JP2018184979A - Rolling bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling bearing capable of preventing leakage and the like of a lubricant to the external, and elongating a service life, with respect to the rolling bearing provided with a bristle member on a seal member.SOLUTION: A rolling bearing 1' includes an inner ring 2 and an outer ring 3 as raceway rings, a plurality of rolling elements 4 disposed between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3, a retainer 5 retaining the rolling elements 4, seal members 12a, 12b disposed on axial both end opening portions of the inner and outer rings, and a lubricant supplied to or sealed in a bearing inner space. The seal member 12a is caulked and fixed to the outer ring 3, and a lubricant holding member 6 composed of a fiber material or a porous material is adhered and fixed to at least a surface at a bearing inner space side, of the seal member 12a to cover a tolerance portion 12c of the bearing inner/outer ring shoulder portion and the seal member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a rolling bearing lubricated with lubricating oil or grease.

  A rolling bearing is generally composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. In order to prevent the entry of foreign matter from the outside or to prevent the lubricant enclosed inside from flowing out, a seal member may be provided at the opening end. The inside of the bearing is lubricated with a lubricant such as oil or grease, and various measures have been taken to improve the lubrication characteristics of the bearing (longer life, lower torque, etc.).

  For example, Patent Document 1 has been proposed as a technique for improving the lubricant retention and reducing the rotational torque of the bearing. In Patent Document 1, by providing a member (planted body) formed by flocking fibers at a predetermined site in a rolling bearing, grease and lubricating oil are held at the lubricated site, and stirring and shearing of the grease are suppressed. Thus, a low torque and a long life are realized (see Patent Document 1).

JP-A-2015-194256

  With the technique of Patent Document 1, it is possible to reduce the lubrication life and torque without greatly changing the grease type and the amount of grease charged from the existing product. In addition, by providing a flocked body on the surface of the seal member, a special structure or the like is not required. However, in the case where the lubricating oil leaks in the path from the flocked body to the rolling surface, even if it is very slight, it becomes a big difference in long-time use, and there is a possibility that the life extension is hindered.

  The present invention has been made to address such problems, and provides a rolling bearing capable of preventing leakage of lubricating oil to the outside and having a long life in a rolling bearing having a flocked body provided on a seal member. The purpose is to do.

  The rolling bearing according to the present invention includes an inner ring and an outer ring that are raceways, a plurality of rolling elements interposed between the inner and outer rings, a cage that holds the rolling elements, and openings in both axial directions of the inner ring and the outer ring. A rolling bearing comprising a seal member provided on the inner ring and a lubricant supplied or enclosed in the bearing inner space, wherein the seal member is fixed by crimping to the outer ring or the inner ring. Alternatively, a lubricant holding member made of a fiber material or a porous material is bonded and fixed at least to the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member so as to cover the intersection between the shoulder portion of the outer ring and the seal member.

  The lubricant holding member is fixed over the shoulder portion surface of the inner ring or the outer ring beyond the tolerance portion from the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member.

  The lubricant holding member is fixed to at least one surface selected from an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface of the cage. In particular, the lubricant holding member is fixed to a portion excluding a region facing the non-track portion of the raceway on at least one surface selected from an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface of the cage. Features.

  The lubricant holding member is a flocked body made of a fiber material.

  The rolling bearing according to the present invention includes an inner ring and an outer ring that are raceways, a plurality of rolling elements interposed between the inner and outer rings, a cage that holds the rolling elements, and axial end openings of the inner ring and the outer ring. A seal member provided and a lubricant to be supplied or sealed in the bearing inner space, the seal member is caulked and fixed to the outer ring or the inner ring, and an intersection between the shoulder portion of the inner and outer rings and the seal member is provided. Since a lubricant holding member made of a fiber material or a porous material is bonded and fixed to at least the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member so as to cover, leakage of grease and lubricating oil from the caulking portion of the seal member And the lubricant can be retained inside the bearing for a long period of time. As a result, the rolling bearing has a long life.

  In particular, since the lubricant holding member is fixed over the shoulder surface of the inner ring or the outer ring beyond the tolerance part from the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member, the seal member has a swaged part (inlet is the tolerance part). It is easy to supply the lubricant held on the lubricant holding member to the rolling surface while preventing leakage of the lubricant.

  In addition, the lubricant holding member is provided on the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the cage and partially in contact with the rolling element, but not provided in the region facing the non-race portion of the race, so that the lubricating oil is stabilized on the rolling element. Can be supplied and torque increase can be suppressed.

  In addition, since the lubricant holding member is a flocked body made of a fiber material, it is easy to hold grease and lubricating oil, and it is difficult to increase the torque when it comes into contact with other members.

It is a partial cross section figure of the rolling bearing which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is a partial perspective view which shows one form of a holder | retainer. It is a partial cross section figure of the rolling bearing which concerns on the other Example of this invention. It is a partial cross section figure of the rolling bearing which concerns on the other Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change of the residual amount of oil in the bearing. It is a partial cross section figure of the rolling bearing of a comparative example.

  An example of the rolling bearing of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a deep groove ball bearing incorporating a crown-shaped resin cage and a seal member as a rolling bearing of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the rolling bearing 1, an inner ring 2 having a rolling surface 2a on the outer peripheral surface and an outer ring 3 having a rolling surface 3a on the inner peripheral surface are arranged concentrically. A plurality of rolling elements 4 are disposed between the rolling surface 2a of the inner ring and the rolling surface 3a of the outer ring. The plurality of rolling elements 4 are held by a crown-shaped cage 5. Further, the rolling bearing 1 includes annular seal members 12a and 12b provided at openings in both axial ends of the inner and outer rings. The opening side of the crown-shaped cage 5 is the sealing member 12a, and the non-opening side of the pocket is the sealing member 12b. Each seal member is swaged and fixed to the outer ring 3 by a swaged portion 13. The inner ring 2, the outer ring 3, the cage 5, and the seal members 12 a and 12 b constitute a bearing inner space (inside the bearing), and lubrication is performed by grease or lubricating oil that is a lubricant held in the space.

  In the rolling bearing 1, a lubricant holding member 6 made of a fiber material or a porous material is bonded and fixed to the surface in the bearing inner space of the seal member 12 a so as to cover the intersection 12 c between the shoulder portion of the inner and outer rings of the bearing and the seal member. Has been. In the tolerance portion 12c, lubricating oil or the like may leak through a minute gap between the outer ring and the seal member due to a capillary phenomenon. This tolerance portion 12c (boundary portion between the outer ring 3 on the bearing inner space side and the seal member 12a) is an end portion on the bearing inner space side of the caulking portion 13, and a lubricant holding member so as to cover the tolerance portion 12c. By providing 6, leakage of lubricating oil or the like can be suppressed. In addition, in the form of FIG. 1, although the lubricant holding member 6 is provided in the radial direction whole range of the seal member 12a, it is good also as a form provided in a part of radial direction (refer FIG. 4 etc.). Similarly, the circumferential direction can be provided in the entire circumferential range or a partial range.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the crown-shaped cage 5, the distance between the seal member 12a on the pocket opening side and the seal member 12b on the non-pocket opening side is different, and the distance between the sealing member 12b on the non-pocket opening side Is close and the gap is small. In order to increase the amount of lubricant retained inside the bearing, it is considered preferable to provide a lubricant retaining member uniformly on both seal members. However, as described above, since the gap between the seal member on the non-opening side of the pocket and the cage is small, when the lubricant holding member is also provided on this seal member, the lubricant holding member and the cage of the seal member are There is a risk of lubrication oil movement due to interference and contact. In this embodiment, the seal member on the non-pocket opening side is not provided with a lubricant holding member.

  The detail of the holder | retainer 5 is demonstrated based on FIG. FIG. 2A is a partial perspective view of the cage, and FIG. 2B is a development view of the cage. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), a crown-shaped cage 5 is formed on an annular cage body 7 with a plurality of pockets 9 opened on one side in the axial direction to hold rolling elements, and between adjacent pockets. And a groove 11 formed on the opening side of the pocket 9. More specifically, a pair of opposed holding claws 8 are formed on the annular cage body 7 at a constant pitch in the circumferential direction, and the opposed holding claws 8 are bent in a direction approaching each other, A pocket 9 for holding a ball as a rolling element is formed between the holding claws 8. Between the back surfaces of the adjacent holding claws 8 formed at the edges of the adjacent pockets 9, a flat portion 10 is formed as a rising reference surface of the holding claws 8, and a groove portion is formed by the holding claws 8 and the flat portions 10. 11 is configured.

  In the form of FIG. 1, the cage 5 is a rolling element guide type, and the inner and outer diameter surfaces thereof are surfaces that do not come into contact with the race rings (the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cage 5 includes a region 5 a adjacent to the raceway surface 2 a of the inner ring 2 or the raceway surface 3 a of the outer ring 3, a shoulder portion 2 b of the inner ring 2, a shoulder portion 3 b of the outer ring 3, and the like. And a region 5b close to the non-orbital portion (non-orbital surface). On the inner diameter surface of the cage 5, a lubricant holding member 6 is provided in a region 5a close to the raceway surface of the inner ring, and a lubricant is provided in a region 5b facing the shoulder portion 2b of the inner ring 2 which is a non-race portion of the raceway ring. No holding member is provided. Similarly, on the outer diameter surface of the cage 5, a lubricant holding member 6 is provided in a region close to the raceway surface of the outer ring 3, and a lubricant holding member is provided in a region facing the shoulder portion 3 b of the outer ring 3. Not provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the region 5b facing the shoulder portions of the inner and outer rings is located on the non-opening side of the pocket 9 of the cage body 7, and is a region that occupies a certain range in the axial direction and continues in the circumferential direction. This is a region in a range that partially covers the pocket 9. When the lubricant holding member is provided in the region 5b, the lubricant holding member and the inner ring shoulder portion may slide. By not providing the lubricant holding member in this region 5b, it is possible to prevent an increase in torque due to contact and leakage of lubricating oil through the shoulder and the like to the outside of the bearing.

  Another example of the rolling bearing of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a deep groove ball bearing similar to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, in the rolling bearing 1 ′ of this form, the lubricant retaining member 6 has an outer ring that crosses the intersection 12 c between the bearing inner and outer ring shoulders and the seal member from the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member 12 a. 3 is fixed over the surface of the shoulder 3b. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG. By providing the lubricant holding member continuously up to the shoulder 3b, it is easier to prevent the leakage of the lubricant from the tolerance portion 12c of the seal member 12a. Further, in the lubricant holding member 6, the lubricating oil or the like held by the seal member 12a is transmitted through the shoulder 3b portion, and it becomes easy to supply the lubricating oil or the like to the rolling surface.

  Another example of the rolling bearing of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a deep groove ball bearing similar to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, in this form of rolling bearing 1 '', the lubricant holding member 6 is fixed over the surface of the shoulder 3b of the outer ring 3 over the tolerance 12c from the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member 12a. Has been. Further, the lubricant holding member 6 is fixed only to a part (near the crimped portion) of the surface in the bearing space of the seal member 12a. In this configuration, the amount of lubricant retained by the lubricant retaining member is reduced, but leakage of lubricating oil from the caulking portion can be prevented as in FIG. In addition, by not providing the lubricant holding member up to the non-fixed end portion (inner ring side) of the seal member 12a, the lubricating oil or the like held by the lubricant holding member leaks from the seal gap on the non-fixed end portion side. Can be suppressed.

  The lubricant holding member 6 is a flocked body made of a fiber material or a porous body made of a porous material. These hold part of the grease and lubricating oil sealed in the bearing. The lubricant holding member is capable of supplying lubricating oil (base oil) from the held grease or the like. Grease and lubricating oil can be retained by adhering grease, etc. enclosed in the bearing when the bearing is used. In addition, the entire grease or its base oil is retained (adhered) or impregnated before using the bearing. I can leave it to you.

  As described above, the lubricant holding member is made of a fiber material or a porous material. By using these, the surface area is increased and the retention of grease and lubricating oil is improved. As fiber materials, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyamide resins such as nylon, aromatic polyamide resins, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene succinate, polyester resins such as polybutylene terephthalate, acrylic resins, vinyl chloride, Examples include synthetic resin fibers such as vinylon, inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers and glass fibers, regenerated fibers such as rayon and acetate, and natural fibers such as cotton, silk, hemp, and wool. In addition, as the porous material, foamed synthetic resins such as polyurethane, polystyrene, polyolefin, phenol and polyvinyl chloride, and rubbers such as natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, nitrile rubber, silicon rubber and styrene butadiene rubber. The foam obtained is obtained.

  It is preferable to use a fiber material because the surface irregularities are large and it is easy to retain grease and lubricating oil. A flocked body that is a lubricant holding member made of a fiber material is formed by flocking fibers (short fibers). Fixing is done with an adhesive. As a method for flocking, there are electrostatic flocking and electrostatic flocking, and a known method can be adopted. Electrostatic flocking uses a base material (bearing component) coated with an adhesive as a counter electrode, creates an electrostatic field with a high-voltage electrode, and flies short fibers with its electrostatic attraction force to form a part coated with adhesive. It is a method of raising hair. In addition to this electrostatic attraction force, electrostatic spraying is a method of flocking a forming portion to which an adhesive is applied while forcing short fibers to fly with air. In any flocking method, a drying process and a finishing process are performed after flocking. In addition, the lubricant holding member made of a porous material is provided by bonding and fixing an object formed and processed into a predetermined shape in advance with an adhesive or the like.

  Examples of the adhesive used for adhesive fixing of the lubricant holding member include an adhesive mainly composed of urethane resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyimide resin, silicone resin, and the like. For example, urethane resin solvent adhesive, epoxy resin solvent adhesive, vinyl acetate resin solvent adhesive, acrylic resin emulsion adhesive, acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion adhesive, vinyl acetate emulsion adhesive , Urethane resin emulsion adhesive, epoxy resin emulsion adhesive, polyester emulsion adhesive, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive and the like. These may be used independently and 2 or more types may be used together.

  Among the above fiber materials, it is difficult to cause swelling and dissolution due to oil, is chemically stable, can produce a large amount of homogeneous fibers, and can be obtained at low cost. It is preferable to use it. The shape of the fiber (short fiber) is not particularly limited as long as it does not interfere with other members that adversely affect the bearing function at the location where the lubricant holding member is formed. For example, those having a length of 0.5 to 2.0 mm and a thickness of 0.5 to 50 dtex are preferable, and the density of short fibers of the flocked body is 1 to 40% of the proportion of fibers per planted area. preferable. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the short fiber includes a circular shape and a polygonal shape. By using short fibers with a polygonal cross section, the surface area can be larger than that of short fibers with a circular cross section, making it easier to retain grease and lubricating oil.

  The example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a crown-shaped cage. However, in the rolling bearing of the present invention, a lubricant retaining member is formed in a cage such as a corrugated cage, a ball cage, or a roller cage. It is good. Moreover, about the material of a holder | retainer, arbitrary materials, such as a metal material and a resin material, are employable. The crown-shaped cage shown in FIG. 2 is made of resin. For example, a polyamide resin such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK) resin, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin, thermoplastic polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, nylon 66 resin, nylon 46 resin is used as a resin base material, and carbon fiber, glass fiber, etc. It is manufactured by injection molding using a resin composition containing reinforced fibers and other additives.

  The rolling bearing of the present invention is lubricated with a lubricant (lubricating oil or grease). These lubricants are supplied and sealed in the space between the inner and outer rings, and lubricated by being interposed in the rolling surface. Any lubricating oil can be used without particular limitation as long as it is usually used for rolling bearings. For example, mineral oil such as paraffinic mineral oil and naphthenic mineral oil, polybutene oil, poly-α-olefin oil, hydrocarbon synthetic oil such as alkylbenzene oil and alkylnaphthalene oil, or natural fats and oils, polyol ester oil, phosphate ester oil And non-hydrocarbon synthetic oils such as diester oil, polyglycol oil, silicone oil, polyphenyl ether oil, alkyl diphenyl ether oil, and fluorine oil. These lubricating oils may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  When grease is used as the lubricant, examples of the base oil constituting the grease include the above-described lubricating oil. Further, as the thickening agent constituting the grease, for example, a metallic soap thickener such as aluminum soap, lithium soap, sodium soap, composite lithium soap, composite calcium soap, composite aluminum soap, diurea compound (aliphatic, fatty acid). Cyclic, aromatic diurea, etc.), urea compounds such as polyurea compounds, and fluororesin powders such as PTFE resins. These thickeners may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Known additives can be added to the lubricant as necessary. Examples of additives include extreme pressure agents such as organic zinc compounds and organic molybdenum compounds, antioxidants such as amine-based, phenol-based and sulfur-based compounds, anti-wear agents such as sulfur-based and phosphorus-based compounds, and polyhydric alcohols. Examples include rust preventives such as esters, viscosity index improvers such as polymethacrylate and polystyrene, solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide and graphite, and oily agents such as esters and alcohols.

  As described above, the lubricant holding member may be provided on an essential part of the seal member, and in addition to this, the lubricant holding member can be provided on an arbitrary surface such as a cage or a bearing ring.

Example 6204 A resin crown-shaped cage having the shape of FIGS. 1 and 2 that can be used for a rolling bearing (deep groove ball bearing) was manufactured by injection molding. The resin material is polyamide 66 resin (containing 25% by volume of glass fiber). This cage was incorporated into a 6204 rolling bearing (deep groove ball bearing), 0.45 g of ester oil was sealed as a lubricant, and sealed with a seal member to obtain a test bearing (see FIG. 1). In this embodiment, in the seal member and the cage, an adhesive is applied to the position of the lubricant holding member shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the short fibers of the polyamide 66 resin (fiber length 0.8 mm, A flocked body having a thickness of 3.3 dtex is formed. The obtained test bearing was subjected to the following high-temperature, high-speed life test, and the change with time of the remaining amount of oil in the bearing was examined. The results are shown in FIG.

Comparative Example A rolling bearing shown in FIG. 6 was used as a comparative example. In the rolling bearing 21, a flocked body 23 is bonded and fixed to a cage 25 and a seal member 22. The flocked body 23 is provided away from the intersection 24 between the bearing inner and outer ring shoulders and the seal member. The conditions other than the fixing position of the flocked body in the seal member are all the same as in the example. The obtained test bearing was subjected to the same high-temperature and high-speed life test as in the following example, and the change with time of the remaining amount of oil in the bearing was examined. The results are shown in FIG.

<High-temperature high-speed life test>
Operation was performed at a rotational speed of 10,000 min ⁻¹ under a bearing outer ring outer diameter temperature of 150 ° C., a radial load of 67 N, and an axial load of 67 N. The ester oil, which is a lubricant, is sealed before the bearing operation as described above and is not supplied again. The bearing weight was measured every predetermined time, and the residual amount (g) of oil in the bearing was calculated from comparison with the initial bearing weight.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the example in which the flocked body including the swaged portion of the seal member is provided in the configuration in which the same flocked body is provided is longer than the comparative example that is not provided in the swaged portion. It can be seen that the lubricating oil can be retained inside the bearing.

  The rolling bearing of the present invention can be widely used as a rolling bearing in various applications because it can prevent leakage of lubricating oil to the outside and can have a long life in a rolling bearing having a flocked body provided on a seal member.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rolling bearing 2 Inner ring 3 Outer ring 4 Rolling body 5 Cage 6 Lubricant holding member 7 Cage body 8 Holding claw 9 Pocket 10 Flat part 11 Groove part 12a, 12b Seal member 12c Tolerance part 13 Clamping part

Claims (5)

Inner and outer rings that are raceways, a plurality of rolling elements interposed between the inner and outer rings, a cage that holds the rolling elements, and seal members that are provided at openings in both axial ends of the inner and outer rings A rolling bearing comprising a lubricant supplied or enclosed in the bearing inner space,
The seal member is caulked and fixed to the outer ring or the inner ring, and at least on the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member so as to cover the intersection between the shoulder part of the inner ring or the outer ring and the seal member. A rolling bearing, wherein a lubricant holding member made of a fiber material or a porous material is bonded and fixed.   The rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant holding member is fixed over the shoulder portion surface of the inner ring or the outer ring beyond the tolerance portion from the bearing inner space side surface of the seal member.   The rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant holding member is also fixed to at least one surface selected from an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface of the cage.   The lubricant holding member is fixed to at least one surface selected from an inner diameter surface and an outer diameter surface of the cage except a region facing a non-track portion of the raceway. The rolling bearing according to claim 3.   The rolling bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the lubricant holding member is a flocked body made of a fiber material.