unit 40 transfers the processing program in which the command position and the command angle of each block have been corrected by the processing program correction unit 36 by wired communication means or wireless communication means (not shown). It has become. As described above, when using the CAM device 1B in a stand-alone manner, there is no need to cause the processing program transfer unit 40 to function.

  According to the CAM device 1B of the second embodiment and the five-axis processing machine 11A having the same as described above, the block determined to have the tip of the tip by the tool tip point determination unit 33 The correction reference point is calculated by the correction reference point calculation unit 34, and the command value of the tool tip point is rewritten by the command position rewriting unit 35 to the position of the correction reference point. Therefore, the same effects as those of the first embodiment described above can be obtained, and the tool tip determination function, the correction reference point calculation function, and the command position rewriting function according to the present invention can be implemented in the CAM device 1B.

  The processing program processing device 1 according to the present invention is implemented by an independent computer device such as a personal computer or a tablet besides the numerical control device 1A of the first embodiment and the CAM device 1B of the second embodiment. can do. In this case, the tool tip determination unit 33, the correction reference point calculation unit 34, the command position rewriting unit 35, the processing program correction unit 36, and the processing program transfer unit 40 are mounted on the computer device.

  Below, the concrete Example of the processing program processing apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention, and the multi-axis processing machine 11 provided with this is described. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the features shown by the following embodiments.

  In each of the following embodiments, a mixed-type 5-axis processing machine 11A as shown in FIG. 2 is assumed as the multi-axis processing machine 11. Then, the general calculation formula (1) of the correction reference point described above was studied to be embodied for each tool having a different shape of the cutting edge.

In the first embodiment, a calculation formula for calculating the position of the correction reference point was examined for the ball end mill and the tapered ball end mill described above. In the case of a ball end mill, the vector P ₀ '-P ₀ (the vector from the tip edge P _{0 of the} tool tip directed to the Z axis to the correction reference point P ₀ ') in the above equation (1) In the case of r, as shown in FIG. 11, it is represented by (0, 0, r).

ただし、各符号は以下を表す。
Ｐ’ｘ：補正基準点のＸ座標
Ｐ’ｙ：補正基準点のＹ座標
Ｐ’ｚ：補正基準点のＺ座標
Ｐｘ：工具先端点のＸ座標
Ｐｙ：工具先端点のＹ座標
Ｐｚ：工具先端点のＺ座標
Ｐｂ：Ｂ軸の指令角度
Ｐｃ：Ｃ軸の指令角度
ｒ：ボール半径 Therefore, the multi-axis processing machine 11 is a 5-axis processing machine 11A having three linear axes (X axis, Y axis, Z axis) and two rotation axes (B axis, C axis) orthogonal to each other. In the case of a ball end mill or a tapered ball end mill in which is oriented in the Z-axis direction, the general formula (1) described above is represented by the following formula (3) using the above formula (2).

However, each code represents the following.
P'x: X coordinate of correction reference point P'y: Y coordinate of correction reference point P'z: Z coordinate of correction reference point Px: X coordinate of tool tip point Py: Y coordinate of tool tip point Pz: tool tip Point Z coordinate Pb: command angle of B axis Pc: command angle of C axis r: ball radius

  According to the first embodiment as described above, the position of the correction reference point can be easily calculated by using the above equation (3) in the 5-axis processing machine 11A equipped with the ball end mill or the tapered ball end mill. It was shown.

In the second embodiment, a calculation formula for calculating the position of the correction reference point was examined for the above-described square end mill and tapered square end mill. In the case of a square end mill, the vector P ₀ '-P ₀ (the vector from the tip edge P _{0 of the} tool pointed to the Z axis to the correction reference point P ₀ ') in the above equation (1) In this case, as shown in FIG. 12, it is represented by (d, 0, 0).

ただし、各符号は以下を表す。
Ｐ’ｘ：補正基準点のＸ座標
Ｐ’ｙ：補正基準点のＹ座標
Ｐ’ｚ：補正基準点のＺ座標
Ｐｘ：工具先端点のＸ座標
Ｐｙ：工具先端点のＹ座標
Ｐｚ：工具先端点のＺ座標
Ｐｂ：Ｂ軸の指令角度
Ｐｃ：Ｃ軸の指令角度
ｄ：刃部の半径 Therefore, the multi-axis processing machine 11 is a 5-axis processing machine 11A having three linear axes (X axis, Y axis, Z axis) and two rotation axes (B axis, C axis) orthogonal to each other. When Z is a square end mill or a tapered square end mill in the Z-axis direction, the general formula (1) described above is represented by the following formula (4) using the above formula (2).

However, each code represents the following.
P'x: X coordinate of correction reference point P'y: Y coordinate of correction reference point P'z: Z coordinate of correction reference point Px: X coordinate of tool tip point Py: Y coordinate of tool tip point Pz: tool tip Point Z coordinate Pb: command angle of B axis Pc: command angle of C axis d: radius of blade

  According to the second embodiment as described above, the position of the correction reference point can be easily calculated by using the above equation (4) in the 5-axis processing machine 11A equipped with the square end mill or the tapered square end mill. It was shown.

In the third embodiment, a calculation formula for calculating the position of the correction reference point was examined for the radius end mill and the tapered radius end mill described above. In the case of a radius end mill, the vector P ₀ '-P ₀ (the vector from the tip edge P _{0 of the} tool pointed to the Z axis to the correction reference point P ₀ ') in the above equation (1) Assuming that the corner radius of the roundness is r, as shown in FIG. 13, it is represented by (d−r, 0, r).

だだし、各符号は以下を表す。
Ｐ’ｘ：補正基準点のＸ座標
Ｐ’ｙ：補正基準点のＹ座標
Ｐ’ｚ：補正基準点のＺ座標
Ｐｘ：工具先端点のＸ座標
Ｐｙ：工具先端点のＹ座標
Ｐｚ：工具先端点のＺ座標
Ｐｂ：Ｙ軸の指令角度
Ｐｃ：Ｚ軸の指令角度
ｄ：刃部の半径
ｒ：コーナ半径 Therefore, the multi-axis processing machine 11 is a 5-axis processing machine 11A having three linear axes (X axis, Y axis, Z axis) and two rotation axes (B axis, C axis) orthogonal to each other. In the case of a radius end mill or a tapered radius end mill in which Z is oriented in the Z-axis direction, the general formula (1) described above is represented by the following formula (5) using the above formula (2).

However, each code represents the following.
P'x: X coordinate of correction reference point P'y: Y coordinate of correction reference point P'z: Z coordinate of correction reference point Px: X coordinate of tool tip point Py: Y coordinate of tool tip point Pz: tool tip Point Z coordinate Pb: command angle of Y axis Pc: command angle of Z axis d: radius of blade r: corner radius

  According to Example 3 as described above, in the 5-axis processing machine 11A equipped with a radius end mill or a tapered radius end mill, the position of the correction reference point can be easily calculated by using the above equation (5). It was shown.

  In addition, the processing program processing apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention, and the multi-axis processing machine 11 provided with this are not limited to each embodiment mentioned above, It can change suitably. For example, in each embodiment mentioned above, although a ball end mill, a taper ball end mill, a square end mill, a taper square end mill, a radius end mill, and a taper radius end mill are illustrated as a tool, it is not limited to these. The present invention is applicable to all tools having a blade portion for uniquely identifying a correction reference point at which the cutting surface by the tool does not change even when tilting.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 machining program processing device 1A numerical control device 1a program for numerical control device 1B computer aided manufacturing (CAM) device 1b program for CAM 2 storage means 3 arithmetic processing means 10 external storage device 11 multi-axis processing machine 11A 5-axis processing machine 12 computer Assisted design (CAD) device 21 program storage unit 22 block buffer 23 machining program storage unit 31 machining program acquisition unit 32 machining program analysis unit 33 tool tip point judgment unit 34 correction reference point calculation unit 35 command position rewriting unit 36 machining program correction unit 37 command signal interpolation unit 38 tool path data generation unit 39 machining program generation unit 40 machining program transfer unit

Claims (4)

A processing program processing apparatus for processing a processing program for controlling the operation of a multi-axis processing machine having at least two linear axes and at least one rotation axis, comprising:
A correction reference point capable of correcting the tool posture with respect to the work without changing the cutting surface by the tool based on the commanded position of the tool tip and the command angle of the tool posture commanded by the machining program and the dimensions of the tool A correction reference point calculation unit to calculate
A command position rewriting unit that rewrites the command position of the tool tip point to the position of the correction reference point;
A processing program processing device. The processing program processing device according to claim 1, wherein the correction reference point calculation unit calculates the position of the correction reference point using the following equation (1):
P '= P + R (α ) R (β) (P 0' -P 0) ... formula (1)
However, each code represents the following.
P ': position of correction reference point P: command position of tool tip point (linear axis) R: rotation matrix defining tool attitude α: command angle of first rotation axis β: command angle of second rotation axis P ₀ '-P ₀ : Vector from the tool tip (edge) directed in a predetermined direction to the correction reference point   The processing program processing device is a numerical control device that controls the multi-axis processing machine according to the processing program to process a workpiece, and computer-aided manufacturing that generates and edits the processing program that can be used by the multi-axis processing machine The processing program processing device according to claim 1 or 2, which is a CAM) device or a computer device.   A multi-axis processing machine comprising the processing program processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images