JP2019005688A - Mixer for evenly mixing at least two kind of matter to be mixed with each other, and those and water - Google Patents
Mixer for evenly mixing at least two kind of matter to be mixed with each other, and those and water Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、２種以上の被混合物、例えば、焼却灰や燃え殻同士及びこれらと水とを均一に混合するための混合装置であって、得られる混合物中の水の含有率が５０重量％未満であることを特徴とする混合装置、及びこれを用いた混合方法に関する。 The present invention is a mixing apparatus for uniformly mixing two or more kinds of materials to be mixed, for example, incineration ash and burning husks, and these with water, and the water content in the obtained mixture is less than 50% by weight. The present invention relates to a mixing apparatus and a mixing method using the mixing apparatus.
被混合物と液体媒体の混合操作は、化学工業分野では固液反応、液液反応又は気液反応の反応促進や製品製造の手段として一般に行なわれており、また、混合手段は多岐に亘り、機械的方法としてパドル式攪拌機やプロペラ式攪拌機などが使用されている。また、微粉末を液体に混合する装置としてホモジェナイザーなどがあるが、その微粉末の粒径の上限が小さく、塊状でないことが使用上の拘束条件である。 The mixing operation of the mixture and the liquid medium is generally performed in the chemical industry as a means for promoting the reaction of solid-liquid reaction, liquid-liquid reaction or gas-liquid reaction and for manufacturing products. As a typical method, a paddle type agitator or a propeller type agitator is used. A homogenizer or the like is used as a device for mixing the fine powder with the liquid. However, the upper limit of the particle size of the fine powder is small, and it is a restriction condition in use that the fine powder is not a lump.
土木分野においては、横型回転機械のトロンメルなどを使用して土壌と水を混合している。土壌は粒度分布のある岩石片の粒子の集合体であり、通常、粘土の存在により塊状になっている。したがって、トロンメルなどを使用した機械的な攪拌では土壌を構成している粒子に至るまで水に分散させることはできない。換言すれば、分散能力の観点からは、トロンメルは大型機械であるにも拘らず、均一な混合の観点からは攪拌能力不足である。 In the civil engineering field, soil and water are mixed using a trommel or the like of a horizontal rotating machine. Soil is an aggregate of particles of rock fragments with a particle size distribution and is usually agglomerated due to the presence of clay. Therefore, mechanical stirring using a trommel or the like cannot be dispersed in water until it reaches the particles constituting the soil. In other words, from the viewpoint of dispersibility, the trommel is a large machine, but from the viewpoint of uniform mixing, the stirring ability is insufficient.
廃棄物焼却灰処理の分野においては、例えば、以下の特許文献がある。
特許文献１には、焼却灰に消石灰を添加・混合し、その後加熱処理装置で加熱し、焼却灰に含まれる有機塩素化合物を分解し、冷却後処理灰を系外に排出する焼却灰処理装置及び方法が開示されているが、焼却灰と消石灰との混合手段については具体的な開示はなく、これらの混合は加熱処理装置内に移送するためのスクリューコンベアで行われているようである。
In the field of waste incineration ash treatment, for example, there are the following patent documents.
Patent Document 1 discloses an incineration ash treatment device that adds and mixes slaked lime to incineration ash, then heats it with a heat treatment device, decomposes an organic chlorine compound contained in the incineration ash, and discharges the treated ash after cooling out of the system. However, there is no specific disclosure about the mixing means of the incinerated ash and slaked lime, and it seems that the mixing is performed by a screw conveyor for transfer into the heat treatment apparatus.
特許文献２には、湿潤状態の都市ごみ焼却灰、産業廃棄物焼却灰などの焼却灰中に含まれる重金属などの有害物質を安定化するための焼却灰処理方法において、該焼却灰を湿式灰冷却装置の水槽に投入し、該水槽からコンベアにより払い出した焼却灰をスロープ上に通過させ、該スロープ上を通過する焼却灰の上部に設置した薬剤噴射ノズルから有害物質処理剤を噴射することが開示されている。しかしながら、水分を含むものの、固形状の焼却灰の上部から有害物質処理剤を噴射しているにすぎないため、両者を積極的に混合するために手段がないため、均一混合の観点からは、両者の接接触は不十分なものである。 Patent Document 2 discloses an incineration ash treatment method for stabilizing harmful substances such as heavy metals contained in incineration ash such as wet municipal waste incineration ash and industrial waste incineration ash. The incinerated ash that is put into the water tank of the cooling device and passed out from the water tank by the conveyor is allowed to pass on the slope, and the hazardous substance treating agent is injected from the chemical injection nozzle installed on the upper part of the incinerated ash passing on the slope. It is disclosed. However, although it contains moisture, since it only sprays the hazardous substance treatment agent from the top of the solid incineration ash, there is no means to actively mix both, from the viewpoint of uniform mixing, The contact between the two is insufficient.
特許文献３には、焼却灰に散水する第一工程と、第一工程において散水された焼却灰と土石を混合し、混合した後にセメントを混合する第二工程と、第二工程で混合された混合物並びに、セメント固化を補助する固化薬剤、原水槽からの水、及び固化薬剤と原水槽からの水の混合物の流動を容易にする流動可剤とを混合したセメント固化補助剤とを混合し、混合した後の混合物を養生ヤードにて固化する第三工程とを含む焼却灰の処理方法及び装置が開示されている。しかしながら、焼却灰への散水は、単に移送用ベルトコンベア上からのスプレーによるものであり、混合は、スクリューコンベア又はニーダー混合機によるものであり、均一混合の観点からは、水、セメント、固化薬剤、固化助剤等の混合は不十分なものである。 In Patent Document 3, the first step of watering the incinerated ash, the second step of mixing the incinerated ash and earth and stones sprinkled in the first step, and mixing the cement after mixing, and the second step were mixed. Mixing the mixture and a solidifying agent that assists in cement solidification, water from the raw water tank, and a cement solidifying auxiliary mixed with a flowable agent that facilitates the flow of the mixture of solidifying chemical and water from the raw water tank; The processing method and apparatus of the incineration ash including the 3rd process which solidifies the mixture after mixing in a curing yard are disclosed. However, water spraying to the incineration ash is merely by spraying from the belt conveyor for transfer, and mixing is by a screw conveyor or a kneader mixer. From the viewpoint of uniform mixing, water, cement, solidifying chemicals are used. The mixing of the solidification aid and the like is insufficient.
他方、特許文献４には、大気圧下で、高圧水による高速噴流体を、水平に配置された管内で、土壌に衝突させて水と土壌を短時間で均一に混合するための省エネルギー・省力スペースな装置及び方法は開示されている。かかる装置及び方法では、管内で、高速噴流体と土壌とが衝突し、加速されるため、せん断力による塊状の土壌が微粒子に分解される結果、均一混合の観点から十分な混合が可能となる。
しかしながら、特許文献４に開示された水平に配置された装置を用いて、例えば、被混合物として、焼却灰や燃え殻、有害物質処理剤としての重金属不溶化剤を、混合しようとする場合、被混合物に対して比較的多量の水及び／又は高圧水を投入しないと、水平管内で被混合物又は混合物の流動性が低下して管内での閉塞が発生し、安定した連続運転ができないという問題がある。例えば、被混合物が真比重約２．６の土壌である場合、被混合物に対して比較的多量の水及び／又は高圧水、例えば、被混合物の重量に対して約５倍の水及び／又は高圧水を用いており（具体的には被混合物：水の重量比＝１：４〜６）、得られる混合物中の水分含有率は５０重量％をはるかに超えるものものとなる。他方、焼却灰や燃え殻の見掛け密度は約０．７、真比重は約１．０であり、被混合物が土壌ではなく焼却灰や燃え殻である場合、土壌と同様の被混合物：水の重量比であれば、被混合物：水の体積比はさらに小さくなる。すなわち、特許文献４に開示された水平に配置された装置を用いて焼却灰や燃え殻、有害物質処理剤としての重金属不溶化剤を、混合しようとする場合、より少ない量の水及び／又は高圧水を用いて安定的に連続運転することは極めて困難である。また、特許文献４に開示された水平に配置された装置では、被混合物と水を水平に移動させるためのエネルギーは高圧水によりもたらされる。
On the other hand, Patent Document 4 discloses energy-saving and labor-saving for causing high-speed jet fluid from high-pressure water to collide with soil in a horizontally arranged tube and to uniformly mix water and soil in a short time under atmospheric pressure. Space devices and methods are disclosed. In such an apparatus and method, the high-speed jet fluid and the soil collide and accelerate in the pipe, so that the massive soil due to the shearing force is decomposed into fine particles, so that sufficient mixing is possible from the viewpoint of uniform mixing. .
However, when using the horizontally arranged apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 4, for example, as a mixture, incineration ash, burning husk, heavy metal insolubilizing agent as a hazardous substance treatment agent is to be mixed. On the other hand, if a relatively large amount of water and / or high-pressure water is not added, there is a problem that the fluidity of the mixture to be mixed or the mixture is lowered in the horizontal pipe and the clogging is generated in the pipe, and stable continuous operation cannot be performed. For example, when the mixture is soil having a true specific gravity of about 2.6, a relatively large amount of water and / or high-pressure water relative to the mixture, for example, about 5 times the water and / or the weight of the mixture High-pressure water is used (specifically, the weight ratio of the mixture: water = 1: 4 to 6), and the water content in the resulting mixture is much more than 50% by weight. On the other hand, the apparent density of incineration ash and burning husk is about 0.7, the true specific gravity is about 1.0, and when the mixture is incineration ash and burning husk instead of soil, the weight ratio of mixture to water is the same as that of soil. If so, the volume ratio of the mixture: water is further reduced. That is, when mixing the incinerated ash, the burning husk, and the heavy metal insolubilizing agent as a hazardous substance treating agent using the horizontally arranged apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 4, a smaller amount of water and / or high-pressure water is used. It is extremely difficult to stably operate continuously using Moreover, in the apparatus arrange | positioned horizontally disclosed by patent document 4, the energy for moving a to-be-mixed material and water horizontally is brought about by high pressure water.
産業廃棄物焼却灰や燃え殻からの有害物の発生を防止するために、焼却灰や燃え殻に有害物質処理剤、例えば、重金属不溶化剤を所定量添加し、これを均一に混合して、不溶化剤処理された焼却灰や燃え殻を、埋め戻し土等として、再利用することが行われているが、この場合、不溶化剤は、水との接触により重金属とのキレート形成により有害物質を無害化するため、予め少量の水との接触が必要であるが、得られる混合物中の水分含有率が過度に高くなると、得られた混合物から余分な水を除去するための設備や工程、該設備や工程から発生する水を処理する設備や工程がさらに必要になり、また、埋め戻し土としての重量当たりの単価が上昇するとともに、運搬費等も上昇するため、設備コストや運転コストが増大し、さらに単価上昇により商品価値（コストパフォーマンス）が低下することになる。したがって、水分含量が低いにも拘らず、有害物質処理剤が焼却灰や燃え殻に均一に混合されている、埋め戻し土としての商品価値の高い無害化処理された焼却灰や燃え殻を提供する必要性が在る。
かかる状況下、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、２種以上の被混合物、例えば、焼却灰や燃え殻と、重金属不溶化剤とを、得られる混合物中の水分含有率をきわめて低くしつつ、短時間で、かつ、均一に混合し、安定して連続運転することができる、省エネルギー・省スペースの小型の混合装置を提供することである。
In order to prevent the generation of harmful substances from industrial waste incineration ash and burning husk, a predetermined amount of hazardous substance treatment agent, for example, heavy metal insolubilizing agent, is added to incineration ash and burning husk, and this is mixed uniformly to make the insolubilizing agent The treated incineration ash and burning husk are reused as backfilling soil, etc. In this case, the insolubilizing agent detoxifies harmful substances by chelating with heavy metals by contact with water. Therefore, it is necessary to contact with a small amount of water in advance, but when the water content in the resulting mixture becomes excessively high, equipment and steps for removing excess water from the obtained mixture, the equipment and steps Equipment and processes for treating the water generated from the wastewater are required, and the unit price per weight as backfilling soil is increased, and the transportation cost is also increased. Unit price increase More commercial value (cost performance) is lowered. Therefore, there is a need to provide detoxified incineration ash and burning husks with high commercial value as backfill soil, in which the hazardous substance treatment agent is evenly mixed with the incineration ash and burning husks despite the low water content There is sex.
Under such circumstances, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that two or more kinds of mixtures, for example, incineration ash and burning husks, and a heavy metal insolubilizing agent, have a short moisture content in the resulting mixture. It is an object of the present invention to provide a small-sized energy-saving and space-saving mixing device that can be mixed uniformly over time and stably operated.
本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究し実験を重ねた結果、高圧水を用いた筒状混合管を具備する以下の混合装置を用いれば、焼却灰や燃え殻と、重金属不溶化剤とを、得られる混合物中の水分含有率をきわめて低くしつつ、短時間で、かつ、均一に混合し、安定して連続運転することができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。 As a result of diligent research and experiments to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that incineration ash, burning husk, heavy metal insolubilizing agent, The present invention has been completed by finding that the moisture content in the resulting mixture can be extremely low and mixed uniformly in a short time and can be stably operated continuously. .
すなわち、本発明は以下の通りのものである。
［１］０．５ＭＰａ〜５Ｍｐａの高圧水を略鉛直方向に噴出するための単一又は複数のノズル；該ノズルからの高圧水の吐出による高速噴流流体の断面積よりも大きい断面積を有するノズル保護管；該ノズル保護管の側面に配置され、該高速噴流体の吸引圧力により空気を吸引するための空気管；該ノズルの下方に同略鉛直方向に配置され、上端と下端を有し、一定長を有し、該一定長に亘り断面積が一定である筒状混合管；大気圧下で該筒状混合管の上端から２種以上の被混合物を投入するための被混合物投入管；並びに、該筒状混合管の下端から下方に配置され、該筒状混合管を流下した混合物を受け止めるための衝突板；を具備する、２種以上の被混合物同士及びこれらと水とを均一に混合するための混合装置であって、得られる混合物中の水分含有率が５０重量％未満であることを特徴とする混合装置。
［２］前記単一ノズルの高圧水吐出口の内径（Ｄｎ）は０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍであり、かつ、高速流体噴出速度は３０〜１００ｍ／ｓであり、前記ノズル保護管の内径（Ｄ１）は５〜１５ｍｍであり、前記ノズル保護管長さ（Ｌ１）は８０〜１８０ｍｍであり、該筒状混合管の内径（Ｄ２）は３０〜７０ｍｍであり、該筒状混合管の長さ（Ｌ２）は３００〜７００ｍｍであり、該筒状混合管の下端から衝突板までの距離（Ｌ３）は９０〜１８０ｍｍであり、そして衝突板径（Ｄ３）は３０ｍｍ〜２１０ｍｍである、前記［１］に記載の混合装置。
［３］前記被混合物投入管に供給される前記２種以上の被混合物が、非均一に予備混合されているものである、前記［１］又は［２］に記載の混合装置。
［４］前記［１］〜［３］のいずれかに記載の混合装置を用いて、前記２種以上の被混合物としての焼却灰又は燃え殻及び重金属不溶化剤同士、並びにそれらと水とを均一に混合する工程を含む、水分含有率５０重量％未満の混合物を製造する方法。
［５］前記焼却灰又は燃え殻の投入速度が３００〜７００ｋｇ／ｈｒであり、重金属不溶化剤の投入速度が１５〜３５ｋｇ／ｈｒであり、かつ、ノズルからの高圧水の吐出速度が１２０ｋｇ／ｈｒである、前記［４］に記載の方法。
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] Single or plural nozzles for ejecting high-pressure water of 0.5 MPa to 5 MPa in a substantially vertical direction; nozzles having a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area of the high-speed jet fluid generated by discharging high-pressure water from the nozzle A protective pipe; an air pipe arranged on the side of the nozzle protective pipe and for sucking air by the suction pressure of the high-speed jet fluid; and arranged in a substantially vertical direction below the nozzle, having an upper end and a lower end; A cylindrical mixing tube having a fixed length and a constant cross-sectional area over the fixed length; a mixed material introducing tube for charging two or more mixed materials from the upper end of the cylindrical mixing tube under atmospheric pressure; And two or more kinds of the mixture to be mixed with each other and water, which are arranged below the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube and for receiving the mixture flowing down the cylindrical mixing tube. Mixing device for mixing, resulting mixing Mixing apparatus moisture content in is equal to or less than 50 wt%.
[2] The inner diameter (Dn) of the high-pressure water discharge port of the single nozzle is 0.5 mm to 5 mm, the high-speed fluid ejection speed is 30 to 100 m / s, and the inner diameter (D1) of the nozzle protective tube Is 5 to 15 mm, the nozzle protective tube length (L1) is 80 to 180 mm, the inner diameter (D2) of the cylindrical mixing tube is 30 to 70 mm, and the length (L2) of the cylindrical mixing tube Is 300 to 700 mm, the distance (L3) from the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube to the collision plate is 90 to 180 mm, and the collision plate diameter (D3) is 30 to 210 mm. Mixing equipment.
[3] The mixing apparatus according to [1] or [2], wherein the two or more types of the mixture to be supplied to the mixture input pipe are premixed non-uniformly.
[4] Using the mixing apparatus according to any one of [1] to [3] above, the incinerated ash or burning husks and heavy metal insolubilizers as the two or more mixed materials, and water and the same are uniformly distributed. A method for producing a mixture having a water content of less than 50% by weight, comprising a step of mixing.
[5] The charging speed of the incineration ash or the burning husk is 300 to 700 kg / hr, the charging speed of the heavy metal insolubilizing agent is 15 to 35 kg / hr, and the discharge speed of the high-pressure water from the nozzle is 120 kg / hr. The method according to [4] above.
本発明に係る混合装置を用いれば、２種以上の被混合物、例えば、焼却灰や燃え殻と、重金属不溶化剤とを、得られる混合物中の水分含有率をきわめて低くしつつ、短時間で、かつ、均一に混合し、安定して連続運転することができる。また、本発明に係る混合装置は、省エネルギー・省スペースであり、さらに、撹拌機等に機械的駆動部分がなく、潜在的な機械的故障のおそれがない。前記したように、特許文献４に開示された水平に配置された装置では、被混合物と水を水平に移動させるためのエネルギーは高圧水によりもたらされるが、本発明に係る混合装置では、被混合物は重力により鉛直方向に自然落下するため、被混合物を移動されるためにエネルギーは極めて小さなものであると同時に閉塞のおそれもない。 If the mixing apparatus according to the present invention is used, two or more kinds of mixtures, for example, incineration ash and burning husk, and a heavy metal insolubilizing agent can be obtained in a short time while extremely reducing the moisture content in the resulting mixture. , Can be mixed uniformly and can be stably operated continuously. In addition, the mixing apparatus according to the present invention is energy saving and space saving, and further, the agitator or the like does not have a mechanical drive part, and there is no possibility of a potential mechanical failure. As described above, in the horizontally arranged device disclosed in Patent Document 4, the energy for moving the mixture and water horizontally is provided by high-pressure water, but in the mixing device according to the present invention, the mixture is mixed. Since it naturally falls in the vertical direction due to gravity, the energy is extremely small to move the mixture, and there is no risk of blockage.
以下、本発明の実施形態を、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。
図１に、本実施形態の混合装置の概要を示す。
本実施形態の混合装置は、０．５ＭＰａ〜５Ｍｐａの高圧水を略鉛直方向に噴出するための単一又は複数のノズル（１）；該ノズルからの高圧水の噴出による高速流体の断面積よりも大きい断面積を有するノズル保護管（２）；該ノズル保護管の側面に配置され、該高速流体の吸引圧力により空気を吸引するための空気管（３）；該ノズルの下方に同略鉛直方向に配置され、上端と下端を有し、一定長を有し、該一定長に亘り断面積が一定である筒状混合管（４）；大気圧下で該筒状混合管の上端から２種以上の被混合物を投入するための被混合物投入管（５）；並びに、該筒状混合管の下端から下方に配置され、該筒状混合管を流下した混合物を受け止めるための衝突板（６）；を具備する、２種以上の被混合物同士及びこれらと水とを均一に混合するための混合装置であって、得られる混合物中の水分含有率が５０重量％未満であることを特徴とする混合装置である。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, the outline | summary of the mixing apparatus of this embodiment is shown.
The mixing device of the present embodiment includes a single or a plurality of nozzles (1) for ejecting 0.5 MPa to 5 Mpa of high-pressure water in a substantially vertical direction; A nozzle protection tube (2) having a larger cross-sectional area; an air tube (3) disposed on the side surface of the nozzle protection tube and for sucking air by the suction pressure of the high-speed fluid; A cylindrical mixing tube (4) arranged in a direction, having an upper end and a lower end, having a constant length and having a constant cross-sectional area over the fixed length; 2 from the upper end of the cylindrical mixing tube under atmospheric pressure A mixture introduction pipe (5) for introducing a mixture of seeds or more; and an impingement plate (6) disposed below the lower end of the cylindrical mixing pipe for receiving the mixture flowing down the cylindrical mixing pipe ); And two or more kinds of the mixture to be mixed with each other and water. A mixing device for mixing the a mixing apparatus water content in the mixture obtained is equal to or less than 50 wt%.
０．５ＭＰａ〜５Ｍｐａの高圧水を略鉛直方向に噴出するための単一ノズル（１）は、例えば、高圧水の圧力３Ｍｐａ、吐出口の内径０．８ｍｍであり、通水量１２０ｋｇ／ｈｒ、吐出速度６６ｍ／ｓ程度のものであることができるが、特に制限はない。また、ノズル（１）は、スケールアップに伴い、複数本であってもよい。その場合、通水量は、複数本のノズル（１）から吐出される高圧水の合計量となるが、吐出速度は、ノズル（１）が単一であるか複数であるかを問わず、以下に詳細に説明する所望の混合が行われるために最適なものである必要がある。
高圧水の製造方法は特に制限はない。例えば、焼却灰を５００ｋｇ／ｈｒ、不溶化剤を、焼却灰に対して５重量％で添加し、混合しようとする場合、高圧水の通水量が１２０ｋｇ／ｈｒであれば、高圧水に由来する水による添加混合物中の水分含有率の増分は１２０÷（５００＋２５＋１２０）×１００＝１９％となる、焼却灰中の水分含有率が、８％以下であれば、最終的に得られる混合物中の水分含有率は、（１２０＋５００×０．０８）÷（５００＋２５＋１２０）×１００＝２５％重量以下とすることができる。尚、焼却灰は、発生時にはその水分含量はゼロに近いが、長期保管により吸湿し、経時的に上昇するものも、焼却灰中の水分含有率は、通常、８％よりもかなり低い値である。
The single nozzle (1) for ejecting 0.5 MPa to 5 Mpa of high-pressure water in a substantially vertical direction has, for example, a pressure of 3 Mpa of high-pressure water, an inner diameter of the discharge port of 0.8 mm, and a water flow rate of 120 kg / hr. The speed can be about 66 m / s, but there is no particular limitation. Further, the number of nozzles (1) may be increased as the scale is increased. In that case, the amount of water flow is the total amount of high-pressure water discharged from the plurality of nozzles (1), but the discharge speed is the following regardless of whether the nozzle (1) is single or plural. It must be optimal for the desired mixing to be described in detail.
There is no particular limitation on the method for producing high-pressure water. For example, when incineration ash is added at 500 kg / hr and an insolubilizing agent is added at 5% by weight with respect to incineration ash and mixing is performed, if the amount of high-pressure water flow is 120 kg / hr, water derived from high-pressure water The increment of the water content in the added mixture by 120 is 120 ÷ (500 + 25 + 120) × 100 = 19%. If the water content in the incinerated ash is 8% or less, the water content in the finally obtained mixture The rate can be (120 + 500 × 0.08) ÷ (500 + 25 + 120) × 100 = 25% weight or less. Incinerated ash has a water content close to zero when it is generated, but the moisture content in incinerated ash is usually much lower than 8%, even though it absorbs moisture over long periods of time and rises over time. is there.
ノズルは、高圧水の噴出による高速流体の断面積よりも大きい断面積を有するノズル保護管（２）内に装着されることができる。例えば、ノズルの高圧水吐出口の内径（Ｄｎ）は０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍであり、かつ、高速流体噴出速度は３０〜１００ｍ／ｓであることができ、その場合、ノズル保護管の内径（Ｄ１）は５〜１５ｍｍであり、その長さ（Ｌ１）は８０〜１８０ｍｍであることができる。ノズル保護管は、以下に説明する被混合物投入管から大気圧下で落下する被混合物がノズルの吐出口周辺に付着し、高圧流体の噴出を妨害したり、噴出が偏向することを防止するとともに、高圧水吐出口の後方に配置された空気管からのエジェクター（吸引）効果による空気の導入ために設けられる。尚、ノズル（１）が複数である場合には、ノズル保護管は、各ノズル毎に設けてもよいし、複数のノズル（１）の束の外側に単一で設けてもよい。
図１には、単一ノズル（１）からの高速噴流体の広がりが筒状混合管の下端の断面積と略等しく記載されているが、被混合物の物性や動態に応じて、適宜、高速噴流体の広がりを大きくしたり、あるいは小さくすることができる。また、ノズル（１）からの高速噴流としては、その広がりがかなり大きい噴霧流であることもできる。
The nozzle can be mounted in a nozzle protection tube (2) having a cross-sectional area larger than the cross-sectional area of the high-speed fluid due to the jet of high-pressure water. For example, the inner diameter (Dn) of the high-pressure water discharge port of the nozzle can be 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and the high-speed fluid ejection speed can be 30 to 100 m / s. In that case, the inner diameter (D1) of the nozzle protective tube ) Is 5 to 15 mm, and its length (L1) can be 80 to 180 mm. The nozzle protection tube prevents the mixture that drops under atmospheric pressure from the mixture input tube described below from adhering to the periphery of the nozzle outlet, obstructing the ejection of high-pressure fluid, and preventing the deflection of the ejection. It is provided for introducing air by an ejector (suction) effect from an air pipe disposed behind the high-pressure water discharge port. In addition, when there are a plurality of nozzles (1), the nozzle protection tube may be provided for each nozzle, or may be provided singly on the outside of the bundle of the plurality of nozzles (1).
In FIG. 1, the spread of the high-speed jet fluid from the single nozzle (1) is shown to be approximately equal to the cross-sectional area at the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube. However, depending on the physical properties and dynamics of the mixture, The spread of the jet fluid can be increased or decreased. Moreover, as a high-speed jet from a nozzle (1), the spreading can also be a spray flow considerably large.
ノズルの下方には、上端と下端を有し、一定長を有し、該一定長に亘り断面積が一定である筒状混合管（４）が、同略鉛直方向に配置され、該筒状混合管の上端には、大気圧下で２種以上の被混合物を投入するための被混合物投入管（５）が配置される。被混合物投入管の傾斜、断面積は、被混合物の投入量に依存するが、閉塞することがないよう設計する。例えば、図１、図２に示すように、被混合物投入管の角度は、４０〜６０°であることができる。図２に示すように、被混合物投入管に上部には、例えば、ベルトコンベアを設置し、ホッパーを介して、２種以上の被混合物を投入することができる。 Below the nozzle, a cylindrical mixing tube (4) having an upper end and a lower end, having a fixed length, and having a constant cross-sectional area over the fixed length is arranged in the substantially vertical direction. At the upper end of the mixing tube, a mixed material introducing tube (5) for introducing two or more mixed materials under atmospheric pressure is arranged. The inclination and the cross-sectional area of the mixture input pipe depend on the input amount of the mixture, but are designed so as not to be blocked. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the angle of the mixture input pipe can be 40 to 60 °. As shown in FIG. 2, for example, a belt conveyor can be installed in the upper part of the mixture introduction pipe, and two or more kinds of the mixture can be introduced through a hopper.
２種以上の被混合物同士、並びにこれらと高圧水に由来する水との混合は、鉛直方向に配置した筒状混合管の内部で、実施される。筒状混合管の内径と長さは特に制限されないが、例えば、内径（Ｄ２）３０〜７０ｍｍであり、該筒状混合管の長さ（Ｌ２）３００〜７００ｍｍであることができる。筒状混合管を流下した混合物を受け止めるための衝突板（６）が、該筒状混合管の下端から下方に配置される。筒状混合管の下端から衝突板までの距離（Ｌ３）は、例えば、１２０〜１８０ｍｍであることができる。
被混合物投入管から投入された２種以上の被混合物、例えば、焼却灰と不溶化剤は、上部から噴出された高圧水と衝突し、分散される。このとき、空気管から導入された空気によりさらに拡散され、分散が促進される。分散された被混合物と水が、分散状態を保ったまま、重量、及び高速噴流体の作用で、鉛直方向に落下している間に、混合が進行するが、これが、筒状混合管の下端から下方に配置される衝突板に衝突するとき、さらに混合が進行する。これらの過程を経ることで、得られる混合物は、２種以上の被混合物同士、並びにこれらと水とが高程度に均一に混合されたものとなる。被混合物投入管の上部、及び筒状混合管の下部は、大気開放されているため、これらの混合は、大気圧下で行われる。また、均一な混合、偏流による筒状混合管内での閉塞の防止の観点から、筒状混合管の中心線と高圧水ノズルの吐出口と衝突板は、鉛直方向同心円状に配置することが望ましい。
Mixing of two or more kinds of materials to be mixed with each other and water derived from high-pressure water is performed inside a cylindrical mixing tube arranged in the vertical direction. The inner diameter and length of the cylindrical mixing tube are not particularly limited. For example, the inner diameter (D2) is 30 to 70 mm, and the cylindrical mixing tube length (L2) is 300 to 700 mm. A collision plate (6) for receiving the mixture flowing down the cylindrical mixing tube is disposed below the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube. The distance (L3) from the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube to the collision plate can be, for example, 120 to 180 mm.
Two or more kinds of the mixture, for example, incineration ash and insolubilizing agent, introduced from the mixture introduction pipe collide with the high-pressure water ejected from the upper part and are dispersed. At this time, it is further diffused by the air introduced from the air pipe, and dispersion is promoted. While the dispersed mixture and water remain in a dispersed state, mixing proceeds while falling in the vertical direction by the action of the weight and the high-speed jet fluid, this is the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube. Mixing proceeds further when it collides with a collision plate disposed below. By passing through these processes, the resulting mixture is a mixture in which two or more kinds of mixtures and these and water are uniformly mixed to a high degree. Since the upper part of the mixture input pipe and the lower part of the cylindrical mixing pipe are open to the atmosphere, the mixing is performed under atmospheric pressure. Also, from the viewpoint of preventing clogging in the cylindrical mixing tube due to uniform mixing and drift, it is desirable that the center line of the cylindrical mixing tube, the discharge port of the high-pressure water nozzle, and the collision plate be arranged concentrically in the vertical direction. .
衝突板の形状は、特に制限はないが、筒状混合管からの混合物の排出を妨げないものである必要がある。例えば、衝突板は筒状混合管の内径よりもいくぶん大きい径の平たい円盤を、例えば、筒状混合管付近から細い丸棒で吊るし水平に配した形態であることができる。この場合、衝突板径（Ｄ３）は、筒状混合管の内径（Ｄ２）の１〜３倍であることができる。あるいは、混合の程度や得られる混合物の物性に応じて、衝突回数をさらに増やしたい場合には、水平に対し約４５°の傾きをもつ平板を逆方向上下に配した形態であってもよい。尚、筒状混合管内への、被混合物の供給を開始する際、例えば、運転開始前に、高圧水ノズルから噴出された高速噴流体が衝突板の中心から放射状に衝突板に衝突すれば、たとえ衝突板が平たいものであったとしても、衝突板上に混合物が滞留することはないため、筒状混合管からの混合物の排出が妨害される（すなわち、筒状混合管が閉塞する）おそれはない。この点で、本実施形態の混合装置では、閉塞のおそれが低く、連続運転が可能となる。
また、図１に示すように、衝突板からの混合物の周辺環境への飛散・汚染を防止するために、衝突板を囲むように飛散防止缶を設けることが好ましい。
The shape of the impingement plate is not particularly limited, but it should be one that does not hinder the discharge of the mixture from the cylindrical mixing tube. For example, the impingement plate may be in a form in which a flat disk having a diameter somewhat larger than the inner diameter of the cylindrical mixing tube is hung with a thin round bar from the vicinity of the cylindrical mixing tube and arranged horizontally. In this case, the collision plate diameter (D3) can be 1 to 3 times the inner diameter (D2) of the cylindrical mixing tube. Alternatively, when it is desired to further increase the number of collisions according to the degree of mixing and the physical properties of the resulting mixture, a form in which flat plates having an inclination of about 45 ° with respect to the horizontal direction are arranged vertically in the reverse direction may be used. In addition, when starting the supply of the mixture into the cylindrical mixing tube, for example, before the start of operation, if the high-speed jet fluid ejected from the high-pressure water nozzle radially collides with the collision plate from the center of the collision plate, Even if the collision plate is flat, the mixture does not stay on the collision plate, so that the discharge of the mixture from the cylindrical mixing tube is hindered (that is, the cylindrical mixing tube is blocked). It is not. In this respect, in the mixing apparatus of the present embodiment, there is a low risk of blockage, and continuous operation is possible.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, in order to prevent the mixture from the collision plate from scattering and contaminating the surrounding environment, it is preferable to provide a scattering prevention can so as to surround the collision plate.
図１に本実施形態の混合装置の一例、図２に、該混合装置の試作機を示すが、本発明は、かかる実施形態からの修正変更が可能であることはいうまでもない。
尚、前記したように、本実施形態の混合装置の試作機ベースの設計では、単一ノズルの高圧水吐出口の内径（Ｄｎ）は０．５ｍｍ〜５ｍｍであり、かつ、高速流体噴出速度は３０〜１００ｍ／ｓであり、ノズル保護管の内径（Ｄ１）は５〜１５ｍｍであり、ノズル保護管長さ（Ｌ１）は８０〜１８０ｍｍであり、筒状混合管の内径（Ｄ２）は３０〜７０ｍｍであり、筒状混合管の長さ（Ｌ２）は３００〜７００ｍｍであり、該筒状混合管の下端から衝突板までの距離（Ｌ３）は９０〜１８０ｍｍであり、そして衝突板径（Ｄ３）は３０ｍｍ〜２１０ｍｍであるものであったが、本発明に係る混合装置は、スケールアップを予定しており、これらの数値範囲に限定されるべきでないことはいうまでもない。
FIG. 1 shows an example of the mixing apparatus of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a prototype of the mixing apparatus. Needless to say, the present invention can be modified and changed from such an embodiment.
As described above, in the prototype-based design of the mixing apparatus of this embodiment, the inner diameter (Dn) of the high-pressure water discharge port of the single nozzle is 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and the high-speed fluid ejection speed is 30-100 m / s, the inner diameter (D1) of the nozzle protective tube is 5-15 mm, the nozzle protective tube length (L1) is 80-180 mm, and the inner diameter (D2) of the cylindrical mixing tube is 30-70 mm. The length (L2) of the cylindrical mixing tube is 300 to 700 mm, the distance (L3) from the lower end of the cylindrical mixing tube to the collision plate is 90 to 180 mm, and the collision plate diameter (D3) However, it is needless to say that the mixing apparatus according to the present invention is to be scaled up and should not be limited to these numerical ranges.
［実施例１］
図２に示す試作機を作製し、焼却灰１００：不溶化剤５：水３０の混合物を製造した。不溶化剤を、焼却灰搬送コンベア上に添加した（黒色の焼却灰に対し白色の不溶化剤）。焼却灰の見掛け密度は０．７、供給量は５００ｋｇ／ｈｒ、不溶化剤の供給量は、焼却灰の５重量％、すなわち、２５ｋｇ／ｈｒであった。被混合物移送管は５０Ａ、通過速度は７ｃｍ／ｓであり、高圧水ノズルの内径は０．８ｍｍ、高圧水の圧力は３ＭＰａ、供給量は１２０ｋｇ／ｈｒ、通過速度は６６ｍ／ｓであった。ノズル保護管は８Ａ長さ１３０ｍｍ、筒状混合管は５０Ａ長さ５００ｍｍ、下端から衝突板までの長さは１５０ｍｍであり、衝突板径は６０ｍｍであり、筒状混合管に下端に１５０Ａの飛散防止管を設けた。得られた混合物は極めて均一な混合物であり、水分含有率は２２％重量％であった。
[Example 1]
The prototype shown in FIG. 2 was produced, and a mixture of incinerated ash 100: insolubilizer 5: water 30 was produced. An insolubilizer was added on the incineration ash transport conveyor (white insolubilizer for black incineration ash). The apparent density of the incinerated ash was 0.7, the supply amount was 500 kg / hr, and the supply amount of the insolubilizing agent was 5% by weight of the incineration ash, that is, 25 kg / hr. The mixture transfer pipe was 50 A, the passing speed was 7 cm / s, the inner diameter of the high pressure water nozzle was 0.8 mm, the pressure of the high pressure water was 3 MPa, the supply rate was 120 kg / hr, and the passing speed was 66 m / s. The nozzle protection tube is 8A long, 130mm long, the cylindrical mixing tube is 50A long, 500mm long, the length from the lower end to the collision plate is 150mm, the collision plate diameter is 60mm, and the cylindrical mixing tube is scattered at the lower end of 150A. A prevention tube was provided. The resulting mixture was a very uniform mixture and the water content was 22% by weight.
本発明に係る混合装置を用いれば、２種以上の被混合物、例えば、焼却灰や燃え殻と、重金属不溶化剤とを、得られる混合物中の水分含有率をきわめて低くしつつ、短時間で、かつ、均一に混合し、安定して連続運転することができる。また、本発明に係る混合装置は、省エネルギー・省スペースであり、さらに、撹拌機等に機械的駆動部分がなく、潜在的な機械的故障のおそれがない。したがって、本発明に係る混合装置は、焼却灰や燃え殻の無害化処理に好適に利用可能である。 If the mixing apparatus according to the present invention is used, two or more kinds of mixtures, for example, incineration ash and burning husk, and a heavy metal insolubilizing agent can be obtained in a short time while extremely reducing the moisture content in the resulting mixture. , Can be mixed uniformly and can be stably operated continuously. In addition, the mixing apparatus according to the present invention is energy saving and space saving, and further, the agitator or the like does not have a mechanical drive part, and there is no possibility of a potential mechanical failure. Therefore, the mixing apparatus according to the present invention can be suitably used for the detoxification treatment of incineration ash and burning husk.
１ 高圧水ノズル（単一の場合）
２ ノズル保護管
３ 空気管
４ 筒状混合管
５ 被混合物投入管
６ 衝突板
１０ 混合装置
Ｄｎ ノズルの高圧水吐出口の内径
Ｄ１ ノズル保護管２の内径
Ｌ１ ノズル保護管２の長さ
Ｄ２ 筒状混合管４の内径
Ｌ２ 筒状混合管４の長さ
Ｌ３ 筒状混合管４から下端から衝突板６までの距離（水平平板の場合）
1 High-pressure water nozzle (single case)
2 Nozzle protection tube 3 Air tube 4 Cylindrical mixing tube 5 Mixture input tube 6 Colliding plate 10 Mixing device Dn Inner diameter of nozzle high pressure water discharge port D1 Nozzle protection tube 2 inner diameter L1 Nozzle protection tube 2 length D2 Tubular shape Inner diameter of mixing tube 4 L2 Length of cylindrical mixing tube 4 L3 Distance from cylindrical mixing tube 4 to the collision plate 6 (in the case of a horizontal plate)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118437747A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-08-06 | 宜章志存新材料有限公司 | Lithium carbonate defective goods recovery plant |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118437747A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-08-06 | 宜章志存新材料有限公司 | Lithium carbonate defective goods recovery plant |
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