JP2019061868A - Vibration direction converter and vibration direction conversion method - Google Patents

Abstract

To solve the problem in which in a device receiving vibrations, it may be hard to keep receiving vibrations without having a device tracking movements of a vibration generating source.SOLUTION: A vibration converter has reflection means including a first main reflection part composed of at least a part of a first rotary ellipsoidal surface, a second main reflection part composed of at least a part of a second rotary ellipsoidal surface, and a sub reflection part composed of a rotating curved surface having at least one focal point. The first main reflection part and the second main reflection part are arranged in the way that one of two focal points which the first rotary ellipsoidal surface has coincides with one of two focal points which the second rotary ellipsoidal surface has and forms a common focal point. The sub reflection part is arranged in the way that at least one of focal points the rotating curved surface has coincides with the common focal point.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave direction conversion device and a wave direction conversion method, and more particularly to a wave direction conversion device and a wave direction conversion method which can be used when transmitting and receiving various waves such as electromagnetic waves and light waves such as light and radio waves.

  There are known devices that receive waves such as electromagnetic waves such as light and radio waves and waves such as sound waves, such as an antenna for receiving satellite broadcasting and a light collecting device for collecting sunlight.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a sunlight collecting system for collecting sunlight. Specifically, in Patent Document 1, a center mirror, a heliostat that reflects sunlight toward the center mirror, and sunlight that is reflected and collected by the center mirror is introduced from the upper opening, and the upper opening is A solar collection system is described, which consists of a cylindrical collector mirror which emits from a narrow lower opening. The solar light collecting system described in Patent Document 1 is characterized in that the cylindrical collecting mirror is supported so as to be movable up and down. According to Patent Document 1, the configuration as described above makes it possible to adjust the thermal energy obtained without changing the state of the heliostat.

  Further, for example, Patent Document 2 describes a sunlight condensing illumination device. The sunlight condensing illuminating device of patent document 2 has the condensing part main body which integrated the some lens and sensor, and the control part which tracks the sun. Moreover, an optical fiber is arrange | positioned at the sunlight condensing illuminating device, and the illumination terminal fixture is arrange | positioned at the other end of an optical fiber. According to Patent Document 2, in the above-described solar light collecting illumination device, the fiber on the light collecting unit main body side and the fiber on the lighting terminal side are connected by an optical connector. With such a configuration, the workability can be improved.

  Moreover, there exists patent document 3 as a technique regarding the antenna which transmits / receives an electromagnetic wave, for example. Patent Document 3 describes a reflective antenna configured of a primary radiator, a sub reflector, and a main reflector. Further, the antenna described in Patent Document 3 includes a main reflecting mirror configured by combining a part of a paraboloid whose focal point is a focal point and a part of a paraboloid whose focal point is a focal point 2 '; It has a part of an ellipse whose focal point is 1 and focal point 2 and a sub-reflecting mirror formed by combining a part of an ellipse whose focal point is focal point 1 and focal point 2 '. According to Patent Document 3, the above configuration can suppress the influence of blocking by the sub-reflecting mirror.

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2010-151980 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 06-300925 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-215104

  The heliostat described in Patent Document 1, the lens described in Patent Document 2, and the main reflecting mirror described in Patent Document 3 are directed to the direction of the source of the electromagnetic wave (wave) such as light or radio wave when receiving the wave. You need to face it. Therefore, when a wave source such as radio waves from the sun or a geostationary satellite moves, it has been necessary to track the source of the moving wave. As described above, in a device that receives a wave, there is a problem that it may be difficult to continue to receive a wave without having a device that tracks the movement of a wave generation source.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem that in an apparatus for receiving a wave, it may be difficult to continue to receive a wave without having an apparatus for tracking the movement of a wave generation source. It is an object of the present invention to provide a conversion device and a wave direction conversion method.

In order to achieve such an object, a wave direction conversion device which is an embodiment of the present invention is:
It has at least one focal point and a first main reflecting portion constituted by at least a portion of the first spheroid, and a second main reflecting portion constituted by at least a portion of the second spheroid. And (c) a reflecting means including a sub-reflecting portion constituted by a curved surface,
The first main reflection portion and the second main reflection portion are ones of two focal points of two focal points of the first spheroid and two focal points of the second spheroid. It is arranged to have a common focus in line with one of the
The sub-reflecting portion is configured such that at least one of the focal points of the curved surface coincides with the common focal point.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
The first main reflection portion and the second main reflection portion are arranged to reflect the wave incident on the first main reflection portion and the second main reflection portion toward the sub reflection portion. ,
The sub-reflecting portion is arranged to convert the traveling direction of the wave incident from the first main reflecting portion and the second main reflecting portion,
A receiving means is provided for receiving the wave whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflecting portion.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
It has transmission means for transmitting a wave whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflecting portion,
The receiving means is arranged to receive a wave via the transmitting means.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
A plurality of the reflection means,
The receiving means is arranged to receive a wave transmitted from each of the plurality of reflecting means through the transmitting means.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
The receiving means is a solar cell,
The solar cell is configured to receive light transmitted from the reflection means via an optical fiber which is the transmission means.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
The receiving means is a diffusing means for diffusing light which is a wave,
The transmitting means or the receiving means may include blocking means for blocking light.
The blocking means is provided with a solar cell.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
The reflecting means includes a third main reflecting portion composed of at least a part of a third spheroid,
The third main reflection portion is configured such that one of two focal points of the third spheroid has a focal point coincident with the common focal point.

Also, in the above wave direction conversion device,
A plurality of the reflecting means,
A major main reflector composed of a paraboloid of revolution;
A major / sub reflective portion composed of a paraboloid of revolution and disposed at a position common to the major main reflective portion,
Have
The reflecting means has a configuration in which the optical axis of the sub-reflecting portion of the reflecting means is disposed parallel to the optical axis of the large main reflecting portion.

Moreover, the wave direction conversion method which is another form of the present invention is
A method for wave direction conversion performed in any of the wave direction conversion devices described above,
The plurality of main reflection portions reflect the wave incident on the main reflection portion toward the sub reflection portion,
The sub-reflecting portion is configured to convert the traveling direction of the wave incident from the plurality of main reflecting portions.

  According to the present invention, by being configured as described above, it may be difficult in an apparatus for receiving waves to continue receiving waves without having a device for tracking the movement of a wave source. It becomes possible to provide a wave direction conversion device and a wave direction conversion method that solves the problem.

It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the solar power generation device concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the solar power generation device shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the solar power generation device shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the solar power generation device shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the solar power generation device shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the reflection means in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the reflection means shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the reflection means in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows an example of a structure of the reflection means shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the reflection means in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the reflection means in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of the reflection means in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the sunlight utilization illumination system which is another structural example of the wave direction conversion apparatus demonstrated in the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the antenna which is another structural example of a wave direction converter. It is a figure which shows an example of the other structure of an antenna. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the sound collector which is the other structural example of a wave direction conversion apparatus. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the microphone which is the other structural example of a wave direction conversion apparatus.

First Embodiment
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 1: is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the solar power generation device which is one form of a wave direction conversion apparatus. 2 to 5 are diagrams showing an example of another configuration of the solar power generation apparatus.

  In the first embodiment, a solar power generation device which is an example of a wave direction conversion device that converts the traveling direction of waves such as electromagnetic waves such as light and radio waves and sound waves will be described. The solar power generation device in the present embodiment has a reflection means 1 configured of a first main reflection portion 11, a second main reflection portion 12 and a sub reflection portion 13. As will be described later, the solar power generation apparatus according to the present embodiment uses the reflection means 1 and does not follow the movement of the sun, which is a generation source of sunlight, as in the case where the moving sun is tracked It is possible to obtain light going straight in the direction

  FIG. 1 shows an outline of the configuration of a solar power generation device as viewed from the front. Referring to FIG. 1, the solar power generation apparatus includes a reflection unit 1 including a first main reflection unit 11, a second main reflection unit 12, and a sub reflection unit 13, and a solar cell 21 as a reception unit. ,have.

  The first main reflection portion 11 is composed of a part of an ellipsoid of revolution having a focal point f0 and a focal point f1. The second main reflection portion 12 is formed of a part of an ellipsoid of revolution having a focal point f0 and a focal point f2. As described above, the first main reflection portion 11 and the second main reflection portion 12 are arranged in the same direction as in the same direction so as to share the focal point f0. In other words, in the first main reflecting portion 11 and the second main reflecting portion 12, one of the two focal points of the spheroid constituting the first main reflecting portion 11 is the second main reflecting portion It is arranged to be coincident with the focal point of one of the two focal points of the spheroid constituting the main reflecting portion 12 to form a common focal point f0.

  The sub-reflection unit 13 is a convex mirror having a paraboloid of revolution and has a focal point f0. That is, the sub-reflecting portion 13 is arranged such that the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution coincides with the common focal point f0. In the present embodiment, means for arranging the sub-reflecting portion 13 at the above position is not particularly limited. For example, the sub-reflecting portion 13 is provided with supporting means (such as a substantially cylindrical rod) not shown. Thus, by supporting the sub-reflecting portion 13, the sub-reflecting portion 13 is arranged such that the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution coincides with the common focal point f 0. The sub-reflecting portion 13 may be a concave mirror having a paraboloid of revolution. Also in the case of using a concave mirror as the sub-reflecting portion 13, as in the case of using a convex mirror, the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution is arranged to coincide with the common focal point f0.

  Thus, the first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13 are arranged to have the common focal point f0. The first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13 are arranged in the order of, for example, the focus f2 from the left in FIG. 1, the focus f0 (common focus f0), and the focus f1. It can also be said that the respective focal points are arranged to be substantially aligned on the front view and the plan view. In other words, in the first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13, for example, the length of the line connecting the focus f2 and the focus f0 in the front view is the focus f1 and the focus f0. And a line connecting the focal point f2 and the focal point f0 in plan view and a line connecting the focal point f1 and the focal point f0 in plan view, It can also be said. When the first main reflection portion 11 and the second main reflection portion 12 are arranged as described above, when the first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13 are disposed. It can also be said that the part according to the position where the sub reflection part 13 is arrange | positioned by front view is cut out beforehand.

  As described above, when the first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13 are disposed, for example, sunlight passing through the focal point f1 of the first main reflection portion 11 The light is reflected toward the focal point f0 which is another focal point of the spheroid (that is, toward the sub-reflection portion 13) by the main reflection portion 11 of Thereafter, the sunlight reflected toward the focal point f0 is converted to sunlight parallel to the optical axis of the sub-reflection portion 13 by the sub-reflection portion 13 (the traveling direction is converted). Also, for example, the sunlight passing through the focal point f2 of the second main reflecting portion 12 is reflected by the second main reflecting portion 12 toward the focal point f0 (that is, toward the sub-reflection portion 13). Thereafter, the sunlight reflected toward the focal point f0 is converted to sunlight parallel to the optical axis of the sub-reflection portion 13 by the sub-reflection portion 13 (the traveling direction is converted). Thus, according to the reflection means 1, both the sunlight passing through the focal point f 1 and the sunlight passing through the focal point f 2 will be converted into sunlight parallel to the optical axis of the sub-reflecting portion 13.

  The first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13 (that is, the reflection means 1) are made of metal (aluminum, shape memory alloy, etc.), for example. The reflection means 1 may be made of resin, for example. When the reflecting means 1 is made of a shape memory alloy, for example, shape memory alloys having different transformation temperatures among the first main reflection portion 11, the second main reflection portion 12, and the sub reflection portion 13 may be used. .

  The solar cell 21 has, for example, a plate-like shape, and converts the sunlight incident on the light receiving surface of the solar cell 21 into electric power by utilizing the photovoltaic effect. The solar cell 21 is located at a position corresponding to the traveling direction of the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflection portion 13 so that the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflection portion 13 is incident on the light receiving surface which is the surface of the solar cell 21. It is arrange | positioned in the state which has a light-receiving surface in the subreflecting part 13 side.

  Specifically, for example, the solar cell 21 is a crystalline silicon-based wafer. However, the present invention can be implemented without depending on the configuration of the solar cell 21. Therefore, the solar cell 21 may have a configuration other than that illustrated.

  The above is an example of a structure of a solar power generation device. As described above, according to the reflection means 1 in the present embodiment, both the sunlight passing through the focal point f1 and the sunlight passing through the focal point f2 are converted into sunlight parallel to the optical axis of the sub-reflection portion 13 . In other words, according to the reflection means 1, it is possible to always obtain sunlight in a certain direction regardless of the position of the sun which is a generation source of sunlight, and without tracking the moving sun It is possible to change the traveling direction. Thereby, regardless of the movement of the sun, it is possible to efficiently irradiate the solar cell 21 with sunlight. As a result, the solar cell 21 can stably generate power with high efficiency.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the reflection means 1 has the first main reflection portion 11 and the second main reflection portion 12. As a result, it is possible to change the traveling direction of sunlight incident in a wider range as compared with the case where the main reflection portion is configured of one spheroid. As a result, for example, the influence of sunlight blocked by the presence of the sub-reflecting portion 13 can be alleviated. That is, regardless of the position of the sun, it is possible to obtain sunlight in a certain direction more stably.

  Further, according to the solar power generation apparatus described in the present embodiment, since it is possible to always obtain sunlight in a certain direction regardless of the position of the sun, the solar cell 21 can be obtained without particularly tilting the solar cell 21. It is possible to stably perform the most efficient irradiation of sunlight. Therefore, there is no need to design the optimum elevation angle when installing the solar cell 21, and the design cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, according to the solar power generation device described in the present embodiment, it is not necessary to direct the solar cell 21 directly to the primary light source such as the sun. This makes it possible to suppress the temperature rise of the solar cell 21 as compared with the case where the solar cell 21 is directed directly to the primary light source such as the sun. Here, the solar cell 21 generally has a characteristic that the amount of power generation increases as the temperature decreases. Therefore, according to the solar power generation device described in the present embodiment, solar power can be generated more efficiently.

  Further, according to the solar power generation apparatus described in the present embodiment, the installation position of the solar cell 21 can be separated from the position at which the reflection means 1 is installed. Therefore, the solar cell 21 can be installed indoors or the like. As a result, it is also possible to reduce the weather cost of the solar cell 21 and the like.

  In addition, the structure of a solar power generation device is not limited to the case illustrated above.

  For example, the solar cell 21 can be housed inside the housing 22. FIG. 2 shows a modification of the solar power generation apparatus using the housing 22. As shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the solar cell 21 is accommodated inside a housing 22 having a transmitting portion 221 (transmission means) through which sunlight is transmitted. Specifically, the solar cell 21 is accommodated inside the housing 22, and at least a position of the housing 22 according to the traveling direction of the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflecting portion 13, the sun A transmitting portion 221 through which light is transmitted is formed.

  The housing 22 is made of, for example, metal or resin, and has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The housing 22 has a space for housing the solar cell 21 formed therein, and the solar cell 21 is housed in the space. The transmitting portion 221 is, for example, a plate-like glass, a transparent resin member, or the like. The transmitting portion 221 may be a heat shielding net, an opening formed in the housing 22, or the like.

  According to the above configuration, the sunlight whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflection unit 13 is transmitted to the inside of the housing 22 through the transmission unit 221. Thereafter, the sunlight transmitted to the inside of the housing 22 enters the solar cell 21. As described above, by using the casing 22 having the transmitting portion 221, the solar cell 21 housed in the casing 22 is exposed to sunlight without blocking the sunlight whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflecting portion 13. Can be transmitted. In other words, with the above-described configuration, it is possible to accommodate the solar cell 21 inside the housing 22 without fear that the sunlight is cut off during transmission. As a result, since the solar cell 21 is accommodated in the housing 22, for example, the solar cell 21 can be efficiently cooled, and power can be generated more efficiently.

  In addition, as a method of cooling the solar cell 21, for example, it is conceivable to fill the inside of the housing 22 with water. The solar cell 21 may be cooled by methods other than those exemplified above.

  Further, in the above-described example, the housing 22 is made of, for example, metal or resin. However, the housing 22 may be made of materials other than those illustrated. In addition, the housing 22 may have a shape other than the substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.

  In addition, when the solar cell 21 is housed inside the housing 22 as described above, the function as a filter that does not transmit light of a specific wavelength such as infrared light or ultraviolet light, the function as a heat insulation film, the function as a polarization filter, etc. May be provided to the transmitting portion 221. The transmissive part 221 may have only one of the functions illustrated above, or may have a plurality of functions described above.

  Moreover, above, the case where the solar cell 21 was accommodated in the inside of the housing | casing 22 was demonstrated as a modification of a solar power generation device. However, for example, the whole of the solar power generation apparatus having the reflection means 1 and the solar cell 21 may be housed in the inside of a casing having transparency such as glass or acrylic resin. Also, for example, between the reflecting means 1 and the sun which is a generation source of sunlight (for example, on the reflecting means 1 or along the outer periphery of the reflecting means 1) or with the first main reflecting portion 11 By arranging a light diffusion lens or a diffuse reflection means for irregularly reflecting incident light on the second main reflection portion 12 or the like, the sunlight diffused by the light diffusion lens or diffusely reflected by the diffuse reflection means is It may be configured to be incident on the main reflection portion 11 or the second main reflection portion 12. Further, the whole may be housed inside the housing, and the solar cell 21 may be further housed inside the housing 22.

  In addition, as another modification of the solar power generation apparatus, for example, even when sunlight whose direction of travel is converted by the sub-reflection unit 13 is incident on the solar cell 21 through transmission means such as the optical fiber 24. I do not care. FIG. 3 shows a modification of the solar power generation apparatus using the optical fiber 24. As shown in FIG. When the optical fiber 24 is used, the solar cell 21 may be accommodated inside the housing 22 or may not be accommodated inside the housing 22.

  Referring to FIG. 3, the solar power generation apparatus includes, for example, a condenser lens 23 such as a convex lens or a Fresnel lens and an optical fiber 24. Specifically, for example, the condenser lens 23 is disposed at a position according to the traveling direction of the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflection unit 13. Thereby, the condensing lens 23 is used, and the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflection part 13 is concentrated to the focus f3 which the condensing lens 23 has. Further, one end of the optical fiber 24 is disposed in the vicinity of the focal point f3 of the condenser lens 23 or the focal point f3 and the other end of the optical fiber 24 is in the vicinity of the solar cell 21. Place (or bring the other end of the optical fiber 24 into contact with the solar cell 21).

  For example, by arranging the condenser lens 23 and the optical fiber 24 in this manner, it is possible to transmit the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflection unit 13 to the solar cell 21 via the optical fiber 24. When the optical fiber 24 is used, as shown in FIG. 3, sunlight is irradiated from one end of the optical fiber 24, so the light receiving surface of the solar cell 21 is on the top (that is, a source of sunlight generation) There is no need to face the sun). Thus, for example, it becomes possible to place the solar cells 21 vertically, and as a result, it is possible to reduce the horizontal area required when installing the solar cells 21.

  In the example described above, the solar power generation apparatus has the condensing lens 23. However, the solar power generation device may not necessarily have the condenser lens 23. When the solar power generation device does not have the condenser lens 23, for example, the optical fiber 24 is disposed so that the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflection unit 13 is directly incident. Such a configuration can be adopted, for example, when the size of the reflecting means 1 is very small, such as the size of the reflecting means 1 is about several mm (it may be smaller). The reflecting means 1 may have a size such as several cm to several m.

  The optical fiber 24 may be a general optical fiber having a two-layer structure of a central core and a cladding covering the periphery of the core. For example, although it is assumed that the optical fiber 24 has a diameter of about 2 mm, the diameter of the optical fiber 24 may be other than those illustrated.

  Further, the optical fiber 24 described above can be provided with a filter 241. Specifically, for example, the filter 241 can be provided at the upper end of the optical fiber 24 (the filter 241 may be provided at a place other than the illustrated one). The filter 241 can have a function as a filter that does not transmit light of a specific wavelength such as infrared light or ultraviolet light, a function as a heat insulation film, a function as a polarization filter, and the like. The filter 241 may have only one of the functions illustrated above, or may have a plurality of functions described above. In other words, the filter 241 may be, for example, an infrared filter, an ultraviolet filter, an adiabatic filter, a polarization filter, or a combination thereof.

  Further, at the lower end of the optical fiber 24, it is possible to have a diffusing means 242 for diffusing the transmitted sunlight. The diffusing unit 242 is, for example, a diffusing lens that emits incident sunlight while performing multiple scattering. It is possible that the solar cell 21 is locally heated by, for example, the excessively concentrated sunlight being incident on the solar cell 21 by causing the sunlight diffused by the diffusion means 242 to be incident on the solar cell 21. It can be prevented. The diffusing unit 242 may be configured of, for example, the reflecting unit 1 and the condenser lens 23. The diffusing unit 242 may have a configuration other than the configuration including the diffusing lens and the reflecting unit 1 as long as the diffused sunlight can be diffused.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in place of the sub-reflecting portion 13 which is a convex mirror having a paraboloid of revolution, a sub-reflecting portion 13A composed of an ellipsoid of revolution having a focal point f0 and a focal point f3 can be used. . By using the sub-reflecting portion 13A, it is possible to collect sunlight near the upper end of the optical fiber 24 without using the condensing lens 23. As described above, as long as the sub-reflecting portion 13 has at least one focal point, the sub-reflecting portion 13 does not necessarily have to be configured from a paraboloid of revolution.

  When sunlight is transmitted by the optical fiber 24, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the sunlight transmitted from a plurality of reflecting means 1 may be irradiated to one solar cell 21. It can. That is, the solar cell 21 can be arranged to receive the sunlight transmitted from each of the plurality of reflecting means 1 via the optical fiber 24. According to such a configuration, it is possible to irradiate a large amount of sunlight to one solar cell 21. This makes it possible to increase the amount of power generated by one solar cell 21. Also, a plurality of reflecting means 1 can be installed at different light conditions, such as the foot of the mountain and the top of the mountain. As described above, by installing the reflection means 1 at points where the sunshine conditions are different and transmitting the sunlight from each point, it is possible to stably secure the light amount for the solar cell.

  As mentioned above, a solar power generation device can take various modifications. In addition, as long as the solar power generation device has the reflection means 1, it may have a configuration other than that described above.

  For example, the solar light whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflection unit 13 may be transmitted to the solar cell 21 using one or more mirror surfaces or one or more prisms. The transmission may be performed by a combination of a mirror surface or a prism and the optical fiber 24. Further, in the above description, the case of using the condenser lens 23 and the sub-reflecting portion 13A when transmitting sunlight through the optical fiber 24 has been exemplified, but, for example, a combination of a reflecting mirror, a prism, etc. It may be configured to receive sunlight.

  In FIGS. 1 to 5, in the reflecting means 1, the focal points are arranged in the order of focal point f 2, focal point f 0 (common focal point f 0) and focal point f 1 in a straight line in front view and plan view Yes. However, the reflection means 1 may have a configuration other than that illustrated above.

  For example, the focal point f2 and the focal point f1 which the reflecting means 1 has may not necessarily be disposed on a straight line in plan view. That is, as long as the first main reflection portion 11 and the second main reflection portion 12 are disposed so as to share the focal point f0, they may have an arrangement relationship other than that exemplified in the present embodiment. Absent. For example, the first main reflection portion 11 and the second main reflection portion 12 have a predetermined angle (for example, 60) between the line connecting the focal point f0 and the focal point f1 and the line connecting the focal point f0 and the focal point f2 in plan view. It is possible to arrange so that it becomes the degree-120 degrees etc. It does not matter even if it illustrates the angle illustrated).

  Moreover, as long as the 1st main reflection part 11 and the 2nd main reflection part 12 are both comprised from a part of rotation ellipsoid, the magnitude | sizes may differ. For example, the length of the line connecting the focal point f0 and the focal point f1 in plan view may be different from the length of the line connecting the focal point f0 and the focal point f2.

  As described above, the solar power generation device and the reflection means 1 can take various modified examples. The solar power generation device and the reflection means 1 may have known configurations other than those exemplified above.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6 to FIG. 6 and 7 are perspective views showing an example of the configuration of the reflection means 100. FIG. FIGS. 8 to 12 are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the reflection means 1000. FIG.

  In the second embodiment, a modification of the reflecting means 1 included in the solar power generation apparatus will be described. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a reflecting unit 100 and a reflecting unit 1000 which can be provided in place of the reflecting unit 1 will be described. First, the reflecting means 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the reflection means 100. As shown in FIG. 7 (a) is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the reflecting means 100, FIG. 7 (b) is a front view showing an example of the configuration of the reflecting means 100, and FIG. 7 (c) is a reflection It is an AA line sectional view showing an example of composition of means 100.

  Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the reflection unit 100 includes three main reflection portions, ie, a first main reflection portion 110, a second main reflection portion 120 and a third main reflection portion 130, and a sub reflection portion 140. And consists of.

  The first main reflection portion 110 is formed of a part of an ellipsoid of revolution having a focal point f00 and a focal point f10. Further, the second main reflection portion 120 is formed of a part of an ellipsoid of revolution having a focal point f00 and a focal point f20. The third main reflection portion 130 is formed of a part of an ellipsoid of revolution having a focal point f00 and a focal point f30. As described above, the first main reflection portion 110, the second main reflection portion 120, and the third main reflection portion 130 are disposed in the same direction and open so as to share the focal point f00. In other words, the first main reflecting portion 110, the second main reflecting portion 120, and the third main reflecting portion 130 have one of the two focal points of the spheroid of the first main reflecting portion 110. One focal point is one of the two focal points of the spheroid constituting the second main reflecting portion 120, and the two focal points of the spheroid constituting the third main reflecting portion 130 Are arranged to coincide with one of the foci of the two.

  The sub-reflection unit 140 is a concave mirror having a paraboloid of revolution and has a focal point f00. That is, the sub-reflecting portion 140 is arranged such that the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution coincides with the common focal point f00. The sub-reflecting portion 140 may be a convex mirror having a paraboloid of revolution. Also in the case of using a convex mirror as the sub-reflecting portion 140, as in the case of using a concave mirror, it is arranged such that the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution coincides with the common focal point f00.

  In the case shown in FIG. 7, a support portion 141 for supporting the sub reflection portion 140 is formed at a predetermined position (for example, three portions) on the lower end side of the sub reflection portion 140. The support portion 141 is, for example, a substantially cylindrical support rod, and the support portion 141 supports the sub-reflection portion 140, so that the sub-reflection portion 140 has the focal point of the paraboloid of revolution coincident with the common focus f00. It will be supported in such a state. In addition, the support part 141 is being fixed to the main reflection part comprised from the 1st main reflection part 110, the 2nd main reflection part 120, and the 3rd main reflection part 130, for example.

  As described above, the reflection means 100 has the three main reflection portions of the first main reflection portion 110, the second main reflection portion 120, and the third main reflection portion 130, and the sub reflection portion 140. doing. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the reflection means 1 described in the first embodiment.

  In the example shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first main reflecting portion 110, the second main reflecting portion 120, and the third main reflecting portion 130 are arranged at equal intervals. However, for example, the distance between the first main reflection portion 110 and the second main reflection portion 120 and the distance between the first main reflection portion 110 and the third main reflection portion 130 are different. It does not matter. In other words, in plan view, the angle formed by the line connecting the focal points f00 and f10 and the line connecting the focal points f00 and f20, the line connecting the focal points f00 and f20, the focal point f00 and the focal point f30 Of the first main reflection portion 110 such that the angle of the angle formed by the line connecting the two, and the angle of the line formed by the line connecting the focal point f00 and the focal point f30 and the line connecting the focal point f00 and the focal point f10 are different. The second main reflection portion 120 and the third main reflection portion 130 may be disposed, and the first main reflection portion 110 and the second main reflection portion 120 may be arranged such that all or two of the above angles become the same. The main reflection portion 120 and the third main reflection portion 130 may be disposed. Also, the reflecting means 100 may adopt the same modification as the reflecting means 1.

  Also, in the above, the reflecting means 100 has the three main reflecting portions of the first main reflecting portion 110, the second main reflecting portion 120, and the third main reflecting portion 130. However, the number of main reflection portions included in the reflection unit 100 is not limited to three. The reflecting means 100 may have, for example, a plurality of four or more main reflecting portions.

  Next, the reflecting means 1000 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 12. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the reflection means 1000. As shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an example of the configuration of the reflection means 1000. As shown in FIG. 10 and 11 are partial plan views showing another configuration example (a part of the reflecting means 1000) of the reflecting means 1000. FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of another configuration of the reflection means 1000. As shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the reflection means 1000 has three of the reflection means 100 described above, a main reflection part 31 (large main reflection part), and a sub reflection part 32 (large and sub reflection parts). .

  The main reflector 31 is formed of a paraboloid of revolution having a focal point f000. Further, as will be described later, through holes 311 are provided at positions in the main reflection portion 31 according to the positions where the sub reflection portions 32 are provided. By providing the through holes 311, for example, it is possible to cause the solar cell 21 to receive the sunlight reflected by the sub-reflecting portion 32 outside the reflecting means 1000. The sub-reflecting portion 32 is, for example, a convex mirror (may be a concave mirror) having a paraboloid of revolution, and has a focal point f000. That is, the sub-reflection portion 32 is arranged such that the focal point of the paraboloid of the sub-reflection portion 32 coincides with the focal point f000 of the main reflection portion 31. Also in the present embodiment, the means for arranging the sub-reflecting portion 32 at the above position is not particularly limited.

  Further, in the present embodiment, three reflection means 100 are provided. The reflecting means 100 is arranged, for example, such that the optical axis of the sub-reflecting portion 140 of the reflecting means 100 is in parallel with the optical axis of the main reflecting portion 31.

  Further, referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the reflecting means 100 is disposed in the vicinity of the sub-reflecting portion 32 on the same plane passing through the sub-reflecting portion 32. Specifically, for example, the three reflection means 100 are arranged on the same plane passing through the reflection part 32 so that a part of the reflection means 100 contacts the sub reflection part 32. In addition, the position which arrange | positions the reflection means 100 is not limited to the case shown by FIG. 8, FIG. The arrangement place of the reflection means 100 may not be in the vicinity of the sub reflection part 32, for example, and all the reflection means 100 may not be provided on the same plane. For example, the plurality of reflecting means 100 may be arranged hierarchically.

  As described above, when the three reflection means 100, the main reflection part 31, and the sub reflection part 32 are arranged, for example, part of sunlight incident on the reflection means 100 is the sub reflection part 140 of the reflection means 100. Is converted into sunlight parallel to the optical axis of (i.e., parallel to the optical axis of the main reflecting portion 31). Thereafter, the sunlight whose traveling direction has been converted by the reflection means 100 is incident on the main reflection portion 31 and is reflected toward the focal point f000 of the main reflection portion 31. Then, the sunlight reflected toward the focal point f000 is converted by the sub-reflection unit 32 into sunlight parallel to the optical axis of the sub-reflection unit 32 (the traveling direction is converted). As described above, according to the reflection unit 1000, after the traveling direction of the sunlight is adjusted by the reflection unit 100, the sunlight parallel to the optical axis of the sub-reflection unit 32 using the main reflection unit 31 and the sub-reflection unit 32. Change the direction of sunlight to be

  Thus, the reflection means 1000 has three reflection means 100, a main reflection part 31, and a sub reflection part 32. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to have the same effect as that of the reflection means 1 and the reflection means 100.

  In FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, there is a gap on the same plane having the three reflecting means 100. In such a gap (that is, the gap formed between the reflecting means 100 and the sub-reflecting portion 32), for example, a irregular reflecting means for irregularly reflecting incident sunlight may be installed.

  Further, FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the case where the reflecting unit 1000 includes three reflecting units 100. However, the number of reflection means 100 included in the reflection means 1000 is not limited to three. The reflecting means 1000 may have, for example, one or two reflecting means 100, and may have four or more reflecting means 100.

  For example, FIG. 10 shows an example of a state in which the reflecting means 1000 has a plurality of reflecting means 100. As shown in FIG. 10, the reflection means 1000 may be composed of a main reflection part 31, a sub reflection part 32, and a plurality of reflection means 100. As described above, when the reflecting unit 1000 includes the plurality of reflecting units 100, at least a part of the reflecting unit 100 is the other reflecting unit 100, the main reflection portion 31, or the sub-reflection unit 100. It may be desirable to place the part 32 in contact with any one or more of the parts 32.

  When the reflecting unit 1000 includes two or more reflecting units 100, the plurality of reflecting units 100 may be configured by, for example, a plurality of types of reflecting units 100 having different materials. For example, in the case shown in FIG. 11, the reflecting means 1000 has a plurality of reflecting means 100A, a plurality of reflecting means 100B, and a plurality of reflecting means 100C. The basic configuration of the reflecting means 100A, the reflecting means 100B and the reflecting means 100C is the same as that of the reflecting means 100, and the materials constituting them are different. Specifically, the reflecting means 100A, the reflecting means 100B and the reflecting means 100C are made of, for example, shape memory alloys having different transformation temperatures. For example, this configuration can widen the range of temperatures at which the reflection means 1000 can be used.

  In addition, in FIG. 11, it illustrated about the case where a raw material is changed for every reflection means 100. FIG. However, for example, as illustrated in the first embodiment, one reflecting means 100 may be made of a plurality of materials having different transformation temperatures. In addition, the two cases exemplified above may be combined.

  Moreover, in FIGS. 8-11, it illustrated about the case where the reflection means 1000 has the main reflection part 31, the sub reflection part 32, and the reflection means 100 which has three main reflection parts. However, the reflection means 1000 may be configured of, for example, the main reflection part 31, the sub reflection part 32, and the reflection means 100 having four or more main reflection parts. In addition, the reflection means 1000 may be configured of, for example, the main reflection portion 31, the sub reflection portion 32, and the reflection means 1.

  For example, FIG. 12 shows an example of the configuration of the reflection means 1000 configured of the main reflection portion 31, the sub reflection portion 32 and the plurality of reflection means 1. As shown in FIG. 12, the reflecting means 1000 can be composed of a main reflecting portion 31, an auxiliary reflecting portion 32 and a plurality of reflecting means 1. In the case of the reflecting means 1000 shown in FIG. 12, the length of the longest portion of the opening side end of the main reflecting portion 31 can be, for example, about 1 mm. The length of the longest portion of the opening-side end of the main reflection portion 31 may be other than the exemplified length, such as several cm or several m.

  As described above, the solar power generation apparatus may have the above-described reflection means 100, the reflection means 1000, and the like instead of the reflection means 1.

Third Embodiment
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 13 to FIG. In the third embodiment, application examples of the wave direction conversion device other than the solar power generation device will be described. In the present embodiment, the same configuration as the configuration described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment is given the same reference numeral, and has already been described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment. The description of the same configuration will be omitted. Further, each configuration described in the present embodiment may adopt the same modification as that of the first embodiment or the second embodiment. For example, below, it illustrates about the case where each wave direction conversion device has the reflection means 1. However, each wave direction conversion device described below may have the reflecting means 100 or the reflecting means 1000 instead of the reflecting means 1.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of the configuration of a sunlight utilizing illumination device, which is another application example of the wave direction conversion device. Referring to FIG. 13, the sunlight utilizing illumination device includes, for example, a reflection unit 1, a condenser lens 23, and an optical fiber 24. As in the first embodiment, the sunlight utilizing illumination device may not have the condenser lens 23, for example.

  In the example shown in FIG. 13, the reflection means 1 is installed, for example, on the roof of a building. Further, in the case of FIG. 13, the sunlight whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflecting portion 13 of the reflecting means 1 is transmitted to the inside of the building through the optical fiber 24.

  Further, at the inner side end of the optical fiber 24, a diffusion means 242 is installed. As described in the first embodiment, the diffusion means 242 is, for example, a diffusion lens. In the case of a sunlight utilizing illumination device, the diffusion means 242 functions as an illumination device (reception means) that diffuses the sunlight incident on the interior of the building.

  Thus, the wave direction conversion device can also be used as a sunlight utilizing illumination device. A solar-powered lighting device has the advantage of being able to reduce power supply costs as lighting that does not use electricity. Moreover, since sunlight is used as it is, the problem that color rendering property is inferior like LED (light emitting diode) does not arise, either. Therefore, the sunlight illumination device described in the present embodiment can be used, for example, as a lighting fixture of a facility where color reproduction by natural light is desired, such as a picture, a costume, and a cosmetic.

  In addition, in the case of a sunlight utilization illuminating device, as shown, for example in FIG. 13, you may provide the interruption | blocking means 243 which interrupts | blocks the light to transmit in one edge part among the optical fibers 24. FIG. The blocking means 243 is a mechanism for performing a shutter or an aperture (for example, an iris aperture). By providing the blocking means 243, for example, in a situation where light is not necessary, it is prevented that sunlight is transmitted to the inside of the building by the sunlight utilizing illumination device, and the amount of sunlight transmitted to the inside of the building (brightness ) Can be adjusted.

  The position where the blocking means 243 is provided is not limited to the case shown in FIG. The blocking means 243 can be provided, for example, at one of the transmission paths through which sunlight is transmitted, such as the end of the optical fiber 24 on the side of the reflecting means 1 and after the diffusing means 242. In other words, either the optical fiber 24 or the diffusing means 242 can be provided with the blocking means 243. In addition, a control mechanism (a light receiving element such as a selenium element or the like, a photosensitive sensor, etc. is included in the vicinity of the blocking means 243), for example, a mechanism for controlling the blocking means 243 according to the amount of light received You may set it.

  Further, for example, a solar cell may be formed in the blocking means 243. By forming a solar cell in the blocking means 243, for example, when it is necessary to brighten the room, sunlight is taken into the room by the optical fiber 24, and when it is not necessary to brighten the room, power generation is performed by the solar cell. It is possible to

  Moreover, a wave direction conversion apparatus is applicable other than a sunlight utilization illumination device. 14 and 15 show an example of the configuration of an antenna device which is another application example of the wave direction conversion device. Referring to FIG. 14, the antenna device includes, for example, a reflecting means 1 and a primary radiator 4 which is a receiving means.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the primary radiator 4 is disposed at a position according to the traveling direction of the radio wave reflected by the sub-reflection unit 13. In other words, the primary radiator 4 is provided instead of the solar cell 21 described in the first embodiment.

  As described above, by using the primary radiator 4, the wave direction conversion device can also be used as an antenna device. The primary radiator 4 may adopt a general configuration as a primary radiator. In addition, the primary radiator 4 may be provided with a converter or the like.

  Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the reflecting means 1 may be combined in three dimensions. FIG. 15 shows a configuration example of an antenna having reflecting means 1 corresponding to the upper direction, the right direction, and the left direction of FIG. 15, respectively. In the case shown in FIG. 15, sunlight emitted from each of the three reflecting means 1 is configured to be incident on one primary radiator 4 by using a reflecting plate 41 (for example, a reflecting mirror). Thus, the reflecting means 1 may be combined three-dimensionally. Note that FIG. 15 exemplifies a case where three reflection means 1 are combined in three dimensions. The reflecting means 1 may combine any two or more numbers three-dimensionally.

  Moreover, a wave direction conversion apparatus is applicable other than a sunlight utilization illumination device and an antenna apparatus. FIG. 16 shows an example of the configuration of a sound collector, which is another application example of the wave direction conversion device. Referring to FIG. 16, the sound collector includes, for example, a reflection means 1 and a sound guide tube 5 which is a reception means.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the sound guiding tube 5 is disposed at a position according to the traveling direction of the sound wave reflected by the sub-reflecting portion 13. In other words, instead of the solar cell 21 described in the first embodiment, the sound guiding tube 5 is provided.

  Thus, by using the sound guide tube 5, the wave direction conversion device can also be used as a sound collector. Such a sound collector can be used, for example, as a hearing aid. When the sound collector is used as a hearing aid, for example, an earphone or the like is installed at the tip of the sound guide tube 5. Also, the sound collector may be used, for example, as a helmet.

  Moreover, a wave direction conversion apparatus is applicable other than a sunlight utilization illumination apparatus, an antenna apparatus, and a sound collector. FIG. 17 is a microphone which is another application of the wave direction conversion device. Referring to FIG. 17, the microphone includes, for example, a reflection unit 1 and a signal converter 6 which is a reception unit.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the signal converter 6 is disposed at a position according to the traveling direction of the sound wave reflected by the sub-reflection unit 13. In other words, the signal converter 6 is provided instead of the solar cell 21 described in the first embodiment.

  The signal converter 6 converts the input acoustic signal (sound wave) into an electrical signal, and converts the electrical signal into an acoustic signal. The signal converter 6 includes, for example, a diaphragm 61, a coil 62 fixed to the diaphragm 61, and a magnet 63. The signal converter 6 generates an electrical signal by the coil 62 and the magnet 63 according to the vibration of the diaphragm 61 generated according to the input acoustic signal, and vibrates the diaphragm 61 by the current flowing through the coil 62. Generate an acoustic signal. Thus, the signal converter 6 can have a general configuration for converting sound and electrical signals. The configuration of the signal converter 6 may be other than those exemplified above.

  As described above, by using the signal converter 6, the wave direction conversion device can also be used as a microphone. The signal converter 6 may be connected to the reflection means 1 via the above-described sound guiding tube 5.

  The wave direction conversion device may be combined with a predetermined sound absorbing material (receiving means) and used as a sound collector that can be implemented as a noise countermeasure. The wave direction conversion device may be configured to, for example, combine a reflection plate or the like so as to release the sound in a direction with less influence.

  As described above, the wave direction conversion device can convert the direction of waves to any direction, and thus can be applied to various devices. The wave direction conversion device may be used for purposes other than those exemplified above. The wave direction conversion device may be used, for example, as a propulsion mechanism that emits sunlight toward the solar sail. In addition, the wave direction conversion device is mounted on, for example, an artificial satellite, and emits sunlight to a predetermined point such as an artificial satellite or space station located in a shadow of the earth, or any point on the earth And can also be configured to receive the emitted sunlight. In this case, one of the emitting side and the receiving side may be determined by another method.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated with reference to said each embodiment, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above. Various modifications that can be understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 reflection means 11 first main reflection portion 12 second main reflection portion 13 sub reflection portion 13A sub reflection portion 100 reflection means 110 first main reflection portion 120 second main reflection portion 130 third main reflection portion 140 Sub-reflecting portion 141 Supporting portion 1000 Reflecting means 21 Solar cell 22 Casing 221 Transmitting portion 23 Condensing lens 24 Optical fiber 241 Filter 242 Diffusing means 243 Shielding means 31 Main reflecting portion 311 Through hole 32 Sub reflecting portion 4 Primary radiator 41 Reflection Plate 5 Sound conduction tube 6 Signal converter 61 Diaphragm 62 Coil 63 Magnet

Claims (9)

It has at least one focal point and a first main reflecting portion constituted by at least a portion of the first spheroid, and a second main reflecting portion constituted by at least a portion of the second spheroid. And (c) a reflecting means including a sub-reflecting portion constituted by a curved surface,
The first main reflection portion and the second main reflection portion are ones of two focal points of two focal points of the first spheroid and two focal points of the second spheroid. It is arranged to have a common focus in line with one of the
The wave direction conversion device, wherein the sub-reflecting portion is arranged such that at least one of the focal points of the curved surface coincides with the common focal point. A wave direction changing device according to claim 1, wherein
The first main reflection portion and the second main reflection portion are arranged to reflect the wave incident on the first main reflection portion and the second main reflection portion toward the sub reflection portion. ,
The sub-reflecting portion is arranged to convert the traveling direction of the wave incident from the first main reflecting portion and the second main reflecting portion,
A wave direction conversion device, comprising: receiving means for receiving a wave whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflecting portion. The wave direction conversion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The transmission means includes: transmission means for transmitting a wave whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflecting portion; and reception means for receiving the wave whose traveling direction has been converted by the sub-reflection portion.
The wave direction conversion device, wherein the receiving means is arranged to receive a wave via the transmission means. A wave direction changing device according to claim 3, wherein
A plurality of the reflection means,
The wave direction conversion device, wherein the receiving means is arranged to receive a wave transmitted from each of a plurality of the reflecting means via the transmitting means. The wave direction conversion device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein
The receiving means is a solar cell,
The solar cell is arranged to receive light transmitted from the reflection means via the optical fiber which is the transmission means. Wave direction conversion device. The wave direction conversion device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein
The receiving means is a diffusing means for diffusing light which is a wave,
The transmitting means or the receiving means may include blocking means for blocking light.
The shielding means is provided with a solar cell. A wave direction conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
The reflecting means includes a third main reflecting portion composed of at least a part of a third spheroid,
A wave direction conversion device, wherein the third main reflection portion is arranged such that a focal point of one of two focal points of the third spheroid coincides with the common focal point. The wave direction conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein
A plurality of the reflecting means,
A major main reflector composed of a paraboloid of revolution;
A major / sub reflective portion composed of a paraboloid of revolution and disposed at a position common to the major main reflective portion,
Have
The wave direction conversion device, wherein the reflection means is disposed such that the optical axis of the sub reflection part of the reflection means is parallel to the optical axis of the large main reflection part. A wave direction conversion method performed in the wave direction conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein
The plurality of main reflection portions reflect the wave incident on the main reflection portion toward the sub reflection portion,
The wave direction conversion method, wherein the sub-reflecting portion converts the traveling direction of the wave incident from the plurality of main reflection portions.

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