JP2018190164A - Authentication device, authentication method, and authentication program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an authentication device capable of preventing spoofing by other users and the like.SOLUTION: An authentication device comprises: a storage unit for storing a brain reaction pattern obtained by measurement performed when a user is recalling a specific memory; an acquisition unit for acquiring the user's brain reaction pattern in a state that the user is recalling a specific memory at the authentication; a determination unit for determining whether or not there is a certain degree or more of correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit and the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage unit; and an authentication unit for executing authentication on the basis of the determination of the determination unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an authentication apparatus, an authentication method, and an authentication program for performing authentication.

  Conventionally, authentication is sometimes performed when using some system or entering or leaving a building or room. As such authentication methods, there are various methods such as authentication by inputting a password or using a unique IC card, for example. In addition, as shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, authentication using human biological information has also been proposed.

JP-T-2006-513319 JP 2005-293209 A

  By the way, although the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for giving a stimulus to a user such as a photograph, a movie, an audio track, a question, etc. and using the brain wave at that time for authentication, further, such as impersonation, etc. Authentication technology that can prevent fraud is desired. Patent Document 2 discloses an authentication device that senses even when a user is forced to perform an unauthorized operation. However, a technique for preventing an unauthorized act is desired to be further developed.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an authentication device, an authentication method, and an authentication program that can use human biological information and can perform authentication specialized for each individual. The purpose is to do.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, an authentication apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention is an authentication apparatus for performing authentication, a communication unit that performs communication with an external apparatus via a network, and a user specified The storage unit stores a brain reaction pattern obtained by measurement when recalling memory, and a control unit. The control unit is in a state where the user recalls a specific memory during authentication. To determine whether there is a certain level of correlation between the acquisition unit that acquires the brain reaction pattern from an external device, the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit, and the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage unit And a determination unit that performs authentication based on the determination of the determination unit.

  In the authentication apparatus, the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage unit is a brain reaction pattern when the user is recalling a specific memory, and is a brain reaction pattern measured in a specific environment, and the acquisition unit is The brain reaction pattern of the user under a specific environment may be acquired.

  In the authentication device, the specific environment may be a state where the user is viewing a specific image.

  In the authentication apparatus, the specific environment may be a state where the user is listening to a specific sound.

  An authentication device according to an aspect of the present invention is provided by a storage unit that stores behavior information indicating a user's behavior in a virtual space, a provision unit that provides the same virtual space as the virtual space, and a provision unit A determination unit that determines whether or not there is a certain level of correlation between the user's behavior in the virtual space and the behavior indicated by the behavior information, and an authentication unit that performs authentication based on the determination of the determination unit, Prepare.

  In the above authentication device, the storage unit further stores a brain reaction pattern of the user when the behavior indicated by the behavior information is taken, and the authentication device further stores the behavior of the user in the virtual space provided by the providing unit. An acquisition unit for acquiring a brain reaction pattern, and the determination unit further determines whether or not there is a certain correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit and the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage unit The determination unit may further perform authentication based on determination of a brain reaction pattern.

  In addition, an authentication method according to one aspect of the present invention includes a storage step of storing in advance a brain reaction pattern obtained by measurement when a user is recalling a specific memory, and a user storing a specific memory during authentication. Whether or not there is a certain correlation between the acquisition step of acquiring the user's brain reaction pattern in the recalled state, the brain reaction pattern acquired in the acquisition step, and the brain response pattern stored in the storage step A determination step for determining, and an authentication step for executing authentication based on the determination in the determination step.

  In addition, an authentication program according to one aspect of the present invention includes a storage function for storing in advance a brain reaction pattern obtained by measurement when a user is recalling a specific memory, and a user specifying at the time of authentication. Whether there is a certain level of correlation between the acquisition function for acquiring the user's brain reaction pattern in the state of recalling the memory, the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition function, and the brain reaction pattern stored by the memory function A determination function for determining whether or not and an authentication function for executing authentication based on the determination by the determination function are realized.

  An authentication method according to an aspect of the present invention is provided in a storage step of storing behavior information indicating a user's behavior in a virtual space, a provision step of providing the same virtual space as the virtual space, and a provision step A determination step for determining whether or not there is a certain level of correlation between the behavior of the user in the virtual space and the behavior indicated by the behavior information, and an authentication step for performing authentication based on the determination in the determination step. Including.

  An authentication program according to an aspect of the present invention is provided by a storage function that stores behavior information indicating a user's behavior in a virtual space, a provision function that provides the same virtual space as the virtual space, and a provision function Realizes a determination function that determines whether or not there is a certain level of correlation between the user's action in the virtual space and the action indicated by the action information, and an authentication function that performs authentication based on the determination of the determination function Let

  The authentication device according to one aspect of the present invention performs authentication using a user's brain wave when a user is recalling a specific memory, for example, when recalling memories that are impressive to the user. An authentication apparatus that performs specialized authentication can be provided. Moreover, the authentication apparatus can prevent impersonation by other users who do not know the memories by using the brain waves when recalling memories unique to the users for authentication.

It is a system diagram showing a system configuration example of an authentication system. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of an authentication apparatus. It is a data conceptual diagram which shows the data structural example of authentication information. (A), (b) is a figure which shows an example of brain reaction pattern information. It is a sequence diagram which shows the exchange in the authentication system 1. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example which concerns on authentication of an authentication apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the other operation example which concerns on authentication of an authentication apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the other operation example which concerns on authentication of an authentication apparatus. It is an image figure which shows an example of a brain activation pattern. It is a block diagram which shows the other structural example of an authentication apparatus.

  Hereinafter, an authentication system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<Embodiment>
<Configuration>
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration example of an authentication system 1 for performing authentication. As shown in FIG. 1, the authentication system 1 includes an authentication device 100, a brain reaction detection device 200a, and a brain reaction detection device 200b. The authentication device 100 is connected to the brain reaction detection device 200a and the locking / unlocking device 410 via the network 350.

  The authentication performed by the authentication system 1 performs authentication for verifying the legitimacy of the user using the user's brain waves and brain activation patterns detected by the brain reaction detection devices 200a and 200b. It may be for secure authentication. Such authentication may be, for example, authentication for using some system or service, authentication for entering a building or a room in a building, or opening / closing a locked box, etc. It may be authentication. FIG. 1 shows an example of performing authentication for opening and closing the door 400.

  When the user 30 wants to open the door 400, the user 30 wears the brain reaction detection device 200b connected to the locking / unlocking device 410 of the door 400. The brain reaction detection device 200b detects a brain wave in a state where the user 30 is recalling a specific memory, for example, a memory impressive to the user 30, and transmits the detected brain reaction pattern to the authentication device 100. The brain reaction detection devices 200a and 200b may be devices that have at least the function of a device that functions as a generally known electroencephalograph, as long as they can detect the brain waves of the user who wears them.

  The authentication device 100 stores in advance (before authentication) a brain reaction pattern acquired in a state of recalling memories that are impressive for the user 30 in advance. The brain reaction pattern may be detected by any of the brain reaction detection devices 200a and 200b. The brain reaction pattern is information indicating a brain reaction, and indicates a pattern according to the brain reaction of the user 30 such as an electroencephalogram waveform or a brain activation pattern.

  The authentication device 100 obtains a correlation between the user's brain reaction pattern detected by the brain reaction detection device 200b and the brain response pattern stored in advance, and authenticates according to whether or not there is a certain correlation or more. I do. If there is a correlation above a certain level, “authentication is possible”, and if there is no correlation above a certain level, “authentication is impossible”. Here, “authentication is possible” indicates that the user is valid, and “authentication is not possible” indicates that the user is not valid. The authentication device 100 transmits result information indicating the result of the authentication to, for example, the locking / unlocking device 410 provided in the door 400. Then, the locking / unlocking device 410 opens or does not open the door 400 according to the received result information. In other words, the locking / unlocking device 410 unlocks the door 400 when receiving the result information indicating “authentication possible”, and unlocks the door 400 when receiving the result information indicating “not authenticated”. Do not lock.

  The authentication device 100 in such an authentication system 1 will be described in detail. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the authentication device 100. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the authentication device 100 includes a communication unit 110, a storage unit 120, and a control unit 130. The communication unit 110, the storage unit 120, and the control unit 130 are connected to each other via a bus 140.

  The communication unit 110 has a function of executing communication with an external device via the network 350. Examples of the external device include the brain reaction detection device 200b and the locking / unlocking device 410. The communication unit 110 has a function of receiving brain reaction pattern information indicating the brain reaction pattern of the user 30 from the brain reaction detection device 200b and transmitting the information to the control unit 130. Here, the brain reaction pattern information indicating the brain reaction pattern is associated with user identification information for identifying the user 30, and is configured to be able to identify which user's brain reaction pattern. Note that the user identification information may be accepted in any manner as long as it is possible to specify which user's brain reaction pattern. For example, identification information for identifying a user at the same time that the brain reaction pattern is received may be received from an operator or the like, and the brain reaction pattern and the user to be authenticated may be associated with each other. The communication unit 110 also has a function of transmitting result information indicating the authentication result transmitted from the authentication unit 133 of the control unit 130 to the locking / unlocking device 410.

  The storage unit 120 has a function of storing various data and programs necessary for the operation of the authentication device 100. The storage unit 120 can be realized by various storage media such as SSD, HDD, and flash memory, but is not limited thereto. The memory | storage part 120 has a function which memorize | stores the information which shows the brain reaction pattern obtained by measuring when the user is recalling specific memory. Here, the specific memory refers to a past memory that is unforgettable for the user or a memorable past memory, such as a childhood or adolescent memory, but is not limited to these. Absent. Memories that are unforgettable and impressive for the user are unique to each user, and even when multiple users experience the same experience, the impression at that time can be unique to each user. Therefore, since memories are unique to each user, it is possible to provide an authentication system in which other users cannot impersonate by using a brain reaction pattern when recalling impressive memories for authentication. it can. Specifically, the storage unit 120 stores authentication information 300 including information on brain reaction patterns used for authentication for each user. Further details of the authentication information 300 will be described later. The storage unit 120 stores an authentication program that is executed by the control unit 130 and indicates a process for executing authentication using the brain reaction pattern of the user 30 at the time of authentication.

  The control unit 130 is a processor that reads and executes various programs stored in the storage unit 120, and has a function of controlling each unit of the authentication device 100. The control unit 130 functions as the acquisition unit 131, the determination unit 132, and the authentication unit 133. Further, the control unit 130 associates the received brain reaction pattern information with the identification information for identifying the user associated with the brain reaction pattern information based on the request for registration of the brain reaction pattern information. It also has a function of registering in the authentication information 300. At this time, if the environment information is associated with the brain reaction pattern information received by the authentication device 100, the control unit 130 also registers the environment information in association with it. Details of the environmental information will be described later.

  The acquisition unit 131 has a function of acquiring a brain reaction pattern of the user 30 in a state where the user 30 is recalling a specific memory at the time of authentication. Specifically, the acquisition unit 131 receives information indicating the brain reaction pattern of the user 30 transmitted from the brain reaction detection device 200b by the communication unit 110, and the brain reaction pattern transmitted to the control unit 130 by the communication unit 110. It has the function to acquire the information to show.

  The determination unit 132 is greater than or equal to a certain value between the electroencephalogram waveform indicated by the information indicating the electroencephalogram waveform that is one of the brain reaction patterns acquired by the acquisition unit 131 and the electroencephalogram waveform of the user 30 stored in the storage unit 120. Has a function of determining whether or not there is a correlation. At this time, the determination unit 132 may correlate brain waves of any frequency of δ waves, θ waves, α waves, and β waves detected as brain waves, or may correlate brain waves of a plurality of frequencies. When using electroencephalograms with a plurality of frequencies, the determination unit 132 may determine whether or not there is a certain correlation or more at all frequencies, and the average correlation value is equal to or more than a certain value. It may be determined whether there is a certain correlation or not based on whether or not there is. The determination unit 132 may also correlate brain waves in a band in which a unique waveform is likely to appear when the user 30 is recalling an impressive memory. Here, the unique waveform may be, for example, a γ wave or a θ wave that easily activates an amplitude when recalling impressive memories, or that easily acts on memory formation, or In the user's brain, it may be a brain activation pattern when it can be seen that the electroencephalogram is active at that time (for example, the temporal lobe). The activation may be, for example, when the amplitude exceeds a predetermined threshold or when the amplitude width is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. The δ wave is a brain wave in a frequency band of less than 0.5 to 4 Hz, the θ wave is a brain wave in a frequency band of less than 4 to 8 Hz, and the α wave is a frequency band of less than 8 to 13 Hz. The β wave is an electroencephalogram having a frequency band of 13 Hz or higher. The electroencephalogram activation pattern may be a pattern of image data obtained by measuring an activated part of the brain as shown in FIG. 9 and marking the activated part. FIG. 9 shows an example in which the active range is expressed by the size of the circle 901 and the degree of activity is expressed by the strength of the shade in the gradation of the circle 901 in the activated part in the brain 900 of the user 30. Yes. Although shown as a two-dimensional image in FIG. 9, this is a three-dimensional image in which a brain reaction pattern is measured in XYZ coordinates and an activated part is marked on the three-dimensional coordinates. Also good. Further, the activated part is indicated by a circle 901. However, the marking of the part where the brain is activated does not need to be a circle, and any mark can be used as long as it can be understood that the part is activated. Good.

  The authentication unit 133 has a function of executing authentication based on the determination determined by the determination unit 132. Specifically, the authentication unit 133 determines that the determination unit 132 determines that there is a certain correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit 131 and the brain response pattern of the user 30 stored in the storage unit 120. If it is determined, the authentication is possible, that is, the user 30 is authenticated as valid. In addition, when the authentication unit 133 determines that the correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit 131 and the brain response pattern of the user 30 stored in the storage unit 120 is not more than a certain level, the determination unit 132 determines Then, authentication is impossible, that is, the user 30 is authenticated if it is not legitimate. The authentication unit 133 also has a function of instructing the communication unit 110 to transmit result information indicating the result of authentication to the locking / unlocking device 410.

  The above is the description of the configuration of the authentication device 100.

  The brain reaction detection device 200b will be briefly described. The brain reaction detection device 200b is configured, for example, to be worn on the user's head and to have the electrode pad in close contact with the user. And the brain reaction detection apparatus 200b implement | achieves the detection function which detects a user's brain wave via the said electrode pad, and the function which transmits the brain reaction pattern information which shows the detected brain wave to the authentication apparatus 100. FIG. The brain reaction detection device 200b also has a function of receiving identification information that uniquely identifies the user 30, and realizes a function of transmitting to the authentication device 100 together with the brain reaction pattern information. The brain reaction detection device 200b transmits brain reaction pattern information having a waveform of an electroencephalogram detected for a certain time to the authentication device 100.

<Data>
FIG. 3 is a data conceptual diagram showing a configuration example of the authentication information 300. The authentication information 300 is information that the authentication apparatus 100 refers to during authentication, and includes information on a brain reaction pattern obtained by measurement when the user is recalling a specific memory. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the authentication information 300 may be configured as information in which user identification information 301, brain reaction pattern information 302, and environment information 303 are associated with each other.

  The user identification information 301 is information for individually identifying each user in the authentication system 1 and is user-specific identification information. The user identification information 301 may be, for example, a user name or an identification number uniquely assigned to the user on the authentication system 1. The user identification information 301 may be registered, for example, by the input of an input device such as a keyboard or a touch panel every time the operator of the authentication system 1 appropriately registers new brain reaction pattern information. When the authentication system 1 registers new brain reaction pattern information, it may be registered by generating and assigning new user identification information that has not been used so far.

  The brain reaction pattern information 302 is information indicating a brain reaction pattern obtained by measuring in advance from a corresponding user before authentication, and is obtained when the user is recalling a specific memory. It is the information which shows the obtained brain reaction pattern. Since the brain response pattern information 302 is stored in advance, it is possible to correlate with the brain response pattern of the user 30 measured at the time of authentication. Here, the file name corresponding to the brain reaction pattern is shown as information indicating the corresponding brain reaction pattern.

  The environment information 303 is information indicating the environment of the user when the brain reaction pattern indicated by the brain reaction pattern information 302 is measured. The environment information 303 is, for example, image file information indicating a specific image when a specific image is presented to the user when the brain reaction pattern is measured, or the brain response pattern is measured. When a specific sound is heard from the user, the sound file may indicate the specific sound. Further, the environment information 303 may be, for example, information indicating the content of a question or conversation presented to the user when the brain reaction pattern is measured, and in this case, a text file indicating these content Or an audio file thereof.

  The above is the description of the authentication information 300.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the brain reaction pattern information 302. FIG. 4A shows an example when the brain reaction pattern information is expressed in one dimension, and FIG. 4B shows an example when the brain reaction pattern information is expressed in two dimensions.

  FIG. 4A shows an example of the brain reaction pattern information 302 with an amplitude corresponding to the elapsed time of each frequency band related to the electroencephalogram. As shown in FIG. 4A, the brain reaction pattern information 302 is information on the waveform image of the user's brain wave measured for a fixed time with the horizontal axis as the time axis. Here, the brain reaction pattern information including each waveform of δ wave, θ wave, α wave, and β wave is shown, but the brain reaction pattern information 302 may be only a part of these, An integrated waveform obtained by integrating these may be used as the brain reaction pattern information 302. In addition, although shown here as a waveform, this may be expressed as a function indicating a brain reaction pattern with time as a variable, for example.

  FIG. 4B is an example showing the brain reaction pattern information 302 by the distribution of brain waves in the brain at a certain timing. FIG. 4B is a diagram showing an example of brain wave distribution in the brain of the user's head. As shown in FIG. 4B, the brain reaction pattern information 302 may be expressed as a frequency distribution of brain waves or a distribution of brain wave amplitudes measured at various locations in the brain at a certain timing. It may be expressed as an image. The frequency distribution and the amplitude distribution basically differ in the way of distribution. In FIG. 4B, when different hatching is used, the frequency is different or the amplitude is different. In the distribution distribution of the amplitude, the distribution may be divided by the amplitude width, or may be expressed by gradation. In the case of FIG. 4B, the brain reaction pattern information 302 may include an electroencephalogram color contour image for each user in each time period (for example, every second) in the time zone taken for measurement.

  This completes the description of the data used by the authentication device 100.

<Operation>
From here, the operation | movement in the authentication system 1 is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing an exchange related to authentication in the authentication system 1.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the authentication system 1, it is necessary to register the user's brain reaction pattern information in the authentication device 100 as advance preparation for authentication. The user wears the brain reaction detection device 200a and detects an electroencephalogram. The brain reaction detection device 200a transmits brain reaction pattern information for a predetermined time based on the detected brain wave to the authentication device 100 together with identification information for identifying the user for measuring the user who has measured the brain wave. Registration is requested (step S501). Here, the user wearing the brain reaction detection device 200a recalls memories that are impressive to him. Then, the brain reaction detection device 200a detects an electroencephalogram when the user is recalling an impressive memory.

  When the authentication apparatus 100 receives the brain reaction pattern information and the identification information for identifying the user from the brain reaction detection apparatus 200a, the authentication apparatus 100 sets the received identification information for identifying the user as the user identification information 301 and associates it with the user identification information. Then, the brain reaction pattern information is registered as the brain reaction pattern information 302 (step S502).

  On the other hand, when performing authentication, the user is in a place where authentication is performed (for example, where authentication is performed to open the door 400, where the brain reaction detection device 200b associated with the door 400 is provided). The brain reaction detection device 200b is attached. Then, the user recalls a memory that is impressive to the user and is the same as the memory recalled in step S501. The brain reaction detection apparatus 200b detects a brain wave when the user is recalling an impressive memory for a certain period of time. Then, the brain reaction detection device 200b transmits the brain reaction pattern information indicating the brain reaction pattern obtained by the detection, together with identification information for identifying the user indicating the user wearing the brain reaction detection device 200b (step). S503). The identification information may be input by the user using an input console provided on the door 400 or the like. Here, an example in which the brain reaction detection device 20b is provided near the door 400 is shown, but the authentication system 1 can recognize that the brain reaction detection device 200b is associated with the door 400. If configured as described above, the brain reaction detection device 200b may be installed at a remote location away from the door 400 (device or system to be authenticated) for authentication. In this case, the electroencephalogram authentication apparatus 200b may be associated with a plurality of doors (authentication target devices and systems), and at that time, specify where the user performs authentication when performing brain reaction detection. It is good also as composition to do.

  The authentication device 100 performs authentication of the received brain reaction pattern information using the brain reaction pattern information stored in the storage unit 120 associated with the user wearing the brain reaction detection device 200b (step). S504).

  And the authentication apparatus 100 transmits the result information which shows an authentication result to the locking / unlocking apparatus 410 (step S505).

  The locking / unlocking device 410 performs locking / unlocking of the key of the door 400 based on the received result information (step S506).

  The operation of the authentication device 100 that can perform such authentication will be described. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the authentication device 100.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the communication unit 110 receives information, it is determined whether or not the information is a request for registration of brain reaction pattern information (step S601). The determination may be realized, for example, by analyzing header information of received information. Here, the brain reaction pattern information received by the communication unit 110 may be associated with identification information indicating a user indicating which user the brain reaction pattern indicated by the brain reaction pattern information belongs to. Also, environmental information indicating a situation in which an electroencephalogram is detected may be associated. Identification information indicating the user may be input separately.

  When the information received by the communication unit 110 is a request for registration of brain reaction pattern information (YES in step S601), the communication unit 110 transmits the registration request to the control unit 130. The control unit 130 registers the received brain reaction pattern information in the authentication information 300 in association with the identification information indicating the received user together with the brain response pattern information as the user identification information 301. In addition, when the environmental information is also associated with the brain reaction pattern information, the control unit 130 also registers the environmental information in the authentication information 300 (step S602). Thereafter, the authentication device 100 stands by until the communication unit 110 receives the next information (returns to step S601).

  If the information received by the communication unit 110 is not a request for registration of brain reaction pattern information (NO in step S602), it is determined whether the received information is brain reaction pattern information (step S603). ). If the received information is not brain reaction pattern information (NO in step S603), the authentication apparatus 100 waits until the communication unit 110 receives the next information (returns to step S601).

  If the information received by the communication unit 110 is brain reaction pattern information (YES in step S603), the communication unit 110 transmits the received brain reaction pattern information to the control unit 130. Here, the brain response pattern information is associated with identification information indicating a user indicating which user's brain response pattern is the brain response pattern indicated by the brain response pattern information. The acquisition unit 131 acquires the brain reaction pattern information transmitted to the control unit 130 together with identification information indicating the associated user.

  The determination unit 132 specifies user identification information 301 that matches the identification information indicating the user acquired by the acquisition unit 131 with reference to the authentication information 300. And the brain reaction pattern information 302 matched with the specified user identification information 301 is specified (step S604).

  The determination unit 132 obtains a correlation value by correlating the brain reaction pattern indicated by the brain reaction pattern information acquired by the acquisition unit 131 with the brain reaction pattern indicated by the brain reaction pattern information 302 specified in the authentication information 300. Calculate (step S605). The correlation may be, for example, a correlation between images indicated by brain reaction patterns, or a correlation between functions indicating each brain reaction pattern.

  The determination unit 132 determines whether or not the calculated correlation value is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold value (step S606). Here, the threshold value is a threshold value for determining whether or not the user corresponding to the brain reaction pattern indicated by the brain reaction pattern information received by the authentication device 100 is valid. It is a value set by the operator. The threshold value may be set based on an empirical rule. When the authentication apparatus 100 includes a learning unit that accepts and learns whether or not the executed authentication is correct for authentication, the learning unit It may be set.

  If the determination unit 132 determines that the calculated correlation value is greater than or equal to the threshold (YES in step S606), the authentication unit 133 authenticates that the user of the authenticated brain reaction pattern information is valid. , The result information indicating “authentication is possible” is generated. Then, the authentication unit 133 causes the communication unit 110 to transmit the generated result information. The communication unit 110 transmits the result information to a device that uses the authentication result, for example, the locking / unlocking device 410 (step S607), and waits until the next information is received (returns to step S601).

  On the other hand, when the determination unit 132 determines that the calculated correlation value is not equal to or greater than the threshold (NO in step S606), the authentication unit 133 indicates that the user of the authenticated brain reaction pattern information does not have validity. Authenticate and generate result information indicating “authentication not possible”. Then, the authentication unit 133 causes the communication unit 110 to transmit the generated result information. The communication unit 110 transmits the result information to a device that uses the authentication result, for example, the locking / unlocking device 410 (step S608), and waits until the next information is received (returns to step S601).

  The device that uses the authentication result that has received the result information executes processing in accordance with the content indicated by the result information. For example, in the case of the locking / unlocking device 410, if the result information is information indicating “authentication permitted”, the key of the door 400 is unlocked, and if the result information is information indicating “authentication impossible”, the door 400 Do not unlock the key.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the authentication apparatus 100 when the environment information 303 is associated with the authentication information 300. Here, the contents different from the processing shown in FIG. 6 will be described. FIG. 7 differs from the process shown in FIG. 6 in that, in the case of NO in step S601, the processes in steps S701 to S704 are performed before step S603. Therefore, here, the processing for steps S701 to S704 will be described.

  In step S701, the communication unit 110 determines whether the received information is identification information for identifying a user. If the received information is not identification information indicating the user (NO in step S701), the process waits until the next information is received (returns to step S601 in FIG. 6).

  If the received information is identification information indicating a user (YES in step S701), the communication unit 110 transmits the received identification information indicating the user to the control unit 130. The control unit 130 identifies user identification information 301 that matches the received identification information indicating the user with reference to the authentication information 300. Then, the control unit 130 determines whether or not the environment information 303 is associated with the specified user identification information 301 (step S702).

  When the environment information 303 is associated with the user identification information 301 (YES in step S702), the control unit 130 transmits the information indicated by the environment information 303 to the communication unit 110 to the brain reaction detection device 200b. Instruct them to do so. Based on the instruction, the communication unit 110 transmits information indicated by the environment information 303 to the brain reaction detection device 200b (step S703).

  When the environment information 303 is not associated with the user identification information 301 (NO in step S702), the control unit 130 transmits information indicating that there is no environmental information to the communication unit 110 to the brain reaction detection device 200b. Instruct. Based on the instruction, the communication unit 110 transmits information indicating no environmental information to the brain reaction detection device 200b (step S704).

  When the process shown in FIG. 7 is executed, the brain reaction detection device 200b performs a process of transmitting identification information indicating the user before transmitting the detected brain reaction pattern. The brain reaction detection apparatus 200b also has a function of executing processing according to the received environment information. The brain reaction detection apparatus 200b has, for example, an audio output function (for example, a speaker) if the environment information is a music file, and an image output function (for example, an image file or a moving image file). Monitor).

  By performing the processing shown in FIG. 7, the authentication apparatus 100 makes it easy for the user to remember the impressive memories recalled when the brain waves used for authentication are measured in advance when detecting the brain reaction pattern at the time of authentication. Can be provided. This is because in the authentication system 1, the user at the time of authentication can be in a situation close to the user when the brain wave is measured in advance.

  In this way, the authentication system 1 provides an authentication method capable of preventing fraud such as impersonation by using the brain reaction pattern when recalling impressive memories unique to each user as information for authentication. be able to.

  The operation of the authentication device 100 has been described above.

<Summary>
As shown in the above-described embodiment, the authentication device 100 implements an authentication method that should be called memory authentication so as to use the user's memories. The authentication device 100 provides an authentication method in which fraud such as impersonation by other users is unlikely to occur by using the brain waves for authentication that the user is recalling specific memories, that is, memories that are impressive to the user. be able to. This is because memories that are impressive to the user are unique to the user, so other users cannot recognize the content, and they cannot recognize what impression they have, so they cannot produce the same brain waves. .

<Supplement>
It goes without saying that the apparatus according to the above embodiment is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be realized by other methods. Hereinafter, various modifications will be described.

  (1) Although not particularly described in the above embodiment, the authentication device 100 further uses the brain reaction indicated by the brain reaction pattern information transmitted from the brain reaction detection device 200b in order to utilize the characteristics of the invention. It is good also as providing the specific part which specifies the area estimated that the user is recalling the impressive memory from the pattern, and extracts it.

  For example, the specific unit may include a section in which a specific brain reaction pattern appears remarkably (large amplitude) or a section similar to a specific waveform among the brain response patterns indicated by the received brain response pattern information. It may be specified as a section presumed to recall an impressive memory. The specific brain reaction pattern and the specific waveform mentioned here are, for example, the brain when recalling the brain reaction pattern when the user is recalling impressive memories when measuring the brain waves by simulation in advance. It can be specified by comparing the reaction pattern. In the example of FIG. 4 (a), one time zone (a plurality of time zones may be cut out) of the waveform diagram may be cut out and used for authentication, or in the example of FIG. 4 (b). A color contour image when recalling impressive memories from among a plurality of color contour images acquired in a continuous time (may be one or more) It is good also as using only for authentication.

  Moreover, it is good also as not specifying the time direction but specifying whether the specific brain reaction pattern has appeared in the plane direction. Specifically, when using a frequency distribution diagram as shown in FIG. 4B or an amplitude distribution diagram in a certain frequency band as the brain reaction pattern information, Authentication may be performed by limiting an image range in which authentication is used for an image of a region portion (for example, temporal lobe portion).

  And the determination part 132 of the authentication apparatus 100 is good also as taking a correlation with the brain reaction pattern memorize | stored in the memory | storage part 120 using the brain reaction pattern only of the area which the specific | specification part specified. Thereby, the authentication apparatus 100 can further improve the accuracy of authentication using the user's memories by including the specifying unit.

  (2) In the above embodiment, it has been described that the environment information 303 may be registered when the user detects an electroencephalogram. Also, it has been described that the environmental information at that time may be an image or a video presented to the user at the time of detecting a brain reaction, or a voice heard by the user. However, the environment information 303 is not limited to these, and may be information indicating the user's behavior under a predetermined situation.

  The “predetermined situation” here refers to a situation in which a virtual space image provided to the user when measuring an electroencephalogram, for example, a VR (Virtual Reality) image is provided. The information indicating the behavior of the user refers to the user's own behavior in a space in the virtual space video, for example, a VR space provided by the VR video. That is, in this supplement, authentication based on electroencephalograms is performed, and authentication based on correlation of user behavior in the VR space is also performed. Since the behavior of the user in the VR space cannot be recognized by other users, it is possible to provide an authentication system in which impersonation or the like is unlikely to occur.

  In order to realize the configuration, for example, a head-mounted display having a brain reaction detection function can be used as the brain reaction detection device 200b. However, if a brain wave can be detected and an image can be provided, It is not limited to a head mounted display.

  In the authentication system 1, first, at the stage of registering the user's brain wave, the brain reaction detection device allows the user to view the VR video. In the VR video, it is assumed that the user can act on the actual avatar by using a controller connected to the brain reaction detection device.

  The brain reaction detection device records the user's behavior in the VR space and transmits the behavior information to the authentication device 100 together with the brain reaction pattern information. The authentication device 100 registers behavior information as environment information 303 in association with the received brain reaction pattern information. Here, the action information may be information indicating a flow of a series of actions taken by the user in the virtual space. For example, the action information may be used to pick up an item in the virtual space and It may indicate a series of actions such as handing over the picked up item and receiving another item instead.

  On the other hand, even at the time of authentication, the brain reaction detection device provides the same VR space image to the user. The user takes the same action as the action information registered in advance, and the brain reaction detection apparatus transmits the action information taken by the user to the authentication apparatus 100 together with the brain reaction pattern information.

  The determination unit 132 of the authentication device 100 calculates a correlation value between the received behavior information and the behavior information registered in the storage unit 120, and determines whether the correlation value is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. When the authentication unit 133 determines that the correlation value of the behavior information of the determination unit 132 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the authentication unit 133 authenticates that the user is valid, and determines that the user is less than the predetermined threshold. Authenticate that is not legitimate. At this time, the authentication unit 133 also authenticates the electroencephalogram, and if it is authenticated that both the electroencephalogram and the action are valid, it may be “authenticated”, or the electroencephalogram or the action may be valid. It is good also as "authentication possible" when it authenticates that it has property.

  In this case, the authentication apparatus 100 may perform authentication based only on correlation of user behavior in the VR space without performing authentication based on correlation of brain waves. Here, VR video is used, but this is not limited to VR video, and AR (Augmented Reality) video, two-dimensional video, or the like may be used.

  (3) Although the brain reaction detection device 200b and the authentication device 100 have been described as separate devices in the above embodiment, they may be integrally formed. That is, the brain reaction detection device 200b may have a function as the authentication device 100.

  (4) In the above embodiment, the user identification information 301 is stored in association with the brain reaction pattern information 302, and the identification information indicating the user is associated with the brain reaction pattern information at the time of authentication. However, the authentication may be performed without the user identification information 301 and the identification information indicating the user.

  That is, one of the brain reaction pattern information 302 stored in advance and the brain reaction pattern information detected from the user at the time of authentication match like a key and a keyhole, so that authentication can be performed without identifying the user. It may be executed. FIG. 8 shows an operation example of the authentication device 100 in this case. FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example when the authentication apparatus 100 performs authentication without using user identification information.

  As illustrated in FIG. 8, the communication unit 110 of the authentication device 100 receives brain reaction pattern information (step S801). The communication unit 110 transmits the received brain reaction pattern information to the control unit 130.

  For example, the control unit 130 sets the variable i indicating the brain reaction pattern information 302 to be correlated with the transmitted brain reaction pattern information to 1 for convenience (step S802). The variable i is a variable used for specifying one of the plurality of brain reaction pattern information 302.

  The control unit 130 calculates a correlation value between the transmitted brain reaction pattern information and the i-th brain reaction pattern information 302 in the authentication information 300 (step S804). Then, the control unit 130 determines whether or not correlation values with all the brain reaction pattern information 302 have been obtained. That is, it is determined whether or not the variable i is the same as the total number of authentication information 300. When the correlation values with all the brain reaction pattern information 302 are taken (YES in step S804), the control unit 130 proceeds to step S806, and when not taking (NO in step S804), step The process proceeds to S805.

  In step S805, the control unit 130 increments the variable i and proceeds to the process of step S803.

  In step S806, the control unit 130 specifies the highest correlation value among the calculated correlation values (step S806). Then, it is determined whether or not the identified correlation value exceeds a predetermined threshold (step S807).

  If the predetermined threshold is exceeded (YES in step S807), the control unit 130 generates result information indicating that authentication is possible, causes the communication unit 110 to transmit the result information (step S808), and ends the process. If the predetermined threshold is not exceeded (NO in step S807), the control unit 130 generates result information indicating that authentication is impossible, causes the communication unit 110 to transmit the result information (step S809), and ends the process.

  With such a method, the authentication apparatus 100 can also perform authentication without the user identification information 301. Although an example of authentication using the correlation value is shown here, the authentication method is not limited to this. For example, the brain reaction pattern information 302 stored in the authentication information 300 and the brain reaction pattern information when recalling specific memories detected from the user at the time of authentication are used to obtain a predetermined value using a specific function. And the authentication may be performed according to whether the predetermined value is a value indicating that authentication is possible or not.

  (5) In the above embodiment, information related to the brain wave when recalling impressive memories (brain reaction pattern, brain wave frequency distribution, brain wave amplitude distribution, etc.) is used for authentication. However, in addition to these, the following authentication may be performed.

  For example, the brain wave when recalling an impressive memory is measured, and the brain wave is visualized (imaged) using, for example, fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and used as authentication information. It's okay. In this case, at the time of authentication, the authentication apparatus 100 images the brain wave measured by the user in the same manner, and compares the image created at the time of authentication with the image prepared by visualizing the brain wave prepared in advance. If the correlation value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it may be determined that the user has been successfully authenticated.

  Here, the brain wave when the user's impressive memories are recalled is visualized. For example, this is shown by showing a certain image to the user and using the image as authentication information in advance. Remember. Then, at the time of authentication, the user recalls the image shown, and the authentication device 100 performs authentication by comparing the image visualized from the electroencephalogram measured at that time with the image shown in advance. Also good. As described above, the authentication system can also use an image obtained by visualizing an electroencephalogram for authentication.

  (6) In the above embodiment, as an authentication method using an electroencephalogram when the user recalls impressive memories by the authentication system, authentication is performed by the processor of the authentication device 100 executing an authentication program or the like. However, in the authentication apparatus 100, this may be realized by a logic circuit (hardware) or a dedicated circuit formed in an integrated circuit (IC (Integrated Circuit) chip, LSI (Large Scale Integration)) or the like. These circuits may be realized by one or a plurality of integrated circuits, and the functions of the plurality of functional units described in the above embodiments may be realized by a single integrated circuit. An LSI may be called a VLSI, a super LSI, an ultra LSI, or the like depending on the degree of integration. That is, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the authentication device 100 may include a communication circuit 110a, a storage circuit 120a, a control circuit 130a including an acquisition circuit 131a, a determination circuit 132a, and an authentication circuit 133a. Each circuit of the authentication device 100 may function in the same manner as each functional unit having the same name shown in the above embodiment.

  The authentication program may be recorded on a processor-readable recording medium, and the recording medium may be a “non-temporary tangible medium” such as a tape, a disk, a card, a semiconductor memory, a programmable logic circuit. Etc. can be used. The authentication program may be supplied to the processor via an arbitrary transmission medium (such as a communication network or a broadcast wave) that can transmit the authentication program. The present invention can also be realized in the form of a data signal embedded in a carrier wave, in which the authentication program is embodied by electronic transmission.

  The authentication program can be implemented using, for example, a script language such as ActionScript or JavaScript (registered trademark), an object-oriented programming language such as Objective-C or Java (registered trademark), or a markup language such as HTML5.

  (7) The examples shown in the above embodiment and the configurations shown in <Supplement> may be combined as appropriate. Further, the operations in the authentication apparatus 100 may be changed in order of execution or may be executed in parallel within a range where matching can be achieved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Authentication apparatus 110 Communication part 120 Storage part 130 Control part 131 Acquisition part 132 Determination part 133 Authentication part 140 Bus 200a, 200b Brain reaction detection apparatus 350 Network

Claims (10)

An authentication device for performing authentication,
A communication unit that performs communication with an external device via a network;
A storage unit for storing a brain reaction pattern obtained by measurement when the user is recalling a specific memory;
A control unit,
The controller is
An acquisition unit for acquiring the user's brain reaction pattern from the external device in a state in which the user is recalling a specific memory at the time of authentication;
A determination unit that determines whether or not there is a certain correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit and the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage unit;
An authentication unit that performs authentication based on the determination of the determination unit;
An authentication device comprising: The brain response pattern stored in the storage unit is a brain response pattern when the user is recalling a specific memory, and is a brain response pattern measured in a specific environment,
The authentication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition unit acquires a brain reaction pattern of the user under the specific environment. The authentication apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the specific environment is a state where the user is viewing a specific image. The authentication apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the specific environment is a state in which the user is listening to a specific sound. A storage unit for storing behavior information indicating the behavior of the user in the virtual space;
A providing unit that provides the same virtual space as the virtual space;
A determination unit that determines whether or not there is a certain level of correlation between the behavior of the user in the virtual space provided by the providing unit and the behavior indicated by the behavior information;
An authentication unit that performs authentication based on the determination of the determination unit;
An authentication device comprising: The storage unit further stores the user's brain reaction pattern when the action indicated by the action information is taken,
The authentication device further includes an acquisition unit that acquires a brain reaction pattern at the time of user's action in the virtual space provided by the providing unit,
The determination unit further determines whether or not there is a certain correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired by the acquisition unit and the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage unit,
The authentication apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the determination unit further performs authentication based on determination of the brain reaction pattern. A storage step of pre-stored brain response patterns obtained by measurement when the user is recalling a specific memory;
An acquisition step of acquiring the user's brain reaction pattern in a state in which the user is recalling a specific memory at the time of authentication;
A determination step of determining whether or not there is a certain correlation between the brain reaction pattern acquired in the acquisition step and the brain reaction pattern stored in the storage step;
An authentication step for performing authentication based on the determination in the determination step;
An authentication method that includes: On the computer,
A memory function that pre-stores brain response patterns obtained by measurement when the user is recalling a specific memory;
An acquisition function for acquiring the user's brain reaction pattern in a state in which the user is recalling a specific memory at the time of authentication;
A determination function for determining whether or not there is a certain correlation between the brain response pattern acquired by the acquisition function and the brain response pattern stored by the memory function;
An authentication function for performing authentication based on the determination by the determination function;
An authentication program that realizes A storage step for storing behavior information indicating the behavior of the user in the virtual space;
Providing a virtual space identical to the virtual space;
A determination step of determining whether or not there is a certain level of correlation between the behavior of the user in the virtual space provided in the providing step and the behavior indicated by the behavior information;
An authentication step for performing authentication based on the determination in the determination step;
An authentication method that includes: A storage function for storing behavior information indicating the behavior of the user in the virtual space;
A providing function for providing the same virtual space as the virtual space;
A determination function for determining whether or not there is a certain level of correlation between the user behavior in the virtual space provided by the providing function and the behavior indicated by the behavior information;
An authentication function for performing authentication based on the determination of the determination function;
An authentication program that realizes

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