JP2018508604A - Composition for improving properties of substrate and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A surface treatment composition comprising polymer complex nanoparticles used for a hydrophobic agent and siloxane complex nanoparticles used for a suspending agent thereof. The composition of the present invention is a solution containing a plurality of components. The main components are an acid mixture and a base mixture that are combined together in the manner described herein to produce a two part liquid solution. The two parts are combined together and cured on the surface before application to the surface.

Description

Background of the Invention The present invention relates to compositions and methods for protecting surfaces. More particularly, the present invention relates to polymer-based surface finishing systems. The present invention provides an effective sealant for various substrates including, but not limited to, porous substrates such as cement.

2. Description of the Prior Art There is a continuing need for coatings, treatments or finishes that protect the surface against adverse environments. For example, protective coatings are required for a variety of substrates that can be economically effective substrates, but suffer degradation as a result of environmental exposure. Their useful life is corrosion, fragmentation, and the like due to rain, snow, ice, and other environmental factors, including artificial elements that remain on the surface of the substrate and degrade it over time Can be severely limited. For example, cement is a widely used substrate for providing a structural foundation for all kinds of purposes. Unfortunately, it can fail due to the fatal effects of exposure to various conditions. It would be desirable to provide a surface treatment that can be used on otherwise desirable substrates, including but not limited to cement.

  Surface treatments such as coatings are often applied to a substrate to protect the surface of such substrate from corrosive and other degradation conditions. Some substrates are better than others in that they resist degradation but are more expensive. Other substrates are cost effective but more prone to degradation. It is desirable to use a lower cost material for the substrate while coating the substrate with a surface treatment that remains effective on the substrate and minimizes the adverse effects of environmental conditions. Typically, liquid coatings are used as protective coatings for many substrates, including non-metallic substrates such as cement. However, while existing liquid coatings can be applied effectively, they suffer from a number of drawbacks, most notably the use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as solvents for their preparation and application. It is. Although the increase in the number of restrictions on VOCs has led to the development of aqueous and high solids coatings, its use is limited by long drying times, slow cure rates, especially by incomplete surface coverage at the microscopic level Which leads to insufficient weather resistance.

  Films and coatings containing fluoro-containing polymers are known and their inertness to moisture, many solvents, and weathering conditions is also known. For example, Teflon ™, available from the DuPont Company, is an important rain repellent when incorporated or sprayed into clothing, upholstery, and other fabrics. Poly (tetrafluoroethylene) compounds that have found use. However, fluoro-containing polymers are usually non-polar and do not readily adhere to many common surfaces such as wood, metal, cement, and other polymers. Also, fluoro-containing polymers are usually more expensive than their hydrocarbon polymer equivalents. There is an ongoing need for fluoro-containing polymer protective coatings that are improved, cost effective, strongly bonded, and long lasting.

  Self-supporting protective and / or decorative multilayers are known for outdoor use (eg outdoor signage, car bodies). Typically, such membranes include an adhesive layer, an optionally colored membrane layer, and an overlay or protective layer. Effective protective coatings must adhere strongly to the substrate and maintain the integrity of the coating, such as heat, oxidants, solvents, sunlight, scratches, and soot and glazing and rocks Must withstand attacks from colliding objects. However, such types of treatment are expensive and require special attention to the application process. They may also not be effective against relatively porous substrates such as cement.

  Thus, what is needed is a composition that can be used as an effective surface protectant and / or as a surface enhancer, is relatively easy to apply and is cost effective. The composition should not harm the surface to which it is applied, but should provide a complete coating that minimizes the porosity with which the underlying substrate can be directly exposed to environmental conditions. What is also needed is a method for making such compositions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition that can be used as an effective surface protectant and / or as a surface enhancer, is relatively easy to apply and is cost effective. The composition is formed to minimize or avoid harm to the surface to which it is applied. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a complete coating with little to no gap in the coating that can directly expose the underlying substrate to environmental conditions, even at a microscopic level. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for making such a composition.

  The present invention is a nanocoating composition that can be used to treat the surface of a substrate to protect the surface from environmental conditions including but not limited to water damage. The composition is applied to a relatively clean surface of the substrate that contains little to no corrosion present to maximize the protection benefits of the composition when applied to the surface of the substrate. The composition does not bind to the corroded metal surface and cannot be removed if bonded to the surface and there is no aspect of its use that involves removing it in combination with removal of the corroded metal surface.

  The composition of the present invention is a solution containing a plurality of components. The main components are an acid mixture and a base mixture that are combined together in the manner described herein to produce a two part liquid solution. The two parts are combined together and cured on the surface before application to the surface. Specifically, the composition is first provided in a liquid form that is applied by spraying or the like to the surface to be protected. The surface should be as clean as possible without any corroded material on it. The sprayed composition first forms a transparent layer that turns opaque when cured. The composition is applied in at least two steps. The first layer is applied as a thin film that bonds to the surface by integrating with microscopic gaps on the surface of the substrate. The second layer is a layer of the coating that is applied and bonded to the first layer and is exposed to the atmosphere when cured. Thereby, the combination of layers protects the substrate. The composition is neither applied nor used to be removed from the surface of the substrate.

  The composition comprises polymer nanoparticles and hydrogen hydroxide fused together to achieve a polymer nanofusion composition. Typically, a nanoparticle is a particle having at least one dimension less than 100 nanometers (nm). For purposes of the present invention, the polymer nanoparticles are about 50 nm or less, but are not particularly limited thereto. Instead, the polymer nanoparticles of the present invention are any polymer particles that are small enough to fit into gaps, holes, valleys, etc. of the substrate having the surface to be finished. They may be in the range of about 15 nm to about 50 nm.

  The solution composition of the present invention is formed by fusing polymer nanoparticles together with hydrogen hydroxide (water) as a hydrogen bond providing carrier, and then encapsulating the fused combination in the manner described herein. Is done. Each component of the composition acts in concert with the other components to provide a surface finish that is more easily and more quickly applied over a wide range of environmental conditions. It is environmentally friendly, hard and penetrates more firmly and deeply than conventional finishes. It remains functional up to 400 ° C. and provides significantly better protection from the sun, soil, discoloration, static electricity, and friction than traditional finishes. It is suitable for use on a wide range of substrates, including relatively non-porous substrates such as metals, and relatively porous substrates such as cement.

  The solution composition of the present invention can be used to relieve static electricity through negative charging of polymer nanoparticles and hydrogen fusion bonds of the particles during the fabrication process. The nanoparticles are small enough to penetrate the surface of the substrate to be treated and below the surface to make permanent bonds by filling the nano- and micropores on and above the surface.

  The fusion bonded nanoparticles can flow into the surface to form an integral bond with the surface, minimizing the wear effects of contact with wind, water, or other surfaces. As the water carrier evaporates, the polymer forms an excellent alloy-like bond, isolates the surface and requires much less reapplication. Nanometer-sized polymer particles provide excellent penetration and sequestration of most soft and hard surfaces, provide protection against oxidation, and provide excellent protection from soiling, discoloration, and UV degradation. Subsequent application of the composition is better suited to combine with application of the previous composition, improving the protection of the substrate. The finish reduces friction and repels dust, dirt, and moisture and suppresses oxidation, corrosion, contamination, static electricity, discoloration, and UV damage. The composition can be used to protect almost any structure to which it is applied with little to no adverse environmental impact.

  These and other advantages of the invention will become apparent upon review of the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The composition of the present invention for coating the surface of a substrate to protect the substrate from environmental conditions comprises an acid mixture component, sometimes referred to herein as part A component, A base mixture component, sometimes referred to in the specification as part B component.

Acid mixture . The acid mixture components include the following components: monopotassium phosphate (MKP), titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), hydrogen hydroxide (H ₂ O or water), silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), tribasic potassium phosphate (K ₃ PO ₄ ), including tripotassium phosphate, phosphoric acid, and hydrophobic agents. The hydrophobic agent may be a nanosiloxane complex comprising nanoparticles in the size range of about 20 nanometers (nm) to about 50 nm. Hydrophobic agents are isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane, isobutyltriethoxyisosilane, triisobutylsilicateisosilane, organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane, organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilanehydroxy (in cap), alkoxytrisilicate isobutyl Isosilane, organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilanehydroxy (in cap), alkoxytrisilicate organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilanehydroxy (in cap), triethoxymethylpropanal cyclic silane, alkoxytrisilicate, organofunctional isobutyl It may be selected from the group consisting of trimethoxyisosilane hydroxy (OH in-cap reactivity), and ethyl trichlorosilane carbomethoxy. “In cap” refers to a hydroxyalkyl-functional fluid polymerization with a hydrolyzable end cap such as a methoxy group (the alkyl group component reacts with a hydroxyl group component to produce an end cap having a methoxy group). It should be understood by those skilled in the art.

Base mixture . The base mixture component is the following components: magnesium hydroxide (MgOH), a pozzolanic material that is a silicate material used to improve the physical properties of cementitious materials (the pozzolans are dehydroxylated clay mineral kaolinite From the form metakaolin, calcium silicate (CaSiO ₃ ), aluminum silicate (AlSiO ₃ ), and fly ash), nanosiloxane complexes, K ₃ PO ₄ , hydrogen hydroxide, and suspending agents It is formed. The suspending agent can be a nanopolymer complex comprising nanoparticles in the size range of about 15 nm to about 50 nm. The suspending agent may be selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride polymer, vinyl chloride polymer, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose ether copolymer, monodiglyceride polymer, polyvinyl acrylic resin, styrene monomer, acrylic monomer, and vinyl acrylic polymer.

The listed ingredients constitute the composition in the following volume fraction ranges:
Acid mixture = MKP (about 48% to about 72%), TiO ₂ (about 0.4% to about 4.8%), SiO ₂ (about 0.6% to about 4.3%), K ₃ PO ₄ (About 4.5% to about 13.5%), hydrogen hydroxide about 18% to about 39%), and a hydrophobic agent (about 0.5% to about 20%).
Base mixture = MgOH (about 28% to about 52%), Pozzalon (about 12% to about 31%), CaSiO 3 (about 14% to about 33%), siloxane (about 0.4% to about 3. _{6%), K 3 PO 4} 1.2% ~ about 4.2%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 24% to about 48%), and suspending agent (from about 0.5% to about 20%).

The composition is subject to preliminary testing. The most promising version of the composition contains the following ingredients in the indicated volume proportions. Part-A : Water (H ₂ O): about 25% to 35%, MKP: about 60% to 65%, phosphoric acid: about 6% to 10%, available from Dow Chemical Company under the trade name Methocel ™ water-soluble polymers such as cellulose ethers _{is: 0.12% ~0.18%, SiO 2} 1% ~5%, TiO 2 1% ~4%, 1% ~8% nanopolymers complex, and nano-siloxane complex 1% to 8%. Part-B : hydrogen hydroxide: about 30 to about 40%, K ₃ PO ₄ : about 2 to about 8%, cellulose ether: about 0.12% to about 0.18%, pozzolinated, ie suspended Metakaolin enhanced to improve the properties of cementitious materials with turbidity agents): about 18% to about 26%, MgOH: about 38% to about 44%, and alkylphenols such as nonylphenol: about 0.01% to About 0.05%). Part A or part of the composition includes one or more additives including but not limited to glass fiber, basalt, and / or aluminum to improve bonding, crosslinking and / or increase the flexural strength of the composition. B may be added to either or both. Such an additive may be in a relatively small physical form, for example in the form of microfibers or microparticles.

Various variations of the compositions of the invention can be made by varying the proportions of the components listed, but the process of combining them is usually the same for those variations. The main common steps of the composition fabrication process include:
Part-A mixture:
1-cellulose ether is mixed with hydrogen hydroxide for 10-12 minutes at room temperature.
The mixture is allowed to stand for 10-12 minutes, then the viscosity (Ford Cup) is checked and maintained for 18-20 seconds.
2-Phosphoric acid is added to the above mixture. Mix for 10-12 minutes.
3-SiO ₂ is added to the above mixture. Mix for 5-7 minutes.
4-MgOH is added to the above mixture. Mix for 5-7 minutes.
5—Add TiO ₂ while mixing the mixture from step 4 above.
6 Continue mixing and add the nanopolymer complex.
7- Continue mixing and add nanosiloxane complex.
8- Continue mixing for 10-12 minutes until the mixture is a creamy stable suspension.
9-Leave the above mixture for 1 hour or cool it to room temperature.
10—Optionally hold batch samples.
Part-B mixture:
1-K ₃ PO ₄ is mixed with hydrogen hydroxide for 5-7 minutes. Return the mixing temperature to 75-80F.
2- Continue mixing to mix the cellulose ether. Mix for 10 minutes. The mixture is then left for 10 minutes, then the viscosity (Ford Cup) is checked and maintained for 8-11 seconds.
3—Pozzolated metakaolin is added while mixing the mixture from step 2 above. Mix for 5 minutes.
4- Start mixing and add MgOH. Mix for 10 minutes and let the mixture stand for 10 minutes. Maintain temperature below or below 110F to 115F. The temperature of this mixture should not rise above 120F. Cool the temperature of the mixture to less than 80F.
5- Add the alkylphenol while mixing the mixture from step 4 above. Mix for 5 minutes. Set the mixture for 1 hour before filling the container.
6 Optionally hold batch samples.

  In all cases, proper quality control is maintained. For example, without limitation, the amount of all components should be measured with suitable accuracy, contaminants should be avoided, and all components must be properly stored. All components should be measured in advance, either by weight or volume, before mixing. All mixing must be done thoroughly, for example using mechanical mixing such as a Hobart mixer. Cross contamination and foreign particulates should be avoided.

  The mixing ratio of Part A and Part B to form the composition of the present invention is about 1: 1. When the user is ready to apply the composition to the substrate, Part A and Part B are separately agitated for at least 3 minutes and then mixed together in a ratio of about 1: 1. The composition is first provided in a liquid form that is applied to the surface of the substrate to be protected, such as by spraying. The surface should be as clean as possible without any corroded material on it. The sprayed composition initially forms a transparent layer that becomes opaque when cured. The composition is applied in at least two steps. The first layer is applied as a thin film that bonds to the surface by integrating with microscopic gaps on the surface of the substrate. The second layer is applied and bonded to the first layer and exposed to the atmosphere. Thereby, the combination of layers protects the substrate. The composition is neither applied nor used to be removed from the surface of the substrate.

  Versions of the composition of the present invention were prepared and evaluated for utility and functionality as protective coatings for surfaces. Samples of two examples of compositions were analyzed for handling, sprayability, and response to the test environment in tests conducted by North Carolina State University's independent Constructed Facilities Laboratories. For evaluation, the sample was applied to a sandblasted mild steel plate. White blasted 4 inch x 4 inch steel plates were used as well as commercially blasted 3 inch x 5 inch plates. The sample consisted of “Part A” and “Part B” which were mixed, evaluated and sprayed onto the steel plate using a handheld cartridge sprayer with a static mixing nozzle. Typically, the sample was well sprayed and flowed through the nozzle without clogging, allowing a thin film coating to be deposited on the steel surface. The example coating compositions tested formed a hard surface within minutes of spraying. Prior to spraying, the sample was reacted in a small cup (mixing part A with part B) and allowed to set all in less than 2 minutes with mixing. Although a given sample had noticeable defects in spraying, there were not significantly enough defects to prevent application or make it unusable.

  In addition to spraying steel samples, extensive demonstrations were performed. A rusted steel beam having dimensions of approximately 14 inches x 30 inches x 16 inches was sandblasted to a commercial grade finish. The beam was blown with compressed air and then sprayed with a thin coat of sample. After coating the beam with a sample of the composition, the beam was then topcoated with a single layer of red enamel paint. A single layer of red topcoat was used, and during the topcoat it was observed that the red paint covered the ceramic more easily than if it covered bare steel. A single coat with a red top coat was used.

  The sample was subjected to a salt tank drop test. It was used to quickly assess the effectiveness of the coating of the present invention in protecting steel from corrosion. One coated steel plate from each sample was subjected to an intermittent flow of 5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution (by mass). The intermittent flow was set on a timer and cycled 30 minutes on and then 30 minutes off. Samples were visually compared before and after the test. Each sample was left in the test tank until substantial rusting of the steel samples was observed. Prior to testing according to ASTM D1654, all tested specimens were scratched to expose the steel. Samples were bent on a PVC support at an angle of approximately 200 from the horizontal, and a stream of water flowed down the scribe line of each sample and out of the bottom. The test was conducted at ambient laboratory conditions at a nominal temperature of 73 ° F. Tap water was added to the tank as needed to offset evaporation and maintain a constant water level. Each set of samples was imaged at regular intervals. Prior to imaging, the sample was removed from the tank and rinsed with fresh water to remove surface debris and salt deposits. The plate coated with the composition of Example 1 described herein showed substantial rust after 30 days. The plate coated with the composition of Example 2 described herein showed little rust after 45 days.

  The temperature resistivity of samples of the coating of the present invention was performed to assess the ability of the coating to sustain temperatures other than ambient. A 3 × 5 inch steel specimen was coated with the composition of Example 1 and then placed in an oven at a constant temperature of 250 ° F. for 100 days. Although some surface map cracks were observed at the end of the test, the ceramic coating remained visibly intact. A 3 × 5 inch steel specimen was also coated with the same composition, saturated with tap water, and then placed in a freezer at 0 ° F. for 100 days. After 100 days, the coating remained well bonded to the steel substrate and a series of dark spots were observed around the specimen. A 3 × 5 inch steel specimen coated with the composition of Example 1 was also placed in the kiln for 19 days. The temperature in the kiln was gradually changed as follows. 5 days at 350 ° F, then 7 days at 550'F, then 2 days at 650 ° F, then 1 day at 750 ° F, then 2 days at 850 ° F, then 1 day at 1000 ° F. The kiln was then turned off and cooled back to ambient temperature over a day. After this process, specimens were scribed according to ASTM D1654 and placed in the salt dripping tank described above. It was observed that cracks in the map appeared at 350 ° F, that the brownish color developed above 350 ° F, and that the brownish color became darker as the test progressed. When removed from the kiln, the coating was still present on the steel surface, but there were noticeable (but consistently) speckled spots. After the kiln sample was removed from the kiln, it was scribed by ASTM D1654 and placed in a salt dropping tank. Even after sustaining 1000 ° F. in the kiln, the coating appeared to provide substantial protection from corrosion of the steel surface.

  The salt drop test emphasized that the coating formed with the sample of the composition of the present invention is less soluble in fresh water than salt water. To investigate the difference, the lower 2 inches of two ceramic coated steel specimens coated with the composition of Example 1 were immersed in fresh or salt water for 100 days. The bottom 2 inches of each specimen was immersed. The test piece in fresh water was stained with rust (the back of the test piece was uncoated), but the coating was intact. The coated portion of the fresh water sample was well protected from corrosion (edge and back were uncoated). The salt water specimens were largely protected from corrosion (the entire specimen was coated), but many of the coatings immersed in the salt water dissolved. However, even in the melted area, the specimens were still largely protected from corrosion, including those along the scribe line.

Example 1 Composition Composition (Volume Ratio)
Part A:
Hydrogen hydroxide: 23.27%
MKP: 64.5%
Phosphoric acid: 8%
Methyl cellulose: 0.13%
Nano-sized SiO ₂ : 2%
Nanosiloxane complex: 0.1%
Nano-sized TiO ₂ : 2%
Part B:
Hydrogen hydroxide: 34%
K ₃ PO ₄ : 3.8%
Methyl cellulose: 0.1%
CaSiO ₃ : 21%
MgOH: 41%
pH stabilizer nonylphenol: 0.1%
The ingredients of Example 1 Part A and Part B were mixed together in the manner described above. Part A and part B were then mixed together in the manner described above. Usability test results showed that the pH was too low, the composition of Example 1 did not spray well, and a slight outgassing was produced with the resulting uneven finish. . The results of the functionality tests for surface protection and temperature resistance are displayed above.

Example 2 Composition Composition (Volume Ratio)
Part A:
Hydrogen hydroxide: 22.54%
MKP: 64.5%
Phosphoric acid: 8.5%
Methyl cellulose: 0.16%
Nano-sized SiO ₂ : 2.2%
Nanosiloxane complex: 0.1%
Nano-sized TiO ₂ : 2%
Part B:
Hydrogen hydroxide: 31%
K ₃ PO ₄ : 4.4%
Methyl cellulose: 0.12%
Metakaolin: 22%
MgOH: 41%
pH stabilizer nonylphenol: 0.15%
The ingredients of Part A and Part B of Example 2 were mixed together in the manner described above. Part A and part B were then mixed together in the manner described above. The results of the usability test showed that the pH was satisfactory and that the composition of Example 2 sprayed well with an even distribution and the smooth finish obtained. The results of the functionality test indicated that the composition of Example 2 had better surface protection compared to Example 1 at least for the salt drop test. The composition of Example 2 appears to be at least as effective as the composition of Example 1 with respect to other functional tests performed.

  The compositions of the present invention have been found from initial tests that have been shown to be suitable for conventional applications by spraying, to bond well to the substrate and to withstand environmental conditions while greatly protecting the substrate.

  Although the present invention has been described with particular reference to the use of certain components of a composition, a given version representing a specific combination, and a process for making the composition, the present invention Note that it includes reasonable equivalents.

Claims (15)

A composition for protecting the surface of a substrate,
a. MKP (about 48% to about 72%), TiO ₂ (about 0.4% to about 4.8%), SiO ₂ (about 0.6% to about 4.3%), K ₃ PO ₄ (about 4 0.5% to about 13.5%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 18% to about 39%), and a hydrophobic agent (about 0.5% to about 20%);
b. MgOH (about 28% to about 52%), metakaolin (about 12% to about 31%), CaSiO 3 (about 14% to about 33%), siloxane (about 0.4% to about 3.6%), K ₃ Base mixture components comprising PO ₄ (about 1.2% to about 4.2%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 24% to about 48%), and a suspending agent (about 0.5% to about 20%) And a mixture thereof.   The composition of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic agent is the nanosiloxane complex comprising nanoparticles of a nanosiloxane complex.   The hydrophobic agent is isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane, isobutyltriethoxyisosilane, triisobutylsilicateisosilane, organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane, organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilanehydroxy, alkoxytrisilicateisobutylisosilane, Organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane hydroxy, alkoxy trisilicate Organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane hydroxy, triethoxymethylpropanal cyclic silane, alkoxy trisilicate, organofunctional isobutyltrimethoxyisosilane hydroxy, and ethyltrichlorosilane carbo 3. A composition according to claim 2 selected from the group consisting of methoxy.   3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the hydrophobic agent nanoparticles are in a size range of about 15 nanometers to about 50 nanometers.   The composition of claim 1, wherein the suspending agent is the nanopolymer complex comprising nanoparticles of a nanopolymer complex.   The suspending agent is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride polymer, vinyl chloride polymer, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose ether copolymer, monodiglyceride polymer, polyvinyl acrylic resin, styrene monomer, acrylic monomer, and vinyl acrylic polymer. Item 6. The composition according to Item 5.   6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the suspending agent nanoparticles are in a size range of about 15 nanometers to about 50 nanometers.   The composition of claim 1 further comprising one or more additives.   9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the one or more additives are added to either or both of the acid mixture and the base mixture.   9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of glass fiber, basalt, and aluminum. A method for producing a composition for protecting the surface of a substrate,
a. MKP (about 48% to about 72%), TiO ₂ (about 0.4% to about 4.8%), SiO ₂ (about 0.6% to about 4.3%), K ₃ PO ₄ (about 4 Making an acid mixture component comprising about 5% to about 13.5%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 18% to about 39%), and a hydrophobic agent (about 0.5% to about 20%);
b. MgOH (about 28% to about 52%), metakaolin (about 12% to about 31%), CaSiO 3 (about 14% to about 33%), siloxane (about 0.4% to about 3.6%), K ₃ Base mixture components comprising PO ₄ (about 1.2% to about 4.2%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 24% to about 48%), and a suspending agent (about 0.5% to about 20%) And the process of making
c. Combining the acid mixture and the base mixture together.   The combining step comprises separately stirring the acid mixture component and the base mixture component, and then mixing the acid mixture and the base mixture together in a ratio of about 1: 1. 11. The method according to 11. A method for treating a surface of a substrate, comprising:
a. Cleaning the surface to eliminate the presence of corroded material on the surface;
b. Applying a first layer of a composition comprising a combination of an acid mixture and a base mixture to the cleaned surface;
c. Applying a second layer of the composition to the first layer of the composition;
The acid mixture components are MKP (about 48% to about 72%), TiO ₂ (about 0.4% to about 4.8%), SiO ₂ (about 0.6% to about 4.3%), K ₃ PO ₄ (about 4.5% to about 13.5%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 18% to about 39%), and a hydrophobic agent (about 0.5% to about 20%) The mixture components are MgOH (about 28% to about 52%), metakaolin (about 12% to about 31%), CaSiO3 (about 14% to about 33%), siloxane (about 0.4% to about 3.6%). ), K ₃ PO ₄ (about 1.2% to about 4.2%), hydrogen hydroxide (about 24% to about 48%), and a suspending agent (about 0.5% to about 20%). Including.   The method of claim 13, wherein the hydrophobic agent is the nanosiloxane complex comprising nanoparticles of a nanosiloxane complex.   14. The method of claim 13, wherein the suspending agent is the nanopolymer complex comprising nanoparticles of a nanopolymer complex.