JP2019062446A - Ultrasonic sensor - Google Patents

Ultrasonic sensor Download PDF

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JP2019062446A
JP2019062446A JP2017186556A JP2017186556A JP2019062446A JP 2019062446 A JP2019062446 A JP 2019062446A JP 2017186556 A JP2017186556 A JP 2017186556A JP 2017186556 A JP2017186556 A JP 2017186556A JP 2019062446 A JP2019062446 A JP 2019062446A
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ultrasonic sensor
case
weight member
cylindrical
cylindrical portion
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JP6885839B2 (en
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長岡 聡史
Satoshi Nagaoka
聡史 長岡
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Kyocera Corp
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Abstract

To provide an ultrasonic sensor that has improved reverberation characteristics.SOLUTION: An ultrasonic sensor of the present disclosure comprises: a bottomed cylindrical case 1 that has a cylindrical part 11 and a bottom part 12; and a piezoelectric element 2 that is attached to the bottom part 12. A weight member 3 having a density higher than that of the case 1 is connected to one end of the cylindrical part 11 of the case 1. According to such the ultrasonic sensor having a configuration in which the weight member 3 is connected to one end of the cylindrical part 11 of the case 1, reverberation characteristics can be improved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本開示は、超音波センサーに関するものである。   The present disclosure relates to an ultrasonic sensor.

駐車補助のコーナーソナー、バックソナー等の近距離用センサーとして超音波センサーが使用されている。このような超音波センサーとして、筒状部および底部を有する有底筒状のケースと、底部に取り付けられた圧電素子とを備えたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1および特許文献2を参照)。   An ultrasonic sensor is used as a short distance sensor such as a parking assist corner sonar or back sonar. As such an ultrasonic sensor, one having a bottomed cylindrical case having a cylindrical portion and a bottom portion and a piezoelectric element attached to the bottom portion is known (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2) See).

国際公開2013/051525号International Publication 2013/051525 特開2011−250328号公報JP 2011-250328 A

自動運転技術の進化に伴って、超音波センサーの長距離対応が要求されている。   With the evolution of automatic driving technology, long distance response of ultrasonic sensors is required.

ここで、超音波センサーを長距離対応化するには音圧を上げる必要があるが、音圧を上げると残響時間が長くなってセンサーとしての近距離測距性能の低下が懸念されることから、この残響特性をより向上させる必要がある。   Here, it is necessary to raise the sound pressure to make the ultrasonic sensor correspond to a long distance, but if the sound pressure is increased, the reverberation time becomes longer and there is a concern that the near distance measurement performance as the sensor may be deteriorated. There is a need to further improve this reverberation characteristic.

本開示は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、残響特性を向上させた超音波センサーを提供することを目的とする。   The present disclosure has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an ultrasonic sensor having improved reverberation characteristics.

本開示の超音波センサーは、筒状部および底部を有する有底筒状のケースと、前記底部に取り付けられた圧電素子とを備え、前記ケースの前記筒状部の一端に、前記ケースよりも密度の高い錘部材が接続されていることを特徴とする。   The ultrasonic sensor of the present disclosure includes a bottomed cylindrical case having a cylindrical portion and a bottom portion, and a piezoelectric element attached to the bottom portion, and one end of the cylindrical portion of the case is more than the case. It is characterized in that a high density weight member is connected.

本開示の超音波センサーによれば、残響特性を向上させることができる。   According to the ultrasonic sensor of the present disclosure, reverberation characteristics can be improved.

超音波センサーの実施形態の例を示す概略斜視図である。1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of an ultrasonic sensor. 図1に示す超音波センサーの縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG. 超音波センサーの実施形態の他の例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of embodiment of an ultrasonic sensor. 超音波センサーの実施形態の他の例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of embodiment of an ultrasonic sensor. 超音波センサーの実施形態の他の例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of embodiment of an ultrasonic sensor. 超音波センサーの実施形態の他の例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the other example of embodiment of an ultrasonic sensor.

以下、添付図面を参照して、超音波センサーの実施形態について説明する。なお、以下に示す実施形態により、この発明が限定されるものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the ultrasonic sensor will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below.

図1は超音波センサーの実施形態の例を示す概略斜視図、図2は図1に示す超音波センサーの縦断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of an embodiment of an ultrasonic sensor, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the ultrasonic sensor shown in FIG.

図1および図2に示す例の超音波センサーは、筒状部11および底部12を有する有底筒状のケース1と、底部12に取り付けられた圧電素子2とを備えている。   The ultrasonic sensor of the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a bottomed cylindrical case 1 having a cylindrical portion 11 and a bottom portion 12, and a piezoelectric element 2 attached to the bottom portion 12.

ケース1は、筒状部11および底部12を有する有底筒状の形状である。このケース1は、例えばアルミニウム、チタン、マグネシウムなどの金属材料、またはABS樹脂、PBT樹脂、PPS樹脂などの樹脂材料からなる。   The case 1 has a bottomed cylindrical shape having a cylindrical portion 11 and a bottom portion 12. The case 1 is made of, for example, a metal material such as aluminum, titanium, or magnesium, or a resin material such as an ABS resin, a PBT resin, or a PPS resin.

筒状部11は、例えば円筒状の形状であり、底部12の外周を支持する支持体として機能する。底部12は、圧電素子2が取り付けられており、圧電素子2の振動によって振動する振動板として機能する。筒状部11および底部12の厚みは、例えば0.5〜1.0mmである。筒状部11の内径は、例えば5〜30mmである。筒状部11の高さ(長さ)は、例えば2〜10mmである。なお、底部12の圧電素子2が取り付けられる部分は、周囲よりも薄くなっていてもよく、図に示すように凹部が設けられていてもよい。   The cylindrical portion 11 has, for example, a cylindrical shape, and functions as a support for supporting the outer periphery of the bottom portion 12. The bottom portion 12 is attached with the piezoelectric element 2 and functions as a diaphragm that vibrates by the vibration of the piezoelectric element 2. The thickness of the cylindrical portion 11 and the bottom portion 12 is, for example, 0.5 to 1.0 mm. The internal diameter of the cylindrical part 11 is 5-30 mm, for example. The height (length) of the cylindrical portion 11 is, for example, 2 to 10 mm. In addition, the part to which the piezoelectric element 2 of the bottom part 12 is attached may be thinner than circumference | surroundings, and as shown to a figure, the recessed part may be provided.

圧電素子2は、例えば接着剤を介して底部12に取り付けられている。圧電素子2は、例えば平面視長方形状、正方形状、円形状などの形状をした板状体である。この圧電素子2は、圧電セラミックスからなる単板の圧電体と、当該圧電体の上面および下面に設けられた銀などの金属からなる表面電極とを備えたものでよい。また、圧電素子2は、例えば圧電体層と内部電極層とが積層された積層体と、当該圧電体の上面および下面に設けられた表面電極とを備えたものでよい。接着剤には、例えばエポキシ系、アクリル系などの接着剤が用いられる。   The piezoelectric element 2 is attached to the bottom 12 via, for example, an adhesive. The piezoelectric element 2 is a plate-like body having, for example, a rectangular shape in a plan view, a square shape, or a circular shape. The piezoelectric element 2 may be provided with a single plate piezoelectric body made of piezoelectric ceramic, and a surface electrode made of metal such as silver provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric body. Further, the piezoelectric element 2 may be provided with, for example, a laminate in which a piezoelectric layer and an internal electrode layer are stacked, and surface electrodes provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric. As the adhesive, for example, an epoxy-based or acrylic-based adhesive is used.

そして、ケース1の筒状部11の一端に錘部材3が接続されている。ここで、筒状部11の一端とは、底部12に接続される側とは反対側の端部のことであり、図における上端部のことである。錘部材3は、例えばケース1の筒状部11と同じ内径および厚さの筒状体とされ、筒状部11の一端に接続される。錘部材3の接続には、例えばエポキシ系接着剤、アクリル系接着剤が用いられる。この錘部材3は、ケース1を構成する筒状部11および底部12よりも密度が高い。   The weight member 3 is connected to one end of the cylindrical portion 11 of the case 1. Here, one end of the cylindrical portion 11 is the end opposite to the side connected to the bottom 12 and is the upper end in the figure. The weight member 3 is, for example, a cylindrical body having the same inner diameter and thickness as the cylindrical portion 11 of the case 1, and is connected to one end of the cylindrical portion 11. For the connection of the weight member 3, for example, an epoxy adhesive or an acrylic adhesive is used. The weight member 3 has a density higher than that of the cylindrical portion 11 and the bottom portion 12 constituting the case 1.

通常、錘部材3がケース1を構成する筒状部11および底部12の密度よりも高い密度のとき、錘部材3はケース1を構成する筒状部11および底部12よりも質量が大きくなる。このとき、錘部材3は、ケース1を構成する筒状部11および底部12よりも質量の大きな材料で形成される。ケース1がアルミニウムからなる場合に、錘部材3はモリブデン銅合金、ステンレス、真鍮などで形成される。   Usually, when the density of the weight member 3 is higher than the density of the cylindrical portion 11 and the bottom portion 12 constituting the case 1, the weight member 3 has a larger mass than the cylindrical portion 11 and the bottom portion 12 constituting the case 1. At this time, the weight member 3 is formed of a material having a mass larger than that of the cylindrical portion 11 and the bottom portion 12 which constitute the case 1. When the case 1 is made of aluminum, the weight member 3 is made of molybdenum copper alloy, stainless steel, brass or the like.

なお、錘部材3の密度がケース12の密度よりも高いかどうかは、錘部材3およびケース1のそれぞれの部位を取り出したうえで、アルキメデス法を用いて測定し、比較することで判別できる。   It should be noted that whether or not the density of the weight member 3 is higher than the density of the case 12 can be determined by taking out the respective portions of the weight member 3 and the case 1 and measuring and comparing them using the Archimedes method.

錘部材3を振動板としての底部に接触する部分に設ける方法では、底部の反作用を抑える効果はあるものの、筒状部の端面での振動の反射を抑える効果はないため、十分な残響特性の改善は得られにくい。また、ケースの開口部を塞ぐように内部損失の大きいダンピング材を設ける方法では、ケースの内部損失を大きくし、超音波センサーの共振周波数のQを低くするため、音圧が下がってしまう傾向がある。   The method of providing the weight member 3 in a portion in contact with the bottom portion as a diaphragm has an effect of suppressing the reaction of the bottom portion, but has no effect of suppressing the reflection of vibration at the end face of the cylindrical portion. It is difficult to get an improvement. Also, in the method of providing a damping material with a large internal loss so as to close the opening of the case, the sound pressure tends to decrease because the internal loss of the case is increased and the resonance frequency Q of the ultrasonic sensor is lowered. is there.

これに対し、本開示の超音波センサーのように、ケース1の筒状部11の一端に錘部材3が接続されている構成によれば、残響特性を向上させることができる。   On the other hand, according to the configuration in which the weight member 3 is connected to one end of the cylindrical portion 11 of the case 1 as in the ultrasonic sensor of the present disclosure, the reverberation characteristic can be improved.

振動が水中や空気中の媒質を伝達するとき、振動の波は疎密波となる。一方、振動が金
属等の個体の媒質を伝わるとき、振動の波は横波として伝達される。底部12(振動板)を動かした振動の一部は、筒状部11を伝わり、筒状部11の上端で反射して、底部12に返ってきて再び底部12を振動させる。
When the vibration transmits a medium in water or air, the vibration wave becomes a compressional wave. On the other hand, when vibration travels through a solid medium such as metal, the wave of vibration is transmitted as a transverse wave. Part of the vibration that has moved the bottom 12 (diaphragm) is transmitted through the cylindrical portion 11, reflected at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 11, returned to the bottom 12, and vibrates the bottom 12 again.

このとき、ケース1の筒状部11の一端に錘部材3が接続されていると、振動は筒状部11の上端で反射せずに錘部材3の方へ伝達する。そして、密度の大きな錘部材3に振動が伝わると、振動は小さくなる。これは、密度の高い、質量の大きな錘部材3を振動させようとするとより大きな振動エネルギーが必要だからである。振動は、錘部材3の端面で反射してケース1へ返ってくるが、錘部材3の中で残響特性に影響を与えないくらい小さくなっている。これにより、超音波センサーの残響特性が向上する。   At this time, when the weight member 3 is connected to one end of the cylindrical portion 11 of the case 1, the vibration is transmitted to the weight member 3 without being reflected by the upper end of the cylindrical portion 11. And if vibration is transmitted to weight member 3 with a large density, vibration will become small. This is because, in order to vibrate the high-density, large-mass weight member 3, more vibration energy is required. The vibration is reflected at the end face of the weight member 3 and returns to the case 1, but is small enough not to affect the reverberation characteristics in the weight member 3. This improves the reverberation characteristics of the ultrasonic sensor.

この残響特性は、例えば次のようにして測定できる。測定を行う第1の超音波センサーに対向するように第2の超音波センサーを配置し、第1の超音波センサーに矩形波を数パルス入力する。入力が無くなってからも第1の超音波センサーには振動が残っているため、超音波を発している。その超音波がどのくらいの時間で小さくなるかを測定することによって、残響特性が優れているかどうかを判別できる。   This reverberation characteristic can be measured, for example, as follows. The second ultrasonic sensor is disposed to face the first ultrasonic sensor to be measured, and several pulses of rectangular waves are input to the first ultrasonic sensor. Since the vibration remains in the first ultrasonic sensor even after the input disappears, ultrasonic waves are emitted. By measuring how long the ultrasonic wave decreases, it can be determined whether the reverberation characteristics are excellent.

ここで、錘部材3は、ケース1の筒状部11と同じ内径および厚さの筒状体に限られず、筒状部11に接続されるものであれば、内径や厚さが筒状部11とは若干異なるものであってもよい。   Here, the weight member 3 is not limited to a cylindrical body having the same inner diameter and thickness as the cylindrical portion 11 of the case 1, and if the weight member 3 is connected to the cylindrical portion 11, the inner diameter and thickness are cylindrical portions 11 may be slightly different.

また、図3に示すように、錘部材3は、筒状部11の延長方向に延びる第1の部位31と、第1の部位31に連続するとともに内側に向かって延びる第2の部位32とを有する形状であってもよい。これにより、超音波センサーが小型でありながら、錘部材3における振動の減衰する距離を稼ぐことができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the weight member 3 includes a first portion 31 extending in the extension direction of the cylindrical portion 11 and a second portion 32 continuous with the first portion 31 and extending inward. It may have a shape having As a result, it is possible to increase the attenuation distance of the vibration in the weight member 3 while the ultrasonic sensor is compact.

さらに、図4に示すように、錘部材3は、筒状部11の延長方向に延びる第1の部位31と、第1の部位31に連続するとともに内側に向かって延びる第2の部位32とを有している場合において、第1の部位31から第2の部位32にかけて内壁および外壁のうちの少なくとも一方の角部が丸みを帯びていてもよい。図4は外壁のみが丸みを帯びた形状を示しているが、この形状に限られず、内壁および外壁の両方の角部が丸みを帯びていてもよい。言い換えると、第1の部位31と第2の部位32との境界の角が丸くなっているのがよい。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the weight member 3 includes a first portion 31 extending in the extension direction of the cylindrical portion 11 and a second portion 32 continuous with the first portion 31 and extending inward. In the case where the first portion 31 to the second portion 32 are formed, at least one corner of the inner wall and the outer wall may be rounded. Although only the outer wall shows a rounded shape in FIG. 4, the present invention is not limited to this shape, and the corners of both the inner and outer walls may be rounded. In other words, it is preferable that the corner of the boundary between the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 be rounded.

振動の伝達路に角があると振動の一部が途中で反射することがあり、十分に減衰されないでケースに返ってくるおそれがある。そこで、角に丸みをつけることにより、錘部材3の端面まで振動が届きやすくなり、途中で反射しにくくすることができる。   If there is an angle in the vibration transmission path, part of the vibration may be reflected halfway, and may be returned to the case without being sufficiently attenuated. Therefore, by rounding the corners, the vibration can easily reach the end face of the weight member 3 and it can be difficult to reflect on the way.

なお、丸みの曲率半径は、例えばR0.3〜2.0mm程度に設定される。   In addition, the curvature radius of roundness is set, for example to about R 0.3-2.0 mm.

また、図5に示すように、錘部材3は、筒状部11の延長方向に延びる第1の部位31と、第1の部位31に連続するとともに内側に向かって延びる第2の部位32とを有している場合において、第2の部位32には周囲よりも厚い厚肉部33があってもよい。例えば、錘部材3の振動を伝達する経路の途中に、厚肉部33として上方向および下方向の少なくとも一方に向けて突出する突起があってもよい。厚肉部33があることによって、振動エネルギーをより大きく減衰させることができる。   Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the weight member 3 includes a first portion 31 extending in the extension direction of the cylindrical portion 11 and a second portion 32 continuous with the first portion 31 and extending inward. In the case where the second portion 32 has a thick portion 33 thicker than the surrounding portion. For example, in the middle of the path for transmitting the vibration of the weight member 3, there may be a protrusion that protrudes as at least one of the upward direction and the downward direction as the thick portion 33. By the presence of the thick portion 33, vibration energy can be attenuated more.

また、図6に示すように、厚肉部33は第2の部位32の内側の端部にあってもよい。例えば、厚肉部33がケース1の内方へ延びていてもよい。これにより、振動の経路が長くなるため、振動エネルギーをより大きく減衰させることができる。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the thick portion 33 may be at the inner end of the second portion 32. For example, the thick portion 33 may extend inward of the case 1. As a result, the vibration path can be made longer, and vibration energy can be attenuated more.

次に、本実施形態の超音波センサーの製造方法の例について説明する。   Next, an example of a method of manufacturing the ultrasonic sensor of the present embodiment will be described.

例えばφ14mm高さ4mmの有底筒状のアルミニウムのケース1を切削加工にて作製する。   For example, a bottomed cylindrical aluminum case 1 having a diameter of 14 mm and a height of 4 mm is manufactured by cutting.

次に、このケース1の底部12の内側にチタン酸ジルコン酸鉛を圧電体材料とする例えば一辺5mm厚み0.2mmの圧電素子2をエポキシ接着剤で接着する。   Next, for example, a piezoelectric element 2 of 0.2 mm in thickness and 5 mm on a side made of lead zirconate titanate as a piezoelectric material is bonded to the inside of the bottom 12 of the case 1 with an epoxy adhesive.

次に、圧電素子2の表面電極に配線を半田付けし、アルミニウムのケース1の内側に発泡ポリウレタン樹脂を材料とする吸音剤を入れる。   Next, a wire is soldered to the surface electrode of the piezoelectric element 2, and a sound absorbing agent made of a foamed polyurethane resin is placed inside the case 1 of aluminum.

次に、モリブテン銅合金を材料とし、φ14mm高さ5mmの筒状形状の錘部材3をケース1の筒状部11にエポキシ接着剤で接着する。   Next, using a molybden copper alloy as a material, a cylindrical weight member 3 with a diameter of 14 mm and a height of 5 mm is adhered to the cylindrical portion 11 of the case 1 with an epoxy adhesive.

必要により、錘部材3の開口部から配線をケース1外側に引き出し、錘部材3の開口部にシリコンゴム、ブチルゴム等のゴムを材料とする蓋部材をエポキシ接着剤で接着してもよい。   If necessary, the wiring may be pulled out of the opening of the weight member 3 to the outside of the case 1, and a lid member made of rubber such as silicone rubber or butyl rubber may be bonded to the opening of the weight member 3 with an epoxy adhesive.

以上の方法で、本実施形態の超音波センサーを製造することができる。   The ultrasonic sensor of the present embodiment can be manufactured by the above method.

1 ケース
11 筒状部
12 底部
2 圧電素子
3 錘部材
31 第1の部位
32 第2の部位
33 厚肉部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 case 11 cylindrical part 12 bottom part 2 piezoelectric element 3 weight member 31 1st site | part 32 2nd site | part 33 thick part

Claims (4)

筒状部および底部を有する有底筒状のケースと、前記底部に取り付けられた圧電素子とを備え、前記ケースの前記筒状部の一端に、前記ケースよりも密度の高い錘部材が接続されていることを特徴とする超音波センサー。   A bottomed cylindrical case having a cylindrical portion and a bottom portion, and a piezoelectric element attached to the bottom portion, a weight member having a density higher than that of the case connected to one end of the cylindrical portion of the case An ultrasonic sensor that is characterized by 前記錘部材は、前記筒状部の延長方向に延びる第1の部位と、該第1の部位に連続するとともに内側に向かって延びる第2の部位とを有しており、前記第1の部位から前記第2の部位にかけて内壁および外壁のうちの少なくとも一方の角部が丸みを帯びていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の超音波センサー。   The weight member has a first portion extending in the extension direction of the cylindrical portion, and a second portion continuous with the first portion and extending inward, and the first portion The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, wherein a corner of at least one of the inner wall and the outer wall is rounded from the second area to the second area. 前記錘部材は、前記筒状部の延長方向に延びる第1の部位と、該第1の部位に連続するとともに内側に向かって延びる第2の部位とを有しており、前記第2の部位には周囲よりも厚い厚肉部があることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の超音波センサー。   The weight member has a first portion extending in the extension direction of the cylindrical portion, and a second portion continuous with the first portion and extending inward, and the second portion The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein there is a thick part thicker than the surrounding area. 前記厚肉部は、前記第2の部位の内側の端部にあることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の超音波センサー。   The ultrasonic sensor according to claim 3, wherein the thick portion is at an inner end of the second portion.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110441759A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-11-12 成都汇通西电电子有限公司 A kind of Ulerasonic senser casing structure and ultrasonic sensor

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002262383A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-09-13 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Ultrasonic wave vibrator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002262383A (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-09-13 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Ultrasonic wave vibrator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110441759A (en) * 2019-09-11 2019-11-12 成都汇通西电电子有限公司 A kind of Ulerasonic senser casing structure and ultrasonic sensor

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