JP2018191564A - Supply method of paper cylinder seedling to transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a supply method of paper cylinder seedlings to a transplanter capable of improving planting efficiency even in the case of supply of only one seedling row, concerning the transplanter using aligned seedlings such as paper cylinder seedlings connected separably into each individual seedling.SOLUTION: In a transplanter including a seedling-seedling receiving conveyor 11 for receiving and conveying row-shaped seedlings P in an inverted state, for delivering the seedlings to a separation unit 30 so as to be separated into each individual seedling, and then supplying the seedlings to a planting device, a subsequent row-shaped seedlings P are supplied on top of preceding row-shaped seedlings P conveyed on a conveyance surface of the seedling-seedling receiving conveyor 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention accepts, conveys, and separates row-like seedlings in a transplanting machine that uses aligned seedlings such as paper tube seedlings by a paper tube seedling container that is separably connected to individual seedlings in transplanting cultivation in farm work. The present invention relates to a method for supplying paper tube seedlings to a transplanting machine which is transferred to an apparatus, separated into individual seedlings, transferred to a planting apparatus and planted in a main field.

  Conventionally, seedling containers are made with hexagonal column-shaped paper cylinders that are open at the top and bottom, many are assembled in a honeycomb shape, glued with water-soluble glue, stuffed with soil, seeded and nurtured, and individual seedlings at the right time They are separated and transplanted to the main field.

  For the transplanting work, for example, a transplanting machine as shown in Japanese Patent No. 3541024 is used. In this transplanter, seedlings are supplied to the conveyor-shaped seedling receiving part in a form separated from the gathered seedlings in a horizontal row, separated into individual seedlings from the seedling receiving part and delivered to the seedling planting apparatus. One is transplanted to the main field one by one. In general supply devices that supply seedlings to such planting devices, separation devices that separate individual seedlings in the process of transporting seedlings, seedling selection devices that remove defective seedlings, and align once between the lines Equipped with an accumulation device etc., the operator separates it as a row of seedlings with a seedling separator, and an efficient transplanting operation can be performed simply by supplying the next row of seedlings so as to follow the end of the preceding row of seedlings It is possible. Here, the reason for supplying the next row of seedlings so as to follow the end of the preceding row of seedlings is that if the seedlings are supplied in layers, the seedlings are clogged during transportation.

  If the conveying speed of the seedlings is constant in the above-described series of devices, the interval at which the seedlings are conveyed changes due to the removal of defective seedlings, etc., so that the intervals at which the seedlings are supplied are not uniform, and the strains are not constant. Therefore, the amount of seedling accumulated is detected, the conveyance speed is increased / decreased, a certain amount of seedling is accumulated in the accumulating device and held, and the stock is transferred to the planting device linked to the planting speed at regular intervals. Evenly.

  As an example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-62365 discloses a seedling row in which healthy seedlings are closely attached to an accumulation belt by means of controlling the electromagnetic clutch and increasing or decreasing the transport speed of irregularly spaced healthy seedlings conveyed to a fast-forward belt. A seedling sorting and feeding apparatus for aligning as shown in FIG. This is because healthy seedlings transferred to the fast-forward belt are transferred under the light sensor with irregular intervals due to the removal of the missing seedlings, and the light sensor detects the presence or absence of the paper tube, and the signal And the electromagnetic clutch controlled by the signal from the proximity switch closes and closes to the integrated belt by repeating fast-forwarding, which is the speed-up state of the fast-forwarding belt and its previous conveying unit, and slow-feeding, which is the deceleration state. Only healthy seedlings are accumulated as seedling rows.

  Even if a few defective seedlings are continuously accumulated by the speed increasing / decreasing means using the electromagnetic clutch, the supply to the planting apparatus is not interrupted, and the transplanting speed does not need to be lowered.

  On the other hand, in order to supply seedlings separated in a row to the transplanter, an operator uses a manual seedling separator as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-10746. This seedling separator is placed in contact with the front of the paper tube assembly seedling, and the arcuate needle is rotated on the upper side of the board to pierce the seedlings in the forefront row and pull it between the board This separates the seedlings in the front row from the next row at once. Then, when the seedlings are inverted on the conveyor serving as the seedling supply part of the transplanter and the needle bodies are pulled out, the seedlings can be supplied in a row. Separation work is easy with this seedling separator, but for example, in beet transplantation, this operation must be repeated thousands of times a day. In addition, in order to secure the growing period of crops, the optimal time for transplanting is short, and seedling supply work is very busy because it is desirable to transplant at the fastest possible rate.

  Therefore, if two rows of seedlings are supplied, double the number of seedlings can be supplied, and the number of operations can be reduced to half. Based on this idea, an apparatus capable of supplying double row seedlings has been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent No. 3220947, the row seedlings that are superposed in two rows are transported horizontally in two stages and separated into each paper tube seedling twice, and the separated paper tube seedlings are used for planters. There has been proposed a seedling supply method and apparatus in a transplanting machine that supplies them.

  In this invention, since the double number of paper tube seedlings can be mounted, the traveling speed of the transplanter can be at least doubled, and the transplantation efficiency can be improved.

  On the other hand, as described above, the aligned seedlings at the time of transplantation are weakly connected, and the seedlings may be separated by their own weight when separated into two rows, and a plurality of seedlings may be lost in a row. If supplied in one row, the amount of seedlings supplied will be halved, and the transplanting speed cannot be increased.

  In the receiving conveyor that inverts the two rows of seedlings up and down in two stages, the seedlings are added to the missing parts during the work where the seedlings are continuously conveyed, It is difficult to remove the seedlings once and remove them. Supplying double-row seedlings has the advantage that a large amount of seedlings can be supplied at once, but there is a disadvantage that cannot be compensated if seedlings are lost.

  The supply amount of seedlings may be supplemented by conventional speed increasing / decreasing means. However, if a sensor is provided near the accumulation portion as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-62365 and Japanese Patent No. 3220947, it will increase after detection. Even if it is fast, it is close to the planting device, so it will be out of stock.

  Therefore, as Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-028567, a seedling defect sensor that detects the presence or absence of an upper seedling is provided at a position facing the conveying surface of the seedling receiving conveyor, and when a seedling defect sensor detects a defect in the upper seedling, We have proposed a two-row seedling supply device that increases the transport speed of the receiving conveyor.

  As a result, even if the seedlings that have been lost and formed in a row are supplied, it is possible to prevent the missing strain without reducing the transplantation speed.

  In addition, as Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-244004 as a seedling separator for two-row seedlings, an abutting plate is brought into contact with the side surface of an aggregated seedling such as a paper tube seedling, and is rotated from above the pressing plate to stab the seedling In the seedling separator, the seedling separating needles are separated from the current plate by holding the seedlings in a row and holding the seedlings in a row with the seedling separating needles inserted from above. The holding fulcrum is inserted into the second row of seedlings, and a plurality of holding needles are provided in the lateral direction to protrude from the contact surface to the first row of seedlings. A value different from an integral multiple of the interval between the seedlings to be configured, and in the height direction of the seedlings, a position of a needle tip at a rotation end on a side where the seedling separation needle is inserted into a seedling, and a position where the holding needle is provided It is a seedling separator that holds and peels two rows of seedlings that are substantially the same, and the seedling separating needle sticks into the first row of seedlings from the plate It proposes a changeable and seedlings separator position of sea urchin rotation fulcrum.

  Thereby, since the position of the rotation fulcrum can be changed, it can be switched and used when it is desired to separate seedlings one by one.

Japanese Patent No. 3541024 Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-62365 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 49-10746 Japanese Patent No. 3220947 Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-028567 Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-244004

  The invention proposed as Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-028567 is basically a device for supplying seedlings in two rows, and even if seedlings that have been lost and formed in a single row are supplied, the seedling loss sensor detects the loss of the upper seedling. When detected, the conveyance speed of the seedling receiving conveyor was increased. The paper tube aligned seedlings at the time of transplanting can be separated into individual seedlings without problems when the connection is weak or the connection remains strong, and when the paper tube mutual connection is weak. However, due to the way of irrigation during raising seedlings and the influence of temperature, etc., when the paper cylinders remain strongly connected to each other, they cannot be separated into individual seedlings, especially between the upper and lower paper cylinders. If the two seedlings are transported to the seedling sorting device while being connected, where one seedling is a good seedling having a normal leaf part and the other seedling is a defective seedling with a missing or small leaf part, a defective seedling May fall in the sorting space and be planted in the main field without being removed.

  Therefore, when the connection of the paper tube aligned seedlings remains strong, as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-244004, the rotation fulcrum is set so that the seedling separating needle of the seedling separator is stuck in the first row of seedlings from this plate. The position was changed and separated as a row of seedlings, and the next row of seedlings was supplied so as to follow the end of the preceding row of seedlings so that the missing seedlings could not be planted in this field. However, this will halve the planting efficiency because it is half the supply amount of the double row seedlings.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the supply method of the paper cylinder seedling to the transplanting machine which a planting efficiency improves even by supply of a single seedling row.

  In order to achieve the above object, the paper tube seedling feeding method to the transplanter according to claim 1 of the present invention is to receive and transport the row of seedlings P that are connected to the individual seedlings in a separable manner. The seedling receiving conveyor 11 is provided, and is transferred to the separating device 30 to be separated into individual seedlings, which are then fed to the planting device, and the preceding row of seedlings conveyed on the conveying surface of the seedling receiving conveyor 11 The next row of seedlings P is supplied to P in an overlapping manner.

  According to the invention according to claim 1, since the next row of seedlings P is supplied to the preceding row of seedlings P in an overlapping manner, the conveyance surface of the seedling receiving conveyor 11 can be widely used. Therefore, the seedlings P can be supplied without waiting and the planting efficiency is improved.

  In addition, since the next row of seedlings P is supplied to the preceding row of seedlings P, the two rows of upper and lower rows of seedlings P have already been separated and are positioned above and below. Since the two seedlings are not connected to each other, the two seedlings are hardly transported and the defective seedlings are not planted in the main field.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a method for supplying a paper tube seedling to a transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4 is a view taken in the direction of arrow B in FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a main part of FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 7 is a right side view in which a part of FIG. 6 is omitted.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for supplying a paper tube seedling to a transplanter according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The method for supplying the paper tube seedlings to the transplanter according to the present embodiment is used to supply, as an example, a row of seedlings P in a beet to the planting device. The paper tube seedling group that forms the base of the row of seedlings P is a hexagonal column-shaped paper tube that is open at the top and bottom and connected with water-soluble glue. Grows into a paper tube seedling group. The individual paper cylinders are hexagonal, so they are alternately arranged in contact with adjacent paper cylinders at the sides, and the glue at the connection part gradually drops due to irrigation at the time of raising seedlings, and maintains an appropriate connection strength at the time of transplantation. ing. At the time of transplantation, the seedling separators using a large number of rotating arcuate needles (not shown) are separated for each row and supplied to the supply device.

  The apparatus for supplying seedlings P in a line shown in the present embodiment includes a seedling receiving apparatus 10 that is positioned above and receives a line of seedlings P as shown in FIG. It is mainly composed of a separation device 30 provided in the section, a seedling sorting device 50 positioned below the separation device 30, and a stacking device 70 connected thereto. The seedlings are sent downward from the stacking device 70 shown in the lower right of FIG. 1 and transferred to a planting device (not shown) and transplanted one by one into the main field. For example, the planting device is equipped with a groove opener and a pair of rubber disks that rotate in the vertical direction. The seedling is rotated between the rubber disks, and the seedling is released in the groove opener and the groove is simultaneously formed. Planting seedlings by backfilling. In addition, this supply apparatus can also accept seedlings in two rows.

  The drive case 1 is a case in which a sprocket, a chain, and the like for driving a shaft and the like constituting the supply device are housed in a substantially rectangular box in plan view. The drive case 1 is attached to a suitable transplantation device, such as a frame of a transplanter.

  The seedling receiving device 10 is mainly composed of a horizontal seedling receiving conveyor 11 provided above the drive case 1, a turning roller 21 provided at the end thereof, and a seedling defect sensor 18. A horizontal plate-like conveyor frame 12 that protrudes downward and is supported from the drive case 1 seen in FIG. 2 is provided, shafts 13 and 14 are provided at both left and right ends, and a receiving belt 15 is stretched around the shafts 13 and 14. The shaft 14 protrudes from the drive case 1, power is transmitted in the drive case 1, and the shaft 14 rotates so that the receiving belt 15 rotates in the horizontal direction. The upper surface of the receiving belt 15 slides on the conveyor frame 12 to become a seedling transport surface, and when the row of seedlings P is inverted, it is transported in the transport direction M1.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, a positioning plate 16 having an L-shaped standing face is provided along the conveying direction M1 in the vicinity of the end of the receiving belt 15 on the drive case 1 side. The standing surface rises up from the conveying surface, and when the seedlings P in a row are placed on the receiving belt 15, the end of the leaf that does not protrude is brought into contact with the vertical position as seen in FIG. To be constant.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a seedling loss sensor 18 is provided above the shaft 14 from the drive case 1 via an L-shaped sensor bracket 17. The seedling loss sensor 18 is an optical sensor including a projector and a light receiver, and detects the presence or absence of an object by projecting light toward the conveying surface of the lower receiving belt 15 and obtaining reflected light. The optical axis is adjusted, and the presence or absence of an upper paper tube section is detected by placing the next row of seedlings P on the preceding row of seedlings P on the receiving belt 15 so as to be turned upside down. To do.

  A shaft 20 is provided above the shaft 14 which is the terminal end of the seedling receiving conveyor 11, and a turning roller 21 is fitted. The turning roller 21 is a cylindrical sponge roller, and its lower circumference is rotated in the conveying direction M1, and the circumferential speed of the outer circumference and the revolving speed of the receiving belt 15 are set to be substantially the same. The gap between the outer periphery of the turning roller 21 and the conveying surface of the receiving belt 15 is slightly narrower than the diameter of the seedlings, and is fed out with both two upper and lower stages or one stage of seedlings.

  When the seedling defect sensor 18 detects that there is no upper seedling, speed increasing means is provided so as to increase the transport speed of the seedling receiving device 10. The speed increasing means switches between the speed increasing side and the speed reducing side driving path by using a conventionally used electromagnetic clutch, and the speed increasing means is accommodated downstream of the driving path for operating the seedling receiving device 10. The peripheral speed of 14, 20 is changed between the current deceleration state and the acceleration state. In this embodiment, the speed increasing state is set to be twice the speed reducing state.

  A shaft 31, an upper separation roller 32, a shaft 33, and a lower separation roller 34 are provided as a separating device 30 obliquely below the shaft 14 and the shaft 20 on the conveying direction M1 side. Both separation rollers 32 and 34 are lotus root-like rubber rollers having a large number of holes in a circular cross section as shown in FIG. 5. By making holes, flexibility is provided between the outer periphery and the shaft core. Protrusions are evenly provided on the top. Both separation rollers 32 and 34 are provided with a gap in the axial direction, and the upper separation roller 32 seen in FIG. 5 is made to approach the turning roller 21 so that the turning roller 21 is in the axial direction of the upper separating roller 32. Rotate in the gap. The gap between the separation rollers 32 and 34 is slightly narrower than the diameter of the seedling, and the opposite half-turns are rotated in reverse so that they rotate in the transport direction M1. Like that. The circumferential speed of both separation rollers 32 and 34 was set to three times the revolving speed when the seedling receiving conveyor 11 was decelerated.

  A shaft 40 is provided at a position on the feeding side between the separation rollers 32 and 34, a shaft 41 is provided at a position slightly below the shaft 40, and the vertical conveying belt 42 is passed over. The belt is rotated so that the lower separation roller 34 side of the belt is directed downward, and the rotation speed is substantially the same as the peripheral speed of both separation rollers 32 and 34. A large number of pleated protrusions are provided on the surface of the belt at intervals smaller than the diameter of the seedling, and the gap between the upper part of the vertical conveying belt 42 and the lower separation roller 34 is slightly narrower than the diameter of the seedling.

  A shaft 43 is provided below the shaft 33, a shaft 44 is provided at a position slightly below the shaft 43, and the vertical conveyance belt 45 is stretched between the shafts 43, 44. The vertical conveyance belt 45 is a belt having a flat surface, and the surface facing the vertical conveyance belt 42 rotates downward, and the rotation speed is substantially the same. The gap between the opposing surfaces of both the vertical conveyor belts 42 and 45 is slightly narrower than the diameter of the seedling.

  A shaft 46 is provided below the shaft 41, and a roller 47 is fitted on the shaft 46. The roller 47 is a rubber roller having a lotus root-like flexibility like the separation rollers 32 and 34, and is rotated in the same direction as the shaft 41, and the peripheral speed of the outer periphery thereof is the same as the rotational speed of the vertical conveyor belts 42 and 44. Keep almost the same. Further, the outer peripheral right end of the roller 47 shown in FIG. 1 is slightly protruded to the right side of the right side straight portion of the vertical conveying belt 42.

  A seedling sorting device 50 is provided below the shaft 44. The seedling sorting device 50 mainly comprises shafts 51, 52, 53, 54 protruding from the drive case 1, and a leaf receiving device 60 provided on the protruding end side of the shaft so as to face the drive case 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, shafts 51, 52, 53, and 54 are provided below the shaft 44 in the same height in the transport direction M2 opposite to the transport direction M1 and protrude from the drive case 1. Are equal to each other.

  A belt 55 is stretched near the protruding ends of the shafts 51 and 52, a belt 56 is stretched near the protruding ends of the shafts 53 and 54, and a belt 57 is stretched between the shafts 51 and 54 in parallel with the belts 55 and 56 seen in FIG. . The upper surface of the belt that is stretched is rotated in the conveyance direction M2, and the rotation speed is set to 3/4 of the vertical conveyance belts 42 and 45. There is no belt between the projecting ends of the shafts 52 and 53, and the position seen in FIG. This space is defined as a selection space S.

  On the projecting end side of the series of shafts 51, 52, 53, 54, a leaf receiving case 61 is provided at a position facing the drive case 1. The leaf receiving case 61 is a case whose horizontal length is substantially the same as that between the shafts 51 and 54. The sprocket and chain are housed inside, and the power is transmitted from the driving case 1 and is horizontally directed toward the driving case 1. The shafts protruding in the direction are rotated.

  As shown in FIG. 4, shafts 62 and 63 are provided at the same height from the leaf receiving case 61 to the drive case 1 so as to be spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the leaf receiving belt 64 is stretched between the protruding ends. Then, shafts 65 and 66 are provided above the leaf receiving belt 64 so as to be spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and the leaf pressing belt 67 is stretched between the protruding ends. The upper surface of the leaf receiving belt 64 and the lower surface of the leaf presser belt 67 are in contact with each other at the linear portion so as to rotate in the conveying direction M2, and the speed thereof is set to be the same as the speed of the belts 55, 56, and 57. The lengths of the belts 64 and 67 in the horizontal direction are substantially the same. The leaf retainer belt 67 is slightly displaced from the leaf receiving belt 64 toward the conveying direction M2, and the leaf retainer belt 66 is located above the shaft 62. Make sure there is no space. The height of the upper surface of the leaf receiving belt 64 and the upper surface of the belts 55, 56, and 57 are substantially the same, and the position from the start end to the end of the leaf receiving belt 64 is substantially the same as the position from the start end to the end of the belt 57. Keep it as

  Next, the accumulating device 70 is provided on the conveying direction M2 side in connection with the seedling sorting device 50. The stacking device 70 mainly includes a stacking belt 75, an alignment roller 81, a stacking sensor 75, rubber rollers 82 and 83, and a sponge roller 84.

  Shafts 71 and 72 having the same height are provided on the conveying direction M2 side of shaft 54 so as to be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction. The upper surface of the accumulation belt 73 is rotated in the conveying direction M2, the height of the upper surface is slightly lower than the upper surfaces of the belts 56 and 57, and the vertical position seen in FIG. To do. The lower portion spanned between the shafts 71 and 72 is pressed from the inside with a tension 74 so as not to loosen.

  The integrated belt 73 is an endless belt made by connecting a number of link plates with pins like a roller chain, and each pin is provided with a number of rollers that rotate freely in the direction of rotation in the axial direction. ing. When the accumulation belt 73 is rotated, a large number of rollers are also rotated integrally, and when the seedling is placed on the upper surface of the belt, it is conveyed in the conveying direction M2. Even if the seedling stops on the belt, a large number of rollers are idle, and the accumulation belt 73 can be rotated.

  An integrated sensor 75 is provided above the upper surface of the integrated belt 73. The integrated sensor 75 is an optical sensor similar to the seedling loss sensor 18, and projects light from above to the approximate center between the parallel integrated belts 73 so that the presence or absence of seedlings on the integrated belt 73 can be detected.

  A shaft 80 is provided on the conveyance direction M2 side of the shaft 72, and a columnar alignment roller 81 is provided on the shaft 80 in three rows. The aligning rollers 81 are provided between and on both sides of the collecting belts 73 arranged in parallel, and the shaft 80 approaches the outer periphery of the collecting belt 73 rotating around the shaft 72 seen in FIG. Provide. The height of the outer peripheral upper end of the alignment roller 81 is set slightly higher than the upper surface of the accumulation belt 73.

  Rubber rollers 82 and 83 are provided above the end of the accumulation belt 73 in a horizontal direction. The rubber rollers 82 and 83 are the same as the separating rollers 32 and 34, and have a lotus-like flexibility. The rubber rollers 82 and 83 are made to approach each other so that the outer circumferences shown in FIG. A single rubber roller 83 is rotated in the gap between the rubber rollers 82. The lower circumferences of the rubber rollers 82 and 83 are rotated in the conveying direction M2, and the gap between the lower end of the rubber rollers 82 and 83 and the upper surface of the accumulation belt 73 is made slightly wider than the diameter of the seedling.

  A sponge roller 84 is provided on the rubber roller 83 in the conveyance direction M2 side. The sponge roller 84 is a cylindrical sponge, and the gap between the outer periphery of the sponge roller 84 and the outer periphery of the alignment roller 81 is set to be substantially the same as the diameter of the seedling.

  The accumulating device 70 configured as described above is provided with speed increasing means using an electromagnetic clutch, and when there is no seedling at the position of the accumulating sensor 75 on the accumulating belt 73, the seedling receiving device 10 to the accumulating belt 73 are connected. Increase the speed in conjunction. On the other hand, the alignment roller 81, the rubber rollers 82 and 83, and the sponge roller 84 have a rotational speed that is linked to the planting device, regardless of the speed increasing means, and are set to half the speed when the speed increasing means is decelerated. In the present embodiment, the acceleration state is doubled with respect to the deceleration state.

  Here, it is assumed that the seedling receiving device 10 is also doubled by the speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75, but the seedling receiving apparatus 10 is provided with speed increasing means using the seedling defect sensor 18. The drive path for operating the seedling receiving apparatus 10 is a drive path that passes through the speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75, and the speed increasing means using the seedling defect sensor 18 is provided in advance from the drive path. In other words, the seedling receiving device 10 is doubled by the speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75, and further doubled by the speed increasing means by the seedling defect sensor 18, so that it is four times higher than the lowest deceleration state. The speed can be increased.

  When the two speed increasing means are in a decelerating state, the speed ratio of each device provided in the series is summarized as follows. When the peripheral speed of the alignment roller 81 is 1, the seedling receiving device 10 is 1, the separating device 30 and the vertical conveyance The belts 42 and 44 are set to 3, the seedling sorting device 50 is set to 2, the stacking belt 73 is set to 2, and each device other than the alignment roller 81 is doubled by the speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75.

  Next, a shaft 90 is provided on the side of the sponge roller 84 in the transport direction M2, and a vertical transport belt 91 is provided between the shaft 90 and a shaft of a planting device (not shown) below the shaft 90. Further, a shaft 92 is provided below the shaft 80, and a vertical conveying belt 93 is provided between the shaft 92 and a shaft of a planting device (not shown) below the shaft 92. The vertical conveyor belts 91 and 93 are rubber belts provided with a large number of pleated protrusions at intervals smaller than the diameter of the seedlings. The opposed surfaces of the vertical conveyor belts 91 and 93 are rotated downward, and the gap between the opposed surfaces is Is approximately the same as the diameter of the seedling. In addition, the rotational speed of the vertical conveyance belts 91 and 93 is set to a rotational speed that is linked to the planting speed.

  Below, the action | operation of the supply apparatus of the line-shaped seedling P comprised in this way is demonstrated.

  The operator stands on the upper side of the drive case 1 shown in FIG. 2, separates the paper seedlings from the paper tube seedling group for each row by a seedling separator (not shown), and supplies the seedlings P in a row to the receiving belt 15. The end of the row of seedlings P without leaves is brought into contact with the positioning plate 16 so that the vertical position shown in FIG. The next row of seedlings P is supplied to the preceding row of seedlings P conveyed to the receiving belt 15 while being stacked thereon. The amount to be stacked may be an arbitrary amount of the operator, and may be supplied with a gap in the seedling row temporarily when the entire amount is stacked, several are stacked, or the seedlings are not supplied in time. The greater the amount of stacking, the slower the revolving speed of the receiving belt 15 and the more room can be afforded.

  By appropriate means such as power transmitted from the transplanter, the shafts, pulleys, etc. provided in the drive case 1 are rotated, and when the receiving belt 15 rotates, the one row of seedlings P supplied in an overlapping manner is moved in the transport direction M1. Be transported.

  The row of seedlings P supplied in a stacked manner is transported, and when reaching the shaft 14 which is the terminal end of the seedling receiving conveyor 11, it is sandwiched between the turning rollers 21 above the transport surface and fed out. At the same time, since the axis of the turning roller 21 is outside the terminal end of the seedling receiving conveyor 11, the row of seedlings P supplied in a superimposed manner is pressed from above by the turning roller 21 and turned obliquely downward into a refractive state. It is done.

  By the turning roller 21, the row of seedlings P supplied in a superimposed manner is applied so that the upper seedlings that are refracted outside corners spread, and the weakly connected parts are peeled off, and the upper seedlings are connected. Cracks continuously occur so as to cut from the part to the bottom. The one row of seedlings P fed out from between the shaft 14 and the turning roller 21 are fed out in a state where all the seedlings P are separated from the subsequent seedlings.

  At this time, the seedling receiving conveyor 11 is provided with the seedling loss sensor 18 and the speed increasing means. Therefore, when the seedlings are supplied in two upper and lower stages, the upper stage seedlings are detected and decelerated. When the upper seedling cannot be detected including the case where the seedling row has a gap, the speeds of the seedling receiving conveyor 11 and the turning roller 21 are increased twice. Even if only one row of seedlings P is supplied by the speed increasing means by the seedling loss sensor 18, the seedlings P are supplied in a double row and are supplied in a double row because the speed is doubled and sent out. The supply amount can be made equal to when

  Further, since the seedling loss sensor 18 is an optical sensor, it can be smaller than a contact switch using a swinging detection arm, and is provided near the end of the seedling receiving conveyor 11, so that the operator can use the shafts 13,14. The seedlings can be placed in a wide space between them, and the sensor does not get in the way and the workability is good.

  Next, the row of seedlings P supplied in a superimposed manner are turned and fed from the receiving belt 15 and the turning roller 21, and then contact the upper separation roller 32 and the lower separation roller 34. The upper and lower separation rollers 32 and 34 are positioned so as to be sandwiched from above and below with respect to the two rows of seedlings P fed out between the receiving belt 15 and the turning roller 21. Abut one by one. And since the peripheral speed of both separation rollers 32 and 34 is faster than the seedling receiving conveyor 11, the contacted seedling is applied in the direction of peeling from one connected seedling and separated into individual seedlings. .

  The individual seedlings fed out between the two separation rollers 32 and 34 are turned downward by the vertical conveying belt 42 and the lower separation roller 34 and then fed out, and are then sandwiched between the vertical conveying belts 42 and 45 and conveyed downward. Then, it is extended so as to drop substantially downward between the shafts 41 and 44. There is a flexible roller 47 under the shaft 41, and the outer periphery of the pulley 47 protrudes from the holding surface of the vertical conveying belt 42, so that the seedlings are turned in the conveying direction M2 while reducing the impact of dropping.

  The seedling fed from between the shaft 44 and the roller 47 is placed between the belts 55 and 57 of the seedling sorting device 50 at the paper tube portion. At this time, the leaf portion that has come out of the paper tube portion of the seedling is placed on the upper surface of the start end of the leaf receiving belt 64 of the leaf receiving device 60, and the leaf holding belt 64 is rotated from the top along with the rotation of the leaf receiving belt 64 in the conveying direction M2. It is sandwiched between 67 and transported with the leaf portion sandwiched. On the other hand, when the paper tube portion is fed in the conveying direction M2, there is no belt between the projecting ends of the shaft 52 and the shaft 53 as the sorting space S, so the paper tube portion of the seedling is only near the end portion on the leafless side. Is supported by the belt 57 and conveyed.

  Therefore, the paper tube portion of a good seedling having normal leaf portions is supported by the belt 57, and the leaf portion is conveyed by being sandwiched and conveyed by the leaf receiving device 60. Since the portion is not sandwiched between the leaf receiving devices 60, the balance is lost, and it falls into the sorting space S and is discharged outside the apparatus. The beet paper tube seedling group grown until the transplanting period is considered to have about 10% of defective seedlings. By providing the seedling selection device 50, only good seedlings can be supplied to the planting device.

  The leaf portion of the good seedling that is sandwiched and transported by the leaf receiving device 60 is released at the end of the leaf receiving belt 64, and the paper tube portion of the seedling is again supported on the belts 56 and 57 and transported in the transporting direction M2. After that, it is delivered onto the integrated belt 73 provided in series.

  The seedlings delivered to the accumulation belt 73 are transported, abutted against the alignment roller 81 at the end, and corrected so as to be parallel to the axial direction thereof. The alignment roller 81 is slightly higher than the height of the accumulation belt 73, and the freely rotating roller on the surface of the accumulation belt 73 rotates idly. The seedling is not moved forward and is sent out in the transport direction M2 by the rotation of the alignment roller 81.

  Since there is a speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75, when there is no seedling directly under the integrated sensor 75, the speed up to the integrated belt 73 from the seedling receiving device 10 is doubled. The seedling is conveyed toward the alignment roller 81. At the time of this speed increase, the revolving speed of the accumulation belt 73 is faster than the rotation of the alignment roller 81. Therefore, the subsequent seedlings are brought into close contact with the seedlings in contact with the alignment roller 81 and become aligned. Then, when the seedlings are accumulated just below the accumulation sensor 75, the state is switched to a deceleration state. By creating a state where seedlings are aligned and stacked on such a stacking belt 73, a certain amount of seedlings are retained, absorbing the transport interval generated upstream thereof, and seedlings are spaced at regular intervals to the alignment roller 81 and thereafter. Can be supplied.

  When the amount of accumulation on the accumulation belt 73 becomes too large, the force that the accumulated seedlings push in the transport direction M2 increases, and a phenomenon occurs in which the subsequent seedlings try to rise upward. Swelling is prevented by providing rubber rollers 82 and 83 in a row above the section.

  Next, the seedling is lifted and raised from the accumulation belt 73 to a high position by the alignment roller 81, and is fed between the sponge roller 84 and the seedling. At the feeding position, the vertical conveying belt 91 is rotated downward, is brought into contact with the protrusion on the belt surface, is sent downward, and is then sandwiched between the vertical conveying belt 93 and sent to the lower planting device. Delivered.

  In the supply apparatus having a series of conveyance paths as described above, even if the acceleration by the integrated sensor 75 is activated, a situation in which seedlings are not easily collected up to just below the integrated sensor 75 occurs. In many cases, the cause is not a defective seedling of about 10%, but a defective supply in which a seedling row supplied to the seedling receiving apparatus 10 has a gap or a defect. Moreover, when it is determined that the supply amount of seedlings is coarse at the position of the integrated sensor, there is almost no seedlings on the path from the upstream separation device to the seedling selection device, or the conveyance interval is greatly expanded, In the conventional supply apparatus, it has been necessary to increase the speed more than three times.

  However, in the supply apparatus shown in the present embodiment, the seedling defect sensor 18 is provided in the seedling receiving apparatus 10 to detect seedling defects at an early stage, and the transport density of seedlings after the seedling receiving apparatus 10 is replenished. The speed increase of the speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75 can be set to a low value of twice. If the degree of increase / decrease in the conveyance speed is small, there is an effect that the posture change of the seedling being conveyed is small and stable conveyance can be achieved, and the increase / decrease of the seedling receiving conveyor 11 is small and it is easy to place the seedling.

  In addition, the seedling receiving device 10 speeds up to a total of four times the speed increasing means by the seedling defect sensor 18 in addition to twice the speed increasing means by the integrated sensor 75. Since the supply density can be ensured by replenishing the transport density, seedlings can be reliably accumulated in the accumulating device 70 and the seedlings can be supplied to the planting device without any shortage, so that it does not become a missing stock.

  The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist.

  For example, as an example of a row of seedlings, an example of a row of seedlings P using a paper tube raising seedling container has been shown, but a row of seedlings, a seedling tube made of resin, etc., a seedling culture medium itself is a raising seedling vessel As long as the individual seedlings are connected to each other so as to be separable, such as those that form the shape.

  In addition, although an example in which an operator supplies the seedlings P in a row using a manual seedling separator to the seedling receiving conveyor 11 has been shown, the seedlings are supplied by a robot or a device that supplies the seedlings in a row. Also good.

11 Seedling receiving conveyor
30 Separation device P Single row seedling as row seedling

Claims (1)

  In a transplanting machine equipped with a seedling receiving conveyor that inverts and accepts and conveys row-like seedlings that are connected to individual seedlings in a separated manner, and transfers them to a separating device to be separated into individual seedlings, which are then supplied to a planting device. A method for supplying paper tube seedlings to a transplanting machine in which the next row of seedlings is superimposed on the preceding row of seedlings conveyed on the conveying surface of the seedling receiving conveyor.

Images