JP2019059102A - Powder for laminate molding, three-dimensional molding material set, three-dimensional molding device and three-dimensional molding - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a powder for laminate molding that gives a three-dimensional molding, where, the three-dimensional molding shows improved tensile strength in lamination direction compared to the case where spherical particles are used as the powder for laminate molding.SOLUTION: A powder for laminate molding contains at least one of bar-shaped particles with the ratio between a minor axis a1 and a major axis b1 (b1/a1) of 3.0 or more, and tabular particles with the ratio between an equivalent circle diameter a2 and a thickness b2 (a2/b2) of 0.4 or less. The powder for laminate molding preferably contains bar-shaped particles with the b1 of 20 μm-150 μm.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a powder for layered manufacturing, a material set for three-dimensional modeling, a three-dimensional modeling apparatus, and a three-dimensional model.

Conventionally, layers of the powder for layered modeling are bonded with a binder in accordance with cross-sectional shapes obtained by cutting a three-dimensional object to be formed by a plurality of parallel surfaces, and the cross-sectional shapes formed of the bonded layers are sequentially stacked There is known a technique for producing a three-dimensional structure which is to be a three-dimensional model of an object to be formed.
The above-mentioned technology is also referred to as three-dimensional shaping by a powder adhering and laminating method.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that “an ink supply unit capable of supplying an ink whose degree of curing changes with the application of an external stimulus to the working surface is provided, and the external stimulus is applied to the ink supplied to the working surface. A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, which is performed in a three-dimensional printer to be applied, comprising: installing a frame formed along a contour of the three-dimensional structure on a work surface; A lowermost layer ink supply process in which the ink supply unit supplies the ink to the inside of the body and the work surface; a reinforcement member installation process in which a reinforcement member is superimposed on the ink supplied to the inside of the frame; After the reinforcement member installation step, the ink supply portion supplies the ink to the inside of the frame and on the reinforcement member, and after the upper layer ink supply step and the upper layer ink supply step, the ink is supplied to the inside of the frame External to the ink Method for producing three-dimensional shaped object, characterized in that it comprises a curing step of curing by applying a stimulus, a. "Is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 describes “an inorganic pigment ink containing an inorganic pigment comprising non-spherical particles having a particle diameter of 1 to 10 μm and a substantially flat surface shape as a color material, and the inorganic pigment is An inorganic pigment ink characterized by having high color saturation by being covered with a transparent continuous layer formed of a solidifiable material is disclosed.

  Patent Document 3 describes “a particle comprising a core-shell type particle comprising a core particle containing a first binder resin and a filler, and a shell which is present on the surface of the core particle and contains a second binder resin. A powder for laminate molding, having a diameter distribution Dv / Dn of at most 1.5, and an average circularity of from 0.800 to 0.980 as represented by the following equation: average circularity = (particle projection "Birth of circle of same area as area / perimeter of particle projection image) x 100" is disclosed.

JP, 2016-036983, A Patent No. 2001-354877 JP, 2016-040121, A

In three-dimensional modeling by a powder fixed lamination method, spherical particles may be used as a powder for lamination modeling.
Thus, when spherical particles are used, the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure may be low.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a powder for laminate molding which is excellent in tensile strength in the laminate direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure as compared to the case where spherical particles are used as the powder for laminate molding. .

  The above-mentioned subject is solved by the following means. That is,

The invention according to claim 1 is
Rod-like particles having a ratio b1 / a1 of minor axis a1 to major axis b1 of 3.0 or more, and plate-like particles having a ratio b2 / a2 of equivalent circle diameter a2 to thickness b2 of 0.4 or less At least one of
Powder for layered manufacturing.

The invention according to claim 2 is
The powder for laminate modeling according to claim 1, comprising the rod-like particles having a major axis b1 of 20 μm to 150 μm.

The invention according to claim 3 is
The powder for laminate molding according to claim 2, wherein the rod-like particles are glass fibers.

The invention according to claim 4 is
The laminate molding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total content of the rod-like particles and the plate-like particles is 90% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the layered molding powder. Powder.

The invention according to claim 5 is
The powder for laminate molding according to claim 4, wherein the porosity is 40% or more.

The invention according to claim 6 is
The cross-section in the stacking direction, the standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the plane direction of the plate-like particles and the stacking direction is 45 ° or less. Powder for layered manufacturing.

The invention according to claim 7 is
The layered molding powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and
And forming ink
Material set for 3D modeling.

The invention according to claim 8 is
The three-dimensional modeling material set according to claim 7, wherein the modeling ink comprises two types of two-component curing type of modeling ink.

The invention according to claim 9 is
A powder storage tank for modeling, which contains the powder for layered modeling according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A layer forming unit that accommodates the layered molding powder and supplies the layered molding powder to the modeling powder storage tank to form a layered molding powder layer;
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus comprising: a shaping ink; and applying means for applying the shaping ink to the layer for the layered modeling powder.

The invention according to claim 10 is
The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising two applying means for applying two types of two-liquid curing type of forming ink as the applying means.
The invention according to claim 11 is
The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising a support material ink application unit that stores the support material ink and applies the support material ink.
The invention according to claim 12 is
The layered molding powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and
A three-dimensional structure containing a resin.

The invention according to claim 13 is
The three-dimensional structure according to claim 12, wherein the content of the powder for layered formation is 50% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less based on the total mass of the three-dimensional structure.

The invention according to claim 14 is
The standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the planar direction of the plate-like particles and the stacking direction is 45 ° or less in the cross section in the stacking direction. The three-dimensional structure according to 13.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a powder for laminate molding which is excellent in tensile strength in the laminate direction of the three-dimensional structure as compared with the case where spherical particles are used as the powder for laminate molding.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a powder for layered modeling which is excellent in tensile strength in the stacking direction of a three-dimensional structure in comparison with the case of using rod-like particles having a major diameter b1 of 20 μm or less. .

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, the powder for lamination modeling excellent in the tensile strength of the lamination direction of a three-dimensional structure is provided compared with the case where the said rod-shaped particle | grain is a plastic fiber.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, compared with the case where the sum total content of the said rod-shaped particle and the said plate-shaped particle is 50 mass% with respect to the total mass of the powder for layered modeling, three-dimensional shaping | molding Provided is a layered molding powder excellent in tensile strength in the stacking direction of objects.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, the powder for lamination | stacking modeling excellent in the tensile strength of the lamination direction of a three-dimensional modeling thing compared with the case where the porosity is 30% is provided.

  According to the invention of claim 6, compared with the case where the standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles and the stacking direction is more than 45 °, the three-dimensional object There is provided a powder for laminate molding excellent in tensile strength in the laminating direction.

  According to the invention as set forth in claim 7, for three-dimensional modeling, in which a three-dimensional model having excellent tensile strength in the stacking direction of the three-dimensional model is obtained as compared to the case where spherical powder is included as the powder for layered modeling. A set of materials is provided.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a material set for three-dimensional shaping which is excellent in storage stability of the shaping ink as compared with the case of including the one-component curing type shaping ink.

  According to the invention as set forth in claim 9, a three-dimensional modeling apparatus capable of obtaining a three-dimensional model having excellent tensile strength in the stacking direction of the three-dimensional model as compared to the case where spherical powder is included as the powder for layered modeling. Is provided.

  According to the invention as set forth in claim 10, there is provided a three-dimensional shaping apparatus which is superior in storage stability of the shaping ink as compared with the case of having the applying means for applying the one-liquid curing type shaping ink as the applying means. Ru.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 11, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus which implement | achieves formation of a support part in three-dimensional modeling is provided.

  According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, a three-dimensional structure excellent in tensile strength in the stacking direction is provided as compared to the case where spherical powder is included as the powder for layered formation.

  According to the invention as set forth in claim 13, compared to the case where the content of the powder for layered modeling is 75% by mass with respect to the total mass of the three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional excellent in the tensile strength in the laminating direction A shaped object is provided.

  According to the invention of claim 14, compared with the case where the standard deviation of the angle formed by the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles and the stacking direction exceeds 45 °, the tensile strength for various angles can be obtained. An excellent three-dimensional structure is provided.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the rod-shaped particle | grains which concern on this embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the plate-shaped particle which concerns on this embodiment. It is the schematic which shows an example of the three-dimensional shaping apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is the schematic which shows another example of the three-dimensional shaping apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is the schematic showing the modeling part and support part in the three-dimensional molded article produced in the Example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment which is an example of the present invention will be described.
In addition, the same code | symbol may be provided to the member which has a substantially the same function through all the drawings, and the overlapping description may be abbreviate | omitted suitably.

(Powder for layered manufacturing)
The powder for laminate molding according to this embodiment has rod-like particles having a ratio b1 / a1 of a minor axis a1 to a major axis b1 of 3.0 or more, and a ratio b2 / a2 of a circle equivalent diameter a2 to a thickness b2 Contains at least one of plate-like particles having a value of 0.4 or less.

In three-dimensional modeling by a powder fixed lamination method, spherical particles may be used as a powder for lamination modeling.
Thus, when spherical particles are used, the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure may be low. In the present embodiment, the stacking direction is a direction in which a plurality of layers are stacked in the layered manufacturing method.
This is because the particles contained in the powder for layered modeling are spherical, so that the particles are difficult to penetrate through the layer in the stacking direction in the three-dimensional structure, and the peeling of the layers formed by the three-dimensional modeling is suppressed. It is considered to be difficult to do.

On the other hand, when the powder for laminate molding according to the present embodiment is used, the tensile strength in the lamination direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure is excellent.
This is a rod-like particle having a ratio b1 / a1 of minor axis a1 to major axis b1 of 3.0 or more, or a plate having a ratio b2 / a2 of circle equivalent diameter a2 to thickness b2 of 0.4 or less It is thought that this is because peeling of the layers formed by three-dimensional modeling is suppressed by penetrating the layers in the stacking direction into the three-dimensional structure through the layers in the stacking direction.

In addition, by using the powder for lamination molding according to the present embodiment, the powder for lamination molding is less likely to move even when the ink is dropped in a large amount, as compared with the case of using the powder for lamination molding of spheres. Therefore, it is considered that the collapse of the ink does not easily occur, and the forming speed of the three-dimensional structure is easily increased.
Furthermore, since the amount of voids in the powder is larger than when spherical powder is used, for example, even if two types of modeling ink are dropped on the same portion, overflow of the ink is less likely to occur, and the two-component curing type ink It is thought that it is easy to
Hereinafter, the details of the powder for laminate molding according to the present embodiment will be described.

<Shape>
The powder for laminate molding according to this embodiment has rod-like particles having a ratio b1 / a1 of a minor axis a1 to a major axis b1 of 3.0 or more, and a ratio b2 / a2 of a circle equivalent diameter a2 to a thickness b2 Contains at least one of plate-like particles having a value of 0.4 or less.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the rod-like particles.
In FIG. 1, a1 corresponds to the minor diameter a1, and the major diameter b1 in FIG. 1 corresponds to the major diameter b1.
The ratio b1 / a1 of the minor axis a1 to the major axis b1 is 3.0 or more, and from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the lamination direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure and improving the resolution in three-dimensional formation, It is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 5 or more.
The rod-like particle long diameter b1 is preferably 20 μm or more and 150 μm or less, more preferably 30 μm or more and 100 μm or less, from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure. More preferably, the thickness is 90 μm or less.
The minor axis a1 and the major axis b1 are measured by microscopically observing the layered molding powder. Specifically, the sample was cooled after cooling in liquid nitrogen, or an epoxy resin-embedded sample piece was cut off under a stereomicroscope or attached to a microtome body, or prepared by cross-sectional milling using an ion beam. It is measured by microscopic observation of the cross section.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the plate-like particles.
In FIG. 2, a2 corresponds to the equivalent circle diameter a2, and b2 in FIG. 2 corresponds to the thickness b2.
Ratio b2 / a2 of circle equivalent diameter a2 and thickness b2 is 0.4 or less, from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength of the lamination direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure, it is preferable that it is 0.4 or less And 0.3 or less are more preferable.
In addition, the equivalent circle diameter a2 of the plate-like particles is 3 μm or more and 100 μm or less from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure and improving the resolution in three-dimensional formation. The thickness is preferably 5 μm to 50 μm, and more preferably 8 μm to 30 μm.
The equivalent circle diameter a2 and the thickness b2 are measured by microscopically observing the layered molding powder. Specifically, the sample was cooled after cooling in liquid nitrogen, or an epoxy resin-embedded sample piece was cut off under a stereomicroscope or attached to a microtome body, or prepared by cross-sectional milling using an ion beam. It is measured by microscopic observation of the cross section.

<Material>
The material of the rod-like particles is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure, metal (for example, nickel, silver or copper) iron, attapulgite, carbon or glass Is preferable, and glass fiber is more preferable.
The rod-like particles are, for example, commercially available glass fibers (glass fibers), carbon fibers (carbon fibers) or the like using a crusher until the ratio b1 / a1 of the minor axis a1 to the major axis b1 falls within the above range It is obtained by crushing. After pulverization, particles which are not included in the above range may be removed by sieving or the like.
The material of the plate-like particles is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the laminating direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure, metal, carbon or glass is preferable.
The plate-like particles are not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure, talc, kaolin, mica, boron nitride is preferable, and talc or mica is preferable. Things are more preferable. Talc is a layered mineral, mined in the form of stones, and has cleavage properties, so it can be obtained by crushing mined minerals.

<Content>
The total content of the rod-like particles and the plate-like particles in the powder for laminate molding according to the present embodiment is the total content of the powder for laminate molding from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the lamination direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure. It is preferable that it is 70 to 95 mass% with respect to mass, and it is more preferable that it is 75 to 90 mass%.
In addition, the content of the rod-like particles in the powder for lamination molding according to the present embodiment is 75 with respect to the total mass of the powder for lamination molding from the viewpoint of improving the tensile strength in the lamination direction of the obtained three-dimensional structure. It is preferable that it is mass% or more and 90 mass% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 80 mass% or more and 90 mass% or less.

<Other ingredients>
The powder for laminate modeling according to the present embodiment may further contain other components.
As other components, the well-known component contained in the powder for lamination modeling in three-dimensional modeling by the powder adhering and laminating method is mentioned.

<Void ratio>
The porosity of the powder for layered formation according to the present embodiment is preferably 40% or more, and more preferably 60% or more, from the viewpoint of facilitating dropping of a two-component curing type forming ink described later.
The upper limit of the porosity is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50% or less from the viewpoint of improving the forming speed.
The above-mentioned porosity is a value obtained by dividing the weight calculated from the volume of the container and the density of the compound part constituting the powder from the weight obtained by filling the powder in a certain container while applying vibration and dividing it from 1 Measured by value.
Moreover, it is preferable that the said porosity is a porosity of the powder for lamination modeling before a modeling ink in the powder storage tank for modeling mentioned later is dripped.

<Angle>
In the powder for layered modeling according to the present embodiment, the standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the planar direction of the plate-like particles and the lamination direction is 60 in the cross section in the lamination direction. It is preferable that the angle be not more than 45 °, and more preferably 45 ° or less.
According to the aspect, since the powder for layered manufacturing passes through layers at various angles, the tensile strength of the three-dimensional structure with respect to the force of various angles is likely to be improved.
The standard deviation of the angle is determined by breaking the sample after cooling in liquid nitrogen, cutting off an epoxy resin-embedded sample piece under a stereomicroscope or as it is attached to the microtome body, or cross-sectional milling using an ion beam. The angle of each particle is measured and calculated by microscopic observation of the produced cross section and image processing.

(Material set for 3D modeling)
The material set for three-dimensional formation according to the present embodiment includes the powder for layered formation according to the present embodiment and a formation ink.

<Forming ink>
As a modeling ink used in this embodiment, a known modeling ink used in three-dimensional modeling by a powder adhering and laminating method is used without particular limitation.
From the viewpoint of storage stability of the forming ink, the forming ink used in the present embodiment preferably includes two types of forming ink of two-component curing type.
Two types of two-component curing type of forming ink are two types of forming ink consisting of a first forming ink and a second forming ink, and mixing the first forming ink and the second forming ink Refers to a shaped ink having the property of being cured by
According to the powder for lamination molding according to the present embodiment, the porosity in the powder for lamination molding tends to be higher than in the case of using the powder for lamination molding containing only spherical particles, so per unit volume. It is easy to increase the amount of forming ink to be dropped, and it is easy to use two types of forming ink of two-component curing type.
As two types of two-component curing type of forming ink, for example, a two-component curing forming ink for forming an epoxy resin, a two-component curing forming ink for forming an urethane resin, and a two-component curing forming ink for forming a UV curable resin are mentioned. Be

  As a two-component curing type forming ink for forming an epoxy resin, for example, a first forming ink containing an epoxy resin having a plurality of epoxy groups such as novolak type epoxy resin, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, water-based epoxy resin, etc. And a second shaping ink containing a curing agent such as polyamide or imidazole.

  As a two-component curing type forming ink for urethane resin formation, for example, a first forming ink containing a resin having a plurality of hydroxy groups such as a polyol resin, and a second forming ink containing a polyfunctional isocyanate compound There are various types of modeling inks.

  As a two-component curable type forming ink for forming a UV curable resin, for example, a first forming ink having a plurality of (meth) acryloxy groups such as urethane acrylate and a second containing a polymerization initiator such as a photopolymerization initiator There are two types of modeling ink: modeling ink.

In addition, the material set for three-dimensional modeling according to the present embodiment may contain a support material ink.
It does not specifically limit as a support material ink, The well-known support material ink used in three-dimensional shaping | molding by a powder adhesion | stacking lamination method is used without a restriction | limiting especially.
The support material ink is used to form a support portion for supporting a shaped portion formed by the shaping ink. From the viewpoint that the support portion is preferably removed using water after completion of modeling, the support material ink is preferably a curable ink, and the resin after curing is a water-soluble ink Is preferred.
In the present embodiment, water solubility means dissolving by 0.5% by mass or more in distilled water at 25 ° C., and dissolution by 1% by mass or more is preferable.
As the support material ink, for example, an ink containing hydroxyethyl acrylamide and a photopolymerization initiator is preferable, and an ink containing hydroxyethyl acrylamide, a hydroxy group-modified castor oil, and a photopolymerization initiator is more preferable.

(3D modeling device)
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a powder storage tank for modeling, which stores the powder for layered modeling according to the present embodiment, and the powder for layered modeling, which stores the powder for layered modeling. It includes a layer forming means which is supplied to a tank to form a layer of a powder for layered modeling, and a applying means for storing a modeling ink and for applying the modeling ink to the layer of the powder for layered modeling.

Powder storage tank for modeling
The powder storage tank for modeling accommodates the powder for laminate modeling according to the present embodiment. A three-dimensional object is manufactured by repeating forming a layer of the powder for layered modeling by the layer forming unit and applying a forming ink by the application unit to the powder storage tank for formation. Ru.

<Layer formation means>
The layer forming means is a means for accommodating the powder for laminate modeling according to the present embodiment, and forming the powder layer for laminate modeling in the powder storage tank for modeling using the powder for laminate modeling.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a method to form the powder layer for layered modeling, For example, the method using the well-known counter rotation mechanism (counter roller) etc. which are used for the selective laser sintering method of patent 3607300 gazette A method of spreading the layered molding powder in layers using a member such as a brush, a roller, or a blade, a method of pressing the surface of the layered molding powder layer using a pressing member to spread layers, The method using an apparatus etc. are mentioned suitably.

  The material laminating and forming apparatus includes a leveling mechanism (recoater) for laminating the powder for lamination, a powder storage tank for supply for supplying the powder for lamination, and a molding for laminating the powder for lamination and forming And a powder storage tank. In the three-dimensional modeling apparatus, the surface of the powder storage tank for supply may be raised by raising the powder storage tank for supply, lowering the powder storage tank for formation, or both. Raise slightly above the surface of the. After the rise, the layered powder is arranged in layers from the supply powder storage tank side to the shaping powder storage tank using the recoater. The laminate molding powder is laminated by repeatedly moving the recoater.

The thickness of the powder layer for layered modeling is preferably 10 μm to 200 μm, and more preferably 20 μm to 100 μm, as the average thickness per one layer.
The productivity of a three-dimensional structure improves that the said average thickness is 10 micrometers or more, and the dimensional accuracy of a three-dimensional structure improves that it is 200 micrometers or less.

<Applying means>
The application means is a means for containing the forming ink and applying the forming ink to the layer for the layered form powder.
Examples of the method for applying the buildup ink to the layer for the layered buildup powder include liquid discharge means used in a dispenser method, a spray method, an inkjet method, and the like. In the present embodiment, droplets can be discharged from a plurality of nozzles using liquid discharge means used in the inkjet method, for example, a vibration element such as a piezoelectric actuator, in that complicated three-dimensional shapes can be formed accurately and efficiently. Preferably means for
Moreover, it is preferable that the three-dimensional shaping apparatus which concerns on this embodiment has two application | coating means which each apply | coats 2 types of modeling ink of 2 liquid hardening type as said application | coating means.
For example, in the case of using the above-described two-component curing type of two-component curable ink as the component ink, the positions at which the first ink and the second ink are mixed from the respective applying means (for example, an inkjet head) It is dripped into.

<Support material ink application means>
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment may accommodate the support material ink and may further include a support material ink application unit.
The support material ink applying unit is not particularly limited, and the same method as the above-described applying unit is used, and the preferable embodiment is also the same.

<Other means>
The three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment may further include other means.
Other means include curing means, surface protection means, coating means and the like.

[Curing means]
Although it does not specifically limit as a hardening means, For example, the means which heats, the means which irradiates an ultraviolet light, etc. are mentioned.
For example, in the case of using the above-described two-component curable type forming ink for forming a UV curable resin as a forming ink, or using an ink containing a photopolymerization initiator as a support material ink, The drops of each ink in the layer are cured.
It does not specifically limit as a heating method and the irradiation method of an ultraviolet light, A well-known method is used.

[Surface protection means]
The surface protection means is a means for forming a protective layer on the shaped object formed in the application step. By forming the protective layer, the durability and the like of the obtained three-dimensional structure are improved. Specific examples of the protective layer include a water resistant layer, a weather resistant layer, a light resistant layer, a heat insulating layer, and a gloss layer. As said surface protection means, well-known surface protection apparatuses, for example, a spray apparatus, a coating apparatus, etc. are mentioned.

[Painting means]
The painting means is a means for painting the shaped object. The three-dimensional structure obtained is colored by the said coating.
As said coating means, the coating apparatus by well-known coating apparatus, for example, a spray, a roller, a brush etc., etc. are mentioned.

<Example of device>
Hereinafter, the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment.

The three-dimensional shaping apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a shaping powder storage tank 1 and a supply powder storage tank 2. Each of these reservoirs stores the layered modeling powder 10 according to the present embodiment, has a stage 3 moved up and down, and a layer formed of the layered modeling powder 10 according to the present embodiment on the stage Form.
On the powder storage tank 1 for formation, the inkjet head 5 which discharges a formation ink to the powder 10 for layered formation in the powder storage tank 1 for formation has the powder storage tank 2 for powder formation from the supply powder storage tank 2 further. It has the leveling mechanism 6 which levels the layer surface of the powder 10 for lamination modeling of the powder storage tank 1 for modeling while supplying the powder 10 for lamination modeling to the tank 1.

In the production of a three-dimensional structure, the forming ink 4 is dropped from the inkjet head 5 onto the layered forming powder 10 of the forming powder storage tank 1. At this time, the position at which the forming ink 4 is dropped is determined by two-dimensional image data (slice data) obtained by slicing a three-dimensional shape which is finally desired to be formed into a plurality of plane layers.
Here, in the case of using the above-mentioned two types of two-component curing type of forming ink as the forming ink, the first ink and the second ink are dropped from the respective inkjet heads at positions where they are mixed.
After drawing of one layer is completed, the stage 3 of the powder storage tank 2 for supply is raised, and the stage 3 of the powder storage tank 1 for modeling is lowered. The layered molding powder 10 of the difference is moved to the shaping powder storage tank 1 by the leveling mechanism 6.

Thus, on the layer surface of the powder for layered modeling 10 drawn previously, a new layer of powder for layered modeling 10 is formed.
A drawing based on the slice data of the second layer is further performed on the 10 layers of the new layered modeling powder, and this series of processes is repeated to obtain a three-dimensional structure.

  In FIG. 1, the powder storage tank 1 for formation is an example of the powder storage tank for formation in the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to this embodiment, the powder storage tank 2 for supply, the stage 3 and the leveling mechanism 6 are examples of layer forming means The shaping ink 4 and the inkjet head 5 respectively correspond to an example of the ink application unit.

<Another example of device>
FIG. 4 shows another example of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus according to the present embodiment. The three-dimensional shaping apparatus of FIG. 4 is basically the same as that of FIG. 3, but the supply mechanism of the three-dimensional shaping apparatus is different. That is, the supply powder storage tank 2 is disposed above the shaping powder storage tank 1. When the first layer drawing is finished, the stage 3 of the shaping powder storage tank 1 descends, and while the supply powder storage tank 2 moves, the layered molding powder 10 is dropped to the shaping powder storage tank 1, and new 10 layers of powder for layered modeling are formed. Thereafter, the layering powder 10 layers are compressed by the leveling mechanism 6 to increase the bulk density, and the heights of the layering powder 10 layers are leveled to be nearly uniform.
According to the material lamination molding apparatus of the structure shown in FIG. 4, an apparatus becomes small compared with the structure of FIG. 1 which arranges two storage tanks planarly.

(Three-dimensional model)
The three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment includes the powder for laminate modeling according to the present embodiment and a resin.
The three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment is preferably formed by the three-dimensional structure forming device according to the present embodiment.
For example, the three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment is obtained by removing the support portion formed of the support material using water with respect to the structure formed by the three-dimensional structure forming device according to the present embodiment. . After removal of the support portion, the polymerizable compound remaining in the shaped article may be polymerized by heating or the like.
The resin is preferably a cured product of the shaping ink used in the present embodiment.
The shape and material of the powder for layered formation included in the three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment are the same as the shape and material of the powder for layered formation according to the present embodiment described above, and preferred embodiments are also the same.

  In the three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment, the content of the powder for layered formation is 50% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the three-dimensional structure from the viewpoint of the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the three-dimensional structure. It is preferable that it is mass% or less, and it is more preferable that they are 55 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less.

In the three-dimensional structure according to the present embodiment, the standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the planar direction of the plate-like particles and the stacking direction in the cross section in the stacking direction is And 60 ° or less are preferable, and 45 ° or less is more preferable.
The standard deviation is calculated by the same method as the standard deviation of the powder for layered production described above.

  Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described in detail by way of examples, but the present embodiment is not limited to these examples. In the following description, "parts" and "%" are all based on mass unless otherwise noted.

(Production of powder 1 for layered modeling)
A powder for layered modeling 1 was obtained by Milled Fiber EFDE 30-01 manufactured by Central Glass Fibers.

(Production of powder 2 for layered modeling)
A powder for layered modeling 1 was obtained by Milled fiber EFH 150-01 manufactured by Central Glass Fibers.

(Production of powder 3 for layered modeling)
Powder 1 for laminate molding was obtained by Microace K-1 manufactured by Nippon Talc.

(Production of powder 1 for comparative layered molding)
The powder 1 for layered modeling for comparison was obtained from alumina AO-509 manufactured by Admatex.

  Table 1 shows the characteristics of each layered molding powder and each comparative layered molding powder.

(Preparation of modeling ink)
The 1st modeling ink and the 2nd modeling ink were prepared by mixing each component of the following composition.

<First modeling ink>
・ 2,2 '-[(1-methylethylidene) bis (4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)] bis-oxirane (Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether manufactured by Funakoshi Co., Ltd.): 20 parts ・ 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether (Yotsukaichi Synthesis Co., Ltd.) Epogose HD (D): 30 parts · butyl glycidyl ether (DY-BP manufactured by Yokkaichi Gosei Co., Ltd.): 50 parts

<Second modeling ink>
Polyoxyalkylenediamine (Mitsubishi Chemical Fine Co., Ltd., bifunctional D2000): 35 parts Norbornanediamine (Mitsui Chemical Fine Co., Ltd. NBDA): 60 parts dimethylaminopropylamine (Mitsui Chemical Fine Co., Ltd. epoxy resin curing accelerator): 5 parts

(Preparation of modeling ink)
The support material ink was prepared by mixing each component of the following composition.

<Support material ink>
Polyethylene oxide (Alcox R-150 manufactured by Meisei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.): 30 parts Propylene glycol (manufactured by Shonan Wako Co., Ltd.): 15 parts Distilled water: 55 parts

(Production of a three-dimensional object)
A three-dimensional structure was produced according to the following (1) to (3).
(1) Using the powder laminating apparatus (Niigata Co., Ltd., a jig for powder) shown in FIG. 1, the powder for lamination modeling in each example or comparative example from the powder storage tank for supply to the powder storage tank for shaping The layer was transferred to form a layer for laminate molding powder having an average thickness of 100 μm.
(2) Next, the first shaping ink, the second shaping ink, and the support material ink are formed on the surface of the layer of the layered molding powder that has been formed into the shape shown in FIG. It applied (discharged) from a nozzle using the product made by Dimatics, Polaris PQ512 / 85, and hardened the said powder for layered modeling.
In FIG. 5, in the layer of the powder 10 for layered modeling, the shaping portion A is a portion to which the first shaping ink and the second shaping ink are applied, and the support portion B is a portion to which the support material ink is applied.
(3) Next, the above-mentioned operations (1) and (2) were repeated until the total average thickness of 3 mm was achieved, and layers of the layered molding powder cured were sequentially laminated to produce a three-dimensional object. . With respect to the obtained three-dimensional structure, a cylindrical three-dimensional structure is obtained by removing the support portion formed of the support material ink using water.

(Evaluation)
In each of Examples and Comparative Examples, the obtained three-dimensional structure was pulled in the stacking direction using a tensile compression tester manufactured by Imada Co., Ltd., and the breaking strength in the stacking direction was measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. It can be said that the greater the numerical value of the breaking strength, the better the tensile strength in the stacking direction of the three-dimensional structure.
In addition, the content of the powder for layered modeling in the obtained three-dimensional structure, the standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the plane direction of the plate-like particles, and the stacking direction, Was measured by the above-mentioned method and listed in Table 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Powder storage tank for modeling 2 Powder storage tank for supply 3 Stage 4 Modeling ink 5 Ink jet head 6 Leveling mechanism 10 Powder for layered modeling 100 Three-dimensional modeling apparatus A Modeling part a1 Short diameter a1
a2 equivalent circle diameter a1
B Support section b1 Long diameter b1
b2 thickness b2

Claims (14)

Rod-like particles having a ratio b1 / a1 of minor axis a1 to major axis b1 of 3.0 or more, and plate-like particles having a ratio b2 / a2 of equivalent circle diameter a2 to thickness b2 of 0.4 or less At least one of
Powder for layered manufacturing.   The powder for laminate modeling according to claim 1, comprising the rod-like particles having a major axis b1 of 20 μm to 150 μm.   The powder for laminate molding according to claim 2, wherein the rod-like particles are glass fibers.   The laminate molding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total content of the rod-like particles and the plate-like particles is 90% by mass or more with respect to the total mass of the layered molding powder. Powder.   The powder for laminate molding according to claim 4, wherein the porosity is 40% or more.   The cross-section in the stacking direction, the standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the plane direction of the plate-like particles and the stacking direction is 45 ° or less. Powder for layered manufacturing. The layered molding powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and
And forming ink
Material set for 3D modeling.   The three-dimensional modeling material set according to claim 7, wherein the modeling ink comprises two types of two-component curing type of modeling ink. A powder storage tank for modeling, which contains the powder for layered modeling according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A layer forming unit that accommodates the layered molding powder and supplies the layered molding powder to the modeling powder storage tank to form a layered molding powder layer;
A three-dimensional modeling apparatus comprising: a shaping ink; and applying means for applying the shaping ink to the layer for the layered modeling powder.   The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising two applying means for applying two types of two-liquid curing type of forming ink as the applying means.   The three-dimensional shaping apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, further comprising a support material ink application unit that stores the support material ink and applies the support material ink. The layered molding powder according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and
A three-dimensional structure containing a resin.   The three-dimensional structure according to claim 12, wherein the content of the powder for layered formation is 50% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less based on the total mass of the three-dimensional structure.   The standard deviation of the angle between the longitudinal direction of the rod-like particles or the planar direction of the plate-like particles and the stacking direction is 45 ° or less in the cross section in the stacking direction. The three-dimensional structure according to 13.