JP2018203852A - Low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid - Google Patents

Low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid Download PDF

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JP2018203852A
JP2018203852A JP2017109604A JP2017109604A JP2018203852A JP 2018203852 A JP2018203852 A JP 2018203852A JP 2017109604 A JP2017109604 A JP 2017109604A JP 2017109604 A JP2017109604 A JP 2017109604A JP 2018203852 A JP2018203852 A JP 2018203852A
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formaldehyde
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pyroligneous acid
wood vinegar
low formaldehyde
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JP2018203852A5 (en
JP6874984B2 (en
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博 宮木
Hiroshi Miyaki
博 宮木
信哉 山口
Shinya Yamaguchi
信哉 山口
菊地 徹
Toru Kikuchi
徹 菊地
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Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Abstract

To provide an acidic low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid having high antimicrobial properties, no toxicity and high safety to a user.SOLUTION: The low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid has a formaldehyde concentration of less than 5 ppm (W/V) and has an acidic pH. In addition, the low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid is not toxic due to an extremely low formaldehyde concentration, and the low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid is highly safe for use. Further, the low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid has an acidic pH and has high antimicrobial properties. Therefore, the low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid can be preferably used for an antiseptic agent, a disinfectant, a bacteriostatic agent, a bactericidal agent and the like.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液に関する。   The present invention relates to a low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution.

木酢液は、植物原料から炭を製造する際に発生する煙を冷却、凝縮して得た水溶性の液体(原液)であり、原液の状態で販売されている。木酢液には、酢酸やギ酸などの有機酸、ホルムアルデヒドなど200種類以上の有機化合物が含まれる。木酢液は、有機酸を含有するためpHは酸性を呈し、微生物に対して抗菌効果を有する。なお、木酢液にはクレオソートなどに代表される抗菌成分も含まれている。
さらに、原液状態の木酢液は、展着剤としての作用も有する芳香族化合物などの木タールを含む。この木タールは、塗布・散布対象への木酢液の付着を容易にするため、木酢液は高い抗菌性を発揮する。
このように多様な成分を含み抗菌性に優れる酸性の木酢液は、農業資材として土壌改良剤や植物活性剤などに、日用品の分野では防腐剤や消毒剤、制菌剤、殺菌剤などに用いられている。また、通常、酸性の木酢液は、使用者が必要に応じて希釈して使用しているものである。
Wood vinegar is a water-soluble liquid (stock solution) obtained by cooling and condensing smoke generated when producing charcoal from plant materials, and is sold in the state of the stock solution. Wood vinegar contains over 200 organic compounds such as organic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid, and formaldehyde. Since wood vinegar contains an organic acid, the pH is acidic and has an antibacterial effect on microorganisms. The wood vinegar also contains antibacterial components typified by creosote.
Furthermore, the undiluted wood vinegar contains wood tar such as an aromatic compound that also acts as a spreading agent. This wood tar facilitates the adhesion of the wood vinegar solution to the application / spreading object, so the wood vinegar solution exhibits high antibacterial properties.
Acidic wood vinegar that contains various ingredients and has excellent antibacterial properties is used as an agricultural material for soil conditioners and plant activators, and in daily necessities, it is used as a preservative, disinfectant, antibacterial agent, fungicide, etc. It has been. In addition, the acid wood vinegar is usually diluted by the user as needed.

木酢液は、毒性のあるホルムアルデヒドを10〜1000ppm(W/V)程度の濃度で含んでいる。ホルムアルデヒドは、非常に揮発しやすいため、木酢液を塗布、散布して使用した場合、使用場所(特に室内、密閉空間、ビニールハウス)において、空気中ホルムアルデヒド濃度が高まり、人体に害を及ぼすおそれがあった。この問題を解決するために、木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドを低減する方法が提供されている(例えば特許文献1)。   Wood vinegar contains toxic formaldehyde at a concentration of about 10 to 1000 ppm (W / V). Since formaldehyde is very volatile, when using it after applying and spraying wood vinegar, the formaldehyde concentration in the air may increase in the place of use (especially indoors, sealed spaces, and greenhouses), which may harm the human body. there were. In order to solve this problem, a method for reducing formaldehyde in the wood vinegar is provided (for example, Patent Document 1).

特開2012−188471号公報JP 2012-188471 A

特許文献1の木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドを低減する方法は、木酢液を塩基性にし、尿素を添加することにより、木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドとフェノール類を付加反応させ、ホルムアルデヒド濃度を数ppm(W/V)まで低減するものである。   The method of reducing the formaldehyde in the wood vinegar liquid of Patent Document 1 is to make the wood vinegar liquid basic and add urea to cause the formaldehyde and phenols in the wood vinegar liquid to undergo an addition reaction, so that the formaldehyde concentration is several ppm (W / V).

しかし、特許文献1の木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドを低減する方法では、木酢液に大量のアルカリを添加し木酢液を塩基性とするため、木酢液は抗菌性を有しないものになる。
また、塩基性の木酢液を酸性に戻すことにより抗菌性を得ることも可能であるが、この場合、大量の酸を添加する必要があり、木酢液が希釈されることになる。木酢液が希釈された場合、木タールといった展着成分まで希釈されるため、原液が有していた優れた抗菌性が損なわれる。従って、特許文献1の木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドを低減する方法で得られる木酢液に酸を添加し酸性に戻しても、すでに希釈されている木酢液は使用者が必要に応じて使用できる範囲が狭くなるおそれがあり、また、従来のように農業資材や日用品として使用しても木酢液に期待する効果を十分に得られないおそれがあった。
However, in the method of reducing formaldehyde in the wood vinegar liquid of Patent Document 1, a large amount of alkali is added to the wood vinegar liquid to make the wood vinegar liquid basic, so that the wood vinegar liquid does not have antibacterial properties.
Although it is possible to obtain antibacterial properties by returning the basic pyroligneous acid to acidity, in this case, it is necessary to add a large amount of acid, and the pyroligneous acid is diluted. When the wood vinegar solution is diluted, the antibacterial properties that the stock solution has are impaired because the spreading component such as wood tar is diluted. Therefore, even if an acid is added to the wood vinegar obtained by the method for reducing formaldehyde in the wood vinegar of Patent Document 1 to return to acidity, the wood vinegar already diluted has a range that can be used as needed by the user. There is a possibility that it may become narrow, and even if it is used as an agricultural material or daily necessities as in the past, there is a possibility that the effect expected from the wood vinegar cannot be obtained sufficiently.

本発明は、上記問題を解決するものであって、使用時において毒性のない、木酢液原液の組成がほとんど変わることなく保持された低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液を提供するものである。   The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and provides a low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution that is not toxic during use and is maintained with almost no change in the composition of the pyroligneous acid stock solution.

本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒド濃度が5ppm(W/V)未満であり、pHが酸性の木酢液である。   The low formaldehyde wood vinegar of the present invention has a formaldehyde concentration of less than 5 ppm (W / V) and an acidic wood vinegar.

本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒド濃度が5ppm(W/V)未満のものである以外は、木酢液原液の組成がほとんど変わることなく保持されているものである。これにより、使用に際して毒性が無く、抗菌性を有する木酢液の原液を提供することができる。   The low formaldehyde wood vinegar solution of the present invention is maintained with almost no change in the composition of the wood vinegar liquid stock solution, except that the formaldehyde concentration is less than 5 ppm (W / V). Thereby, the stock solution of the wood vinegar which has no toxicity at the time of use and has antibacterial properties can be provided.

本発明は、使用時において毒性が無く、抗菌性を有する低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液を提供することを実現するものである。   The present invention is to provide a low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution that is not toxic during use and has antibacterial properties.

本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液について説明する。本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒド濃度が5ppm(W/V)未満であり、pHが酸性のものである。本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒド濃度が極めて低いため、使用時において安全なものである。さらに、木酢液原液の組成がほとんど変わることなく保持されており、pHは酸性であり、原液と同様に高い抗菌性を有する。なお、本発明の木酢液は、竹酢液を含む概念である。   The low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution of the present invention will be described. The low formaldehyde wood vinegar of the present invention has a formaldehyde concentration of less than 5 ppm (W / V) and an acidic pH. The low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution of the present invention has a very low formaldehyde concentration and is therefore safe during use. Further, the composition of the pyroligneous acid stock solution is maintained almost unchanged, the pH is acidic, and it has high antibacterial properties as well as the stock solution. In addition, the wood vinegar of this invention is the concept containing a bamboo vinegar.

次に、本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液を試験例によって説明する。
(試験例1)
市販の木酢液(合同会社ツリーワーク製)のホルムアルデヒド濃度を測定したところ、179ppm(W/V)(=6mmol/L)であった。この木酢液のpHは2.9であった。
上記木酢液の原液から20mLずつ3回取出し、それぞれ試験液A、試験液B及び試験液Cの試験液とした。試験液A〜Cのそれぞれに、L−トリプトファン(関東化学株式会社製)を終濃度が3mmol/L(試験液A)、6mmol/L(試験液B)、12mmol/L(試験液C)になるように添加した。添加後、各試験液を撹拌してトリプトファンを溶解し、20℃の恒温器に一定期間(7日間)放置した状態で、試験液中のホルムアルデヒド濃度の経時変化を測定した。
Next, the low formaldehyde wood vinegar of the present invention will be described with reference to test examples.
(Test Example 1)
It was 179 ppm (W / V) (= 6 mmol / L) when the formaldehyde density | concentration of the commercially available wood vinegar liquid (made by a Godo company tree work) was measured. The pH of this wood vinegar was 2.9.
20 mL each was taken out from the stock solution of the wood vinegar solution three times, and used as test solutions for test solution A, test solution B, and test solution C, respectively. In each of the test solutions A to C, L-tryptophan (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added to final concentrations of 3 mmol / L (test solution A), 6 mmol / L (test solution B), and 12 mmol / L (test solution C). It added so that it might become. After the addition, each test solution was stirred to dissolve tryptophan, and the change over time of the formaldehyde concentration in the test solution was measured in a state where it was left in a thermostat at 20 ° C. for a certain period (7 days).

(ホルムアルデヒド濃度の測定)
試験液中のホルムアルデヒド濃度は、以下のように測定した。まず、試験液から一定量採取し、不溶性ポリクラールAT(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を加えて撹拌した後、遠心分離し、分析を阻害するポリフェノールを不溶性ポリクラールATに吸着して沈殿除去した。ホルムアルデヒドを含む上清を、アセチルアセトン、酢酸アンモニウム及び酢酸から調整した発色液と混合し、60℃で15分間加温した。その後、発色した混合液の吸光度(波長412nm)を、上清に発色液の代わりに純水を同量加えた混合液を対照に分光光度計(日立製作所製、U−3410型)により測定した。
なお、上記測定では、事前に、試薬ホルムアルデヒド(関東化学株式会社製)を標準物質として、300ppm(W/V)から5ppm(W/V)までの検量線を作成しておき、この検量線を用いて吸光度からホルムアルデヒド濃度を算出した。また、5ppm(W/V)未満の濃度は0ppm(W/V)と表記することとした。従って、上記測定において、ホルムアルデヒド濃度0ppm(W/V)は、ホルムアルデヒド濃度5ppm(W/V)未満を意味するものである。
(Measurement of formaldehyde concentration)
The formaldehyde concentration in the test solution was measured as follows. First, a certain amount was collected from the test solution, insoluble polyclar AT (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added and stirred, and then centrifuged, and polyphenols that interfered with the analysis were adsorbed on the insoluble polyclar AT to remove the precipitate. The supernatant containing formaldehyde was mixed with a coloring solution prepared from acetylacetone, ammonium acetate and acetic acid, and heated at 60 ° C. for 15 minutes. Thereafter, the absorbance (wavelength 412 nm) of the colored liquid mixture was measured with a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., U-3410 type) using a mixed liquid in which the same amount of pure water was added to the supernatant instead of the colored liquid. .
In the above measurement, a calibration curve from 300 ppm (W / V) to 5 ppm (W / V) is prepared in advance using the reagent formaldehyde (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a standard substance. The formaldehyde concentration was calculated from the absorbance. In addition, a concentration of less than 5 ppm (W / V) is expressed as 0 ppm (W / V). Therefore, in the above measurement, the formaldehyde concentration of 0 ppm (W / V) means a formaldehyde concentration of less than 5 ppm (W / V).

(試験例1の結果)
表1に、試験液A〜Cにトリプトファンを添加した後のホルムアルデヒド濃度の経時変化を示す。
(Result of Test Example 1)
Table 1 shows the change over time in the formaldehyde concentration after adding tryptophan to the test solutions A to C.

Figure 2018203852
Figure 2018203852

表1の試験結果によると、試験液A〜Cのいずれにおいても、トリプトファンを添加後は時間経過と共にホルムアルデヒド濃度が減少することが分かった。トリプトファン添加から1日目のホルムアルデヒド濃度は、試験液Aでは約35%、試験液Bでは約63%減少したが、試験液Cでは約93%も減少した。その後も、各試験液のホルムアルデヒド濃度は減少したが、試験液Cのみが、7日経過後に0ppm(W/V)になった。これにより、ホルムアルデヒド濃度(6mmol/L)の2倍に相当する終濃度12mmol/Lのトリプトファンを添加することにより、木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドを除去でき、低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液を調製できることが分かった。なお、本試験における濃度測定では、0ppm(W/V)の木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒド濃度5ppm(W/V)未満の木酢液である。
また、ホルムアルデヒド濃度0ppm(W/V)の試験液C(本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液)は希釈されていないもの(木酢液原液の組成がほとんど変わることなく保持されている木酢液)であり、pHに変化はなく2.9の酸性の木酢液(抗菌性を有する木酢液)であった。
According to the test results in Table 1, it was found that in any of the test solutions A to C, the formaldehyde concentration decreased with time after addition of tryptophan. The formaldehyde concentration on the first day after addition of tryptophan was reduced by about 35% for test solution A and about 63% for test solution B, but decreased by about 93% for test solution C. Thereafter, the formaldehyde concentration of each test solution decreased, but only the test solution C became 0 ppm (W / V) after 7 days. Thus, it was found that by adding tryptophan having a final concentration of 12 mmol / L corresponding to twice the formaldehyde concentration (6 mmol / L), formaldehyde in the wood vinegar can be removed and a low formaldehyde wood vinegar can be prepared. In the concentration measurement in this test, the 0 ppm (W / V) pyroligneous acid solution is a pyroligneous acid solution having a formaldehyde concentration of less than 5 ppm (W / V).
In addition, test solution C (formaldehyde low-formaldehyde vinegar of the present invention) having a formaldehyde concentration of 0 ppm (W / V) is not diluted (a vinegar that is maintained with almost no change in the composition of the original vinegar solution) There was no change in pH, and the acid vinegar was 2.9 (an antibacterial vinegar).

なお、木酢液中のホルムアルデヒドとトリプトファンはモル比1:1で重合し、重合生成物は沈殿物として木酢液から除去することができる。このとき、未反応のトリプトファンは木酢液に溶解した状態で含まれている。また、本発明で用いるトリプトファンはL−体(CAS登録番号73−22−3)、D−体(CAS登録番号153−94−6)のいずれでもよい。   Formaldehyde and tryptophan in the wood vinegar are polymerized at a molar ratio of 1: 1, and the polymerization product can be removed from the wood vinegar as a precipitate. At this time, unreacted tryptophan is contained in a state dissolved in pyroligneous acid. The tryptophan used in the present invention may be either L-form (CAS registration number 73-22-3) or D-form (CAS registration number 153-94-6).

(試験例2)
市販の竹酢液(アイリスオーヤマ株式会社製)を用いた試験を行った。竹酢液のホルムアルデヒド濃度を測定したところ34.7ppm(W/V)(=1.2mmol/L)であった。また、pHは2.7であった。
上記竹酢液の原液から20mL取出し、試験液とした。試験液に、L−トリプトファン(関東化学株式会社製)を終濃度が2.4mmol/Lになるように添加した。添加後、試験例1と同様に、試験液を撹拌してトリプトファンを溶解し、20℃の恒温器に放置した状態で、24時間後に試験液中のホルムアルデヒド濃度を測定したところ、試験液のホルムアルデヒド濃度は0ppm(W/V)であった。これにより、ホルムアルデヒド濃度(1.2mmol/L)の2倍に相当する終濃度2.4mmol/Lのトリプトファンを添加することにより、木酢液(竹酢液)中のホルムアルデヒドを除去でき、竹酢液を出発材料としても低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液(竹酢液)を調製できることが分かった。なお、本試験では、試験例1の試験液Cと同様に、試験液(竹酢液)のホルムアルデヒド濃度(1.2mmol/L)の2倍に相当する終濃度2.4mmol/Lのトリプトファンを添加した。
また、ホルムアルデヒド濃度0ppm(W/V)の試験液(本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液(竹酢液))は希釈されていないもの(竹酢液原液の組成がほとんど変わることなく保持されている竹酢液)であり、pHに変化はなく2.7の酸性の木酢液(抗菌性を有する竹酢液)であった。
(Test Example 2)
A test using a commercially available bamboo vinegar solution (Iris Oyama Co., Ltd.) was conducted. When the formaldehyde concentration of the bamboo vinegar was measured, it was 34.7 ppm (W / V) (= 1.2 mmol / L). The pH was 2.7.
20 mL of the bamboo vinegar solution was taken out and used as a test solution. L-tryptophan (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) was added to the test solution so that the final concentration was 2.4 mmol / L. After the addition, in the same manner as in Test Example 1, the test solution was stirred to dissolve tryptophan, and the formaldehyde concentration in the test solution was measured after 24 hours in a state where it was left in a thermostat at 20 ° C. The concentration was 0 ppm (W / V). Thus, by adding tryptophan having a final concentration of 2.4 mmol / L corresponding to twice the formaldehyde concentration (1.2 mmol / L), the formaldehyde in the wood vinegar (bamboo vinegar) can be removed, and the bamboo vinegar It was found that low formaldehyde wood vinegar (bamboo vinegar) can also be prepared using as a starting material. In addition, in this test, tryptophan having a final concentration of 2.4 mmol / L corresponding to twice the formaldehyde concentration (1.2 mmol / L) of the test solution (bamboo vinegar) was added in the same manner as test solution C of Test Example 1. Added.
In addition, the test solution having a formaldehyde concentration of 0 ppm (W / V) (the low formaldehyde wood vinegar solution (bamboo vinegar solution) of the present invention) is not diluted (the bamboo in which the composition of the bamboo vinegar solution stock is kept almost unchanged). It was a 2.7 acidic wood vinegar (bamboo vinegar having antibacterial properties) with no change in pH.

以上のように、本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒドを含む木酢液にトリプトファンを添加し、一定期間ホルムアルデヒドとトリプトファンを反応させることにより得ることができる。
本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、ホルムアルデヒドが除かれる又は低減される以外は、トリプトファン添加前の木酢液原液の組成とほとんど変わりなく、pHにも変化がないものである。
従って、本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液は、トリプトファン添加前の木酢液原液と同様、抗菌性を保持するものであり、使用に際してホルムアルデヒドが揮発しないものであるか、もしくは揮発しても人体に影響を及ぼすおそれがないものである。
また、本発明の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液では、木タールは変化しないため、木タールの展着性が維持され、高い抗菌性を有するものになる。また、木タール自体が持つ抗菌性も維持される。


As described above, the low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution of the present invention can be obtained by adding tryptophan to a pyroligneous acid solution containing formaldehyde and reacting formaldehyde with tryptophan for a certain period of time.
The low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution of the present invention is substantially the same as the composition of the pyroligneous acid stock solution before addition of tryptophan, except that formaldehyde is removed or reduced, and there is no change in pH.
Therefore, the low-formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution of the present invention retains antibacterial properties, similar to the undiluted pyroligneous acid solution of tryptophan. There is no risk of influence.
Moreover, in the low formaldehyde wood vinegar of the present invention, the wood tar does not change, so that the spreadability of the wood tar is maintained and it has high antibacterial properties. In addition, the antibacterial property of wood tar itself is maintained.


Claims (1)

ホルムアルデヒド濃度が5ppm(W/V)未満であることを特徴とする酸性の低ホルムアルデヒド木酢液。


An acidic low formaldehyde pyroligneous acid solution having a formaldehyde concentration of less than 5 ppm (W / V).


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