JP2018192396A - Method of removing exhaust component, device of removing exhaust component, and method of separating and recovering carbon dioxide, and device of separating and recovering carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method and device of removing exhaust component such as smoke and dust, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, from combustion exhaust; and a method and device of separating and recovering carbon dioxide that employ the method and device of removing exhaust component and therefore reduce the amount of the carbon dioxide absorbent released to outside.SOLUTION: The present invention provides a method and device of removing exhaust component that includes spraying a mist forming liquid into combustion exhaust to form a mist, and bringing the exhaust component included in the combustion exhaust into contact with the mist for collecting and removing. There are also provided a method and device of separating and recovering carbon dioxide.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an exhaust gas component removal method, an exhaust gas component remover, a carbon dioxide separation and recovery method, and a separation and recovery apparatus.

  Conventionally, carbon dioxide capture and storage technology (CCS) has attracted attention as an effective measure against global warming. In particular, for a facility such as a thermal power plant or a steel mill, a method of separating and recovering carbon dioxide by contacting an exhaust gas with an absorbing liquid has been studied. Examples of the absorbing liquid include silicone oil, amine-based solution, and ionic solution. However, the exhaust gas discharged to the outside contains an absorbing solution, and there is concern about the impact on the environment. Therefore, a technique for reducing the amount of the absorbing liquid released to the outside is required.

  In the exhaust gas discharged from the CCS plant, the amine solution used as the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid may exist in a mist state or a gas state. In particular, mist exists in a wide range of particle sizes from nano-order to milli-order, and the discharge amount increases in proportion to the cube of the particle size. As one of the means for reducing the discharge amount of the carbon dioxide absorption liquid mist, there is an exhaust gas cleaning method using a packed tower, but the mist having a small particle size passes through the filler and is discharged to the outside as it is. . Moreover, even if a demister is used, only a mist of about several μm or more can be captured, so if there is a mist having a particle size smaller than that, it may be discharged out of the apparatus.

Japanese Patent No. 4274646 Japanese Patent No. 6045652 Japanese Patent No. 6045654

  As a means for solving this problem, in the embodiment of the present invention, an exhaust gas component remover for capturing exhaust gas components is installed in front of the absorber of the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus. This is because a fine mist is sprayed toward the exhaust gas to forcibly increase the apparent particle size of the fine particles in the exhaust gas such as dust, and this is removed as a mist containing fine particles by a trap. This aims at reducing the amount of solution discharged to the rear stage of the absorber of the carbon dioxide separation and recovery device.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for reducing the amount of absorption liquid released to the outside, a carbon dioxide separation and recovery method, and a separation and recovery apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the exhaust gas component removal method according to the embodiment of the present invention sprays a mist forming liquid into combustion exhaust gas to form mist, and the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas is converted into the exhaust gas. It is characterized by collecting and removing as a contact product between the component and the mist.

And the exhaust gas component remover according to the embodiment of the present invention,
A container having a contact space between exhaust gas components and mist inside;
A spraying device for spraying a mist forming liquid into the contact space to form a mist;
A collection device for collecting a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An inlet for introducing combustion exhaust gas containing the exhaust gas component into the contact space;
And a lead-out port through which the combustion exhaust gas from which at least a part of the exhaust gas component is removed is led out from the contact space.

And the carbon dioxide separation and recovery method according to the embodiment of the present invention,
Spraying a mist-forming liquid into the combustion exhaust gas to form a mist, and collecting and removing the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas as a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An absorption process for absorbing and removing carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas by bringing the combustion exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide that has undergone the collection and removal process into contact with a carbon dioxide absorbent containing an amine compound;
Separating carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide, and regenerating the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid.
The carbon dioxide absorbing liquid regenerated in the regeneration process is configured to be reusable in the absorption process.

And the carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention,
An exhaust gas component remover;
An absorber that absorbs and removes carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas by contacting a combustion exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide with a carbon dioxide absorbent containing an amine compound;
Separating carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide, and comprising a regenerator for regenerating the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid,
A carbon dioxide separation and recovery device configured to be reusable in the absorption step, the carbon dioxide absorption liquid regenerated in the regeneration step,
The exhaust gas component remover comprises:
A container having a contact space between exhaust gas components and mist inside;
A spraying device for spraying a mist forming liquid into the contact space to form a mist;
A collection device for collecting a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An inlet for introducing combustion exhaust gas containing the exhaust gas component into the contact space;
A discharge port for deriving the combustion exhaust gas from which at least a part of the exhaust gas component has been removed from the contact space, and being disposed in a supply path of the combustion exhaust gas to the absorber. And

  Such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, as a preferred aspect, one in which the mist forming liquid is obtained from a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid supplied to the absorber. .

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred aspect, after the mist forming liquid is led out from the absorber, it is introduced into the gas-liquid separator and separated there as a liquid. Which are liquids.

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred aspect, the mist forming liquid is led out from the absorber and then introduced into a solution washer where it is washed and separated as a liquid. Including what is.

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred aspect, after the mist forming liquid is led out from the regenerator, it is introduced into the gas-liquid separator where it is separated as a liquid. Including what is.

  In the exhaust gas component removal method and the exhaust gas component remover according to the embodiment of the present invention, a mist-rich state can be easily and reliably created in the remover. Therefore, the number of times of contact between the mist and the exhaust gas component and the number of times of contact between the mists are large, and the particle size of the mist can be enlarged. Therefore, according to the exhaust gas component removal method and the exhaust gas component removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas can be efficiently removed.

  When the exhaust gas component remover according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device, a carbon dioxide absorption liquid is used as a mist forming liquid used for separation and recovery of the exhaust gas component. The solution after being used for collecting and removing the exhaust gas component can also be reused in the same carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus. Therefore, the collection and removal of exhaust gas components can be performed simultaneously and easily at low cost with the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide, without requiring a special device for preparing a mist forming liquid or waste liquid treatment. .

  In the carbon dioxide separation and recovery method and the carbon dioxide separation apparatus according to the embodiment, exhaust gas components are collected and removed from the combustion exhaust gas, and therefore, introduction of exhaust gas components such as dust into the carbon dioxide absorber is suppressed. Therefore, it is controlled that the carbon dioxide absorption liquid is mixed as mist in the gas discharged from the absorber. From this, it is prevented that the carbon dioxide absorption liquid and components (for example, amine compounds) contained therein are diffused outside the apparatus.

Schematic configuration diagram showing the basic configuration of an exhaust gas component removal method and exhaust gas component remover according to an embodiment Schematic configuration diagram of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to a first embodiment to which an exhaust gas component removal method and an exhaust gas component remover according to an embodiment are applied Schematic configuration diagram of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to a second embodiment to which an exhaust gas component removal method and an exhaust gas component remover according to an embodiment are applied Schematic configuration diagram of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to a third embodiment to which an exhaust gas component removal method and a soot component remover according to an embodiment are applied. Carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to a third embodiment Schematic configuration diagram Schematic configuration diagram of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to a fourth embodiment to which an exhaust gas component removal method and an exhaust gas component remover according to an embodiment are applied

[Exhaust gas component removal method]
An exhaust gas component removal method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes forming a mist by spraying a mist forming liquid into combustion exhaust gas, and contacting the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas with the exhaust gas component and the mist. It is characterized by collecting and removing as. Here, the “exhaust gas component” refers to various components or substances generated during the combustion process of fuel, and examples thereof include dust, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide and the like.

  In such a method for removing exhaust gas components according to the embodiment of the present invention, as a preferable aspect, the contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist is a particle formed by combining the exhaust gas component and the plurality of mists sprayed in the combustion exhaust gas. It is an enlarged mist having an increased diameter.

  In the present specification, the mist immediately after being formed by spraying the mist forming liquid is referred to as “primary mist”, and is a combination of the exhaust gas component and the plurality of mists (primary mist) sprayed in the combustion exhaust gas. The enlarged mist having an increased particle size is sometimes referred to as “secondary mist”. The primary mist preferably has an average particle size of 0.01 to 1 μm, particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.1 μm, and the secondary mist (enlarged mist) preferably has an average particle size of 10 to 10. 100 μm, particularly preferably 20 to 50 μm. When the average particle diameter of the secondary mist is less than 10 μm, it is not preferable because the mist removal rate in the remover is greatly reduced. Here, the average particle diameter is a geometric particle diameter obtained by geometrically calculating the projected area or volume and converting it into particles having a regular shape such as a sphere.

  Such a method for removing an exhaust gas component according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, as a preferable aspect, one in which the mist forming liquid is water or a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid obtained from a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device. To do. Here, as a preferable specific example of the “carbon dioxide absorbing liquid”, for example, a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid containing an amine compound can be mentioned.

  In such a method for removing exhaust gas components according to the embodiment of the present invention, as a preferable aspect, a mist is formed by spraying a mist forming liquid at a temperature of 0 to 60 ° C., particularly preferably 20 to 40 ° C., into combustion exhaust gas. . When the temperature of the mist forming liquid at the time of spraying is higher than 60 ° C., the formed mist tends to volatilize, and the efficiency of mist enlargement may be reduced, or the exhaust gas component removal efficiency may be reduced. .

  In general, combustion exhaust gas (for example, combustion exhaust gas discharged from a thermal power plant or ironworks) contains exhaust gas components such as dust, sulfur oxide, and nitrogen oxide. According to the exhaust gas component removal method according to the embodiment, at least one or more of the exhaust gas components can be effectively removed.

[Exhaust gas component remover]
FIG. 1 shows an outline of an exhaust gas component remover particularly suitable for carrying out the exhaust gas component removal method according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention.

The exhaust gas component remover 100 shown in FIG.
A container 101 having therein a contact space 103 between the exhaust gas component and the mist 102;
A spraying device 105 for spraying a mist forming liquid 104 to the contact space 103 to form a mist 102;
A collecting device 106 for collecting a contact product between the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An inlet 107 for introducing the combustion exhaust gas 3 containing the exhaust gas component into the contact space 103;
From the contact space 103, a discharge port 108 for deriving the combustion exhaust gas 3 ′ from which at least a part of the exhaust gas component has been removed is provided.

  In the exhaust gas component remover 100, for example, the combustion exhaust gas 3 containing exhaust gas components such as dust, sulfur oxide, and nitrogen oxide is introduced into the contact space 103 inside the container 101 through the inlet 107, The mist forming liquid 104 is sprayed by the spray device 105 in the contact space 103, and the mist 102 (primary mist) is formed. In the contact space 103, the exhaust gas component and the mist 102 (primary mist) are in contact with each other, and a plurality of mists (primary mist 102) are combined to form an enlarged mist 102 '(secondary mist) having an increased particle size. These enlarged mists 102 ′ (secondary mist) and mists 102 (primary mists) that have not yet become enlarged mists are captured and liquefied by the collection device 106 and are present in these mists. The exhaust gas component is also captured / separated by the collection device 106.

  The mist liquefied material and exhaust gas component captured / separated by the collection device 106 flow down and move to the bottom of the container 101. When the amount is large, it is stored in the container 101. By continuously or intermittently taking out this stored substance from the container 101, the exhaust gas component remover is stably operated over a long period of time. be able to.

  The liquid containing the exhaust gas component taken out from the container 101 is clarified by, for example, the filter 109 as necessary, and then reused as the mist forming liquid 104 or other apparatus (preferably, carbon dioxide separation). (Recovery device) and the like. Further, it can be discarded without passing through the filter 109. The gas after all or part of the exhaust gas components are captured and removed by the collection device 106 is discharged to the outside of the remover 100 through the outlet 108.

  When flue gas 3 discharged from, for example, a thermal power plant or a steel mill is introduced into the exhaust gas component remover 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas is discharged from the remover 100 to the outside through the outlet 107. The gas usually contains carbon dioxide. For the purpose of recovering the carbon dioxide, the gas 3 'discharged from the remover 100 can be introduced into a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device.

  The outer shape of the container 101 and the inner shape of the contact space 103 are arbitrary, and can be determined as appropriate in consideration of, for example, the mechanical strength, durability, ease of manufacture, ease of installation, and the like of the container. Preferable examples include a cylindrical container having a circular or elliptical cross section. Such containers generally have less gas retention and uneven gas flow, so there are opportunities for contact between exhaust gas components and mist 102 (primary mist), exhaust gas components and mist 102 (primary mist), and mist 102 (primary mist). ) Since the contact opportunity between each other is sufficient, the mist 102 '(secondary mist) can be obtained efficiently.

  One or a plurality of sprayers 105 for forming mist can be provided in a single container 101. In order to efficiently obtain the mist 102 ′ (secondary mist), it is preferable to arrange a plurality of sprayers 105 continuously along the flow direction of the exhaust gas flowing inside the container 101. When a plurality of sprayers 105 are used, the mist 102 (primary mist) formed by each sprayer 105 may be the same or different with respect to its particle size, mist formation amount, and temperature. Moreover, the same kind of mist forming liquid 104 can be supplied to each sprayer 105, or different types of mist forming liquid 104 can be supplied.

  Preferable sprayers include, for example, a one-fluid sprayer that forms mist only by liquid pressure, a two-fluid sprayer that forms mist by mixing liquid and gas with liquid pressure and air pressure, and a supersonic wave sprayer that uses ultrasonic waves. Can be mentioned. Among these, a one-fluid sprayer is preferable.

  Preferable specific examples of the collection device 106 include, for example, a demister, a mist separator, a mist eliminator, and the like. Among these, a demister is particularly preferable. The material, thickness, opening diameter, density, and the like of the demister can be appropriately determined according to, for example, the specific type and amount of the exhaust gas component, the amount of exhaust gas flowing, the flow velocity, the pressure, the amount of mist, and the like. Further, one collection device 106 can be provided inside the container 101, and a plurality of collection devices 106 of the same type or different types can be arranged in the same container 101.

  At least one inlet 107 and one outlet 108 can be provided so that the exhaust gas can flow through the container 101. A plurality of containers can be provided in each container 101. For example, after preparing a Y-shaped container 101 and providing inlets 107 at two protruding ends of the container and spraying mist 102 (primary mist) on combustion exhaust gas introduced from the inlets 107, respectively. If these are merged while further spraying the mist 102 inside the Y-shaped container 101, the mist 102 ′ (secondary mist) may be obtained more efficiently.

[Method for separating and recovering carbon dioxide]
A method for separating and recovering carbon dioxide according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
A step (A) of spraying a mist forming liquid into combustion exhaust gas to form mist, and collecting and removing the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas as a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An absorption step (B) for absorbing and removing carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas by contacting the combustion exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide that has undergone the collection and removal step (A) with a carbon dioxide absorbent;
Separating carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide, and regenerating the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid (C),
The carbon dioxide absorbent regenerated in the regeneration step (C) is configured to be reusable in the absorption step (B).

  Here, the collection removal step (A) is the same as the exhaust gas component removal method according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. Therefore, in the carbon dioxide separation and recovery method according to the embodiment of the present invention, the “absorption step (B)” and the “regeneration step (C)” are added with the “collection removal step (A)”. This can be regarded as a carbon dioxide separation and recovery method in which carbon dioxide in the gas that has undergone the removal step (A) (that is, the gas from which the exhaust gas component has been removed) is absorbed and removed in the absorption step (B).

  Here, the method for separating and recovering carbon dioxide according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the method including only the above steps (A) to (C), and includes the above steps (A) to (C). In addition, a carbon dioxide separation and recovery method comprising other steps is also included.

As particularly preferred specific examples of such other steps, for example, “absorbed gas-liquid” described in detail in << second embodiment >> of FIGS. A gas-liquid separation step performed on the gas 4 discharged from the absorber 1, which can be performed in the separator 20 ",
As another preferred specific example, the exhaust gas can be discharged from the absorber 1 which can be performed by the “solution cleaning machine 24” described in detail in FIG. 4 and << third embodiment >> of [carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus]. Gas-liquid separation step performed on the gas 4 that has been performed,
Other preferable specific examples include “regeneration” described in detail in FIGS. 2 to 3, 5, and << first embodiment >> and << fourth embodiment >> of [carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus]. A gas-liquid separation step that can be performed by the gas-liquid separator 13 ”can be mentioned.

[Separation and recovery equipment for carbon dioxide]
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The carbon dioxide separation and recovery device shown in FIG.
An exhaust gas component remover 100;
An absorber 1 for bringing carbon dioxide-containing combustion exhaust gas 3 into contact with a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid to absorb and remove carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas;
Comprising a regenerator 9 for separating carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide and regenerating the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid,
A carbon dioxide separation and recovery device configured so that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid regenerated by the regenerator 9 can be reused by the absorber 1;
The exhaust gas component remover 100 includes:
A container 101 having therein a contact space 103 between the exhaust gas component and the mist 102;
A spraying device 105 for spraying a mist forming liquid 104 to the contact space 103 to form a mist 102;
A collecting device 106 for collecting a contact product between the exhaust gas component and the mist 102;
An inlet 107 for introducing combustion exhaust gas containing the exhaust gas component into the contact space 103;
From the contact space 103, a discharge port 108 for deriving combustion exhaust gas from which at least a part of the exhaust gas component has been removed is provided. The remover 100 is installed in a combustion exhaust gas supply path to the absorber 1.

  Here, the remover 100 is the same as the exhaust gas component remover 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. Therefore, the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention adds the “remover” to the “absorber” and the “regenerator”, and the gas (that is, the exhaust gas component) passed through the remover is removed. Can be regarded as a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device that supplies the gas to the absorber.

  One absorber 1 can be connected to one or more exhaust gas component removers 100. When multiple removers 100 are connected, they can be connected in parallel or in series.

<Specific example of carbon dioxide separation and recovery device>
The carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is, for example, in addition to the remover 100, the absorber 1 and the regenerator 9, which are essential components, for example, prevention of dispersion of carbon dioxide absorption liquid and carbon dioxide separation and recovery. For example, various devices or configurations shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 can be provided as necessary. Here, as the exhaust gas component remover 100 in the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the exhaust gas component remover 100 described above and shown in FIG. 1 can be used.

<< first embodiment >>
In the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the mist forming liquid 104 supplied to the spray device 105 of the remover 100 is supplied to the absorber 1 as shown in FIG. It is obtained from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 5.

Details will be described below.
For example, exhaust gas components containing exhaust gas components such as dust, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and carbon dioxide discharged from a thermal power plant or a steelworks, etc., and the exhaust gas components are removed in the exhaust gas component remover 100. After being removed, it is introduced into the lower part of the absorber 1, while from the upper part of the absorber 1, a CO ₂ lean absorbing liquid (that is, carbon dioxide with a low amount of absorbed carbon dioxide and high carbon dioxide absorption capacity). Absorbing liquid) 5 is introduced. Introduced into the absorber 1 the flue gas 3 'and a CO ₂ lean absorbing solution 5, by gas-liquid contact with the carbon dioxide absorbing unit 2 provided with a filler, wherein the combustion exhaust gas 3' carbon dioxide contained in Is absorbed by the CO ₂ lean absorbent 5.

After the gas-liquid contact, the combustion exhaust gas 3 ′ flows to the upper stage of the absorber 1, while the CO ₂ lean absorbent 5 flows to the lower stage of the absorber 1 while absorbing carbon dioxide.

The CO ₂ rich absorption liquid (that is, the carbon dioxide absorption liquid that has been subjected to the carbon dioxide absorption treatment and absorbed a large amount of carbon dioxide) 6 accumulated in the lower part of the absorber 1 is regenerated by the absorption rich liquid transfer pump 7. It is sent to the heat exchanger 8, where it is heat-exchanged with the high temperature CO ₂ lean absorbent 5 sent from the regenerator 9, and then introduced into the upper part of the regenerator 9. It falls to the lower part while releasing carbon, and is gradually converted to the CO ₂ lean absorbent 5. The CO ₂ lean absorbing liquid 5 accumulated in the lower part of the regenerator 9 is sent to the regenerator reboiler 11 and heated to become steam, and is introduced into the lower part of the regenerator 9.

The absorption rich absorption liquid 6 introduced into the regenerator 9 and the vapor of the CO ₂ lean absorption liquid 5 are subjected to gas-liquid contact / heat exchange in the carbon dioxide discharge section 10 equipped with a filler, thereby absorbing the absorption rich liquid. The carbon dioxide contained in 6 is released, and the gas containing the released carbon dioxide flows to the upper stage of the regenerator 9, while the CO ₂ lean absorbent 5 that has released the carbon dioxide flows to the lower stage.

  The gas flowing out from the upper part of the regenerator 9 is cooled by the regeneration condensate cooler 15 and separated into the carbon dioxide gas 14 and the regeneration condensate 22 by the regeneration gas-liquid separator 13.

On the other hand, the CO ₂ lean absorbent 5 taken out from the lower part of the regenerator 9 flows through the regenerative heat exchanger 8 and is cooled to a predetermined temperature by the lean liquid cooler 16 and then sent to the upper part of the absorber 1. Thus, the absorber 1 can be reused for absorption of carbon dioxide.

In the first embodiment, the mist forming liquid 104 supplied to the spray device 105 of the remover 100 is obtained from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 5 supplied to the absorber 1. That is, a part of the CO ₂ lean absorbent 5 before being introduced into the absorber 1 is used as the mist forming liquid 104 sprayed in the remover 100. Since the CO ₂ lean absorbing liquid 5 before being introduced into the absorber 1 is cooled by, for example, the regenerative heat exchanger 8 and the lean liquid cooler 16, the mist generally sprayed on the remover 100 is used. It is preferable because the temperature is often appropriate for the forming liquid 104 (that is, 0 to 60 ° C.).

In the first embodiment, the amount of the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 5 supplied to the absorber 1 is reduced by the amount used as the mist forming liquid 104. However, since the mist forming liquid 104 is a low-temperature CO ₂ lean absorbing liquid like the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 5, carbon dioxide may be absorbed from the combustion exhaust gas even in the remover 100. In such a case, even if the amount of the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 5 supplied to the absorber 1 is reduced by the mist forming liquid 104 minutes, the amount of carbon dioxide introduced into the absorber 1 is set in advance so as to compensate for it. Since it is reduced in the remover 100, the gas 4 discharged from the upper part of the absorber 1 is still the one in which carbon dioxide is properly removed.

  The liquid containing the exhaust gas component taken out from the remover 100 can be combined with the absorption rich liquid 6 flowing out from the absorber 1 after removing solid particulates, for example, by the filter 109, if necessary, and It can be reused as the carbon dioxide absorbing solution 5 for separating and recovering carbon dioxide.

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus of the first embodiment, exhaust gas components are collected and removed from the combustion exhaust gas in the remover 100, and therefore introduction of exhaust gas components into the absorber 1 is prevented. Therefore, it is controlled that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is mixed as mist in the carbon dioxide removal gas discharged from the upper part of the absorber 1. This prevents the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid and components contained therein (for example, amine compounds) from being released to the outside of the apparatus.

  The mist forming liquid used for separation and recovery of exhaust gas components can be easily obtained from a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device, and the liquid after being used for collection and removal of exhaust gas components is also used. It can be reused in the same carbon dioxide separation and recovery device. Therefore, the collection and removal of the exhaust gas component can be simultaneously and easily performed with the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide without requiring a special apparatus for preparing the mist forming liquid or waste liquid treatment.

<< Second Embodiment >>
FIG. 3 shows an outline of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the second embodiment.
The carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to the second embodiment is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 20 after being derived from the absorber 1 as the mist forming liquid 104 supplied to the spray device 105 of the remover 100. Therefore, the liquid 21 separated as a liquid is used.

  The gas 4 discharged from the uppermost part of the absorber 1 includes an exhaust gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed and a mist-like aqueous solution of several microns or less that has passed through the absorber demister. For this reason, the exhaust gas is sufficiently cooled by the absorption condensate cooler 19 and then separated into the moisture-removed exhaust gas 23 and the absorption condensate 21 by the absorption gas-liquid separator 20.

  In the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the second embodiment, the absorption condensate 21 is used as the mist forming liquid 104. At this time, when the amount of the absorption condensate 21 generated in the absorption gas-liquid separator 20 is larger than the required amount of the mist forming liquid 104, the surplus can be introduced into the absorber 1.

  It should be noted that the remover 100 and the carbon dioxide separation / recovery device similar to those of the first embodiment, except that the absorption condensate 21 is used as the mist forming liquid 104, can also be employed in the second embodiment.

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus of the first embodiment, exhaust gas components are collected and removed from the combustion exhaust gas in the remover 100, and therefore introduction of exhaust gas components into the absorber 1 is prevented. Therefore, it is controlled that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is mixed as mist in the carbon dioxide removal gas discharged from the upper part of the absorber 1. This prevents the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid and components contained therein (for example, amine compounds) from being released to the outside of the apparatus.

  The mist forming liquid used for separation and recovery of exhaust gas components can be easily obtained from a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device, and the liquid after being used for collection and removal of exhaust gas components is also used. It can be reused in the same carbon dioxide separation and recovery device. Therefore, the collection and removal of the exhaust gas component can be simultaneously and easily performed with the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide without requiring a special apparatus for preparing the mist forming liquid or waste liquid treatment.

<< Third embodiment >>
FIG. 4 shows an outline of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the third embodiment.
The carbon dioxide separation and recovery device according to the third embodiment is introduced from the absorber 1 as the mist forming liquid 104 supplied to the spray device 105 of the remover 100 and then introduced into the solution washer 24. Therefore, the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 26 which has been washed and separated as a liquid is used.

  The gas 4 derived from the upper part of the absorber 1 includes a gas from which carbon dioxide has been removed and a mist solution of several microns or less that has passed through the absorber demister.

  For this reason, the amount of mist of several microns can be further reduced by flowing the gas containing the mist to the solution cleaner 24. In the solution washer 24, water is used as the solution washer 25, and this is introduced into the upper part of the solution washer 24. Inside the solution washer 24, the gas 4 led out from the upper part of the absorber 1 and the gas By cleaning the mist contained therein, the cleaning of the gas 4 and the mist are recovered. In general, external pure water is used as the solution cleaning liquid 25. The pure water 25 ′ can be used as a part of the mist forming liquid 104 supplied to the spray device 105 of the remover 100.

  In the solution washer 24, the washed carbon dioxide absorbing liquid 26 taken out from the lower part is introduced into the upper part of the solution washer 24 through the washing liquid transfer pump 27 and the washing liquid heat exchanger 28 and circulated, and after washing. When the solution concentration in the solution 26 becomes high, the operation method of returning to the absorption lean solution buffer tank 17 and reusing is normal, but in the third embodiment, by reusing as the mist forming liquid 104, This makes it possible to reduce the amount of waste water from the equipment.

  In the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the third embodiment, the washed solution 26 obtained from the solution washer 24 is used as the mist forming liquid 104.

  It should be noted that the remover 100 and the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus similar to those in the first embodiment can be employed in the third embodiment except that the washed solution 26 is used as the mist forming liquid 104. .

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus of the third embodiment, the exhaust gas component is collected and removed from the combustion exhaust gas in the remover 100, and therefore introduction of the exhaust gas component into the absorber 1 is prevented. Therefore, it is controlled that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is mixed as mist in the carbon dioxide removal gas discharged from the upper part of the absorber 1. This prevents the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid and components contained therein (for example, amine compounds) from being released to the outside of the apparatus.

  The mist forming liquid used for separation and recovery of exhaust gas components can be easily obtained from a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device, and the liquid after being used for collection and removal of exhaust gas components is also used. It can be reused in the same carbon dioxide separation and recovery device. Therefore, the collection and removal of the exhaust gas component can be simultaneously and easily performed with the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide without requiring a special apparatus for preparing the mist forming liquid or waste liquid treatment.

<< Fourth embodiment >>
FIG. 5 shows an outline of a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
The carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is introduced into the gas-liquid separator 13 after being derived from the regenerator 9 as the mist forming liquid 104 supplied to the remover 100. Therefore, the solution 22 separated as a liquid is used.

  The carbon dioxide gas discharged from the upper part of the regenerator 9 includes carbon dioxide gas and solution water vapor. For this reason, the carbon dioxide gas is sufficiently cooled by the regeneration condensate cooler 15 and then separated into the carbon dioxide gas 14 and the regeneration condensate 22 by the regeneration gas-liquid separator 13.

  In the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the regenerated condensate 22 is used as the mist forming liquid 104. When the amount of the regenerated condensate 22 generated in the regenerated gas-liquid separator 13 is larger than the required amount of the mist forming liquid 104, the surplus can be introduced into the regenerator 9.

  In addition, except using the absorption condensate 22 as the mist forming liquid 104, the remover 100 and the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus similar to those in the first embodiment can also be employed in the fourth embodiment.

  In such a carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus of the fourth embodiment, exhaust gas components are collected and removed from the combustion exhaust gas in the remover 100, and therefore introduction of exhaust gas components to the absorber 1 is prevented. Therefore, it is controlled that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is mixed as mist in the carbon dioxide removal gas discharged from the upper part of the absorber 1. This prevents the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid and components contained therein (for example, amine compounds) from being released to the outside of the apparatus.

  The mist forming liquid used for separation and recovery of exhaust gas components can be easily obtained from a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device, and the liquid after being used for collection and removal of exhaust gas components is also used. It can be reused in the same carbon dioxide separation and recovery device. Therefore, the collection and removal of the exhaust gas component can be simultaneously and easily performed with the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide without requiring a special apparatus for preparing the mist forming liquid or waste liquid treatment.

  As mentioned above, although some embodiment of this invention was described, these embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, changes, additions, and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

1 ... absorber, 2 ... carbon dioxide absorption section, 3 ... combustion exhaust gas, 4 ... carbon dioxide flue gas, 5 ... CO ₂ lean absorbing solution, 6 ... absorbent rich solution, 7 ... absorbent-rich fluid pump, 8 ... reproduction Heat exchanger, 9 ... regenerator, 10 ... carbon dioxide discharge section, 11 ... regenerator reboiler, 12 ... regenerated condensate pump, 13 ... regenerated gas-liquid separator, 14 ... carbon dioxide gas, 15 ... regenerated condensate cooler , 16 ... CO ₂ lean absorption liquid cooler, 17 ... CO ₂ lean absorption liquid buffer tank, 18 ... CO ₂ lean absorption liquid transfer pump, 19 ... Absorption condensate liquid cooler, 20 ... Absorption gas-liquid separator, 21 ... Absorption Condensate, 22 ... Regenerated condensate, 23 ... Water removal exhaust gas, 24 ... Solution washer, 25 ... Solution washer, 26 ... Solution after washing, 27 ... Washing liquid transfer pump, 28 ... Washing liquid heat exchanger, 29 ... Moisture removal Exhaust gas, 30 ... Solution cleaning section , 100 ... remover, 101 ... container, 102 ... primary mist, 102 '... secondary mist, 103 ... contact space, 104 ... mist forming liquid, 105 ... spraying device, 106 ... collection device, 107 ... inlet, 108 ... outlet, 109 ... filter

Claims (10)

  An exhaust gas component characterized by spraying a mist forming liquid into combustion exhaust gas to form a mist, and collecting and removing the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas as a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist. Removal method.   The exhaust gas component removal method according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas component is at least one of dust, sulfur oxide, and nitrogen oxide.   The contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist is an enlarged mist having an increased particle size due to a combination of the exhaust gas component and a plurality of the mists sprayed in the combustion exhaust gas. The method for removing exhaust gas components according to claim 1.   The method for removing exhaust gas components according to claim 3, wherein the enlarged mist has an average particle diameter of 10 to 100 μm.   The exhaust gas component removal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mist-forming liquid is water or a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid containing an amine compound obtained from a carbon dioxide separation and recovery device. Method.   The method for removing an exhaust gas component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mist is formed by spraying the mist forming liquid having a temperature of 0 to 60 ° C in the combustion exhaust gas. A container having a contact space between exhaust gas components and mist inside;
A spraying device for spraying a mist forming liquid into the contact space to form a mist;
A collection device for collecting a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An inlet for introducing combustion exhaust gas containing the exhaust gas component into the contact space;
An exhaust gas component remover comprising an outlet for deriving combustion exhaust gas from which at least part of the exhaust gas component has been removed from the contact space. Spraying a mist-forming liquid into the combustion exhaust gas to form a mist, and collecting and removing the exhaust gas component contained in the combustion exhaust gas as a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An absorption process for absorbing and removing carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas by bringing the combustion exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide that has undergone the collection and removal process into contact with a carbon dioxide absorbing solution;
Separating carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide, and regenerating the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid.
A method for separating and recovering carbon dioxide, characterized in that the carbon dioxide-absorbing liquid regenerated in the regeneration step can be reused in the absorption step. An exhaust gas component remover;
An absorber that absorbs and removes carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gas by contacting a combustion exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide with a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid;
Separating carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid that has absorbed carbon dioxide, and comprising a regenerator for regenerating the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid,
A carbon dioxide separation and recovery device configured so that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid regenerated by the regenerator can be reused by the absorber,
The exhaust gas component remover comprises:
A container having a contact space between exhaust gas components and mist inside;
A spraying device for spraying a mist forming liquid into the contact space to form a mist;
A collection device for collecting a contact product of the exhaust gas component and the mist;
An inlet for introducing combustion exhaust gas containing the exhaust gas component into the contact space;
A discharge port for deriving the combustion exhaust gas from which at least a part of the exhaust gas component has been removed from the contact space, and being disposed in a supply path of the combustion exhaust gas to the absorber A carbon dioxide separation and recovery device.   The carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the mist forming liquid is water or a carbon dioxide absorption liquid obtained from the carbon dioxide separation and recovery apparatus.

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