JP2018192429A - Distillatory apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To reduce energy consumption.SOLUTION: A distillatory apparatus 100 includes: a re-boiler part 120 including a compression container for storing a raw material gas containing a low-boiling point component and a high-boiling component with a higher boiling point than that of the low-boiling point component in a compressed state, and a heating part 124 for heating the raw material gas stored in the compression container; a condenser part 150 connected to the re-boiler part 120 via piping 130 (connection passage) and having a low-pressure container that is held at low pressure by the compression container; and a pressure holding valve 132 provided in the piping 130.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a distillation apparatus that separates a raw material gas containing a low-boiling component and a high-boiling component.

  Distillation apparatuses are used for distillation of alcoholic beverages, edible oils, petrochemical products, etc., removal of ammonia, recovery of carbon dioxide, production of pharmaceuticals, and the like. The distillation apparatus is an apparatus for separating a raw material liquid containing a low boiling point component and a high boiling point component into a distillate and a bottoms.

  As such a distillation apparatus, an apparatus including a distillation tower having a plurality of shelves provided therein, a reboiler, and a condenser is known (for example, Patent Document 1). In the distillation apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the raw material liquid is supplied to the center of the distillation column. The reboiler generates steam by heating the liquid discharged from the bottom of the distillation column. The steam produced by the reboiler is refluxed to the bottom of the distillation column. The condenser cools the vapor discharged from the top of the distillation column to produce a distillate. A part of the distillate produced by the condenser is refluxed to the top of the distillation column.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-089674

  By the way, there is a demand for separating the raw material gas existing as a gas at atmospheric pressure using the distillation apparatus. In this case, the distillation column and the reboiler need to be in a pressurized state to such an extent that at least a part of the raw material gas is liquefied. On the other hand, since the distillate after separation (separate having a lower boiling point component than the raw material gas) does not need to be liquid, it is not necessary to pressurize the condenser to the same extent as in the distillation tower or reboiler.

  However, since the distillation apparatus, the reboiler, and the condenser communicate with each other, the condenser alone cannot have a lower pressure than the others. For this reason, the capacitor is unnecessarily pressurized, and there is a problem in that the energy consumed for pressurizing the capacitor is wasted.

  In view of such problems, the present disclosure aims to provide a distillation apparatus capable of reducing energy consumption.

  In order to solve the above problem, a distillation apparatus according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a pressurized container that accommodates a source gas in a pressurized state, and a heating unit that heats the source gas accommodated in the pressurized container. A reboiler unit having a low pressure vessel connected to the reboiler unit via a connection passage and held at a lower pressure than the pressurization vessel, and a pressure holding valve provided in the connection passage.

  The capacitor unit may include a cooling unit.

  The pressure of the low-pressure vessel may be a pressure equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure.

  Further, a reflux pump may be provided in which a suction side is connected to the low-pressure vessel and a discharge side is connected to the pressurization vessel.

  According to the present disclosure, it is possible to reduce energy consumption.

It is a figure explaining the schematic structure of a distillation apparatus. It is a disassembled perspective view of a 1st separation unit. It is a disassembled perspective view of a 2nd separation unit.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding, and do not limit the present disclosure unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Also, illustration of elements not directly related to the present disclosure is omitted.

(Distillation apparatus 100)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the distillation apparatus 100. In FIG. 1, the flow of liquid is indicated by solid arrows, and the flow of gas is indicated by broken arrows. The distillation apparatus 100 is an apparatus that separates a raw material gas containing a low boiling point component and a high boiling point component having a higher boiling point than the low boiling point component into a distillate gas and a bottom gas. The distillate gas is a gas having a higher concentration of low-boiling components than the raw material gas. The bottom gas is a gas having a higher concentration of high boiling point components than the raw material gas. Note that the raw material gas, the distillate gas, and the bottom gas are in a gaseous state under atmospheric pressure.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the distillation apparatus 100 includes a raw material gas storage container 110, a raw material gas supply pump 112, a reboiler unit 120, a first pressure holding valve 132, a canned gas discharge pump 140, and a canned gas. A storage container 142, a pressure reducing valve 144, a condenser unit 150, a reflux pump 160, a distillate gas discharge pump 170, a distillate gas storage container 172, and a second pressure holding valve 174 are configured.

  The source gas storage container 110 is a container (tank) for storing source gas. The source gas storage container 110 is connected to the suction side of the source gas supply pump 112 via a pipe 110a. The discharge side of the source gas supply pump 112 is connected to the first separation unit 122 (passage port 212a) of the reboiler unit 120 through the pipe 110b. The source gas supply pump 112 is a pressurizing pump. The raw material gas supply pump 112 pressurizes and liquefies the raw material gas stored in the raw material gas storage container 110, and supplies the liquefied raw material gas (raw material liquid) to the reboiler part 120 (passage port 212a).

  The reboiler unit 120 includes a first separation unit 122 and a heating unit 124. The first separation unit 122 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel, and contains a source gas (raw material liquid) therein. The first separation unit 122 stores the source gas in a pressurized state such that at least a part of the source gas becomes liquid. The heating unit 124 includes, for example, an electric heater, an oil heater, and the like, and heats the first separation unit 122. The heating unit 124 heats the inside of the first separation unit 122 to the first temperature. The first temperature is a predetermined temperature that is equal to or higher than the boiling point of the low boiling point component and lower than the boiling point of the high boiling point component.

  FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the first separation unit 122. In FIG. 2 of the present embodiment, an X axis (horizontal direction), a Y axis (horizontal direction), and a Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. As shown in FIG. 2, the first separation unit 122 includes a main body 210 (a pressurized container) and a rib 220.

  The main body 210 is a prismatic hollow member made of a metal material. The main body 210 includes a bottom surface 212, a top surface 214, and a side surface 216. On one end side of the bottom surface 212, a passage port 212a that functions as a raw material liquid supply port is formed. On the other end side of the bottom surface 212, a passage port 212b that functions as a bottom discharge port is formed. That is, the passage port 212a and the passage port 212b are formed on the bottom surface 212 so as to be separated from each other.

  In addition, a passage port 214 a that functions as a steam discharge port is formed on one end side of the upper surface 214. The passage port 214a is provided to face the passage port 212a.

  The rib 220 is a member that stands from the bottom surface 212 and extends from the passage port 212a side to the passage port 212b side. A plurality of ribs 220 (here, six) are provided. In the present embodiment, the rib 220 has a width of the base end 222 (width in the X-axis direction in FIG. 2) larger than the width of the tip 224. Further, the tip 224 of the rib 220 is separated from the upper surface 214.

  The dimensional relationship of the first separation unit 122 will be described. The distance between the base ends 222 of the adjacent ribs 220 is, for example, about 1 mm. The distance between the tips 224 of the adjacent ribs 220 is, for example, about 2 mm. The height of the rib 220 (the height from the base end 222 to the tip end 224, the height in the Z-axis direction in FIG. 2) is, for example, about 3 mm. The distance between the tip 224 of the rib 220 and the upper surface 214 is, for example, about 100 μm to 10 mm (here, 1 mm). Furthermore, the length L from the center of the passage opening 212a to the center of the passage opening 212b is, for example, 150 mm.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the first separation unit 122 (the bottom surface 212, the top surface 214) is vertically downward (in FIG. 2) from the passage port 212a (raw material liquid supply port) toward the passage port 212b (boiler discharge port). Inclined in the Z-axis direction). Note that the inclination angle of the first separation unit 122 is, for example, about 2.5 degrees.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the passage 214 a (steam discharge port) of the first separation unit 122 constituting the reboiler unit 120 is connected to the second separation unit 152 (passage) of the capacitor unit 150 via the pipe 130 (connection passage). Port 314b). The holding valve 132 is provided in the pipe 130. The pressure holding valve 132 is closed when the pressure in the first separation unit 122 is equal to or lower than the pressure P1. On the other hand, the pressure retaining valve 132 opens when the pressure in the first separation unit 122 exceeds the pressure P1. The pressure P1 is a predetermined pressure that exceeds the atmospheric pressure. That is, the pressure holding valve 132 maintains the pressure in the first separation unit 122 at the pressure P1 (pressurized state). When the pressure in the first separation unit 122 exceeds the pressure P1 and the pressure holding valve 132 is opened, steam is introduced from the first separation unit 122 into the condenser unit 150 (in the second separation unit 152).

  Further, the passage port 212b (the bottom liquid discharge port) of the first separation unit 122 constituting the reboiler unit 120 is connected to the suction side of the bottom gas discharge pump 140 via the pipe 140a. The discharge side of the bottom gas discharge pump 140 is connected to the bottom gas storage container 142 via the pipe 140b. A pressure reducing valve 144 is provided in the pipe 140a. The pressure reducing valve 144 depressurizes and evaporates (gasifies) the bottoms discharged from the passage port 212b.

  The bottom gas discharge pump 140 extracts bottom liquid from the first separation unit 122 via the pressure reducing valve 144. Since the extracted bottom liquid is reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve 144 and vaporized, the bottom gas discharge pump 140 sends the vaporized bottom liquid (outgas) to the bottom gas storage container 142. . Thus, the canned gas extracted from the reboiler unit 120 is stored in the canned gas storage container 142.

  The capacitor unit 150 includes a second separation unit 152 and a cooling unit 154. The second separation unit 152 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel, and steam is introduced into the inside through the pressure holding valve 132. The second separation unit 152 stores the vapor in a pressurized state such that at least a part of the vapor becomes a liquid. The cooling unit 154 includes, for example, an air cooling device, a water cooling device, an oil cooling device, and the like, and cools the second separation unit 152. The cooling unit 154 cools the inside of the second separation unit 152 to the second temperature. The second temperature is a predetermined temperature that exceeds the boiling point of the low boiling point component.

  FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the second separation unit 152. In FIG. 3 of the present embodiment, the X axis (horizontal direction), the Y axis (horizontal direction), and the Z axis (vertical direction) that intersect perpendicularly are defined as illustrated. As shown in FIG. 3, the second separation unit 152 includes a main body 310 (low pressure vessel) and a rib 220. In addition, about the component substantially equal to the said 1st separation unit 122, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The main body 310 is a prismatic hollow member made of a metal material. The main body 310 includes a bottom surface 312, a top surface 314, and a side surface 216. A passage port 314 a that functions as a distillate gas discharge port is formed on one end side of the upper surface 314 of the main body 310. On the other end side of the upper surface 314, a passage port 314b that functions as a steam inlet is formed. That is, the passage port 314a and the passage port 314b are formed on the upper surface 314 so as to be separated from each other.

  Further, a passage port 312 a that functions as a reflux liquid discharge port is formed on the other end side of the bottom surface 312. The passage port 312a is provided to face the passage port 314b.

  In the present embodiment, the second separation unit 152 (the bottom surface 312 and the top surface 314) is inclined vertically downward (Z-axis direction in FIG. 3) from one end side toward the other end side (passage port 312a side) ( The tilt angle is, for example, about 2.5 degrees).

  Returning to FIG. 1, the passage port 312a (reflux liquid discharge port) of the second separation unit 152 constituting the capacitor unit 150 is connected to the suction side of the reflux pump 160 through the pipe 160a. The discharge side of the reflux pump 160 is connected to the passage port 212a (raw material liquid supply port) of the first separation unit 122 via the pipes 160b and 110b. The reflux pump 160 extracts the condensate from the second separation unit 152 and introduces it into the reboiler unit 120 (first separation unit 122).

  Further, the passage port 314a (distillate gas discharge port) of the second separation unit 152 constituting the capacitor unit 150 is connected to the suction side of the distillate gas discharge pump 170 via the pipe 170a. The discharge side of the distillate gas discharge pump 170 is connected to the distillate gas storage container 172 via the pipe 170b. A holding valve 174 is provided in the pipe 170a. The pressure holding valve 174 is closed when the pressure in the second separation unit 152 is equal to or lower than the pressure P2. On the other hand, the pressure holding valve 174 opens when the pressure in the second separation unit 152 exceeds the pressure P2. The pressure P2 is a predetermined pressure that is lower than the pressure P1 (pressure in the first separation unit 122) and higher than atmospheric pressure. That is, the pressure holding valve 174 maintains the pressure in the second separation unit 152 at a predetermined pressure P2 (pressurized state at a lower pressure than the first separation unit 122).

  The distillate gas discharge pump 170 is driven while the pressure holding valve 174 is open. The distillate gas discharge pump 170 sends the distillate gas pushed out from the second separation unit 152 to the distillate gas storage container 172 via the pressure holding valve 174. In this way, the distillate gas pushed out from the capacitor unit 150 is stored in the distillate gas storage container 172.

  Subsequently, the distillation of the raw material gas by the distillation apparatus 100 will be described. First, the source gas is pressurized and liquefied by the source gas supply pump 112 and supplied to the passage port 212 a (source liquid supply port) of the first separation unit 122. As described above, the inside of the first separation unit 122 is maintained in a pressurized state by the pressure holding valve 132, and the first separation unit 122 is inclined vertically downward from the passage port 212a toward the passage port 212b. Therefore, the supplied raw material liquid flows in the first separation unit 122 (between the ribs 220) toward the passage port 212b while maintaining a liquid state.

  The first separation unit 122 is heated to a first temperature (a predetermined temperature that is equal to or higher than the boiling point of the low boiling point component and less than the boiling point of the high boiling point component) by the heating unit 124. For this reason, the raw material liquid is heated in the process of flowing in the first separation unit 122. Thereby, in the 1st separation unit 122, the vapor | steam (gas) which contains many low boiling components from a raw material liquid is produced | generated.

  Then, steam containing a large amount of low-boiling components (hereinafter simply referred to as “steam”) is pushed out of the first separation unit 122 through the passage port 214 a and the pressure-holding valve 132. On the other hand, the liquid from which the vapor has been removed in the first separation unit 122 (liquid that has not evaporated) is drawn out of the first separation unit 122 as a bottom liquid through the passage port 212b by the bottom gas discharge pump 140. As described above, the pressure reducing valve 144 is provided on the pipe connecting the passage port 212b and the bottom gas discharge pump 140. Therefore, the bottoms are reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing valve 144 and vaporized, and the vaporized bottoms (outgas) is extracted by the bottoms gas discharge pump 140.

  The steam pushed out from the first separation unit 122 is introduced into the second separation unit 152 through the pressure holding valve 132 and the passage port 314 b of the second separation unit 152. The second separation unit 152 is cooled to a second temperature (a predetermined temperature exceeding the boiling point of the low boiling point component) by the cooling unit 154. For this reason, the vapor (fluid) is cooled in the process of flowing in the second separation unit 152. Thereby, in the 2nd separation unit 152, the high boiling point component in vapor | steam condenses and a liquid (condensate) is produced | generated.

  Then, the vapor from which the condensate (fluid) has been removed (steam that has not been condensed) is extracted as a distillate out of the second separation unit 152 by the distillate gas discharge pump 170 through the passage port 314a and the pressure holding valve 174. It is.

  Further, as described above, the second separation unit 152 is inclined vertically downward from one end side (passage port 314a side) to the other end side (passage port 312a (refluxing liquid discharge port) side). For this reason, the condensate flows in the second separation unit 152 (between the ribs 220) toward the passage port 312a.

  The condensate (fluid) is extracted from the second separation unit 152 (pass port 312a) by the reflux pump 160 and introduced into the first separation unit 122 (pass port 212a).

  As described above, in the distillation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the reboiler unit 120 (first separation unit 122) and the condenser unit 150 (second separation unit 152) are configured separately. Further, the reboiler unit 120 and the capacitor unit 150 are connected via a pressure holding valve 132. Thereby, the reboiler part 120 and the capacitor | condenser part 150 can be made into a different pressure. Therefore, unlike the prior art in which the reboiler part and the condenser part are communicated without providing the holding valve 132, even if the reboiler part 120 is pressurized to the extent that at least a part of the raw material gas is liquefied, the condenser part 150 The pressure can be made lower than the pressure of the reboiler unit 120. Thereby, compared with a prior art, the energy consumption required for the pressurization of the capacitor | condenser part 150 can be reduced.

  Moreover, since the pressure of the capacitor | condenser part 150 can be made into a low pressure from a prior art, it becomes possible to reduce the energy consumption of the cooling part 154 and to distill raw material gas.

  In the distillation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the reflux pump 160 introduces the condensate in the condenser unit 150 into the reboiler unit 120. Thereby, the distillation efficiency (separation efficiency of a low boiling point component and a high boiling point component) of source gas can be improved.

  Further, in the distillation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the first separation unit 122 and the second separation unit 152 are configured so that the raw material liquid and the condensate flow between the ribs 220. If the width of the flow path through which the liquid flows is large, the difference between the flow speed of the liquid flowing on the end side of the flow path and the flow speed of the liquid flowing on the center side of the flow path becomes large due to the surface tension of the liquid. Therefore, by setting the width between the ribs 220 to 2 mm or less, the difference between the flow speed of the liquid flowing on the end side of the flow path and the flow speed of the liquid flowing on the center side of the flow path can be reduced. It is possible to achieve a uniform flow rate inside.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment was described referring an accompanying drawing, it cannot be overemphasized that this indication is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the scope described in the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present disclosure. Is done.

  For example, in the said embodiment, the distillation apparatus 100 was provided with the pressure-holding valve 174, and demonstrated and demonstrated the structure which maintains the pressure in the 2nd separation unit 152 at the pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure as an example. However, the pressure in the second separation unit 152 may be atmospheric pressure. In this case, the pressure holding valve 174 is not an essential configuration.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the cooling part 154 demonstrated and demonstrated the structure which cools a vapor | steam to the temperature which a high boiling point component condenses. However, the cooling unit 154 may cool the steam to a predetermined temperature that exceeds the temperature at which the high-boiling component condenses. Thereby, the volume of the steam can be reduced, and the power of the reflux pump 160 and the distillate gas discharge pump 170 can be reduced. At this time, the reflux pump 160 returns a part of the vapor (distilled gas) to the first separation unit 122.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the structure which the distillation apparatus 100 is equipped with the reflux pump 160 was mentioned as an example, and was demonstrated. However, the reflux pump 160 is not an essential configuration, and the condensate may not be refluxed to the reboiler unit 120.

  In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the bottom surface 212 of the first separation unit 122 and the bottom surface 312 of the second separation unit 152 are inclined has been described. However, the bottom surfaces 212 and 312 may extend in the horizontal direction.

  In the above embodiment, the dimensional relationship and the inclination angle of the first separation unit 122 and the second separation unit 152 have been described. However, in the first separation unit 122 and the second separation unit 152, the ratio of the low boiling point component and the high boiling point component in the raw material gas (raw material liquid), the target distillation efficiency, the flow rate of the raw material gas introduced by the raw material gas supply pump 112 What is necessary is just to set suitably based on (processing speed).

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the first separation unit 122 and the second separation unit 152 include the ribs 220 has been described as an example. However, a porous body may be placed on the main bodies 210 and 310 instead of the ribs 220. By placing the porous body, the difference between the flow rate of the liquid flowing on the end side of the flow path and the flow rate of the liquid flowing on the central side of the flow path can be reduced, as in the configuration in which the rib 220 is provided. it can.

  In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the passage ports 212 a and 212 b are formed on the bottom surface 212 and the configuration in which the passage port 312 a is formed on the bottom surface 312 have been described as examples. However, one or both of the passage port 212a and the passage port 212b may be formed on the side surface 216. Similarly, the passage port 312a may be formed on the side surface 216.

  The present disclosure can be used in a distillation apparatus that separates a raw material gas containing a low-boiling component and a high-boiling component.

100 distillation apparatus 120 reboiler part 124 heating part 130 piping (connection passage)
132 Holding Pressure Valve 150 Capacitor 154 Cooling Unit 160 Reflux Pump 210 Main Body (Pressurized Vessel)
310 Main body (low pressure vessel)

Claims (4)

A reboiler section having a pressurized container for storing the source gas in a pressurized state, and a heating section for heating the source gas stored in the pressurized container;
A capacitor unit having a low-pressure vessel connected to the reboiler unit via a connection passage and held at a lower pressure than the pressurized vessel;
A pressure holding valve provided in the connection passage;
A distillation apparatus comprising:   The distillation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the condenser unit includes a cooling unit.   The distillation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure of the low-pressure vessel is a pressure equal to or higher than atmospheric pressure.   The distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a reflux pump having a suction side connected to the low-pressure vessel and a discharge side connected to the pressure vessel.

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