JP2018202058A - Sheet and behavior determination protection system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a sheet that enables determining an operating state of a human body in a bed with high accuracy while being a very simple configuration, and also can easily be cleaned when stained.SOLUTION: A sheet 10 is provided for covering at least an upper surface of an elastically deformable mattress 4 provided in a bed 1. The sheet is configured by including: a sheet body 11 comprising the elasticity; and a state detection member 20 integrally knitted with the sheet body 11 or joined to the sheet body 11, and converting the stretching state change of the sheet body 11 into the change of electrical characteristics. The state detection member 20 is made of a belt-shaped member, and multiple members are juxtaposed in the long-side direction or the short-side direction of the sheet body 11 at an area R1 positioning in the waist of a protected person in a recumbent position making the long axis of a body conform to a long side of a mattress 4, and also each is serially connected electrically.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a floor covering and a behavior determination protection system, and more particularly, a floor covering for detecting the posture of a person to be protected on a bed, and a behavior determination protection for appropriately protecting a person to be protected based on a detection result using the floor covering. About the system.

  Protected persons such as elderly people get out of their homes and facilities without knowing their families or guardians (hereinafter referred to as “guardians etc.”). Social problems, such as doing, are increasing. In hospitals and care facilities, it is required not only to detect guardian's getting out of bed and prevent wrinkles, but also to prevent accidents such as falls from the guardian's bed and falls.

  For this purpose, a system has been commercialized in which a pressure sensitive mat is arranged at the end near the bed and a notification is transmitted to the guardian or the like when the guardian's bed is detected by the output of the pressure sensitive mat.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228707 describes an image obtained by photographing an action on a bed of a person to be observed based on image data including a silhouette image or a mosaic image of a leaving pattern including a plurality of various wake-up patterns and bedtime patterns photographed in advance. A bed leaving prediction automatic sensing and reporting system for determining the start state of the person's bed leaving movement and reporting simultaneously with the determination, a photographing means for shooting the movement of the person on the bed at regular intervals, Image conversion means for converting an image photographed by the photographing means into a silhouette image or a mosaic image, and identifying the movement pattern of the observer using the converted image data, and the observer starts leaving the bed A determination means using a neural network for determining whether or not to include the prediction, and when determining the start state of the observer's bed leaving motion Lifting prediction Automatic sensing information system characterized by comprising a notification means for notifying dynamically is proposed.

  In Patent Document 2, when receiving a weight distribution data indicating a distribution of weight applied to a bed by a human body and a storage unit in which reference data for specifying a movement of the human body on the bed is stored for each operation type, The position of the center of gravity of the human body on the bed is calculated as the human body position from the weight distribution data, the information on the human body position is stored in the storage unit, and the movement range of the human body corresponding to one or more time segments is described in the information on the human body position. A control unit that estimates the motion of the human body by performing at least the calculation of the reference data with an area obtained from the movement range, or the specification of the reference data with the shape indicated by the movement range; Have been proposed.

  It is necessary to additionally input teacher information after the operation of the system for both the above-described automatic bed prediction automatic detection notification system described in Patent Document 1 and the operation determination apparatus described in Patent Document 2 in order to improve the determination accuracy. There is a problem that it is impossible to make a precise determination simultaneously with the operation of the system.

  In view of these problems, Patent Literature 3 discloses a bed leaving sensor system in which there are few omissions in the presence of bed leaving from the initial stage of system startup and the accuracy of determining whether or not there is a bed after the system is started up.

  The bed leaving sensor system is disposed on a care receiver's bedding, and includes a sensor film made of elastomer, a plurality of electrodes disposed through the sensor film, and a plurality of electrodes set in correspondence with the plurality of electrode arrangements. A sheet-like sensor capable of outputting an input load as an electric quantity corresponding to the detection unit, reference data for specifying the posture of the care recipient, and the care recipient Threshold data for determining whether or not the cared person is out of bed corresponding to the posture of the person to be cared for, and based on the body pressure distribution of the cared person from the amount of electricity The calculation data is calculated, the posture of the cared person is determined by comparing the reference data and the calculation data, and the temporal change of the calculation data is compared with the threshold value data. Determine whether the cared person is getting out of bed, A control unit that outputs a report instruction when it is separated, a notification device that transmits a bed leaving report to a caregiver according to the report instruction, and the care recipient despite the bed notification being transmitted An input device for inputting misjudgment information from the caregiver when there is no bed leaving, and the control device corrects the threshold value data based on the misjudgment information, It is characterized by improving the discrimination accuracy of the presence or absence of getting out of bed.

JP 2007-72964 A JP 2007-313189 A JP 2011-245059 A

  However, the bed leaving prediction automatic detection and notification system described in Patent Document 1 needs to be determined based on an image obtained by capturing the motion of the observer on the bed, and illumination light is transmitted to the observer regardless of day or night. There is a problem that it can only be used in an environment where it hits, and in the motion discrimination device described in Patent Document 2, the weight distribution applied to the bed by the human body using the weight measuring device arranged on each of the four legs supporting the bed In order to measure, the distribution varies depending on the position on the bed even in the same recumbent position, and it is practically difficult to learn all of them.

  Furthermore, in the bed leaving sensor system described in Patent Document 3, a large number of sensors arranged in a matrix are provided over substantially the entire surface between the floor of the bed and the mattress. There is a problem that the cost is increased, and the behavior of the person to be protected on the bed is transmitted to the sensor through the mattress, so that there is a problem that the detection accuracy may be lowered. Further, when such a sensor is provided on the upper surface of the mattress, there is a problem that the touch is poor and the sleeping comfort is impaired, and there is also a problem that it is difficult to clean when dirty.

  The object of the present invention is to use a mat and a mat that can determine the operating state of the human body on the bed with high accuracy and can be easily cleaned even when it is dirty, in view of the problems described above. The point is to provide a behavior determination protection system.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first characteristic configuration of the bedcloth according to the present invention is the bedcloth covering at least the upper surface of the elastically deformable mattress provided in the bed, as described in claim 1 of the claims. A woven fabric body having elasticity, and a state detection member that is knitted or joined to the woven fabric body integrally with the woven fabric body and converts a change in the stretched state of the woven fabric body into a change in electrical characteristics. And the state detection member is formed of a belt-like member, and the covering body is located in a region where the body's long axis is positioned on the waist of the person to be protected in a supine position along the long side of the mattress. Are arranged in parallel in the long-side direction or the short-side direction, and each is electrically connected in series.

  The top surface of the elastically deformable mattress is covered with a stretchable mattress body, so that the mattress body stretches and contracts together with the mattress that elastically deforms in accordance with the movement of the guardian on the bed, and is woven or woven integrally with the mattress body. The movement of the person to be protected is detected as a change in electrical characteristics by the joined state detection member. No matter how the posture of the person to be protected changes on the bed, the load on the mattress is surely applied to the area corresponding to the waist on the mattress, and the load on the area changes depending on the attitude. Therefore, by grasping the change, it becomes possible to accurately detect the posture change of the person to be protected on the bed. In particular, a plurality of state detection members composed of belt-shaped members are arranged in parallel in the long side direction or short side direction of the mat body, and each of the plurality of belt-shaped members is electrically connected in series. Even if the part expands and contracts, the load received from the waist of the person to be protected can be properly detected.

  In the second characteristic configuration, as described in claim 2, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the state detection member is located in a region located on the head of the person to be protected in the supine position. A plurality of the mattresses are arranged in parallel in the long side direction or the short side direction, and each is electrically connected in series.

  When the posture of the guardian on the bed changes from the prone position to the sitting position, the load on the head applied to the mattress changes greatly. Therefore, if the state detection member is arranged in the region of the floor covering body that is positioned on the head of the person to be protected, the posture determination unit can determine the posture of the person to be protected with higher accuracy based on the change in the electrical characteristics. It becomes like this.

  In the third feature configuration, as described in claim 3, in addition to the first or second feature configuration described above, the state detection member has an electrical resistance that correlates with an expansion and contraction state of the floor covering body. It is in the point comprised with the electroconductive elastic fabric which changes.

  Since the state detection member is knitted or joined together with the mattress body, when the posture of the person to be protected changes on the mattress and the mattress body expands and contracts, the state detection member expands and contracts together with the mattress body, and the degree is electrically It will be detected as a change in resistance.

  In the fourth feature configuration, in addition to the third feature configuration described above, the conductive stretchable fabric has a loop formed of conductive yarn in a contracted state in the course direction. The loops are in contact with each other, and each loop is composed of a knitted fabric that is knitted so as to be separated in an extended state in the course direction.

  When the conductive yarn loops come into contact with each other in the contracted state, the electrical resistance at both ends of the conductive yarn is lowered, and in the extended state, the conductive yarn loops are separated from each other and the electrical resistance at both ends of the conductive yarn is increased.

  In the fifth feature configuration, in addition to any of the first to fourth feature configurations described above, the signal extraction end of the state detection member electrically connected in series is provided. A pair of connecting tools for connecting or disconnecting the signal lines is provided in the section, and the connecting tools are arranged at one end of the floor body in the short side direction.

  It is only necessary to connect a signal line to a pair of connectors arranged on one side end of the floor body in the short side direction, and the signal line can be easily wired. The mattress can be easily cleaned.

  In the sixth feature configuration, as described in claim 6, in addition to any of the first to fifth feature configurations described above, the electrical characteristics of the state detection member can be changed via the connector. The measuring instrument to be detected is connected.

  It is only necessary to connect a measuring device to both ends of a narrow strip member connected in series, and a complicated operation such as performing a large number of wiring processes with the measuring device for each of the plurality of strip members does not occur. .

  In the seventh feature configuration, as described in claim 7, in addition to the sixth feature configuration described above, based on a change in electrical characteristics detected by the measuring instrument, It is in the point provided with the attitude | position determination part which determines an attitude | position.

  The posture of the person to be protected can be detected with high accuracy by one index of the change in the electrical characteristics detected by the state detection cloth arranged in the region located on the waist of the person to be protected.

  The characteristic configuration of the behavior determination protection system according to the present invention is a behavior determination protection system that determines and protects the behavior of a person to be protected on a bed, as described in claim 8, wherein the behavior of the person to be protected is determined. Based on a plurality of sensor systems to be detected by different principles, a plurality of alerting mechanisms having different information transmission methods, a signal input unit for inputting a detection value by each sensor system, and each detection value input to the signal input unit Applying a stratified decision-making method from the possibility of encountering a crisis that diverges in time, calculating a crisis encounter probability, selecting one of the plurality of alerting mechanisms, and selecting by the calculation unit And a signal output unit that operates the alerting mechanism that is provided, and the mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for one of the sensor systems.

  By providing multiple sensor systems, it is possible to obtain information that cannot be supplemented by a single sensor system, and it is possible to encounter a degree of danger or a time-dependent danger from the characteristics of each sensor system. Since it is configured to select one of multiple alerting mechanisms by applying a hierarchical decision-making method from the nature, it is possible to select an appropriate alerting mechanism according to the situation with a simple configuration become.

  As described above, according to the present invention, although it has a very simple configuration, it is possible to accurately determine the operating state of the human body on the bed, and the behavior using the mattress and the mattress that can be easily cleaned even when dirty. Judgment protection system can be provided.

(A) is explanatory drawing of the state by which the mattress by this invention was mounted | worn with the mattress, (b) is explanatory drawing of a mattress (A) is a plan view explanatory view of the state detection member, (b) is an explanatory view of the conductive cloth and the connection tool for connecting the state detection cloths in series, (c) is a state where the signal line is connected to the connection tool. Explanatory drawing, (d) is explanatory drawing of the crimp terminal crimped to the edge part of a signal wire | line Knitting organization chart of the knitted fabric that will be the main body Knitting structure diagram of the state detection member in the contracted state Knitting organization chart of state detection member (A) is explanatory drawing of the mattress which shows another embodiment, (b) is explanatory drawing of the mattress which shows another embodiment. (A) is explanatory drawing of SCY which can be used for posture detection cloth, (b) is explanatory drawing of DCY which can be used for posture detection cloth, (c) is explanatory drawing of SCY in an extension state, (d) is covering Knitting organization chart of flat knitting using yarn Configuration diagram of the behavior judgment protection system

Hereinafter, an example of a bedding according to the present invention and a behavior determination protection system using the bedding will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1A, for example, a bed 1 is provided in each room of a facility that provides care for a person to be protected H suffering from dementia. The bed 1 includes four legs 2 and a frame 3 supported by the legs 2, and a mattress 4 covered with a mat cloth 10 according to the present invention is placed on the frame 3. A narrow belt-like state detection member 20 is arranged on the flooring 10, and signal lines S <b> 1 and S <b> 2 connected to both ends of the state detection member 20 are connected to the measuring device 30.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (b), a flooring 10 is composed of a flooring body 11 composed of a stretchable cloth, and a woven or mating body integrally joined to the flooring body 11, and the flooring body 11 is in a stretched state. And a state detection member 20 that converts the change into a change in electrical characteristics. A knitted fabric or a woven fabric is preferably used as the fabric constituting the mat body 11. Hereinafter, although the example in which the mattress body 11 and the state detection member 20 are configured by a knitted fabric will be described in detail, it goes without saying that it may be configured by a woven fabric.

  The knitted fabric that becomes the mattress body 11 is a knitted fabric obtained by knitting a heat-deformable elastic yarn and other yarns by plating knitting, and heat-deforming the heat-deformable elastic yarn by heat-set processing. The edge is composed of a knitted fabric that can be cut off.

  If the knitted fabric subjected to such unwinding processing is employed, the fibers will not be unwound from the end portion that has been cut off even after repeated washing, and the appearance will not deteriorate. Further, for example, a conventional unblocking process in which the end portion is folded and sewn is unnecessary, so that a low-priced mat with high productivity can be realized.

  Plating knitting is also called splicing knitting, and the existing knitting method can be adopted. For example, it is particularly preferable to use a knitting method in which a plurality of yarns are fed from different yarn feeders to a knitting needle because the arrangement of the yarns in each knitting loop is stably determined.

  FIG. 3 shows the knitting structure of the plating knitting. The plating knitted fabric knitted by feeding the heat-deformable elastic yarn 12 and the other yarn 13 to the knitting needles from different yarn feeders is the heat-deformable elastic yarn 12 and the other yarns in each knitting loop. 13 is stable, so that the heat-deformable elastic yarns can be adjacent to all the loops. If the heat-deformable elastic yarns are thermally deformed by heat setting or the like, all the loops of the knitted fabric With this, the unlocking function can be realized with certainty.

  Specifically, in this embodiment, a low-melting point polyurethane elastic yarn is used as the heat-deformable elastic yarn 12, and a mixed yarn of cotton yarn and polyester yarn is selected as the other yarn 13 and is knitted by milling or smooth knitting. Knitted fabric is used. By heat-setting the knitted fabric, the low melting point polyurethane elastic yarn is melted and fused to each other, thereby realizing the release function. By adjusting the ratio of the cotton yarn and the polyester yarn, a knitted fabric having a suitable hygroscopicity and quick-drying property can be obtained. In this embodiment, the fabric is set to 55% cotton, 30% polyester and 15% polyurethane. .

  In addition to using a heat-fusible elastic yarn such as a low-melting point polyurethane elastic yarn as the heat-deformable elastic yarn, it is also possible to use a polyurethane urea elastic fiber. Due to heat treatment such as heat set processing, the polyurethane urea elastic fibers are compressed and deformed at the contact points between the polyurethane urea elastic fibers or between the polyurethane urea elastic fibers and the partner yarn, and the polyurethane urea elastic fibers are bonded to each other or against the polyurethane urea elastic fibers. Since the yarns are fixed, the polyurethane urea elastic fibers and the partner yarns are not easily removed from the knitted fabric, and a knitted fabric in which curling and unwinding are suppressed can be obtained. In other words, the heat-deformable elastic yarn is not limited thereto as long as it has a characteristic of being melted or compressed and deformed by heat treatment.

  In addition, the knitted fabric which becomes the mattress body 11 is not limited to the knitted fabric subjected to the above-described unwinding processing, and the knitted fabric can be stretched in two directions of the course direction and the wale direction by polyurethane yarn being knitted into the ground structure. If it is the ground. Moreover, the knitted fabric which can be expanded-contracted only in either of these two directions may be sufficient, and in that case, the state detection fabric 20 should just be arrange | positioned along the said expandable direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the state detection fabric 20 as the state detection member is knitted into a flat and narrow strip shape, and is provided with a conductive stretch fabric 21 disposed in the center in the width direction, and a conductive stretch fabric. 21 includes a non-conductive stretchable fabric 22 disposed on both sides of 21. In this embodiment, the width of the conductive stretch fabric 21 is set to about 2 mm and the width of the non-conductive stretch fabric 22 on both sides is set to about 3.5 mm. However, the present invention is not limited to this value.

  The conductive stretch fabric 21 and the non-conductive stretch fabric 22 are integrated to show stretchability along the longitudinal direction, and the fabric 20 is warped or bent in the front and back direction, bent to the left and right along the surface direction, and Sufficient flexibility to allow twisting. Alternatively, the state detection fabric 20 may be configured by only the conductive stretch fabric 21 without the non-conductive stretch fabric 22.

  The non-conductive stretch fabric 22 is a knitted fabric knitted only with non-conductive yarns such as synthetic fibers (for example, nylon, polyester), natural fibers, or a material obtained by mixing them with elastic yarns. Is a knitted fabric knitted using conductive yarn and elastic yarn. In this specification, the “conductive yarn” means a bare material in which a metal component is exposed on the surface of the yarn, and the “elastic yarn” means no load (when not stretched = normal state) when no tensile force is applied. A material that maintains a contracted state and expands freely according to the tensile force when a tensile force is applied, and returns to the original contracted state from the expanded state when the tensile force is released.

  Metal with resin component, natural fiber, or metal wire as the conductive yarn, and wet or dry coating, plating, vacuum film formation, or other appropriate deposition methods applied to the core. It is preferred to use a deposited wire (plated wire). Although a monofilament can be used for the core, a multifilament or a spun yarn is preferable to the monofilament. Furthermore, it is also possible to use fibers having elasticity such as polyurethane fibers. Bulky processed yarns such as wooly processed yarns, covering yarns such as SCY and DCY, and fluffed yarns are more preferable.

  Examples of metal components to be deposited on the core include pure metals such as aluminum, nickel, copper, titanium, magnesium, tin, zinc, iron, silver, gold, platinum, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, alloys thereof, stainless steel Brass, etc. can be used.

  As elastic yarn, polyurethane or rubber-based elastomer material may be used alone, or covering yarn using polyurethane or rubber-based elastomer material for “core” and nylon or polyester for “cover” is adopted. be able to. By employing such a covering yarn, functions such as hydrophilicity, water repellency, corrosion resistance / corrosion resistance, and coloring can be imparted. It is also useful for improving touch and controlling elongation. It is also possible to use a thread containing a conductive material as the elastic thread.

  4 and 5 illustrate the knitted structure of the conductive stretch fabric 21. FIG. The conductive fabric 25 is used to form a flat knitted fabric (also referred to as a tengu or a single) so that the longitudinal direction of the belt-shaped fabric 20 as a belt-shaped member is along the course direction, and the elastic yarn 26 is inserted in the course direction by an inlay. Yes. In this example, one elastic thread 26 is inserted for each course of the conductive thread 25, and the elastic thread 26 is entangled with each loop of the conductive thread 25 along the conductive thread 25.

  Each loop of the conductive yarn 25 is deformed into a shape contracted in the course direction by the elastic yarn 26, and this deformed shape is maintained. Since the conductive yarn 25 is a conductive bare material, the greater the number of contact points by the loop, and the more the contact area increases by being shrunk in the course direction, the number of conductive contacts, that is, conductive The area is large, the energization path is shortened, and the electrical resistance between two locations separated in the course direction is reduced.

  When the fabric is stretched, the loops of the conductive yarn 25 come apart against the tightening force of the elastic yarn 26. The separation behavior of the loop of the conductive yarn 25 at this time is not that all the loops are separated all at once, but the contact pressure is gradually reduced in proportion to the degree of elongation of the knitted fabric, but the contact state is still maintained ( A case where the contact area is reduced compared to the case of non-extension), a case where contact is released and the gap is gradually widened, or a case where the contact state is maintained when not extended are mixed (FIG. 5). reference).

  Therefore, as the elongation starts from the non-elongation and the degree of elongation increases, the conduction area decreases, the energization path becomes longer, and the electric resistance tends to gradually increase. Naturally, when the stretching force applied to the fabric is released, the loop of the conductive yarn 25 contracts in the course direction due to the tightening force of the elastic yarn 26 in the course direction, and is restored to the non-stretched state. As the value increases, the electrical resistance decreases.

  4 and 5 exemplify a flat knitted fabric as the knitted structure of the conductive stretchable fabric 21, but a ground knitted structure is formed by the conductive yarn 25 with a rubber knitted fabric (milling knitting), and the elastic yarn 26 is in the course direction by the inlay. May be inserted.

  That is, the conductive stretchable fabric 21 is knitted with conductive yarns 25 in which loops are formed in the course direction, and elastic yarns 26 that are inserted in the course direction and that come into contact with each loop in the contracted state and can be separated from each other in the stretched state. It is made up of knitted fabric. In this embodiment, the example in which the elastic yarn is inserted in the course direction has been described. However, as will be described later, the conductive yarn itself may be an elastic yarn, and in this case, the elastic yarn may not be inserted. Good.

  The non-conductive stretch fabric 22 is knitted with the same knitting structure as that of the conductive stretch fabric 21 using an insulating thread such as a synthetic fiber instead of the conductive thread 25 described above.

  As shown in FIG. 1B and FIGS. 2B to 2C, such a state detection fabric 20 is provided on the mattress body 11 such that the long axis of the mattress 4 In the region R1 located on the waist of the person H to be protected in the lying position along the side, a plurality of pieces in the short side direction of the covering main body 11, in this embodiment, a rectangular covering main body having a horizontal T = 220 cm and a vertical L = 120 cm 11 ranges from 85 cm from the toe side end to 85 cm from the head side tip are included in the region R1, and 11 are arranged in parallel at a pitch of 5 cm, and each is similar to the conductive stretch fabric 21 described above. Are electrically connected in series by the conductive fabric 23 knitted into the shape.

  Further, a pair of connecting devices 24 for connecting or disconnecting the signal lines are provided at both ends which are signal extraction ends of the state detection fabric 20 electrically connected in series, and the connecting device 24 is connected to the short side of the mat body 11. It is arranged at one end of the direction.

  What is necessary is just to connect signal line S1, S2 for connecting with the measuring device 30 to a pair of connector 24 arrange | positioned at the one side end of the floor body 11 in the short side direction, and wiring work of signal line S1, S2 It can be easily performed, and the mattress 10 can be easily cleaned by detaching the connector 24 and the signal lines S1 and S2.

  A metal female snap button is preferably used as the connection tool 24. It is composed of a concave metal fitting 24a into which a male snap button convex metal fitting is fitted, and a fixing metal fitting 24b for fixing the concave metal fitting 24a so as to sandwich the mat body 11 and the state detection fabric 20, and a claw portion standing on the fixing metal fitting 24b is recessed. The female snap button and the state detection fabric 20 are electrically connected by caulking to the metal fitting 24a.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (d), a crimp terminal 29 is crimped to a copper wire from which the insulation coating has been removed at the ends of the signal lines S1, S2. The crimp terminal 29 is configured to include a fixing bracket 29b connected to the annular portion 29a, and is crimped so that the fixing bracket 29b is electrically connected to the copper wires of the signal lines S1 and S2.

  Then, a convex fitting 28a and a fixing fitting 28b constituting a metal male snap button as the connection tool 29 are crimped so as to sandwich the annular portion 29a. By engaging the male snap button with the female snap button, the state detection fabric 20 and the signal lines S1, S2 are electrically connected.

  As described above, the state detection fabric 20 is joined to the mattress body 11 by sewing or bonding. For example, the state detection fabric 20 expands and contracts following the expansion and contraction of the mat body 11 by performing expansion and contraction using any of overlock stitching, flat stitching, chain stitching or staggered stitching. Further, in the case of sewing using stretchable yarn, non-stretchable sewing may be used.

  Further, for example, the condition detection fabric 20 is attached to the bed body 11 using an adhesive that can be bonded by a heat treatment lower than the heat deformation temperature of the heat deformation elastic yarn such as polyurethane used for the unfastening fabric constituting the bed body 11. You may adhere to.

  For example, polyurethane hot melt resin, polyester hot melt resin, polyamide hot melt resin, EVA hot melt resin, polyolefin hot melt resin, styrene elastomer resin, moisture curable hot melt resin, reactive hot melt resin, etc. Is mentioned. Among these, moisture-curable hot melt resins are particularly preferable because they have high adhesive strength and can be bonded in a short time.

  When the state detection fabric 20 is joined to the laying body 11 using an adhesive, a zigzag pattern is formed so that the adhesive is not applied to the entire surface of the state detection fabric 20 but is folded at the end in the width direction of the state detection fabric 20. It is preferable to adopt a linear repetitive pattern with a width of about 1 mm, such as a sine curve, or an arbitrary pattern in which the bonding positions are distributed in a dotted manner across the non-bonding region.

  If the adhesive is applied to the entire surface, there is a concern that the extension of the state detection fabric 20 may be suppressed by the adhesive when the mat body 11 is extended. However, if the adhesive is applied in the above pattern, the state detection is performed following the extension of the mat body 11. The dough 20 becomes elongated.

  In the present embodiment, the state detection fabric 20 is placed on the mattress body 11 in the region R <b> 1 that is located on the waist of the person H to be protected in a prone position with the long axis of the body of the person H to be protected along the long side of the mattress 4. In the above description, a plurality of parallel lines are arranged in the short side direction of the mat body 11, but a plurality of parallel lines may be arranged in the long side direction of the mat body 11 in the region R1. In order to electrically connect the state detection fabric 20 and the conductive fabric 23, it is possible to employ either a connection using an adhesive or a connection using a conductive thread.

  FIG. 6B shows an example in which a plurality of state detection fabrics 20 are arranged in parallel in the long side direction of the laying body 11 in the region R1. Also in this case, each of the state detection cloths 20 is electrically connected in series by the conductive cloth 23 described above, and the signal is detected at both ends which are signal extraction ends of the state detection cloth 20 electrically connected in series. It is preferable that a pair of connecting tools 24 for connecting or disconnecting the lines S1 and S2 is provided, and the connecting tools 24 are arranged at one end of the floor body 11 in the short side direction.

  When the degree of expansion / contraction of the knitted fabric of the laying cloth body 11 is larger in the course direction than in the wale direction, the longitudinal direction of the state detection fabric 20 should be arranged along the course direction of the knitted fabric of the laying cloth body 11. In the opposite case, it is preferable that the state detection fabric 20 is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the state detection fabric 20 is along the wale direction of the knitted fabric of the mat body 11.

  No matter how the posture of the person to be protected changes on the bed 1, the load is surely applied to the area corresponding to the waist on the mattress 4 until the person leaves the bed, and the load changes depending on the posture. By grasping the change, the posture change of the guardian on the bed can be accurately detected.

  Since such a state detection cloth 20 is arranged on the back surface of the mat body 11, that is, the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the skin of the person to be protected, it does not give a particular uncomfortable feeling to the person to be protected.

  In particular, a plurality of strip-shaped fabrics are formed by arranging a plurality of state detection fabrics 20 composed of strip-shaped fabrics in parallel in the long side direction or the short side direction of the mat body 11 and electrically connecting them in series. Even if any part of the throat expands or contracts, the load received from the waist of the person to be protected can be properly detected.

  For example, when the position of the person to be protected is in the supine position, the contact area with the mattress 4 is increased and the load is distributed, so that a large load is not applied near the waist, but in the sitting position The contact area with the mattress 4 is reduced, the load is concentrated, and a large load is applied near the waist. By capturing such changes, the posture of the person to be protected can be determined.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (a), a plurality of state detection fabrics 20 are arranged in parallel in the long side direction or the short side direction of the mat body 11 in the region R2 located on the head of the person to be protected in the lying position. It is preferable that each is electrically connected in series. In this example, two state detection fabrics 20 are arranged in parallel from a position of 40 cm from the head side of the bed body 11, and are electrically connected by the conductive fabric 23. In addition, they are connected in series, and a connector 24 is provided at both ends.

  When the posture of the person to be protected on the bed 1 changes from the prone position to the sitting position, the load on the head applied to the mat greatly changes. Therefore, when the state detection fabric 20 is arranged in the region R2 located on the head of the person to be protected in the lying position in the mat body 11, the posture determination unit can further accurately determine the posture of the person to be protected based on the change in the electrical characteristics. You can judge well.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), as the conductive stretchable fabric 21, a covering yarn 27 made of elastic yarn 26 as a core and SCY coated with a single conductive yarn 25 or DCY coated with a double coating. It is also possible to use a fabric knitted by.

  As shown in FIG. 7C, when the fabric is stretched, the elastic yarn 26 itself is stretched to widen the gap between the wound conductive yarns 25, and the contact points of the conductive yarns between adjacent courses are reduced. As a result, the resistance value changes.

  FIG. 7D illustrates a plain knitted fabric using such covering yarn. Either SCY or DCY may be used as the covering yarn, but DCY is more preferable because there is an intersection between the conductive yarns, and conduction can be secured, the covering density is easily increased, and the effect of lowering the initial resistance value is obtained. The draft rate of the elastic yarn and the twist number of the conductive yarn may be about the same as the covering yarn usually used for skin wearing (for example, the draft rate is about 1.0 to 5.0 times, and the twist number is about 50 to 2000 T / m). .

  As in this example, the state detection fabric 20 can be knitted integrally with the mat body 11, and only the region of the mat body 11 where the state detection fabric 20 is to be arranged is knitted integrally with the mat body 11. Is also possible. Moreover, as a mode of knitting integrally with the laying cloth main body 11, it is possible to sew the covering thread described above after the knitting of the laying cloth main body 11 so as to function as the state detection cloth 20.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the state detection fabric 20 that detects the change in the stretched state of the flooring body 11 is configured to detect the change in the resistance value as the electrical characteristic has been described. Alternatively, a change in inductance value may be detected. For example, the state detection fabric 20 may be knitted with an elastic yarn such as polyurethane as a core yarn and a yarn covered with an insulating coated conductive yarn. The property that the inductance value changes depending on the expansion / contraction state of the electrically conductive yarn with insulation coating that functions as a coil in accordance with the expansion / contraction of the core yarn can be used.

  FIG. 8 shows a behavior determination protection system 100 in which the above-described mattress 10 is incorporated as one of sensor systems for detecting the behavior of a person to be protected.

  The behavior determination protection system 100 is a behavior determination protection system that determines and protects the behavior of the person H to be protected on the bed 1, and includes a plurality of sensor systems M1 and M2 that detect the behavior of the person H to be protected based on different principles. , M3, posture determination unit 50, and a plurality of alerting mechanisms 60 having different information transmission methods.

  The first sensor system M1 provided with the above-mentioned mattress 10 and the measuring device 30 connected to the condition detection fabric 20 disposed on the mattress 10, and the bed 1 is provided on the side portion to detect the bed leaving from the bed 1. A third sensor composed of a second sensor system M2 composed of an optical sensor having a light projecting section 40 and a light receiving section 41, and an infrared camera M3 disposed in the vicinity of the ceiling of the room so as to look down on the bed 1. This is the system M3.

  The posture determination unit 50 determines a change in the posture of the person H to be protected on the bed (for example, whether or not there is a preparatory action for getting out of bed such as changing the posture from the prone position to the sitting position) by using the first sensor system M1. The two-sensor system M2 detects the person H's getting out of bed (for example, the presence or absence of an act of leaving the bed), the third sensor system M3 determines the operating state of the person to be protected H, Comprehensively determine the attitude of the parent

  When determining the behavior of the person H to be protected using a single sensor system, there is a high probability that information other than the dangerous action will be mixed in and misrecognized when acquiring information such as the dangerous action. Since it is often difficult to achieve the above, the reliability is increased by using a plurality of sensor systems.

  The posture determination unit 50 is hierarchized from a signal input unit 51 that inputs detection values from the sensor systems M1, M2, and M3, and a crisis probability that diverges in time based on the detection values input to the signal input unit 51. A calculation unit 52 that selects one of the plurality of alerting mechanisms 60 by applying a decision making method, and a signal output unit 53 that operates the alerting mechanism 60 selected by the calculating unit 52 are provided.

  As the alerting mechanism 60, a first alerting mechanism 61 that alerts the guardian H to stop leaving the bed and a second alerting mechanism 62 that includes an alarm device that requests the guardian to be dispatched are provided. .

  The first alerting mechanism 61 includes a liquid crystal monitor device, a television tuner, and a storage device that stores content to be displayed on the liquid crystal monitor device in addition to the display signal from the television tuner.

  As content, TV programs that the guardian H is strongly fond of, for example, famous historical drama, videos and photos and sounds of their attached family, social activities that they have been involved in, and videos that they loved sports, etc. Are stored in the storage device in a selectable manner.

  When the guardian determines that the guardian has a sign of getting out of bed based on the detected values by the sensor systems M1, M2, and M3, the calculation unit 52 uses the stratified decision making technique to determine the degree of the risk. And any one of the alerting mechanisms 60 is activated from the calculated value.

  For example, when it is determined that there is a relatively low risk of danger but there is a high possibility of being associated with getting out of bed, the first alerting mechanism 61 is activated and a television program that is strongly regarded by the person H to be protected is output to the liquid crystal monitor device. By doing so, let's stop the behavior of getting out of bed.

  Also, when it is determined that there is a high possibility that it will lead to a bed leaving action that is more likely to encounter danger based on the detection values by the sensor systems M1, M2, and M3 after the first alerting mechanism 61 is activated. The second alerting mechanism 62 is activated to request the guardian to be dispatched, and the first alerting mechanism 61 is activated to output a video, a photograph and a sound of an attached family to the liquid crystal monitor device.

  According to the above-described configuration, by activating an existing device such as a TV, for example, by delaying getting out of the floor and preventing falling over when leaving the floor, or by interlocking with a device such as a nurse call or a video camera, respectively. It is possible to encourage the staff to communicate information according to the degree of risk.

  In this way, by determining the extent of the guardian's leaving action using the hierarchized decision making technique and activating the appropriate alerting mechanism 60, accidents such as falls from the guardian's bed or falls It is configured to prevent.

  In other words, the calculation unit 52 acquires dangerous motions from multiple sensor systems and determines the danger encounter risk, but may encounter a time-dependent danger by calculating to diverge in time. And the risk encounter probability is determined by superimposing the results obtained from the respective sensor systems.

  As a result, even if the danger encounter probability increases, the staff will not be alerted if the danger level subsequently decreases or the dangerous action is interrupted. This not only provides the advantage of not obstructing the normal work of the nursing staff, but also provides the advantage of being able to more appropriately take actions to avoid danger when alerted.

  Hierarchical decision-making method AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) is a calculation method in which when there are a plurality of different elements, the elements are continuously combined and handled as one element. By constructing a hierarchical structure combining elements in series or in parallel, and placing weights calculated based on the results of comparisons based on the importance of the event for each element, the elements with different standards can be identified identically. It can be handled. An alternative prepared in advance is selected from the results thus obtained.

  An example of calculation processing for hierarchical decision making by the calculation unit 52 will be described. The storage unit included in the calculation unit 52 outputs an output indicating whether the alerting mechanism 60 is activated to deal with the hierarchy of the detection values of the sensor systems M1, M2, and M3 that raise a problem due to decision making. Stored is each hierarchical data of evaluation criteria for evaluating which one of output hierarchies is selected from the hierarchy of hierarchies and detection values.

  The evaluation criterion is that the value detected from each measuring device is based on a paired comparison table for the evaluation item in the hierarchy of preset detection values and a paired comparison table for the evaluation item in the output hierarchy. It is composed of the crisis encounter probability calculated with the weight representing the importance determined in this way and the coefficient that diverges in time. As the evaluation items of the hierarchy obtained from the detection value, for example, supine position, sitting position, turning over, preliminary movement of getting out of bed, leaving the bed, etc. are set, and as the evaluation items of the output hierarchy, for example, one alerting mechanism 60, each A combination of the alerting mechanism 60 is set.

  The calculation unit 52 obtains an evaluation value from the weight of the evaluation item corresponding to each of the input detection values, the weight of the evaluation item in the output hierarchy, and the possibility of encountering a time-dependent crisis, and from the result The alerting mechanism 60 is activated.

  The weight of the evaluation item and the crisis probability are configured to be corrected based on the results of the preliminary simulation and operation test of the system. For example, if there is no effect of action to suppress getting out of bed, an evaluation input section is provided to that effect, and the value of the pair comparison table is corrected based on the result, or the weight and crisis probability are corrected. The

An experiment for confirming the accuracy of getting out of bed was performed using the mat 10 described with reference to FIG. The subject is instructed to change the posture in the order of supine position, long sitting position, supine position, long sitting position, end sitting position, and standing position on the bed 1, and the resistance value change of the state detection fabric 20 at that time is changed with a digital multimeter. I read it. The test subjects were 17 young healthy individuals.

  First, when the posture was changed from the supine position to the long sitting position, the resistance value of all 17 persons increased. Next, when the posture changed from the long sitting position to the supine position, the resistance value of all 17 persons decreased. Furthermore, when the posture was changed from the supine position to the long sitting position, the resistance value of all 17 persons increased. Furthermore, when the posture was changed from the long sitting position to the end sitting position, the resistance value of all 17 persons increased.

  That is, it has been found that the posture change of the subject can be reliably detected by arranging the state detection fabric 20 in the region R1 located on the waist of the person to be protected in a prone position along the long side of the mattress.

  In addition, as a result of performing the same experiment by placing the state detection fabric 20 in the region located in the head of the person to be protected and the region located in the leg, a significant result was obtained in the state detection fabric 20 placed in the leg region. However, it was found that the state change fabric 20 arranged in the head region can reliably detect the posture change. As a result, it was indispensable to dispose the state detection fabric 20 at least in the waist region, and it was also found that if the state detection fabric 20 is additionally disposed in the head region, the prone position and the sitting position can be clearly identified.

  The bedding according to the present invention can be easily cleaned even when it becomes dirty, and is widely used in nursing care facilities and the like as a sensor that can accurately determine the operating state of the human body on the bed.

1: bed 4: mattress 10: mat 11: mat body 20: state detection fabric 21: conductive stretch fabric 22: non-conductive stretch fabric 23: conductive fabric 24: connector 25: conductive yarn 26: elastic yarn 30: Measuring instrument 100: Behavior determination protection system

Claims (8)

A bed covering at least the upper surface of an elastically deformable mattress provided in the bed,
The floor body with elasticity,
A state detection member that is knitted or joined to the mattress body integrally with the mattress body, and converts a change in the stretched state of the mattress body into a change in electrical characteristics;
Configured with
The state detection member is composed of a belt-like member, and is located in a region where the long axis of the body is positioned along the long side of the mattress and in the waist portion of the person to be protected, A floor covering characterized in that a plurality of pieces are arranged in parallel in the short side direction, and each is electrically connected in series.   A plurality of the state detection members are arranged in parallel in the long side direction or the short side direction of the floor covering body in the region located on the head of the person to be protected in the prone position, and each is electrically connected in series. The floor covering according to claim 1, wherein:   The floor covering according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the state detection member includes a conductive stretch fabric whose electrical resistance changes in correlation with the stretch state of the floor body.   The conductive stretch fabric is composed of a knitted fabric in which loops formed of conductive yarns are knitted so that each loop comes into contact in a contracted state in the course direction and each loop can be separated in an extended state in the course direction. The floor covering according to claim 3.   A pair of connectors for connecting or disconnecting a signal line is provided at the signal extraction end of the state detection member electrically connected in series, and the connector is disposed at one end in the short side direction of the mat body. The bedding according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The floor covering according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a measuring device that detects a change in electrical characteristics of the state detection member is connected via the connector.   The mat according to claim 6, further comprising a posture determination unit that determines a posture of the person to be protected on the bed based on a change in electrical characteristics detected by the measuring device. A behavior determination protection system that determines and protects the behavior of a guardian on a bed,
A plurality of sensor systems for detecting the behavior of the person to be protected based on different principles;
Multiple alerting mechanisms with different information transmission methods;
A signal input unit for inputting a detection value by each sensor system;
Applying a stratified decision-making method from the possibility of encountering a crisis that diverges in time based on each detection value input to the signal input unit, calculating a crisis encounter probability, which of the plurality of alerting mechanisms An arithmetic unit for selecting
A signal output unit for operating the alerting mechanism selected by the arithmetic unit;
Configured with
The bedding according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for one of the sensor systems.