JP2018522155A - Anchor device and anchor method - Google Patents

Abstract

An anchor device and an anchor method for fixing an anchor device to a formation are provided. An anchor device (1) for securing to a formation comprising a drill rod (2) and an anchor sleeve (3) at least partially surrounding the drill rod (2), The drill rod (2) includes a drive end (20) coupled to the drilling rig and a drilling end (21) having a drill head (26) drilling a hole in the formation, and the anchoring device is coupled to the drilling rig. Driven to drill holes in the formation by the drill head, and as the holes are drilled, push the anchor sleeve (3) to the insertion position of the holes so that the anchor sleeve (3) engages the surrounding formation. It is configured. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an anchor device and an anchor method. The present invention relates to a rock bolt type anchor device and an anchor method for installing such an anchor device, although not exclusively, and particularly relates to a device suitable for a marine environment and a method of construction. Is.

  Rock bolt type anchor devices are known, especially in the mining sector. There are rock bolts of various structures of various materials available for the application. The rock bolt is generally in the form of an elongate shaft that is fixed in a borehole formed in the rock and provides reinforcing support for the rock.

  A common method of installing a rock bolt is to drill a hole in the rock using a drill rod, then pull out the drill rod and then use a resin or grout compound to lock the bolt into the hole. Is fixed.

  It is also known to use self-drilling lock bolts. This uses this bolt also as a drill rod. Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose examples of such devices.

  Other bolt devices are disclosed in Patent Documents 5 to 8.

WO2000060215 WO2008000015 WO2012012392 WO2012167167 WO2000060215 WO2008000015 WO2012012392 WO2012167167

  All of the above conventional devices require a large number of operations, and some of these operations are performed simultaneously. In addition, many of these operations involve the operation of injecting grout or resin between passages in the lock bolt or between the lock bolt and the associated locking member.

A first non-exclusive object of the present invention is to overcome at least some of the problems associated with known structures, for example to provide a simpler and / or more effective anchoring device and method. It is in.
A more general and non-exclusive object of the present invention is to provide an improved anchoring device and method.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anchoring device for securing to a formation such as a rock formation.
The anchor device includes a drill rod and an anchor sleeve that at least partially surrounds the drill rod, the drill rod having a drive end coupled to the drill device and a drill head that drills a hole in the formation. The anchor device is driven by being coupled to the drilling device, and the drill head drills the formation into the formation, and as the hole is drilled, the anchor sleeve is moved to the insertion position of the hole. The anchor sleeve is configured to engage with the surrounding formation in the pushed and inserted position.

  Thus, the present invention provides an anchor device that can be used as a self-drilling anchor that engages with the formation surrounding the hole when the hole is made. As a result, the number of steps required to fix the anchor device in place can be reduced.

  The anchor device may include elastic biasing means for biasing the anchor sleeve to engage the surrounding formation, for example when the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position. Does the elastic biasing means comprise one or more properties of the aforementioned components, such as, for example, the material and / or shape or configuration of the anchor sleeve and / or a separate component such as an elastic element? Or may be provided.

  The drill head may be configured such that a hole smaller than an outer diameter of the anchor sleeve is formed and the anchor sleeve is tightly fitted to the hole. The outer dimension of the drill head may be smaller than the outer dimension of the anchor sleeve, for example, the outer dimension or the maximum outer dimension of the sleeve at the portion inserted into the hole. As an example, the outer dimension includes a radially outer dimension, such as an outer diameter.

  The anchor sleeve may be formed of an elastically deformable material, for example, so as to elastically bias the surrounding formation during use. The elastically deformable material of the anchor sleeve may include the elastic biasing means or may include at least a part thereof.

  The anchor sleeve may include gripping means on its outer surface, and the gripping means may be configured to engage a surrounding formation. The gripping means may include one or more, ie two or more jaws, hooks or ridges. At least one and each jaw, hook or ridge extends outwardly relative to the anchor sleeve. As an additional or alternative, at least one or each of the jaws, hooks or ridges extends towards the drive end of the rod. At least one or each of the jaws, hooks or ridges may be provided with an introduction or taper on the side of the drilling end of the drill, for example to facilitate the insertion of the anchor sleeve into the hole. Good. Further, the at least one or each of the jaws, hooks or ridges faces its drive end, for example engaging the surrounding formation and / or preventing removal of the anchor sleeve from the hole. It may contain sharp edges.

  At least one or each of the jaws, hooks or ridges may extend around the anchor sleeve or at least a portion of the periphery. As an example, the anchor sleeve includes a plurality of jaws, hooks or ridges spaced longitudinally and / or along their length. Additionally or alternatively, the anchor sleeve may include a plurality of jaws, hooks or ridges that are circumferentially spaced and / or spaced around the circumference. Preferably, at least one or each of the jaws, hooks or ridges is integral with the anchor sleeve, eg a hollow body of the anchor sleeve.

  The anchor sleeve includes a circumferential discontinuity or slot that is a longitudinally extending slot, which may extend along part or all of the length of the anchor sleeve. Good. The anchor sleeve may include a split sleeve or a collet. The circumferential discontinuities or slots allow or allow the anchor sleeve to be compressed. For example, the anchor sleeve allows or allows diametrically compressed dimensions and / or reduced dimensions, or diameters or effective dimensions or diameters to be compressed. The circumferential discontinuity or slot is such that when in use the anchor sleeve is forcibly inserted into the insertion position of the hole, the outer or effective size or diameter of the anchor sleeve is such that the hole Allows or allows to be compressed or reduced.

  The anchor sleeve may comprise one or more recesses or depressions or grooves extending in the radial and / or circumferential and / or longitudinal direction of the anchor sleeve. As an example, the anchor sleeve includes one or more stress relief features. This is configured, for example, to reduce the peak stress experienced by the anchor sleeve during use. The recess, recess or groove may include or include the stress relief mechanism. Preferably, the or each stress relaxation function includes a groove, such as a longitudinal groove. The longitudinal groove may extend along at least a part of the length of the anchor sleeve.

  The anchor sleeve may include a drive surface for pushing the anchor sleeve into the hole, for example, the drive collar of the excavator can engage during use. The anchor sleeve may include a flange. This flange may be adjacent to the drive end of the drill rod and / or may include or provide a drive surface. As an example, the anchor sleeve includes a flange that, in use, engages a drive collar of the excavator to push the anchor sleeve into the hole. The anchor sleeve may include an introducer and / or a taper to facilitate elastic diametric compression of the anchor sleeve. The introduction portion and / or the taper may be located near a drilling end of the drill rod and / or may be disposed at an end of the anchor sleeve opposite to the flange.

  The anchor device may include an elastic element that at least partially surrounds the anchor sleeve. The elastic element may include or provide at least a portion of the elastic biasing means. The elastic element may be configured to be compressed during use when the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position. Additionally or alternatively, the elastic element may be configured to be compressed between the flange and the formation, for example, in use, thereby biasing the anchor sleeve in a direction opposite to the drill direction. Good. The elastic element may be an elastic washer, e.g. a washer that is formed of a flexible material and / or is planar or non-planar in shape. The washer may be undulating and / or may include circumferential discontinuities or divisions or slots. As an example, the elastic element may be a spring washer.

  The outer dimension of the drill head or drill head, e.g. the cutting dimension outside it, may be larger than the inner dimension of the sleeve and / or the outer dimension of the sleeve, e.g. the sleeve inserted into the hole Is smaller than the outer dimension of the part. The drill rod includes an elongated hollow body or shaft, the outer dimension or diameter of which is smaller than the inner dimension of the sleeve and / or has an outer dimension or diameter that can be received within the sleeve. Yes. The drill head may comprise a hard material different from one or more other parts of the drill rod, for example a hollow body or a shaft. The drill head may be removable from another part, for example, a hollow body, for example, with a screw or the like. The hollow body or shaft may include a receiving hole or blind hole, for example a threaded receiving hole or blind hole. The drill head may include a shaft that can be screwed into a receiving hole or blind hole, for example a threaded shaft.

  The drill rod or its hollow body or shaft may include a scroll structure or a helical structure, for example, a protrusion, a protrusion, a longitudinal groove or a spiral groove extending between the drill head and the drilling end. Good. The scroll structure or the helical structure may, for example, rewind or discard waste from the excavation end to the drive end and / or between the drill rod and / or scroll structure or helical structure and the anchor sleeve. It may be for carrying.

  Another aspect of the invention provides an anchor system, such as, for example, a rock formation anchor system. This includes one or more of the anchor devices having one or more features described above, and / or a drilling device having one or more features described above.

  Preferably, the drilling device includes connecting means, such as a chuck, adapted to be coupled to the drilling end of the drill rod. More preferably, the drilling rig includes a drive collar. With this drive collar, the excavator engages with the drive surface or flange of the anchor sleeve, for example pushing the anchor sleeve into the hole. The excavator may include a motor and a frame. The motor, for example, drives the drill rod to rotate. The frame is capable of moving the chuck toward and / or away from the formation during use.

  According to yet another aspect of the invention, a kit of parts for assembling an anchoring device is provided. For example, the kit includes one or more drill rods and / or anchor sleeves and / or elastic elements.

  Preferably, the kit includes an anchor sleeve and a drill rod that is at least partially surrounded by the anchor sleeve and inserted into the anchor sleeve. The drill rod includes a driving end for coupling to a drilling device and a drilling end having a drill head that drills a hole in the formation. When the drilling rig is assembled, the drill head is connected to the drilling rig and driven to drill a hole in the formation, and as the hole is drilled, push the anchor sleeve to the insertion position of the hole, In the insertion position, the anchor sleeve is configured to engage the surrounding formation.

  As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an anchor method for fixing the above-described anchor device to the formation. The anchor method includes a step of connecting a drilling device to a drilling end of a drill rod, a step of driving the drilling end of the drill rod, and drilling a hole in the formation by the drill head, and as the hole is drilled, Forcing an anchor sleeve at least partially surrounding a drill rod into the hole to an insertion position where the anchor sleeve engages the surrounding formation.

  The anchor sleeve is forced to engage the surrounding formation, for example by elastic biasing means, for example when the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position. The hole to be drilled may be smaller than the outer dimension of the anchor sleeve so that, for example, the anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole for a tight fit. The anchor sleeve may be formed of, for example, an elastically deformable material so as to elastically bias the surrounding formation.

  The anchor sleeve is forced on its outer surface to engage the surrounding formation, for example when the anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole and / or when the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position. It may include a gripping means.

  The anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole by the collar of the drilling device and engages the drive surface or flange of the anchor sleeve adjacent to the drilling end of the drill rod. In this anchoring method, depending on the collar and using this collar, the drive surface is engaged with the flange and the anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole. The anchor method may include a step of compressing an elastic element that at least partially surrounds the anchor sleeve between the flange and the formation as the anchor sleeve is pushed into an insertion position, for example.

This anchor method may include, for example, a step of releasing the engagement with the flange and retracting the collar of the excavator after the anchor sleeve is pushed into the insertion position. For example, the elastic element may include pushing the anchor sleeve in a direction parallel and / or opposite to the drill direction. Additionally or alternatively, this anchoring method may be used, for example, after drilling the hole and / or after the anchor sleeve has been pushed into the insertion position, for example the drill rod stays in the hole. In addition, a step of releasing the drill rod may be included.
The anchor sleeve may be configured to hold the drill rod in the hole. For example, the anchor sleeve may prevent or prevent the drill rod from moving out of the hole.

  For the avoidance of doubt, any of the features described herein apply equally to any aspect of the invention. For example, the anchor device may include any one or more features of the anchor system or kit of parts, or vice versa. Similarly, the anchoring method may include any one or more features or steps related to the one or more features described above in connection with the anchor system or kit of parts, or The reverse may be possible.

  The device, system, or kit of parts of the present invention may include a support plate. In some embodiments, the bearing plate is configured to be disposed on a formation, for example, a rock formation, or to the formation, or near an exposed surface of the formation. The support plate may be substantially flat, and may include an opening in the thickness direction thereof. The bearing plate may be configured to be secured to or on the formation, thereby providing a substantially flat surface. The elastic element may be configured to be compressed between the anchor sleeve or a flange thereof and the support plate.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a computer program comprising and / or describing and / or defining a three-dimensional design for use with a three-dimensional printing means, or a three-dimensional printer, or additive manufacturing means or apparatus. Provides an element. The three-dimensional design includes one or more components of the apparatus embodiment described above.

Within the scope of this specification, the various aspects, examples, examples and alternatives set forth in each of the preceding paragraphs, claims and / or the following description and drawings, and in particular their individual features, Or any combination can be performed. Features of all embodiments and / or any embodiment can be combined in any manner and / or combination, except where such features are not compatible.
For the avoidance of doubt, terms such as “possible”, “and / or”, “for example”, and similar terms, as used herein, are not limiting.
Indeed, combinations of optional features are expressly contemplated without departing from the scope of the invention, whether or not they are explicitly claimed. Applicant reserves the right to modify the original claim and submits a new claim, including the right to modify the original claim, including features that were not originally claimed and do not depend on any features of other claims Reserves the right to

It is an isometric sectional drawing which shows the state installed in the place of use of the anchor apparatus which concerns on 1st Example of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the anchor apparatus of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of an anchor device along the AA section of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the anchor apparatus of FIG. 1 which shows the installation condition in a use place. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a portion of an anchor system including a drilling device and an anchor device. 1 is an isometric view of an axially toothed system. FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an anchor device or anchor 1 engaged with a support plate BP on a base layer S according to one embodiment of the present invention. The anchor device 1 includes a drill rod 2, an anchor sleeve 3, and a washer (elastic element) 4. The anchor device 1 is shown in a state where it is installed in a submarine base S in the sea composed of stratified rocks in order to provide a position of a mooring means (not shown) for restraining a pipeline on the sea bottom. In some embodiments, the anchoring device 1 can be used for other applications, such as maintaining rock wall integrity.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the drill rod 2 is an elongated member formed of steel, most preferably super duplex steel, with a first drive end 20 and a shaft 22 interposed therebetween. The second excavation end 21 is continuous. On the outer surface 23 of the shaft 22, there is a continuous spiral groove 24 for transporting the waste, which extends from the excavation end 21 to the drive end 20. The drive end 20 includes a connecting pin 25 for making a releasable connection with the excavator (reference numeral 10 in FIG. 5). The digging end 21 includes a drill head 26 having a cutting edge 27, the drill head 26 having an outer diameter dimension d1.

  The anchor sleeve 3 is also formed from steel, most preferably super duplex steel, and has a cylindrical hollow body 30 with a distal end 31 and a proximal end 32. The hollow body 30 is divided in the longitudinal direction so as to have fan-shaped discontinuities or slots 33 in plan view. As a result, the anchor sleeve 3 is partially compressed in the diameter direction by the action of an external force, but when the external force is released, the anchor sleeve 3 elastically returns to its original shape due to the inherent elasticity of the super duplex steel.

  A flange 34 integral with the hollow body projects outwardly from the distal end 31 of the hollow body 30, and the flange 34 has an upper engaging surface 35 and a lower pressing surface 36.

  The outer surface of the hollow body 30 includes a taper 37 at the proximal end 32. The inner diameter d2 of the hollow body 30 is configured to be slightly smaller than the outer dimension d1 of the drill head 26.

  The outer surface of the hollow body 30 has a plurality of jaws 38 that are oriented toward the proximal end 32. A plurality of stress relief grooves 39 extend in the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of the hollow body 30 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. This stress relief groove 39 allows a change in the diameter of the anchor sleeve and thus influences the radial load that the anchor sleeve receives.

  In the vicinity of the flange 34 of the anchor sleeve 3, a spring, a preload washer or a waved washer 4 is provided. The washer 4 is polyurethane in this example (however, it may be another suitable material or may be a Belleville type spring washer). The washer may extend radially outward from the flange 34. The washer 4 is installed on the lower surface 36 (that is, facing the hollow body 30).

  Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, there is shown an anchor device 1 that is embedded in a base layer using a drilling device 10 having a motor 11, a connector or chuck 12, an engagement collar 13 and a movable iron piece 14. FIG. .

  The motor 11 is a standard type motor suitable for use in the sea, and is installed on the lower surface of the movable iron piece 14. The connection pin 25 of the anchor device 1 is connected to the motor 11 via the connector 12. The engagement collar 13 has an opening 13a, and the opening 13a surrounds the shaft 22 of the drill rod 2 that can freely pass through the opening in a non-contact manner. The engagement collar 13 has a substantially flat lower surface 13 b that is suitable for engagement with the engagement surface 35 of the flange 34 of the anchor sleeve 3. The bracket 15 firmly fixes the engagement collar 13 to the movable iron piece 14.

  In use, a substantially flat steel bearing plate BP having a circular opening (not shown) in the thickness direction is installed on the base layer S at the intended use location. The diameter of the opening allows the hollow body 30 of the anchor sleeve 3 to freely pass through, but the flange 34 protruding outward is configured to abut. A spring, preload or wavy washer 4 is arranged around the opening of the bearing plate BP. In this case, a spring washer 4 is used.

  The drilling device 10 is arranged at the intended use location so that the drill head 26 of the anchor device 1 is aligned with the opening of the bearing plate BP and the spring washer 4. The movable iron piece 14, which is only partially shown in FIG. 5, is driven downward along the length of the anchor device 1 as indicated by arrow B. The movable iron piece 14 is driven by any appropriate means, for example, pneumatic operating means or hydraulic operating means (both not shown).

  When the motor 11 is activated, the anchor device 1 rotates. The cutting surface 27 of the drill head 26 bites into the base layer S in association with the engagement with the base layer S to make a hole. As the anchor device 1 is pushed into the hole formed in this way, waste from the perforated base layer S is conveyed from this hole along the outer spiral groove 24 of the shaft 22.

  At the same time, the lower surface 13 b of the locking collar 13 engages with the locking surface 35 of the anchor sleeve 3, and the anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole of the base layer S in conjunction with the drill rod 2. The drill head 26 drills a hole having a diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the anchor sleeve 3. The taper 37 of the tip 32 of the anchor sleeve 3 is first engaged with the drill hole. While being inserted into the drill hole, the anchor sleeve 3 is compressed in the diametrical direction due to the difference in diameter between the diameter of the drill hole and the outer surface of the anchor sleeve 3. Due to the diametrical compression of the anchor sleeve 3, the outer surface of the anchor sleeve is radially biased with respect to the inner wall of the drill hole, to which a gripping force due to friction is applied.

  The drill rod 2 is pierced in the base layer S until the pressing surface 36 of the flange 34 of the anchor sleeve 3 engages with the spring washer 4 and is pressed against the support plate BP. Thereafter, the downward force applied to the excavator 10 is removed, and the motor 11 is disconnected from the connection pin 25 of the drill rod 2. As a result, the spring washer 4 is released from the excavator 10 and elastically biases the flange 34 of the anchor sleeve 3 away from the support plate BP. Accordingly, the anchor sleeve 3 is returned along the previous movement path, thereby fixing the anchor sleeve 3 in place.

  As the anchor sleeve 3 is pushed back along the previous movement path, the anchor sleeve is pushed between the outer surface of the anchor sleeve and the inner wall of the drill hole or between the gripping means, that is, the inner wall of the drill hole. 3 is fixed in place via any friction between the outer surface jaws 38. As described above, the drill head 26 of the drill rod 2 has the outer dimension d1 larger than the inner diameter d2 of the anchor sleeve 3, so that the drill rod 2 is held by the anchor sleeve 3 in the drill hole.

  Desirably, the drill rod is not constrained by the drill so that the drill rod can be disengaged. The device may include an axial toothed system so that a compressive load is transmitted to the drill rod during drilling but no tensile load is applied. For example, such a system may be part of a connector or chuck 12. Alternatively, the system may be a separate component between the drill rod and the connector. As shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the two portions 40a and 40b can be connected by axial teeth. In this way, the drill rod can be removed from the excavator. The diameters of the portions 40a and 40b are larger than the inner diameter of the anchor sleeve, and if necessary, means may be provided to hold the drill rod therein, for example so as not to fall through the anchor sleeve.

  The restoring force of the spring washer 4 (or other elastic element) pre-tensions the anchor sleeve to return the anchor sleeve along the previous travel path. This makes it possible to test the ability of the anchor device (for fixing the anchor sleeve 3 in the formation) before removing the excavator.

  Similar to standard bolting operations, the length of the drill rod depends on the load. The sleeve is not used beyond the yield point of the material (eg, about 2% strain for steel).

  Thereafter, an appropriately configured mooring means (not shown) is attached to the drive end 20 of the drill rod 2 for mooring a submarine pipeline or other subsea facility.

The drill rod 2 remains in the drill hole as part of the anchor device 1 and therefore the drill rod cannot be used to drill further holes in another base layer S. Thus, according to the present invention, a new drill 2 bit is required for each anchor device 1 drill, increasing the cost of the drill material. However, in contrast to the known submarine anchored anchoring method, the anchoring method of the present invention can be carried out by the excavator 10 being remotely operated completely automatically.
Conveniently, this automatic anchor construction method or automatic anchor placement system can also be used in places where a diver in the sea cannot work or in deep places, and therefore cannot be installed by known anchor construction methods. Can be installed. Furthermore, the anchor method of the present invention requires fewer steps than known anchor methods, leading to savings in installation time and associated costs.

  Those skilled in the art will appreciate that several variations to the above-described embodiments are envisioned without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, you may install the anchor apparatus 1 in the alternative base material S in the sea or the sea, for example, an unstratified rock. Or although the spring washer 4 was arrange | positioned between the flange 34 and the support plate BP, it does not need to be limited to this. Any position that biases the anchor sleeve 3 outward from the drill hole may be located, for example, between the drill head 26 and the distal end 32 of the anchor sleeve 3.

  Additionally or alternatively, the spring washer 4 may be replaced with a spring or replaced with another elastic material. Although the example which installed the anchor apparatus 1 in the support plate BP was shown, it is not limited to this, You may install the anchor apparatus 1 directly with respect to the base layer S. FIG. Or although the example which fixed the engagement collar 13 to the movable iron piece 14 was shown, it is not limited to this, The engagement collar 13 other than the motor 11 or the excavation apparatus 10 by other suitable means. You may fix to the component of.

  Combinations of the foregoing features and / or any number of features shown in the attached figures provide obvious advantages over the prior art and are therefore within the scope of the invention as described herein. This will be understood by those skilled in the art.

  In the above configuration, the unit including the drill rod and the anchor sleeve remains in the drilled hole. This unit remains as a single part.

  According to this configuration, the anchor device is provided with greater strength compared to known configurations (eg, allowing a flexible pipe to be anchored to the seabed).

  Throughout the description and claims, the words “comprise” and “contain” and variations thereof mean “including but not limited to” It is not intended to exclude (and not exclude) other parts, additives, ingredients, integers or steps. Throughout this description and throughout the claims, the singular includes the plural unless the context requires otherwise. In particular, if the indefinite article is used, the sentence should be understood as considering the plural and singular unless the context requires otherwise.

  Features, integers, properties, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in connection with a particular embodiment, example or embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise inconsistent with other embodiments, implementations described herein. The present invention can also be applied to the embodiment or the embodiment. All features disclosed in this specification (including dependent claims, abstracts and drawings) and / or every step of a disclosed method or process may include at least some of those features and / or steps Can be combined in any combination except where are mutually exclusive. The present invention is not limited to the detailed description of the foregoing embodiments. The present invention covers novel features or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification (including dependent claims, abstracts and drawings), and / or the present invention is not limited to the disclosed methods and processes. It extends to any new or new combination of steps.

  The reader's interest will be directed to all documents and documents filed with or prior to this specification in connection with the present application and made available to the public for viewing with this specification. Documents and document contents are hereby incorporated by reference.

1 Anchor device 2 Drill rod 3 Anchor sleeve 4 Washer (elastic element)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Excavator 11 Motor 12 Connector or chuck 13 Engagement collar 14 Movable iron piece 15 Bracket 20 Drive end 21 Excavation end 22 Shaft 23 Shaft outer surface 24 Spiral groove 25 Connecting pin 26 Drill head 27 Cutting edge 30 Anchor sleeve hollow body 31 Distant Position end 32 Proximal end 33 Slot 34 Flange 35 Engagement surface 36 Press surface 37 Taper 38 Jaw 39 Stress relaxation groove 40a Part 40b Part B Driving direction BP Bearing plate S Submarine base layer

Claims (30)

An anchor device for fixing to the formation,
A drill rod and an anchor sleeve at least partially surrounding the drill rod;
The drill rod includes a driving end connected to a drilling device, and a drilling end having a drill head that drills a hole in the formation,
The anchor device is driven by being connected to the drilling device, and a hole is formed in the formation by the drill head, and as the hole is formed, the anchor sleeve is pushed to an insertion position of the hole, An anchor device, wherein the anchor sleeve is configured to engage with the surrounding formation. The anchor device according to claim 1,
An anchoring device comprising elastic biasing means configured to bias the anchor sleeve to engage the surrounding formation when in the insertion position. The anchor device according to claim 1 or 2,
The drill device is configured such that the drill head has a hole smaller than an outer diameter of the anchor sleeve, and the anchor sleeve is tightly fitted to the hole. The anchor device according to claim 3,
The anchor sleeve is made of a material that is elastically deformable, and is configured to elastically bias the surrounding formation in use. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The anchor sleeve has a gripping means for engaging with the surrounding formation on the outer surface thereof. The anchor device according to claim 5,
The anchor device, wherein the gripping means includes a plurality of jaws. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The anchor device includes a vertical slot along at least a part of its length. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The anchor device includes one or more stress relief features configured to reduce peak stress experienced by the anchor sleeve during use. The anchor device according to claim 8,
Each of the stress relieving functions includes a longitudinal groove extending along at least a portion of the length of the anchor sleeve. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The anchor sleeve includes a driving surface with which a driving collar of the excavator is engaged, and the driving surface applies a force so that the anchor sleeve enters the hole when in use. Anchor device characterized. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The anchor device, wherein the anchor sleeve includes a flange adjacent to the drive end of the drill rod. The anchor device according to claim 11, wherein
And includes an elastic element that at least partially surrounds the anchor sleeve and is configured to be compressed such that when in use, the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position, the flange and the formation. An anchor device, wherein the anchor sleeve is configured to bias the anchor sleeve in a direction opposite to the drill direction. The anchor device according to claim 12,
The anchor device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic element includes a resilient washer. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The drill device is characterized in that the drill head is larger than an inner diameter of the anchor sleeve. The anchor device according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
The anchor device, wherein the drill rod includes a spiral groove extending between the drill head and the drive end. An anchor system,
Including a drilling device and one or more anchor devices according to any one of claims 1 to 15,
The drilling device includes a chuck for coupling to the drilling end of the drill rod, and a drive collar for engaging a drive surface or flange of the anchor sleeve,
An anchor system according to claim 1, wherein, in use, a force is applied by the drive collar so that the anchor sleeve enters the hole as the hole is opened. A kit of parts for assembling the anchor device,
The kit includes an anchor sleeve and a drill rod inserted into the anchor sleeve, wherein the anchor sleeve is configured to at least partially surround the drill rod;
The drill rod includes a driving end for connecting to a drilling device and a drilling end having a drill head for drilling a hole in the formation;
The anchor device is driven by being connected to the drilling device, and a hole is formed in the formation by the drill head, and the anchor sleeve is pushed to an insertion position of the hole as the hole is formed, and the anchor device is inserted at the insertion position. A kit of parts, wherein the sleeve is configured to engage the surrounding formation. An anchor method for fixing the anchor device to the formation,
Connecting the drilling end of the drill rod to the drilling device;
Driving the drilling end of the drill rod and drilling a formation in the formation with a drill head at the drilling end;
Pushing the anchor sleeve at least partially surrounding the drill rod into the hole as the hole is drilled to an insertion position where the anchor sleeve engages the surrounding formation. Anchor construction method. The anchor construction method according to claim 17,
The anchor method is characterized in that the anchor sleeve is forced to engage with the surrounding formation by an elastic biasing means when the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position. The anchor construction method according to claim 17 or 18,
An anchor construction method, wherein the vacated hole is smaller than an outer diameter of the anchor sleeve, and the anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole so as to have an interference fit. The anchor construction method according to claim 19,
The anchor sleeve is made of an elastically deformable material, and the anchor sleeve elastically biases the surrounding formation. The anchor construction method according to any one of claims 17 to 20,
An anchor construction method characterized in that the anchor sleeve includes gripping means on its outer surface that are forced to engage with the surrounding formation when the anchor sleeve is in the insertion position. The anchor construction method according to any one of claims 17 to 21,
The anchor method is characterized in that the anchor sleeve is pushed into the hole by a collar of the excavator that engages a drive surface of the anchor sleeve. The anchor construction method according to claim 22,
An anchor method characterized in that the collar engages with a flange of the anchor sleeve provided close to the drive end of the drill rod and pushes the anchor sleeve into the hole. The anchor construction method according to claim 23,
An anchoring method, wherein an elastic element surrounding at least a part of the anchor sleeve is compressed between the flange and the formation as the anchor sleeve is pushed into the insertion position. The anchor construction method according to claim 24,
After the anchor sleeve is pushed into the insertion position, the collar of the excavator is disengaged from the flange, and the anchor sleeve is retracted in a direction opposite to the drill direction by the elastic element. A characteristic anchor method. The anchor construction method according to any one of claims 17 to 25,
After the hole is drilled, the drill rod is released so that the drill rod stays in the hole.   An anchoring device substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.   A rock anchor system substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.   An anchor method for securing an anchor device to a formation substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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