JP2018188954A - Acoustic absorption body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an acoustic absorption body having a different structure from conventional one capable of acquiring a higher acoustic absorption coefficient in a range of wider frequency.SOLUTION: An acoustic absorption body 1 is provided in which one or a plurality of unit acoustic absorption devices 2 are arranged adjacent through a linear aperture in a ceiling plane etc facing to a space 100. A vertical cavity 4 in communication with the aperture 102 and a horizontal cavity 5 extending in the side of the vertical cavity 4 are provided. A flow resistance member 3 is arranged at the border between the horizontal cavity 5 and the vertical cavity 4. The horizontal cavity 5 is formed surrounded by a space surface member 11 situated in a space side, a mounting side surface member 12 situated in a mounting side to the ceiling plane etc and a rib 13 connecting both surface members.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a sound absorbing structure. More specifically, one unit sound absorber is provided through an opening in at least one of a ceiling surface facing the space, a wall surface or a floor surface, and a structure installed in the space (hereinafter referred to as “ceiling surface etc.”). The present invention relates to one or more adjacent sound absorbing structures.

  When a linear opening, for example, a short slit as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, is provided, in order to improve sound absorption performance in a wider frequency range than the frequency characteristic determined by the width of the slit, a hole provided with a slit is provided. It is common to place a porous sound-absorbing material behind the plate.

  On the other hand, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, in the sound absorbing structure using the Helmholtz resonator, a very narrow gap is provided as the opening of the resonator. Since no sound absorbing material is provided, the sound absorption rate is high only in a narrow frequency band, and depending on the frequency component of the sound, the sound absorption rate may be low.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-102729

Editor Japan Acoustical Materials Association “Sound Absorbing Materials” Issuing Office Gihodo Publishing Co., Ltd. p67-68

  In view of such a conventional situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a sound absorbing structure having a structure different from the above and capable of obtaining a high sound absorption coefficient in a wide frequency range.

  In order to achieve the above object, the sound absorbing structure according to the present invention is characterized in that one or more unit sound absorbers are adjacent to each other through the opening in the above-described ceiling surface or the like and communicated with the opening. A vertical cavity and a lateral cavity extending to the side of the longitudinal cavity are provided, and a flow resistance material is provided at the boundary between each lateral cavity and the longitudinal cavity. According to experiments by the inventors using the same configuration, a high sound absorption coefficient was obtained in a wide frequency range with a structure different from that of the above-described conventional one.

  In constructing this sound absorbing structure, the horizontal cavity is formed by being surrounded by a space side member located on the space side, a mounting side member located on the attachment side to the ceiling surface, etc., and a rib connecting these both side members. Good.

  In addition, by providing an end projecting portion in the vicinity of the opening of the space side member toward the mounting side member, the flow resistance member is not detached and cannot be seen from the outside, so that the design is improved. Furthermore, the position of the flow resistance material is stabilized by providing an intermediate protrusion that prevents the flow resistance material from entering the ridge on the opposing surface of at least one of the space side material and the mounting side material.

According to the inventors' experiment, it is desirable that the bulk density of the flow resistance material is 24 to 150 kg / m ³ . A pair of the horizontal cavities may be provided in the unit sound absorber, and the vertical cavities may be positioned between the pair of horizontal cavities and may have the mounting side material as a bottom.

  At the time of construction, each horizontal cavity of a pair of adjacent unit sound absorbers is incorporated into the same unit member by the rib, the space side member, and the mounting side member, and a plurality of unit members are arranged between the unit members. A vertical cavity may be formed. In this case, the unit sound absorbers can be continued at a constant pitch.

  On the other hand, the said horizontal cavity and the said vertical cavity in one unit sound absorber may be continuously integrated in the same single member by the said attachment side material, and this unit member may be arranged in multiple numbers. According to this configuration, the unit sound absorbers can be arranged at a variable pitch. In this case, a ceiling material may be attached between the space side members on the side of the opening between adjacent single sound absorbers. More specifically, the mounting portion provided along the longitudinal direction of the linear opening at the intermediate portion of the mounting side surface material, and the mounting portion on the edge receiver at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the groove. It is good to equip with the fixture which can be attached, and this fixture can be attached in the longitudinal direction arbitrary position of the field edge receptacle.

  Further, the flow resistance material may not be provided in some unit sound absorbers. That is, by not providing one or both of the flow resistance members in some unit sound absorbers, it is possible to reduce the sound absorption effect in the part and adjust the reflection in the space.

According to the characteristics of the sound absorbing structure according to the present invention, a high sound absorption rate can be obtained in a wide frequency range with a structure different from the conventional structure.
Other objects, configurations, and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following embodiments of the present invention.

1A and 1B show a sound absorbing structure according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view of a unit member, and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view of a ceiling structure formed by arranging a plurality of unit members of FIG. (A) is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 1, (b) is a bottom view of a ceiling surface. It is a partial expanded sectional view of FIG.1 (b). FIG. 3A is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 3 illustrating a third embodiment of the present invention. 4A and 4B show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a longitudinal sectional view showing an attached state, FIG. 4B is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 4A, and FIG. is there. FIG. 5A is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5A showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the sound-absorbing body structure for confirming the effect of a flow resistance material by experiment, (b) is a partial exploded view of (a). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the sound absorption structure of the comparative example used for experiment. It is a graph of the experimental result which shows the effect of this invention.

  Next, the sound absorbing structure according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate. In the following embodiment, a sound absorbing structure that is housed through an opening in a ceiling surface facing a space will be described.

  First, the basic configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Each member may be constituted by an aluminum embossing material or the like continuous in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, or may be constituted by bending a steel plate, molding a flame retardant material, or the like. The sound absorbing structure 1 includes a plurality of unit members 7, and the unit member 7 includes a frame 10, a mounting portion 20, an insertion portion 22, and a flow resistance material 3 such as glass wool installed inside the frame 10. The Each member constituting the sound absorbing structure 1 is continuous in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 and FIG.

  The frame 10 includes a space side member 11 that faces the space 100, a mounting side member 12 that is positioned on the base structure side of the ceiling that is the mounting side, and a rib 13 that connects them. Further, in order to fix the flow resistance member 3 to the frame 10, the space side member 11 has a first end protrusion 11 a and a first middle protrusion 11 b, and the attachment side member 12 has a second end protrusion 12 a and a second end protrusion 12 a. A middle protrusion 12b is provided.

  Since the lower surface of the space side member 11 faces the space 100, it has a decorative finish. By providing the first end protruding portion 11a, the flow resistance material 3 is not seen even if it is looked up from the space 100 side, and is configured to be held.

  A field edge 40 to which the unit member 7 is attached is fixed to a field edge receiver 41 with a field edge clip 42, and each field edge receiver 41 is supported by a hanging bolt 44 by a hanger 43 to form a ceiling structure. The unit member 7 is fixed to the field edge 40 with a screw 30 by the mounting portion 20, and the sound absorbing structure 1 in which the unit sound absorbers 2 are continuously arranged is formed by inserting the insertion portion 22 into the recess 21 of the adjacent unit member. The

That is, one unit sound absorber 2 is formed between the ribs 13 and 13 between the pair of adjacent unit members 7 and 7, and the opening 102 between the space side members 11 and 11 is an inlet of the Helmholtz resonator. A vertical cavity 4 communicating with the opening 102 and a pair of horizontal cavities 5 and 5 extending on both sides of the vertical cavity are provided. Of each horizontal cavity 5 and 5, a portion facing the vertical cavity 4 (the vertical cavity 4 and the horizontal cavity 4). The flow resistance members 3 and 3 are provided to face each other at the boundary of the cavity 5. A space between the first end protruding portion 11a and the second end protruding portion 12a serving as a boundary portion between the vertical cavity 4 and the horizontal cavity 5 is an inner opening 6, which is formed wider than the previous opening 102, whereby the opening 102 is formed into a Helmholtz resonator. Acts as an entrance. The same applies to other embodiments described below.
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The same members as those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

  The second embodiment shown in FIG. 4A shows a construction example on an oblique ceiling in which the field edges 40 are arranged obliquely. The ribs 13 are vertical, but the space side members 11 and the attachment side members 12 are inclined along the ceiling surface. In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4B, in the unit sound absorber 2, only one flow resistance material 3, vertical cavity 4 and horizontal cavity 5 are provided. The vertical cavity 4 is formed between the rib 13 of the adjacent unit members 7 and 7 and the horizontal cavity 5.

  In the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the unit sound absorber 2 is housed in one frame 10 and provided on the ceiling with a plurality of unit sound absorbers 2 and 2 being separated. A unit in which a unit sound absorber 2 having one vertical cavity 4, a pair of horizontal cavities 5, 5 and a pair of flow resistance members 3, 3 is housed in one frame 10 is attached to a field receiver 41. A ceiling surface 101 having an opening 102 is formed between the unit sound absorbers 2 and 2 by fixing the ceiling plate 46 to the space side member 11.

  A mounting portion 14 having a groove 14a provided with a pair of upper flanges is provided along the longitudinal direction at the center upper portion of each frame 10, and the head of the bolt 32 of the fixture 31 is locked in the groove 14a. It is slidable in the longitudinal direction in the state. A locking portion 24 having a U-shaped cross section of the mounting member 23 is locked at an arbitrary position of the field edge receiver 41 and fixed with a screw 30. Then, the bolt 32 is passed through the through holes of the pair of flanges 25, 25 projecting laterally from the lower end of the locking portion 24 and the washer 34 and fastened with the nut 33, and fixed to an arbitrary position of the field receiver 41. To do. According to this structure, a field edge is not required, and the unit sound absorber 2 can be arranged as appropriate, and the degree of freedom in design is improved.

  Next, experimental examples of the present invention will be shown. FIG. 7 shows the sound absorbing structure 1 used in the experiment, in which the opening 102 of each unit sound absorber 2 is continuous within 3.6 m in the vertical direction, and 21 unit sound absorbers 2 are accommodated in 3.675 m on the horizontal side. ing. FIG. 4B is an exploded view of FIG. 2A, in which a pair of lip-attached channel members 203 and 203 are arranged back-to-back on a continuous attachment-side member 202 and a space-side member 201 is covered, and a pair of angles. The material 204 is fixed.

In the experiment, two or one (only FR4) of the above-described flow resistance members 3 are arranged in the portions indicated by FR1 to FR4. The flow resistance material used in the experiment was bulk specific gravity (unit: kg / m ³ ), FR1 was 96, FR2 was 32, FR3 was 96, and FR4 was 96, and the thickness was 25 mm.

  FIG. 8 is a comparative example in the experiment. This sound absorbing structure 501 is shown in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, and is formed so as to be narrower than the sound introducing portion 511 through the unit sound absorbing device 502 and the sound introducing portion 511 and function as an inlet of the Helmholtz resonator ( A gap) 512 and a cavity 513 are provided.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing experimental results. As for the FR1 which is the result of the present invention, in addition to the fact that there is no FR and there is a clear difference compared with the comparative example of FIG. 8, the FR3 arranged at the side of the lateral cavity 5 flows immediately after the opening described in the prior art. Even when compared with FR4 provided with a resistance material, it has been found that a high sound absorption coefficient can be obtained in a wide frequency range. As for FR2 carried out for reference, it is presumed that FR4 has the same tendency because the performance is lowered overall by lowering the bulk specific gravity of glass wool. Moreover, the superiority of the configuration of the present invention can also be seen from the fact that FR2 is superior to FR4 having a high bulk specific gravity at 400-630 Hz, which is an important audible range such as human speech. Incidentally, the bulk specific gravity of the flow resistance member may be changed as appropriate depending on the site, but according to the experiments of the inventors, the bulk specific gravity of the flow resistance member is practicable with 25kg / m ³ ~150kg / m ³ It was confirmed.

  Further embodiments of the present invention will be listed. The above embodiments and the following embodiments can be implemented in combination with each other. For example, the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4B may be applied to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, in the unit member 7 (unit sound absorber 2), only one flow resistance material 3, one vertical cavity 4 and one horizontal cavity 5 are provided. You may make it surround with the rib to provide. The ceiling plate 46 may be provided between the space side member 11 and the flange 13a.

  The arrangement, material, and dimensional ratio of the opening 102, the inner opening 6, the vertical cavity 4, the horizontal cavity 5, and the flow resistance material 3 can be changed as appropriate, and may be determined according to the required sound absorbing performance. The flow resistance material 3 may be a porous material other than glass wool. For example, polyester wool, rock wool, an aluminum fiber sound absorbing material, or the like can be used.

  By not providing one or both of the flow resistance members 3 in some of the unit sound absorbers 2, it is possible to reduce the sound absorption effect in the part and adjust the reflection in the space. Therefore, in the finishing material of the same design that constitutes the sound absorbing structure 1, it is possible to selectively use the sound absorbing surface and the reflecting surface.

  In the said embodiment, although the ceiling surface was illustrated, you may implement in at least any one of the structure installed in a wall surface or a floor surface, and space.

  In the above embodiment, in order to fix the flow resistance member 3 to the frame 10, the space side member 11 has the first end protrusion 11 a and the first middle protrusion 11 b, and the mounting side member 12 has the second end protrusion 12 a. The second middle projecting portion 12b is provided. However, if the flow resistance material 3 is stable, the first middle protrusion 11b may be omitted, and either the second end protrusion 12a or the second middle protrusion 12b may be omitted.

  In the above embodiment, the opening 102 is implemented as a linear opening that is continuous in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIGS. However, you may implement this invention about the opening provided intermittently instead of continuing in the paper surface perpendicular | vertical direction of FIG. Moreover, it is also possible to implement in the ceiling etc. in which the opening 102 was provided as a curved opening in the bottom view.

  In the said embodiment, although the sound-absorbing structure 1 was incorporated in the ceiling surface etc., you may use these sound-absorbing structures 1 independently. For example, the unit sound absorber 2 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be installed alone in an arbitrary part of the room. In this case, the flange 13a and the attachment portion need not be provided.

  The sound absorbing structure according to the present invention is effective in reducing the sound pressure level in a space where a loud sound is generated, such as a subway. In places where many people gather, such as station concourses and stores, there is an effect of reducing noise and clarifying guidance broadcasting and emergency guidance broadcasting.

  1: Sound absorbing structure, 2: Unit sound absorber, 3: Flow resistance material, 4: Vertical cavity, 5: Horizontal cavity, 6: Inner opening, 7: Unit member, 10: Frame, 11: Space side material, 11a: First end projecting portion, 11b: first middle projecting portion, 12: mounting side surface material, 12a: second end projecting portion, 12b: second middle projecting portion, 13: rib, 13a: flange, 14: mounting portion, 14a : Groove, 20: mounting portion, 21: recessed portion, 22: insertion portion, 23: mounting member, 24: locking portion, 25: flange, 30: screw, 31: mounting tool, 32: bolt, 33: nut, 34: Washer, 40: Field edge, 41: Field edge receiver, 42: Field edge clip, 43: Hanger, 44: Hanging bolt, 46: Ceiling board, 100: Space, 101: Ceiling surface, 102: Opening, 201: Space side member, 202: Mounting side member, 203: Channel material with lip, 20 : Angle member, 501: sound absorbing structure 502: unit sound absorber, 511: sound introduction, 512: opening (gap), 513: cavity

Claims (11)

One or more unit sound absorbers are adjacent to each other through an opening in at least one of a ceiling surface, a wall surface or a floor surface facing the space, and a structure installed in the space (hereinafter referred to as “ceiling surface”). A sound absorbing structure
A sound-absorbing structure comprising a vertical cavity communicating with the opening and a horizontal cavity extending to the side of the vertical cavity, and a flow resistance material provided at a boundary between the horizontal cavity and the vertical cavity. 2. The horizontal cavity is formed by being surrounded by a space side member located on the space side, an attachment side member located on the attachment side to the ceiling surface, and a rib connecting these both side members. Sound absorption structure. The sound absorbing structure according to claim 2, wherein an end projecting portion is provided in the vicinity of the opening of the space side member toward the attachment side member. 4. The sound absorbing structure according to claim 2, wherein a middle projecting portion for preventing the flow resistance material from entering the bag is provided on at least one of the space side material and the mounting side material. The sound absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a bulk density of the flow resistance material is 24 to 150 kg / m ³ . 6. The sound absorbing device according to claim 2, wherein a pair of the horizontal cavities are provided in the unit sound absorber, and the vertical cavities are located between the pair of horizontal cavities and have the mounting side surface as a bottom. Structure. Each horizontal cavity of a pair of adjacent unit sound absorbers is incorporated into the same unit member by the rib, the space side member, and the mounting side member, and a plurality of unit members are arranged to form the vertical cavity between the unit members. The sound absorbing structure according to claim 6. The sound absorbing device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the horizontal cavity and the vertical cavity in one unit sound absorber are continuously incorporated in the same single member by the mounting side member, and a plurality of the unit members are arranged. Structure. The sound absorbing structure according to claim 8, wherein a ceiling member is attached between the space side members on the side of the opening between adjacent single sound absorbers. A mounting portion provided along the longitudinal direction of the linear opening in the intermediate portion of the mounting side surface material, and a mounting tool capable of mounting the mounting portion on the edge receiver at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the groove. The sound-absorbing structure according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the attachment is attachable to an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the field receiver. The sound absorbing structure according to claim 1, wherein the flow resistance member is not provided in some unit sound absorbers.

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