JP2018204775A - Bearing with pivot spherical body - Google Patents

Abstract

To satisfy a requirement that, in a bearing in a practical use, a main portion is in a rolling contact state, and the bearing has a structure which can alleviate friction resistance as the bearing, and in some case, a retainer has a structure for generating slide friction between a contact point between rolling bodies, and an inner ring, and does not cause a large problem in a normal use state, however, in the case that it is required to improve the performance of an apparatus by alleviating rotation friction in particular, or in the case that the generation of dust should be extremely suppressed, a slide motion should be further avoided.SOLUTION: As means for solving the problem, there is arranged a bearing in which recessed spherical face parts are arranged at both ends of revolving axial centers of a plurality of revolving rolling bodies, recessed spherical face parts are also arranged at opposing positions coinciding with the revolving center axes of the rolling bodies of a retainer, a pivot spherical body having a spherical radius smaller than spherical radii of the recessed spherical faces is arranged, and an outer ring having a circular disc inner face groove contacting with spherical faces of a plurality of the rolling bodies and an inner ring having circular disc outer face groove contacting with the spherical faces of a plurality of the rolling bodies in a corresponding position are arranged.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a generally used rolling bearing, and more particularly to a bearing having a structure that avoids sliding contact between components.

A bearing that is currently in practical use has a structure in which the outer ring, the rolling element, and the inner ring are in rolling contact with each other, and the frictional resistance of the bearing can be reduced. However, the retainer for maintaining the position of the rolling element has a structure that generates sliding friction at the contact point with the rolling element. In some cases, the inner ring also has a structure that generates sliding friction. Since it is not a part that directly bears external load, it does not cause a big problem in normal use conditions.However, it is particularly useful in cases where you want to reduce rotational friction or use conditions that extremely dislike the generation of dust caused by sliding movements or vacuum conditions. In some cases, such as when lubricating oil cannot be used, it may be desirable to further avoid sliding contact between components.

As a countermeasure, the advanced application of the eccentric pivot structure shown in the patent application 2017-004827 by the present applicant is effective. A rolling sphere is disposed between the rotating shaft and the concave spherical surface receiving portion, and the concave spherical surface receiving portion is provided at a position eccentric from the rotational center of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is supported by a normal bearing. Here, the concave spherical surface receiving portion is provided on the retainer, and the present invention is configured by replacing the rotating shaft with a rolling element. How the contact between the retainer and the rolling element becomes the rolling contact and the contact with the inner ring and the outer ring is avoided will be described later.

Patent document Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-004827
The present applicant configures a pivot bearing known as a timepiece balance for a watch as a bearing formed in a rolling contact state. This structure is fundamentally different from that of a structure in which a plurality of balls are arranged around a shaft having a sharp tip. The current pivot bearing is completely different from the structure of the present invention in that a plurality of balls come into contact with each other and are in a sliding contact state at the contact point.

Bearings widely used in the rotating parts of important equipment such as railway wheels, aircraft jet engines, and generator turbines are important machine elements that determine the performance of these equipment. And its completeness is extremely high and it is considered that there is almost no room for improvement. However, as described above, several problems remain regarding the retainer for maintaining the position of the rolling element, and it is predicted that the performance of the bearing may be further improved by the improvement. By realizing improved bearing performance, the performance of current equipment that uses it will be significantly improved and its economic benefits will be far beyond expectations.

Reexamine the structure of the retainer of bearings widely used in the rotating parts of many devices, and solve the remaining problems by rolling the place where sliding friction is generated to improve the ultimate performance. It aims to enable and greatly improve the performance of the equipment.

A first means for solving the above-described problems according to the present invention is to provide concave spherical portions at both ends of the rotation axis centers of a plurality of rolling elements that rotate in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and to rotate the rolling elements of the retainer. A concave spherical portion is also provided at an opposing position that coincides with the central axis, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is disposed between both concave spherical portions. Furthermore, the outer ring having an annular inner groove contacting the spherical surface of the plurality of rolling elements and the inner ring having an annular outer groove contacting the spherical surface of the plurality of rolling elements at positions facing the outer ring are arranged. Is structured. The retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is maintained in a mutually held state at a position that does not contact the inner ring and the outer ring. When the rolling element rotates with the retainer of the bearing having such a configuration fixed, the outer ring and the inner ring that are in contact with the rolling element rotate in opposite directions. The pivot sphere arranged between the concave spherical surface of the rolling element and the concave spherical surface of the retainer is in contact with the vicinity of the central axis of the concave spherical surface of the rolling element and the vicinity of the center of the concave spherical surface of the retainer. Rotate around a common axis of motion. If this rotation axis matches the rotation axis of the rolling element, the rotation speed of the pivot sphere is arbitrary, but if the rotation axis is tilted with respect to the rotation axis of the rolling element, it depends on the moving speed at that point. And no sliding friction occurs at the contact point. If it is difficult to understand this state, the details are also described in the aforementioned patent application-Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-004827. This is the reason why the bearing of the present invention does not cause sliding friction. In a normal use state, either the inner ring is fixed or the outer ring is fixed, but the contact state and the mutual movement state of each part are not contrary to the above description.

The second means for solving the above-mentioned problems according to the present invention is provided with concave spherical portions at both ends of the rotation axis centers of a plurality of spherical rolling elements that rotate in the direction inclined in the radial direction intersecting the rotation center axis of the bearing, A concave spherical portion is also provided at an opposing position that coincides with the rotation center axis of the rolling element of the retainer, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is disposed between both concave spherical portions. Yes. Further, by arranging an outer ring having an annular inner surface groove that contacts the spherical surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements and an inner ring having an annular outer surface groove that contacts the spherical surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements at positions opposed to the outer ring. The bearing is constructed. The retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is maintained in a mutually held state at a position that does not contact the inner ring and the outer ring.

According to a third means for solving the above-mentioned problems of the present invention, concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotation axis centers of a plurality of cylindrical rolling elements rotating in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the retainer is rotated. A concave spherical surface portion is also provided at an opposing position that coincides with the rotation center axis of the moving body, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical surface portion is disposed between both concave spherical surface portions. Further, the present embodiment is configured by arranging an outer ring having an annular inner surface groove that contacts the cylindrical surfaces of a plurality of rolling elements and an inner ring having an annular outer surface groove that contacts the cylindrical surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements at positions opposed thereto. The bearing is configured. The retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is maintained in a mutually held state at a position that does not contact the inner ring and the outer ring.

According to a fourth means for solving the above-mentioned problems of the present invention, concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotation axis centers of a plurality of spherical rolling elements rotating in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the retainer is rotated. A concave spherical surface portion is also provided at an opposing position that coincides with the rotational axis central axis of the moving body, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is disposed between both concave spherical surface portions. Furthermore, the bearing of the present embodiment is configured by arranging a lower ring having an annular groove that contacts the spherical surfaces of a plurality of rolling elements and an upper ring having an annular groove facing the lower ring. The retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is held in a mutually held state at a position that does not contact the lower ring and the upper ring.

According to a fifth means for solving the above-mentioned problem according to the present invention, concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotation axis centers of a plurality of tapered roller-shaped rolling elements that rotate in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the bearing. A concave spherical surface portion is also provided at an opposing position that coincides with the rotation axis central axis of the rolling element, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical surface portion is disposed between both concave spherical surface portions. . The tapered roller-shaped rolling element is disposed between a lower ring having a tapered annular groove that contacts a tapered surface of the rolling element and an upper ring facing the lower ring. Further, the retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is held in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the lower ring and the upper ring.

A sixth means for solving the above-described problems according to the present invention includes concave spherical portions at both ends of the rotation axis centers of a plurality of tapered roller-shaped rolling elements that rotate in a direction intersecting with the rotation center axis of the bearing at an inclination angle. A concave spherical surface portion is provided at a position opposite to the center axis of rotation of the rolling element of the retainer, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is disposed between both concave spherical portions. State. The retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is held in a mutually held state at a position that does not contact the lower ring and the upper ring. The tapered roller-shaped rolling element is formed between a lower ring having a flat surface that contacts the tapered surface of the rolling element and an upper ring having a tapered annular groove that faces the tapered surface of the rolling element. Is arranged. In this case, even if the concave spherical portion on the large end side and the concave spherical portion on the small end side of the tapered roller have different spherical radii, the spherical radius of the pivot sphere is accordingly changed to the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion. If it is set smaller, there is no functional problem.

The first effect of the present invention is that when a plurality of rolling elements rotate in a state where the retainer is fixed, the outer ring and the inner ring that are in contact with the rolling elements are in opposite directions. Rotate to. The pivot sphere disposed between the concave spherical surface portion of the rolling element and the concave spherical surface portion of the retainer is in contact with the bottom of the concave spherical surface portion of the stationary retainer while in contact with the vicinity of the central axis of the concave spherical surface portion of the rolling element. However, if the line connecting these two points coincides with the central axis of the pivot sphere, a torsional motion with a turning radius of 0 occurs at these two points, but it is substantially difficult to maintain this state. . If the position of the pivot sphere slightly moves between the two concave spherical portions and a line connecting the two points is displaced from the central axis of the pivot sphere, a twist having a small turning radius at the two points. Movement occurs. In this state, since the contact point always moves little by little, it is possible to avoid a seizure state due to two fixed continuous torsional motions. Thus, the sliding motion can be avoided by the twisting motion at the two points, so that the sliding friction can be minimized. If there is a lubricant, it is effective that it is automatically supplied by the movement of the contact point. This is the reason why the bearing of the present invention hardly generates sliding friction.

Pivot bearings that have been used for watches for a long time try to reduce the friction torque by making the contact point as small as possible and reducing the distance from the center of rotation axis of the friction force generation point. Specifically, the concentrated stress load at the contact point is increased. In order to withstand the concentrated stress load, jewelry such as ruby is used for the bearing. The pivot of the present invention can reduce the friction torque by converting the contact point between the rolling element and the retainer into a torsional motion with a small radius very close to the rotation center axis of the pivot sphere. There is no. Therefore, the material to be used does not need to be special, such as jewelry. In the above description, the retainer is fixed. However, in a normal use state, either the inner ring is fixed or the outer ring is fixed, but the contact state and the mutual movement state of each part are not contrary to the above description. A dynamic load such as centrifugal force generated in each part does not worsen the overall motion state even if it improves it.

The effect of the second and third means is almost the same as that of the first means. In the fourth means, since the centrifugal force acts on the rolling element toward the outside of the revolution circle of the rolling element, the conventional bearing has a large sliding friction due to the contact pressure between the rolling element and the retainer at the portion, As a result, the friction coefficient is increased. In particular, in the case of the fifth means, the tendency is strong and a large burden is imposed, so that the positional relationship is maintained by contacting the corner of the annular groove of the lower ring or upper ring at the corner of the large end of the tapered roller. However, in such a case, sliding contact between the two occurs, leading to a decrease in performance as a bearing. According to the fifth and sixth means of the present invention, the pivot sphere on the outer diameter side contacts this concave spherical surface portion of the taper roller and the concave spherical surface portion of the retainer, and this strong centrifugal force (centrifugal force due to receiving a load is reduced). In other words, there is a significant difference in the coefficient of friction from the conventional bearing because only torsional rotation in a point contact state is supported. However, in this case, it is necessary to use a material resistant to stress load for the concave spherical surface portion and the pivot sphere formed on the rolling elements and the retainer.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing details of a P portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a front sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, it is assumed that the display is simplified as long as the function is not impaired. The structure of the first embodiment of the bearing according to the present invention is a concave spherical surface at both ends of the rotation shaft center of a plurality of spherical rolling elements 1 rotating in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the bearing in FIGS. A concave spherical surface portion 4 is also provided at a position opposite to the rotation center axis of the rolling element 1 of the rolling element 1 of the retainer 3, and the spherical surfaces of the concave spherical surface portions 2 and 4 are between both concave spherical surface portions 2 and 4. A pivot sphere 5 having a spherical radius R3 smaller than the radii R1 and R2 is arranged. Further, the inner ring 6 having an annular outer surface groove that contacts the spherical surface of the plurality of rolling elements 1 and the outer ring 7 having an annular inner surface groove that contacts the spherical surface of the plurality of rolling elements 1 at positions opposed thereto are arranged. The bearing of the embodiment is configured. The retainer 3 has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with the plurality of rolling elements 1, so that the retainer 3 is maintained in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the inner ring 6 and the outer ring 7. In the bearing having such a configuration, when the plurality of rolling elements 1 rotate with the retainer 3 fixed, the inner ring 6 and the outer ring 7 that are in contact with the rolling elements 1 rotate in opposite directions. The pivot sphere 5 disposed between the concave spherical surface portion 2 of the rolling element 1 and the concave spherical surface portion 4 of the retainer 3 is in contact with the vicinity of the central axis of the concave spherical surface portion of the rolling element 1 and the vicinity of the center of the concave spherical surface portion 4 of the retainer 3. In this state, it rotates about the rotation axis where the movement of both contact points is common. When this rotational axis is coincident with the rotational rotational axis of the rolling element 1, the torsional rotational speed of the pivot sphere 5 is arbitrary, but if the rotational axis is inclined with respect to the rotational rotational axis of the rolling element, It rotates according to the moving speed of the point, and no sliding friction occurs at the contact point. Since the friction torque can be reduced by converting the contact point between the rolling element 1 and the retainer 3 into a torsional motion with a small radius very close to the rotation center axis of the pivot sphere 5, the concave spherical portion 2 and the concave spherical portion are forcibly reduced. There is no need to reduce the contact point between 4 and the pivot sphere 5. This is the reason why the bearing of the present invention can reduce sliding friction. In a normal use state, either the inner ring is fixed or the outer ring is fixed, but the contact state and the mutual movement state of each part are not contrary to the above description.

The structure of the second embodiment for solving the above-mentioned problem according to the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4 in which both ends of the rotation axis center of the spherical rolling element 11 that rotates in the direction inclined in the radial direction intersecting the rotation center axis of the bearing. The concave spherical surface portion 12 is provided on the opposite side of the retainer 13 so as to coincide with the rotation center axis of the rolling element, and the concave spherical surface portions 12 and 14 are provided between the concave spherical surface portions 12 and 14. The pivot sphere 15 having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius is arranged. Further, the inner ring 16 having an annular outer surface groove that contacts the spherical surface of the plurality of rolling elements 11 and the outer ring 17 having an annular inner surface groove that contacts the spherical surface of the plurality of rolling elements 11 at positions facing the inner ring 16 are arranged. The bearing of the embodiment is configured. The retainer 13 has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with the plurality of rolling elements 11, so that the retainer 13 is maintained in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the inner ring 16 and the outer ring 17. In this embodiment, the operation is almost the same as that of the structure of the first embodiment, but the bearing of this structure rotates stably when a load in the direction of the rotating shaft is applied in addition to a load in the radial direction. There is a feature that can be obtained.

The structure of the third embodiment for solving the above-mentioned problem according to the present invention is as shown in FIG. 5. Concave spherical portions are formed at both ends of the rotation axis center of a cylindrical rolling element 21 that rotates in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the bearing. 22, and a concave spherical surface portion 24 is also provided at a position facing the rotation center axis of the rolling element of the retainer 23, and the spherical surface radius of the concave spherical surface portions 22 and 24 is between the concave spherical surface portions 22 and 24. A pivot sphere 25 having a small spherical radius is arranged. Furthermore, by arranging an inner ring 26 having an annular outer surface groove that contacts the cylindrical surface of the plurality of rolling elements 21 and an outer ring 27 having an annular inner surface groove that contacts the cylindrical surface of the plurality of rolling elements at a position facing this. The bearing of the present embodiment is configured. The retainer 23 has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with the plurality of rolling elements 21, so that the retainer 23 is maintained in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the inner ring 26 and the outer ring 27. The operation of this embodiment is almost the same as that of the structure of the first embodiment, but the bearing of this structure is characterized in that stable rotation can be obtained when only a radial load is applied. In particular, a stable rotation can be obtained when a large radial load is applied.

A fourth means for solving the above-described problems according to the present invention is that the plurality of spherical rolling elements 31 that rotate in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis intersect with the rotation center axis of the bearing as shown in FIGS. Concave spherical portions 32 are provided at both ends of the rotation axis center, and concave spherical portions 34 are also provided at positions facing the rotation axis central axis of the rolling element of the retainer 33, and the concave spherical portions 32 and 34 are disposed between both concave spherical portions 32 and 34. A pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is arranged. Further, the bearing of this embodiment is configured by arranging an upper ring 36 having an annular groove that contacts the spherical surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements 31 and a lower ring 37 having an annular groove facing the upper ring 36. The retainer 33 has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with the plurality of rolling elements 31, so that the retainer 33 is maintained in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the upper ring 36 and the lower ring 37. The operation of this embodiment is almost the same as that of the structure of the first embodiment, but the bearing of this structure has a small radial load and is stable when a load mainly in the rotation axis direction is applied. There is a feature that can be rotated.

The fifth means for solving the above-described problems according to the present invention is a plurality of tapered roller-like rolling elements that rotate in the radial direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis intersecting with the rotation center axis of the bearing as shown in FIGS. Concave spherical portions 42 are provided at both ends of the rotational axis center of 41, and concave spherical portions 44 are provided at opposing positions that match the rotational axis central axis of the rolling element 41 of the retainer 43, and between the concave spherical portions 42 and 44. In this state, a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is arranged. The tapered roller-shaped rolling element 41 is disposed between an upper ring 46 having a tapered annular groove and a lower ring 47 facing the upper ring 46. Further, the retainer has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer is maintained in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the upper ring 46 and the lower ring 47.

A sixth means for solving the above-described problem according to the present invention is a plurality of tapered roller-like rolling elements 51 that rotate in a direction having an inclination angle from the radial direction to the rotational axis direction from the rotational center axis of the bearing as shown in FIG. Concave spherical surface portions 52A and 52B are provided at both ends of the rotation axis center of the rotating body 51, and concave spherical surface portions 54A and 54B are also provided at opposing positions of the retainer 53 that coincide with the rotation axis central axis of the rolling element 51. Pivot spheres 55A and 55B having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion are arranged between them. The tapered roller-shaped rolling element 51 includes an upper ring 56 having a tapered annular groove that contacts the tapered surface of the rolling element 51, and a lower side having a flat surface that faces the upper ring 56 and contacts the tapered surface of the rolling element 51. It is arranged between the ring 57. In this case, even if the concave spherical portion 52A on the large end side of the taper roller and the concave spherical portion 52B on the small end side have different spherical radii, the concave spherical portions 54A and 54B of the retainer 53 correspond to this. If the spherical radii of the pivot spheres 55A and 55B are set to be smaller than the spherical radii of the corresponding concave spherical portions 52A and 52B, 54A and 54B, there is no functional problem. The retainer 53 has a shape that maintains the above-described combined state with a plurality of rolling elements, so that the retainer 53 is maintained in a mutually held state at a position where it does not contact the upper ring 56 and the lower ring 57.
[Operation]

What can be said in common in the first to sixth embodiments is a pivot sphere provided between a concave spherical portion provided on a plurality of rolling elements and a concave spherical portion of a retainer provided at a position facing the concave spherical portion. However, the mutual positional relationship is maintained by the torsional rolling motion without sliding motion due to mutual point contact. As a result, friction when the outer ring and the inner ring rotate with each other can be reduced to a minimum without a sliding motion. In conventional bearings, the rolling elements, or the retainer and the rolling element, or the inner ring and the retainer are in a sliding contact state, and the generation of dust due to the generation of frictional force and contact, and the problems related to lubricating oil remain. The present invention solves these problems and can reduce the frictional resistance of bearings used in rotating parts of many devices to the limit.

As is clear from the above description, the bearing with pivot retainer of the present invention can reduce the frictional resistance of the bearing used in the rotating part of many devices to the utmost limit. Since it contributes to the improvement of productivity in a wide range and can be easily replaced with conventional products, its industrial use effect is extremely remarkable.

1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51 Rolling element 2, 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 52A, 52B Concave spherical surface
3, 13, 23, 33, 43, 53 Retainer 4, 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, 54A, 54B Concave spherical surface part 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 Pivot sphere 36, 46, 56 Upper ring 37, 47, 57 Lower ring R1 Radius of curvature of concave spherical portion R2 Radius of curvature of concave spherical portion R3 Radius of curvature of pivot sphere

Claims (6)

Concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotational axis center of a plurality of spherical rolling elements that rotate in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the concave spherical portions are also located at opposing positions that match the rotational central axis of the rolling element of the retainer. An inner ring having an annular outer groove that contacts the spherical surfaces of a plurality of rolling elements in a state where a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of both concave spherical portions is disposed between both concave spherical portions. A bearing with a pivot sphere, characterized in that outer rings having annular inner grooves that contact the spherical surfaces of a plurality of rolling elements at positions opposed to this are arranged at positions that do not contact each other. Concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotation shaft center of a plurality of spherical rolling elements that rotate in a direction inclined in a radial direction with respect to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the retainer also has an opposing position that matches the rotation center axis of the rolling element. An annular outer surface groove that is in contact with the spherical surfaces of a plurality of rolling elements is provided in a state where a concave spherical surface portion is provided and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of both concave spherical portions is arranged between both concave spherical portions. A bearing with a pivot ball having an inner ring having an inner ring and an outer ring having an annular inner groove contacting a spherical surface of a plurality of rolling elements at a position opposite to the inner ring. Concave spheres are provided at both ends of the rotation axis center of the plurality of cylindrical rolling elements that rotate in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the concave spherical surface is located at the opposite position of the retainer that matches the rotation center axis of the rolling element. And an annular outer surface groove that contacts the cylindrical surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements in a state in which a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of both concave spherical portions is arranged between both concave spherical portions. A bearing with a pivot sphere, wherein the inner ring and the outer ring having an annular inner groove that contacts the cylindrical surface of the plurality of rolling elements at a position facing the inner ring are arranged at positions where they do not contact each other. Concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotational axis center of a plurality of spherical rolling elements that rotate in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the concave spherical portions are also located at opposing positions that match the rotational central axis of the rolling element of the retainer. And a plurality of spherical rolling elements are in an annular contact with the spherical surface of the rolling element in a state where a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical part and the concave spherical part is arranged between both concave spherical parts. The upper ring having the annular groove and the lower ring having the annular ring groove facing the spherical surface of the rolling element are arranged so as not to contact each other. Bearing with pivot sphere. Concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotation shaft center of a plurality of tapered roller-shaped rolling elements that rotate in a radial direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the retainer is positioned at an opposing position that matches the rotation axis center axis of the rolling element. In addition, a plurality of tapered roller-shaped rolling elements are circular with a tapered cross section in a state where a concave spherical surface portion is provided and a pivot spherical body having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical surface portion is disposed between both concave spherical surface portions. A bearing with a pivot sphere, wherein the bearing is arranged at a position where it does not contact each other between an upper ring having an annular groove and a lower ring having an annular groove having a tapered cross section facing the upper ring. Concave spherical portions are provided at both ends of the rotation shaft center of a plurality of tapered roller-shaped rolling elements that rotate in a direction having an inclination angle from the radial direction to the rotation axis direction from the rotation center axis of the bearing, and the rotation of the rolling element of the retainer A plurality of tapered roller shapes are provided with a concave spherical portion provided at an opposing position that coincides with the central axis of the shaft, and a pivot sphere having a spherical radius smaller than the spherical radius of the concave spherical portion is disposed between both concave spherical portions. A pivot ball bearing comprising: an upper ring having an annular groove having a tapered cross section that contacts the rolling element of the first ring; and a lower ring having a flat surface opposite to the upper ring.