JP2019045065A - Ventilation control method and ventilation control system - Google Patents

Abstract

To more effectively control the number of times of indoor ventilation.SOLUTION: In accordance with a predetermined schedule, the number of times of indoor ventilation is periodically and temporarily changed into the designed and regulated number of times of ventilation, and a differential between a measured value S1 of CO2 concentration at an air supply side and a measured value S2 of CO2 concentration at an exhaust side (or indoor side) in that case is acquired as a reference differential value ΔSr (reference differential value acquisition part 10-2). Each time the reference differential value ΔSr is acquired, until the next reference differential value ΔSr is acquired, based on a difference Δα between an actual measurement value (actual measurement differential value ΔSpv) of a differential between the measured value S1 of the CO2 concentration at the air supply side and the measured value S2 of the CO2 concentration at the exhaust side (or indoor side) and the reference differential value ΔSr that is acquired this time, the number of times of indoor ventilation is controlled (ventilation count control part 10-4).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation control method and a ventilation control system for controlling the number of ventilations in a room.

  Conventionally, in various research facilities and manufacturing facilities, including laboratory animal facilities, a large number of ventilations at the time of construction of the facilities (ventilation frequency of each room per hour for maintenance of indoor cleanliness and dilution of pollutants) It is often designed and built at. In addition, as a ventilation frequency, the numerical value which divided the ventilation air volume of the room by the room volume is used practically.

  In these facilities, based on the idea of giving priority to the air environment, a constant air flow method in which the number of times of ventilation is always constant has conventionally been the mainstream, and there was a problem in terms of energy saving. Therefore, in recent years, as a method to balance the maintenance of indoor air quality and energy saving, there is a method called demand control ventilation that flexibly changes the number of ventilations according to the room usage condition and the degree of contamination of the indoor air. It has mainly begun to be adopted in the United States (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

"Demand Control Ventilation", [August 9, 2017 search], Internet <http://www.flowcontroltechnology.com/aircurity.aspx>

  The methods of demand control ventilation are roughly classified into centralized measurement and differential control methods and individual measurement and direct control methods. About this control method, the outline of each system, the control method, and a subject are described below.

(1) Centralized Measurement / Differential Control Method FIG. 6 shows an outline of a centralized measurement / differential control system. In FIG. 6, reference numerals 101 and 102 denote rooms in the respective rooms, reference numerals 103 and 104 denote air supply ducts to the rooms 101 and 102, and reference numerals 105 and 106 denote exhaust ducts from the rooms 101 and 102. In the air supply ducts 103 and 104, duct insertion type probes 107 and 108 are installed, and in the exhaust ducts 105 and 106, duct insertion type probes 109 and 110 are installed. In the room 101, an indoor installation type probe 111 is provided.

  In this system, the air of each location where the probes 107 to 111 are installed is sequentially suctioned by the vacuum pump 112 via the air data router 113, and the air quality (CO 2 concentration, Dust concentration, total volatile organic compound concentration (TVOC concentration) and the like are measured by one sensor 114. The air quality of air at each location measured by the sensor 114 is sent to the information management server 115, and is sent to the data center 117 through the data wireless terminal 116. In the data center 117, based on the difference between the air quality of the air (supply air) supplied to the rooms 101 and 102 and the air quality of the room air (or exhaust air), the cleanliness and the degree of contamination of the rooms 101 and 102 are obtained. To judge. The number of times of ventilation in the rooms 101 and 102 is feedback controlled based on the determination result in the data center 117.

  However, in this centralized measurement / differential control method, since it is necessary to construct a suction tube from each location where the probes 107 to 111 are installed to the sensor 114, the construction cost is large. In addition, the measurement target gas may remain or adhere to the inner surface of the tube, which may deteriorate the measurement accuracy, and the reliability of the measurement value is low (interference with other systems).

(2) Individual measurement and direct control method In the individual measurement and direct control method, a sensor for measuring the air quality is installed individually in the room of each room or at one exhaust duct to judge the degree of cleaning and the degree of contamination of the room air. And feedback control of the ventilation frequency of the room of each room directly using this measurement value.

  FIG. 7 shows an outline of a system of the individual measurement / direct control system. In FIG. 7, 201 is the room of each room, 202 is an air supply duct to room 201, 203 is an exhaust duct from room 201, 204 is a variable air volume control valve (air supply VAV) provided for air supply duct 202, 205 is a variable air volume control valve (exhaust VAV) provided in the exhaust duct 203, 206 is a room pressure sensor, and 207 is a CO2 sensor.

  In this system, the CO 2 concentration of exhaust gas from the room 201 is measured by the CO 2 sensor 207, and the number of times of ventilation in the room 201 is controlled so as to maintain the measured CO 2 concentration at a prescribed value. That is, the air volume of the air supply and exhaust to the room 201 is adjusted by the air supply VAV 204 and the ventilation VAV 205.

  Further, in this system, the room pressure of the room 201 is measured by the room pressure sensor 206, and the room pressure of the room 201 is controlled to maintain the measured room pressure at a target value. That is, the air volume of the exhaust from the room 201 adjusted by the exhaust VAV 205 is controlled.

  The control of the number of times of ventilation and the control of the room pressure are coordinated with each other by the mutual communication of the supply VAV 204 and the exhaust VAV 205.

  However, in the individual measurement / direct control method, the CO2 sensor has a deviation of measured values due to aging (referred to as a drift), so that the measured values can not gradually reflect the state of indoor air.

  In addition, there are no prescribed values for indoor CO 2 concentration in research facilities and manufacturing facilities. That is, since the number of ventilations is high for maintaining the cleanliness of the room and diluting the pollutants, the actual CO 2 concentration in the room remains at a value considerably lower than 1000 ppm specified by the Building Management Law. For this reason, the method of performing control by the measurement value of the CO2 concentration in the room or at one exhaust duct is inappropriate.

  In addition, because the measured value (not difference) of CO2 concentration in the room or exhaust duct varies greatly depending on the surrounding environment of the facility and the external air conditions (about 100 ppm), the degree of dilution and retention of contaminants due to the size of ventilation is not necessarily required. It does not reflect.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the object of the present invention is to make the room more effectively by using a reference difference value reference method based on an individual measurement / direct control method. It is to provide a ventilation control method and a ventilation control system capable of controlling the ventilation frequency of

  In order to achieve such an object, according to the present invention, there is provided a first air quality measuring step (S101) for measuring the air quality of air supplied to the room (1) as a first air quality, Second air quality measurement step (S102) for measuring the air quality of exhaust air from the room as the second air quality, and according to a predetermined schedule, design the number of times of ventilation in the room periodically and temporarily And a reference difference value acquiring step (S202) of acquiring the difference between the first air quality measurement value and the second air quality measurement value as the reference difference value (ΔSr). Every time the value is acquired, the actual measurement value (ΔSpv) of the difference between the first air quality measurement value and the second air quality measurement value is acquired this time until the next reference difference value is acquired. Based on the difference (Δα) from the reference difference value (ΔSr) And a ventilation frequency control step (S207) for controlling the number of times of ventilation inside.

  In this invention, according to a predetermined schedule, the ventilation frequency of the room is changed to the design prescribed ventilation frequency regularly and temporarily, and the measurement value of the first air quality and the measurement of the second air quality at that time. The difference with the value is acquired as a reference difference value. For example, the time when the air quality in the room is expected to be the best in operation is set as the scheduled time (for example, AM 1:00 every Monday), and the reference difference value is acquired each time this scheduled time is reached. Then, every time the reference difference value is acquired, the measured value of the difference between the first air quality measurement value and the second air quality measurement value (measured value) until the next reference difference value is acquired. The ventilation frequency of the room is controlled based on the difference between the difference value) and the reference difference value acquired this time. In the present invention, examples of air quality include CO 2 concentration, dust concentration, TVOC concentration, and the like.

  In the present invention, even when drift due to aging occurs in the measured value of air quality, the reference difference value is periodically acquired, and the control of the ventilation frequency is performed based on the difference between the actual measurement difference value and the reference difference value. Therefore, the influence of the drift on the true value of the measured value of air quality is offset, and the problem does not substantially occur. Also, the difference between the measured value of the first air quality and the measured value of the second air quality in the design prescribed ventilation frequency is used as a reference difference value, and this reference difference value is used as a reference when obtaining the difference from the measured difference value. Therefore, demand-controlled ventilation control can be realized based on the indoor environment when ventilation is performed with the design regulation frequency without being influenced by the ambient environment or the outside air condition.

  In the above description, as an example, constituent elements on the drawing corresponding to constituent elements of the invention are indicated by reference numerals in parentheses.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the effect of drift on the true value of the measured value of air quality is offset by using the reference difference value reference method based on the individual measurement and direct control method, and the surrounding environment Demand-controlled ventilation control based on the indoor environment when ventilation is performed with the design regulation frequency is realized without being influenced by the ambient air conditions, etc., and the number of ventilation cycles in the room is controlled more effectively. It becomes possible.

FIG. 1 is a view showing an outline of an embodiment of a ventilation control system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram showing the main part of the ventilation frequency control device in this ventilation control system. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for more specifically explaining the processing operation of each part in this ventilation frequency control device. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing that the measurement of the CO2 concentration on the air supply side and the measurement of the CO2 concentration on the exhaust side are performed at a predetermined cycle. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the difference Δα between the actual measurement difference value ΔSpv and the reference difference value ΔSr. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an outline of a centralized measurement / difference control system. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an outline of a system of an individual measurement / direct control system.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. In the present embodiment, demand control ventilation control is performed by the “reference difference value reference method” based on the “individual measurement / direct control method” of the prior art.

  FIG. 1 shows an outline of the ventilation control system of the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, 1 is a room of each room, 2 is an air supply duct to room 1, 3 is an exhaust duct from room 1, 4 is a variable air volume control valve (air supply VAV) provided in air supply duct 2, 5 is a variable air flow control valve (exhaust VAV) provided in the exhaust duct 3, 6 is a room pressure sensor, 7 and 8 are CO2 sensors, 9 is an air conditioner, and 10 is a ventilation frequency control device.

  In the ventilation control system 300, the air supply duct 2, the air exhaust duct 3, the air supply VAV4, the exhaust air VAV5, the room pressure sensor 6, and the CO2 sensor 8 are provided for each room. That is, the air supply ducts 2-1 to 2-n, the exhaust air ducts 3-1 to 3-n, the air supply VAV4-1 to 4-n, the exhaust air VAV5-1 to 5-1 with respect to the interior 1-1 to 1-n. Chamber pressure sensors 6-1 to 6-n and CO2 sensors 8-1 to 8-n.

  In the ventilation control system 300, the CO2 sensor 7 is provided in the main air supply duct 11 from the air conditioner 9 connected to the air supply ducts 2-1 to 2-n. That is, although the CO 2 sensor 8 is installed (n locations) for each exhaust duct 3 of each room, the CO 2 sensor 7 is installed (only 1 location) only in the main air supply duct 11. Hereinafter, the CO2 sensor 7 is referred to as a charge-side CO2 sensor, and the CO2 sensor 8 is referred to as an exhaust-side CO2 sensor.

  The ventilation frequency control device 10 is realized by hardware including a processor and a storage device, and a program for realizing various functions in cooperation with the hardware, and a functional block diagram of the main part is shown in FIG. A schedule storage unit 10-1, a reference difference value acquisition unit 10-2, a reference difference value storage unit 10-3, and a ventilation frequency control unit 10-4.

  In the ventilation frequency control device 10, the schedule storage unit 10-1 is operated for the time when the occurrence of the pollutant in the room is expected to be the smallest in operation (in this example, the time when the CO2 concentration in the room is expected to be the smallest). ) Is a scheduled time (for example, every Monday AM 1:00) T, and this scheduled time T is stored for each room 1.

  That is, scheduled times T are stored as T1 to Tn in the room 1-1 to 1-n in the schedule storage unit 10-1. In addition, this schedule shall be determined in consideration of initial continuous measurement data and facility characteristics. For example, when room 1 is a breeding room for nocturnal mice, time T is determined as daytime time, and when room 1 is a breeding room for diurnal marmoset, time T is set as midnight time. decide.

The reference difference value acquiring unit 10-2 temporarily stores the indoor 1 (1-1 to 1-n) each time the scheduled time T (T1 to Tn) stored in the schedule storage unit 10-1 is reached. Change the ventilation frequency of the design to the design prescribed ventilation frequency, and then measure the measured value S1 of the CO2 concentration from the CO2 sensor 7 on the air supply side and the CO2 from the CO2 sensor 8 (8-1 to 8-n) on the exhaust side obtaining a difference between the density measured value S2 (S2 ₁ ~S2n) as a reference difference value ΔSr (ΔSr ₁ ~ΔSrn). The acquired reference difference value ΔSr (ΔSr _{1 to} ΔSrn) is updated and stored in the reference difference value storage unit 10-3.

Ventilation rate control unit 10-4, each time the reference difference value ΔSr (ΔSr ₁ ~ΔSrn) is acquired by the reference difference value acquiring unit 10-2, the following reference difference value ΔSr (ΔSr ₁ ~ΔSrn) is obtained until that, the measured value of the CO2 concentration of CO2 sensor 8 with CO2 concentration measurement value S1 exhaust side (8-1 to 8-n) from CO2 sensor 7 supply side S2 (S2 ₁ ~S2n) based on a difference Δα (Δα ₁ ~Δαn) between the difference of the measured value ΔSpv (ΔSpv ₁ ~ΔSpvn) and obtained this time reference difference value ΔSr (ΔSr ₁ ~ΔSrn) with an indoor 1 (1-1 to 1 -N) control the ventilation frequency. That is, the air volume of air supply and exhaust to room 1 (1-1 to 1-n) is adjusted by air supply VAV 4 (4-1 to 4-n) and ventilation VAV 5 (5-1 to 5-n). .

  The processing operation of each part in the ventilation frequency control device 10 will be more specifically described on behalf of the room 1-1 with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 2, measurement of the CO2 concentration by the CO2 sensor 7 on the air supply side (measurement of the CO2 concentration on the air supply side) and measurement of the CO2 concentration by the CO2 sensor 8 on the exhaust side (measurement of the CO2 concentration on the exhaust side) It is assumed that the process is performed at a predetermined cycle (for example, every one minute) (steps S101 and S102 shown in FIG. 4).

In the ventilation frequency control device 10, the reference difference value acquisition unit 10-2 temporarily (for example, 10 minutes) indoors when the schedule time T1 stored in the schedule storage unit 10-1 comes (YES in step S201). Change the ventilation frequency of 1-1 to the design regulation ventilation frequency (for example, 15 times per hour), and from the measured value S1 of the CO2 concentration from the CO2 sensor 7 on the air supply side and the CO2 sensor 8-1 get the difference between the measured value S2 ₁ of CO2 concentration as the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ (step S202). In this case, change the ventilation frequency of the room 1-1 to the design regulation ventilation frequency by adjusting the air volume of the air supply to the room 1-1 to the design regulation air volume by the air supply VAV4-1 and the ventilation VAV5-1. Do by.

Then, the reference difference value acquisition unit 10-2 stores the reference difference value ΔSr ₁ acquired in step S202 in the reference difference value storage unit (memory) 10-3 (step S203). In this case, if the stored reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ acquired previously is the reference difference value storage unit 10-3, write the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ acquired this time the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ of last time is the stored Change. That is, the reference difference value ΔSr ₁ stored in the reference difference value storage unit 10-3 is updated.

In the ventilation frequency control device 10, when the reference difference value ΔSr ₁ is acquired by the reference difference value acquiring unit 10-2, the ventilation frequency control unit 10-4 acquires the acquired reference difference value ΔSr ₁ this time. Read out from the reference difference value storage unit 10-3 as the reference difference value ΔSr ₁ (step S204), and also from the measured value S1 of the CO 2 concentration from the CO 2 sensor 7 on the air supply side and the CO 2 sensor 8-1 on the exhaust side acquires the difference between the measured value S2 ₁ of CO2 concentration as measured difference value DerutaSpv ₁ (step S205), and obtains a difference [Delta] [alpha] ₁ between the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ to this actual difference value DerutaSpv ₁ obtained this time ( Step S206: Refer to FIG. 5), and control the ventilation frequency of the room 1-1 based on the difference Δα ₁ (step S207). That is, the air volume of the air supply to the room 1-1 is adjusted by the air supply VAV4-1 and the ventilation VAV5-1.

  The ventilation frequency control (step S207) is performed at a predetermined cycle (for example, every 15 minutes) set separately from the measurement cycle. This is effective for improving control stability and preventing wear of VAV due to frequent operation.

Thereafter, the ventilation frequency control device 10 repeats the processing operation of steps S204 to S207 according to the NO of step S201 until it is confirmed that the next schedule time T1 is reached in step S201. Thus, each time the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ is obtained, the difference [Delta] [alpha] ₁ between the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ of between, acquired actual difference value DerutaSpv ₁ and this until the next reference difference value .DELTA.Sr ₁ is obtained The ventilation frequency of the room 1-1 is controlled based on That is, the air quality of the room 1-1 is judged in terms of how much the actual measurement difference value ΔSpv _{1 at} that time is with respect to the reference difference value ΔSr ₁ and the room 1-1 is determined based on the judgment result. The ventilation frequency of the

  As understood from the above description, according to the present embodiment, even when drift due to aging occurs in the measured values S1 and S2 of the CO 2 concentration, the reference difference value ΔSr is periodically acquired, and control of the ventilation frequency is performed. Is performed based on the difference .DELTA..alpha. Between the actual difference value .DELTA.Spv and the reference difference value .DELTA.Sr, the influence of the drift on the true value of the measured values S1 and S2 of the CO2 concentration is canceled out and the problem does not substantially occur.

  Further, the difference between the measured value S1 of the CO2 concentration on the air supply side and the measured value S2 of the CO2 concentration on the exhaust side in the design prescribed ventilation frequency is a reference difference value ΔSr, and the difference between the reference difference value ΔSr and the measured difference value ΔSpv The demand control ventilation control is realized based on the indoor environment when ventilation is performed with the design regulation frequency to the last without being influenced by the surrounding environment or the outside air condition. Become.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to control the number of ventilations in the room more effectively.

  In the embodiment described above, the CO2 concentration is measured as the air quality, but the dust concentration, the TVOC concentration, or the like may be measured as the air quality. That is, in the present invention, the sensor that measures air quality is not limited to the sensor that measures the CO 2 concentration. For example, there are various possibilities, such as a sensor that measures dust concentration, a sensor that measures TVOC concentration, etc., and it is possible to apply the present invention regardless of the sensor type.

  In addition, the present invention may be installed in an air volume control system of a building facility such as an experimental animal facility, a bioclean / biohazard experimental facility, a pharmaceutical manufacturing facility, and various clean rooms.

  In the embodiment described above, the CO2 concentration of the exhaust gas from the room 1 (1-1 to 1-n) is measured using the CO2 sensor 8 (8-1 to 8-n). The CO 2 concentration of (1-1 to 1-n) may be measured.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the functions of the schedule storage unit 10-1, the reference difference value acquisition unit 10-2, the reference difference value storage unit 10-3, and the ventilation frequency control unit 10-4 are provided to the ventilation frequency control device 10. Although it is made to have, you may make it disperse | distribute and have the function which it has with the ventilation frequency control apparatus 10 in air supply VAV4-1-4-n or exhaust VAV5-1-5-n. In this case, each ventilation frequency control device 10 (10-1 to 10-n) acquires the measured CO2 concentration value S1 on the air supply duct side by means of inter-controller communication or the like.

[Extension of the embodiment]
Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

  1 ... indoor 2 (2-1 to 2-n) ... air supply duct, 3 (3-1 to 3-n) ... exhaust duct, 4 (4-1 to 4-n) ... air supply VAV, 5 ( 5-1 to 5-n) ... Exhaust VAV, 7 ... CO2 sensor on the air supply side, 8 (8-1 to 8-n) ... CO2 sensor on the exhaust side, 9 ... Air conditioner, 10 ... Ventilation frequency control device, 10-1 ... schedule storage unit, 10-2 ... reference difference value acquisition unit, 10-3 ... reference difference value storage unit, 10-4 ... ventilation frequency control unit. 11: Main air supply duct.

Claims (7)

A first air quality measurement step of measuring the air quality of air supplied into the room as a first air quality;
A second air quality measurement step of measuring the air quality of the room or the air quality of exhaust air from the room as a second air quality;
According to a predetermined schedule, the ventilation frequency of the room is changed to the design prescribed ventilation frequency periodically and temporarily, and the measurement value of the first air quality and the measurement value of the second air quality at that time A reference difference value acquiring step of acquiring a difference between
Every time the reference difference value is obtained, the measured value of the difference between the first air quality measurement value and the second air quality measurement value until the next reference difference value is obtained, and And a ventilation frequency control step of controlling the number of ventilations in the room based on a difference from the reference difference value acquired this time. In the ventilation control method according to claim 1,
A reference control value updating and storing step of updating and storing the reference difference value acquired each time the reference difference value is acquired, the ventilation control method. In the ventilation control method described in claim 1 or 2,
The air quality is a CO 2 concentration. In the ventilation control method described in claim 1 or 2,
The air quality is dust concentration. In the ventilation control method described in claim 1 or 2,
The air quality is the total volatile organic compound concentration. In the ventilation control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The first air quality measurement step is
The air quality in the air supply duct from the air conditioner to the room of each room is measured as the first air quality,
The second air quality measurement step is
The air quality in the room of each room or the air quality in the exhaust duct from the room of each room is measured as the second air quality,
The reference difference value acquisition step is
Obtaining the reference difference value of each room;
The ventilation frequency control step is
Every time the reference difference value for each room is acquired, the difference between the first air quality measurement value and the second air quality measurement value until the next reference difference value is acquired. A ventilation control method comprising: controlling the number of times of ventilation in each room based on a difference between an actual measurement value and a reference difference value acquired this time. A first air quality measuring unit configured to measure the air quality of air supplied into the room as the first air quality;
A second air quality measurement unit configured to measure the air quality of the room or the air quality of exhaust air from the room as a second air quality;
According to a predetermined schedule, the ventilation frequency of the room is changed to the design prescribed ventilation frequency periodically and temporarily, and the measurement value of the first air quality and the measurement value of the second air quality at that time A reference difference value acquisition unit configured to acquire a difference between the
Every time the reference difference value is obtained, the measured value of the difference between the first air quality measurement value and the second air quality measurement value until the next reference difference value is obtained, and And a ventilation frequency control unit configured to control the number of times of ventilation in the room based on a difference from the reference difference value acquired this time.