JP2018176329A - Drill abnormality detection system, drill abnormality detection method, boring system and manufacturing method of bored product - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically detect an abnormality of a drill irrespective of a type of a boring machine.SOLUTION: This drill abnormality detection system comprises an oscillation sensor and a signal processing system. The oscillation sensor is attached to a boring machine for rotationally driving a drill, a boring object by the drill or a boring plate attached to the boring object, and directly or indirectly detects the vibration of the drill in rotation. The signal processing system monitors an abnormality in a bore hole formed by the drill by comparing a waveform of a detection signal indicating the vibration of the drill which is detected by the vibration sensor, and a reference waveform corresponding to that in the case that the abnormality does not exist in the bore hole which is formed by the drill.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  An embodiment of the present invention relates to a drill abnormality detection system, a drill abnormality detection method, a drilling system, and a method of manufacturing a workpiece.

  In machining using a drilling machine or a machine tool, it is important to detect tool wear and tear. Therefore, conventionally, various tool abnormality detection methods have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5). For example, as a motor-driven drilling machine, a drill having a function of detecting a drill abnormality by monitoring fluctuations in power and torque is commercially available.

  On the other hand, the drilling operation is shifting from manual work by an operator using a hand-held drill drive to machining by an automatic drilling machine (see, for example, Patent Document 6).

Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-309649 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-027051 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 02-117850 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-274848 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-022252 JP, 2016-175157, A

  In the case of automatically drilling by an automatic drilling machine, as in the case of manual drilling, it is not possible to detect drill defects or wear by feeling or visual recognition of the operator's hand. If drilling is performed using a drill in which an abnormality such as a defect or wear has occurred, it leads to the occurrence of a defect. For this reason, when automatically drilling by an automatic drilling machine, it is desirable to be able to automatically detect not only drilling but also drill abnormalities.

  However, in the case of an automatic drilling machine that is not electrically driven, such as an air-driven automatic drilling machine, it is not always easy to monitor power and torque fluctuations. On the other hand, in the case of providing a drill abnormality detection function in a machine tool such as a machining center or a drilling machine, it is necessary to determine specifications from the design stage of the machine tool. In other words, it is desirable to be able to easily add the abnormality detection function of the tool later in machine tools as well as in automatic drilling machines other than machine tools. It is also useful to be able to operate the anomaly detection function system without using the drilling machine drive source, regardless of whether or not the tool anomaly detection function is added to the drilling machine later.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to enable automatic detection of drill abnormalities regardless of the type of drilling machine.

  A drill abnormality detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a vibration sensor and a signal processing system. The vibration sensor is attached to a drilling machine that rotationally drives a drill, a drilling target to be drilled by the drill or a drilling plate attached to the drilling target, and directly or indirectly detects the vibration of the drill during rotation. The signal processing system compares the waveform of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor with a reference waveform corresponding to a case where there is no abnormality in drilling using the drill. Monitor anomalies in the drilling used.

  A drilling system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-described drill abnormality detection system and the drilling machine.

  In the drill abnormality detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention, rotation is performed using a drilling machine for driving the drill to rotate, a vibration target attached to a drilling target to be drilled by the drill or a drilling plate attached to the drilling target. The step of directly or indirectly detecting the vibration of the drill, the waveform of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor, and the reference waveform corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drill are compared Monitoring the drilling anomalies using the drill by doing.

  In the method of manufacturing a product to be drilled according to an embodiment of the present invention, a drill abnormality is monitored using the drill during rotation according to the above-described drill abnormality detection method, and the drill is driven to rotate by the drill. Manufacturing an article to be drilled by drilling said drilling target.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The functional block diagram which shows the structure of the drilling system provided with the drill abnormality detection system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The front view which shows the structural example of the perforation system shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a top view of the drilling system shown in FIG. 2; The left view which shows the structural example of the 1st traveling mechanism with which the drilling system shown in FIG. 2 is equipped. The right side view which shows the structural example of the 2nd traveling mechanism with which the drilling system shown in FIG. 2 is equipped. The figure which looked at the perforated plate shown in FIG. 2 from the right direction. The graph which shows the example to which rotation speed fell by the defect of a drill. The graph which shows the example which compared the frequency spectrum obtained by giving a fast Fourier transform (FFT: Fast Fourier Transform) with respect to the acceleration signal showing the vibration level of a drill. The flowchart which shows an example of the flow in the case of performing a hole of a workpiece | work with the abnormality monitoring of the drilling | piercing using a drill by the drilling system provided with the drill abnormality detection system shown in FIG.

  A drill abnormality detection system, a drill abnormality detection method, a drilling system, and a method of manufacturing an article to be drilled according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

(Configuration and function of drilling system equipped with a drill abnormality detection system)
1 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of a drilling system provided with a drill abnormality detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of the configuration of the drilling system shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a left side view showing a structural example of the first traveling mechanism provided in the perforation system shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a second traveling mechanism provided in the perforation system shown in FIG. It is a right side view showing an example of structure of.

  The drilling system 1 is a system that automatically performs drilling of a workpiece W to be drilled by machining. In particular, the drilling system 1 has a function of detecting whether or not an abnormality such as a defect or wear or an abnormality such as a positional deviation of the drill from the lower hole has occurred in the drilling of the workpiece W. That is, the drilling system 1 is a system capable of drilling the workpiece W while monitoring abnormalities in the drill itself and drilling abnormalities using the drill.

  To that end, the drilling system 1 comprises a drilling machine 2 and a drill abnormality detection system 3. The drilling machine 2 can be configured by a drilling machine main body 4 which actually holds a drill and drills a workpiece W, and a control device 7 which controls the drilling machine main body 4. On the other hand, the drill abnormality detection system 3 is a system for monitoring an abnormality of the drill and the perforation during the perforation of the work W and detecting whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the perforation using the drill.

  The drilling machine main body 4 is a device that rotationally drives at least a drill. For this reason, the drilling machine main body 4 is provided with a drill head 5 incorporating a rotary drive mechanism for holding and rotating the drill. The drilling machine main body 4 can be provided with an automatic feeding mechanism for carrying out the feeding operation in the tool axis direction of the drill, if necessary.

  In the example shown, the drill body 4 is provided with two drill heads 5 so that holes with two different diameters can be drilled. Each drill head 5 incorporates an air type automatic drive mechanism for performing a feed operation in the tool axis direction of the drill, as well as an air type rotary drive mechanism for rotating the drill.

  Furthermore, the drilling machine main body 4 can be provided with a feed mechanism 6 for moving each drill head 5 itself in the tool axis direction of the drill. In the illustrated example, the feed mechanism 6 is configured using a rack and pinion 6A and a motor 6B for rotating the pinion side of the rack and pinion 6A. The rack is a linear rod with a gear cut, and the pinion is a small diameter circular gear that meshes with the rack.

  Further, the drilling machine main body 4 can be, for example, a self-propelled device capable of traveling in the traveling area by the traveling mechanism 8. In the illustrated example, a structure in which a plurality of long structures W2 are provided on a plate-like part W1 is a work W. Then, the drilling machine main body so that the crawler (infinite track) type first and second traveling mechanisms 8A and 8B configured by a large number of rollers and a chain travel on the upper surface of two adjacent long structures W2 4 is set.

  The long structure W2 has a structure having a web and a flange. And the some position on the web of elongate structure W2 is a perforation | piercing position. For this reason, in order that the web constituting the long structure W2 can be drilled by using a drill, each tool axis direction of the drill is substantially in the thickness direction of the web constituting the long structure W2. A drill body 4 including a drill head 5 is arranged.

  The drive mechanism of the drill, such as the rotary drive mechanism, the feed mechanism, and the traveling mechanism 8 provided in the drilling machine main body 4 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be any of air type, electric type and hydraulic type. Good.

  A perforated plate 9 can be attached to the work W as required. Also in the illustrated example, along the longitudinal direction of the long structure W2, the plate-like perforated plate 9 is attached to the perforated side of the web with a fastening device such as a bolt.

  FIG. 6 is a view of the perforated plate 9 shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from the right.

  As shown in FIG. 6, an arbitrary number of perforated plates 9 can be fixed to the work W with a tightening tool such as a bolt according to the shape of the work W. In the illustrated example, two perforated plates 9 are provided side by side. Each perforation plate 9 is provided with a through hole for guiding in accordance with the perforation position of the work W, and an integrated circuit (IC: Integrated Circuit) tag 10 can be attached.

  In the illustrated example, since the drilling machine main body 4 is configured to be able to reciprocate on the long structure W 2 by the traveling mechanism 8, the IC tag 10 for the forward pass of the drilling machine main body 4 and the drilling machine main body 4 An IC tag 10 for the return path of the above is attached to each perforated plate 9. The IC tag 10 can record desired information necessary for drilling such as identification information (ID information) of each drilling plate 9 and selection information of the drill head 5 used for drilling.

  If the workpiece W is not restricted, the IC tag 10 may be directly attached to the workpiece W instead of the perforated plate 9. Conversely, if the perforated plate 9 is attached to the workpiece W and the IC tag 10 is attached to the perforated plate 9, even if it is difficult to attach the IC tag 10 directly to the workpiece W, the IC tag 10 is Can be placed at a desired position.

  When the IC tag 10 is attached to at least one of the work W and the perforated plate 9, the IC tag reader 11 for reading the information recorded in the IC tag 10 can be attached to the punch main body 4 side. Thereby, the IC tag 10 attached to the workpiece W or the perforated plate 9 can perform automatic control including automatic traveling and perforation of the drilling machine main body 4 using RFID (radio frequency identifier) technology. The RFID is a technology for wirelessly acquiring ID information from an RF tag such as an IC tag in which the ID information is recorded.

  The IC tag reader 11 has a function of reading the information recorded in the IC tag 10 and transferring the information to the control device 7 of the drilling machine main body 4. On the other hand, the control device 7 has a function of controlling the drilling machine main body 4 by outputting a control signal to the drilling machine main body 4. That is, the control device 7 controls the drive of the drill head 5, the drive of the feed mechanism 6, the traveling of the traveling mechanism 8, and the like. When the information recorded in the IC tag 10 is transferred from the IC tag reader 11 to the control device 7, the control device 7 controls the drilling machine main body 4 based on the information transferred from the IC tag reader 11. Configured

  When the drilling machine main body 4 travels by the traveling mechanism 8, it is desirable to reduce the weight of the drilling machine main body 4. Therefore, a part of the control device 7 can be disposed outside the traveling area of the drilling machine main body 4 without mounting the entire control device 7 on the drilling machine main body 4. That is, the main part of the control device 7 which is not necessarily mounted on the drilling machine main body 4 can be installed outside the traveling area of the drilling machine main body 4.

  Therefore, the control device 7 can be configured by the main body 7A installed outside the traveling area and the control signal receiving device 7B mounted on the drilling machine main body 4. Then, by transmitting the control signal from the main body 7A to the control signal receiving device 7B on the side of the drilling machine main body 4, the drilling machine main body 4 can be remotely controlled.

  It is also possible to connect the main unit 7A and the control signal receiving device 7B with a signal cable for transmitting a control signal. However, when the drilling machine main body 4 travels by the traveling mechanism 8, it is possible to transmit the control signal from the main body portion 7A wirelessly to the control signal receiving device 7B by making the signal cable unnecessary. It is desirable from the viewpoint of securing the freedom of movement of the main body 4.

  Therefore, the main unit 7A of the control device 7 can be configured by the storage device 7C, the control signal generation unit 7D, and the wireless device 7E. The storage device 7C and the control signal generation unit 7D can be configured by an electronic circuit such as a computer that has read a program.

  The storage device 7C can store information referred to for generating a control signal of the drilling machine main body 4. As a specific example, information representing the relationship between the ID information of each perforation plate 9 and the perforation position can be stored in the storage device 7C. Then, when the IC tag 10 is attached to the perforated plate 9, if the ID information of the perforated plate 9 is recorded on the IC tag 10, the ID information of the perforated plate 9 even if the perforated position itself is not recorded on the IC tag 10. It is possible to specify the drilling position based on

  As a simple example, when drilling a plurality of holes with a specific diameter arranged in a straight line as shown, the drilling position is one-dimensional position information, ie, the pitch between adjacent holes or It can be expressed as the distance from each reference position to each hole. Therefore, if a table indicating the relationship between the ID information of the perforated plate 9 and the one-dimensional perforated position is stored in the storage device 7C, the perforated position can be identified based on the ID information of the perforated plate 9 .

  The control signal generation unit 7D generates control signals of the drilling machine main body 4 for driving the drill head 5, driving of the feeding mechanism 6, driving of the traveling mechanism 8, etc. And the function of transmitting to the control signal receiver 7B by radio. When generating the control signal, it is possible to refer to the information stored in the storage device 7C.

  As a specific example, if the storage device 7C stores the ID information of each perforated plate 9 and the information representing the relationship between the perforated positions, the control signal generation unit 7D is based on the ID information of the perforated plate 9. The drilling position can then be identified and a control signal of the drilling body 4 can be generated such that drilling is performed at the identified drilling position. In this case, if the ID information of the perforated plate 9 is recorded in the IC tag 10, the control signal generation unit 7D can acquire the ID information of the perforated plate 9 from the IC tag reader 11. Conversely, when the ID information of the perforated plate 9 is not recorded in the IC tag 10 or when the IC tag 10 is not used, the operator operates the input device to control the ID information of the perforated plate 9 as the control signal generator 7D. It may be input to.

  Of course, the control program of the drilling machine main body 4 can be stored in the storage device 7C, and the drilling machine main body 4 can be controlled without using the IC tag 10. Alternatively, the IC tag 10 may be attached to the work W or the perforated plate 9, and the control program of the punching machine main body 4 may be stored in the IC tag 10. In this case, the control program of the drilling machine main body 4 stored in the IC tag 10 can be transferred to the control signal generation unit 7D by the IC tag reader 11.

  On the other hand, the control signal receiving device 7B provided on the side of the drilling machine main body 4 has a function of receiving each control signal of the drilling machine main body 4 wirelessly transmitted from the main body 7A and outputting it to a target device. That is, the components of the drilling machine main body 4 such as the drill head 5, the feeding mechanism 6, and the traveling mechanism 8 can be configured to be driven according to the control signal output from the control signal receiving device 7B. Thereby, the desired operation of the drilling machine main body 4 can be remotely controlled by wireless.

  When the drilling machine main body 4 includes components driven by an air signal or a hydraulic signal, a signal circuit that converts a control signal from an electrical signal to a signal other than an electrical signal such as an air signal or a hydraulic signal It is provided in the drilling machine main body 4. Then, necessary control signals are output to each component of the drilling machine main body 4.

  When performing wireless communication between the main unit 7A of the control device 7 and the control signal receiving device 7B, performing wireless communication also between the IC tag reader 11 and the main unit 7A of the control device 7 It is desirable from the viewpoint of making it unnecessary. Therefore, the IC tag reader 11 can also be configured to read the information recorded in the IC tag 10 and wirelessly transfer the information to the main body 7A of the control device 7. In that case, the IC tag reader 11 is also provided with the wireless device 11A.

  On the other hand, the drill abnormality detection system 3 is a system for detecting an abnormality such as a defect or wear of a drill held by each drill head 5 of the drilling machine main body 4 and an abnormality such as a positional deviation from a lower hole of the drill. . The drill abnormality detection system 3 can be configured using the vibration sensor 12, the rotation speed sensor 13, the signal processing system 14, the wireless device 15, the input device 16, and the display device 17. Note that one of the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 may be omitted according to the detection target of the abnormality.

  The vibration sensor 12 is a sensor that directly or indirectly detects the vibration of the drill during rotation. A commercially available acceleration sensor or the like can be used as the vibration sensor 12. The vibration sensor 12 can be attached to the drilling machine body 4, the workpiece W, or the perforated plate 9 attached to the workpiece W.

  If the number of perforated plates 9 is small and the number of drilling bodies 4 and drill heads 5 is large, the number of required vibration sensors 12 can be reduced by attaching the vibration sensor 12 to the perforated plate 9 Can. That is, the common vibration sensor 12 can detect the vibration of the drill attached to the plurality of drill main bodies 4 or the plurality of drill heads 5. Further, if the vibration sensor 12 is attached to the work W or the perforated plate 9, the vibration sensor 12 can be attached without disassembling or stopping the drilling machine main body 4.

  Conversely, if the number of drilling plates 9 is large and the number of drilling main bodies 4 and drill heads 5 is small, the vibration sensor 12 is mounted on the drilling main body 4 side, so that the number of necessary vibration sensors 12 can be reduced. It can be reduced.

  The vibration sensor 12 is suitably mounted at a position where the vibration of the drill can be detected well. The position where the vibration of the drill can be detected well does not make it difficult to detect the vibration of the drill because the vibration of the drill propagates without being damped and the vibrations from other moving mechanical elements are superimposed. It is a position. In the illustrated example, the vibration sensor 12 is attached to the casing 5A of each drill head 5 incorporating the rotary drive mechanism and the feed mechanism of the drill.

  The rotation speed sensor 13 is a sensor that detects the rotation speed of the drill during rotation. As the rotation speed sensor 13, either a contact type sensor that contacts the rotation speed detection target or a non-contact type sensor that does not contact the rotation speed detection target may be used. As the non-contact type rotation number sensor 13, one that irradiates a laser beam toward a rotating body and detects the reflected light of the laser light to detect the rotation number of the rotating body is known. In the illustrated example, in the casing 5A of each drill head 5, a noncontact rotation number sensor 13 capable of detecting the rotation number of the rotating shaft 5B that rotates with the drill is provided. That is, the rotation speed sensor 13 is disposed in a noncontact manner in the vicinity of the exposed portion of the rotating shaft 5B that rotates with the drill.

  The signal processing system 14 can be configured by circuits such as a computer reading a program and an A / D (analog-to-digital) converter. When the drilling machine main body 4 is a self-propelled drilling machine capable of traveling in the traveling area by the traveling mechanism 8, from the viewpoint of reducing the weight of the drilling machine main body 4, similar to the main body 7A of the control device 7, The signal processing system 14 can be installed outside the traveling area. Therefore, a part of the signal processing system 14 may be integrated with the main body 7A of the control device 7.

  The signal processing system 14 has a function of monitoring an abnormality in drilling using a drill based on the detection result of at least one of the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13. In the case of monitoring an abnormality based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 12, a waveform of a detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12 and a case where there is no abnormality in drilling using the drill It is possible to monitor drilling anomalies with a drill by comparing it with a reference waveform. On the other hand, in the case of monitoring an abnormality based on the detection result of the rotation speed sensor 13, the rotation speed of the drill detected by the rotation speed sensor 13 and the rotation corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drilling using the drill. It is possible to monitor drilling anomalies with the drill by further comparing the numbers.

  The number of rotations of the drill can also be determined by determining the period or frequency of vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12. Therefore, the rotation speed sensor 13 may be omitted. In other words, the vibration sensor 12 may be used as the rotation speed sensor 13. In this case, both vibration and rotational speed of the drill can be detected by the common vibration sensor 12.

  As a specific example of the abnormality in the drilling using the drill, in addition to the abnormality of the drill itself such as the loss of the drill and the wear of the drill, the deviation of the tool axis of the drill from the central axis of the lower hole provided in advance in the work W Also, there may be an abnormality such as misalignment of the drill tool axis from the center axis of the guide hole provided in the drilling plate 9 due to a positioning error of the drill.

  The abnormalities of the drill itself, such as drill defects and drill wear, can be detected by measuring the amount of fluctuation in the number of rotations of the drill.

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example in which the number of rotations is reduced due to a drill defect.

  In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the fluctuation amount of the rotation number of the drill. The fluctuation amount of the rotational speed is shown as a ratio (%) to the rotational speed of the spindle in a state where no load is applied.

  In FIG. 7, the solid line shows the change in the rotational speed of the drill when drilling titanium and aluminum using a drill without a defect as a ratio to the rotational speed of the spindle in the non-loaded state. On the other hand, the alternate long and short dash line indicates the change in the rotational speed of the drill when drilling titanium and aluminum using a drill with a defect as a ratio to the rotational speed of the spindle in a non-loaded state.

  As shown by the solid line in FIG. 7, when titanium is drilled using a drill without a defect, the number of rotations is reduced by about 4% with respect to the number of rotations of the spindle in a non-loaded state. In addition, when aluminum is drilled using a drill having no defects, the number of rotations is reduced in the range of approximately 3% to 4% with respect to the number of rotations of the spindle in a non-loaded state.

  On the other hand, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 7, when drilling titanium and aluminum using a drill with a defect, it is about 10% of the number of rotations of the spindle in the non-loaded state. The number of revolutions is decreasing. Therefore, if the drilling test result shown in FIG. 7 is obtained, the actual number of revolutions of the spindle holding the drill is 10% or more with respect to the control value of the number of revolutions of the spindle during drilling of titanium or aluminum. If it decreases by more than 10%, it can be determined that the drill has a defect.

  In the drilling test shown in FIG. 7, although the control value of the number of revolutions per minute of the spindle is set to 1000 (rpm), when the dependency of the reduction rate of the number of revolutions on the number of revolutions can not be ignored Drilling tests can be performed. The control value of the number of revolutions per minute is about 200 (rpm) to about 3000 (rpm) except for high-speed machining in a machining center or the like. Therefore, a drilling test may be performed intermittently in the range of 200 (rpm) to 3000 (rpm), and a threshold for determining that a drill defect has occurred may be determined for each control value of rotation speed by interpolation. .

  In addition to titanium and aluminum, other metals such as iron, as well as composite materials such as glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) Similar drilling tests can be performed.

  Then, a threshold is set for the rate of decrease with respect to the number of rotations of the spindle in a non-loaded state, and when the rate of decrease is equal to or greater than the threshold or exceeds the threshold, it can be determined that a drill has occurred. Similarly, a threshold can be determined by drilling tests to determine that non-negligible wear has occurred on the drill. In addition, the threshold for detecting drill abnormalities not only at the rate of decrease with respect to the number of rotations of the spindle in a non-loaded state, but also at the desired number of rotations of the drill itself or other desired index value May be set.

  The threshold value for the index value representing the reduction amount of the rotation number of the drill can be stored in the storage device 14A of the signal processing system 14 as a table or function in association with the material of the workpiece W and the drilling conditions such as the rotation number. This makes it possible to monitor an abnormality based on the number of rotations of the drill in the signal processing system 14.

  On the other hand, abnormalities such as drill fracture, drill abrasion, pilot hole displacement, and guide hole displacement provided in the drilling plate 9 are detected by detecting the vibration of the abnormal drill using the vibration sensor 12 can do.

  The detection of the abnormal drill vibration waveform is a desired signal based on the waveform of the detection signal representing the drill vibration detected by the vibration sensor 12 and the reference waveform corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drilling using the drill. It can be done by processing.

  As a specific example, signal processing such as envelope detection processing can be performed on a detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12. Then, the amplitude waveform after envelope detection of the detection signal detected by the vibration sensor 12 is compared with the reference waveform corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drilling using the drill, and the deviation from the reference waveform is indicated. When an index value such as a square error, a cross correlation coefficient, a difference between integral values of waveforms, a difference between peak values, or the like exceeds a threshold or exceeds a threshold, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred.

  Alternatively, the detection signal may be compared with the reference signal with frequency analysis such as Fourier transform (FT) or wavelet transform. Furthermore, the MT method may be used in combination to obtain the amount of deviation of the vibration detection signal from the reference signal. The MT method is a method of determining the distribution of distance by determining the coordinates of a reference point in a multi-dimensional space and calculating the distance between the reference coordinates and the coordinates of each data.

  FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example in which frequency spectra obtained by applying FFT to an acceleration signal representing a vibration level of a drill are compared.

In each of FIGS. 8A and 8B, each horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz), and each vertical axis represents acceleration (m / s ² ) representing the level of vibration of the drill on which the vibration of the other mechanical element is superimposed. Indicates Further, FIG. 8A shows a frequency spectrum obtained by FFT of a detection signal of an acceleration in which a level of vibration during drilling of a drill without a defect is detected as an acceleration by an acceleration sensor. On the other hand, FIG. 8 (B) shows the frequency spectrum obtained by detecting the level of vibration during drilling of a drill having a defect as acceleration by means of an acceleration sensor, and FFT of the detection signal of acceleration. The drilling conditions using a drill without a defect and the drilling conditions using a drill with a defect are the same.

  As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, a change occurs in the waveform of the frequency spectrum that represents the vibration level of the drill depending on the presence or absence of the defect. Specifically, two peaks respectively occur in the two frequency spectra shown in FIGS. 8 (A) and 8 (B). Then, as indicated by the broken-line frame in FIG. 8B, the peak value on the low frequency side in the frequency spectrum corresponding to the drill having a defect corresponds to the frequency shown in FIG. 8A corresponding to the drill having no defect. The frequency in the spectrum is significantly larger than the lower peak value.

  For this reason, it is possible to detect a drill abnormality by comparing the waveform between the frequency spectrum as a reference acquired in advance under the drilling condition without abnormality and the frequency spectrum acquired as a detection target of the abnormality. That is, by performing signal processing including FT of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12, a frequency spectrum of the amplitude of the detection signal is acquired, and the waveform of the acquired frequency spectrum and the reference waveform It is possible to monitor drilling anomalies using a drill by comparing it with a reference waveform of a previously prepared frequency spectrum.

  The comparison of the waveforms between the frequency spectra can also be performed on a desired representative value of the frequency spectrum such as the integral value, the peak value, and the frequency relative to the peak value. That is, threshold processing can be performed on an index representing a divergence between frequency spectra using a threshold determined empirically by a perforation test or the like. Then, when it is determined that the index indicating the divergence between the frequency spectra is equal to or greater than the threshold value or exceeds the threshold value, it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the drill itself or the drilling.

  As a more specific example, it is possible to set a threshold to the peak value itself of the frequency spectrum representing the vibration of the drill acquired using the vibration sensor 12 or to set a threshold to the frequency band where the peak value occurs. As a result, it is possible to automatically detect an abnormal peak appearing at a frequency that does not originally appear unless there is an abnormality, or an abnormal increase in peak value.

  In addition, when abnormality arises in the drilling using a drill, the number of rotations usually decreases. For this reason, the frequency at which the peak occurs in the frequency spectrum often shifts to the lower side. Also, when an abnormality occurs in drilling using a drill, the vibration level of the drill usually increases. For this reason, the peak value appearing in the frequency spectrum often increases. Therefore, threshold processing may be performed by setting thresholds on both the frequency band in which the peak occurs in the frequency spectrum and the peak value appearing in the frequency spectrum.

  The vibration sensor 12 can also detect vibrations in a plurality of spatially different axial directions. That is, the vibration of the drill can be detected as a vector. In that case, the frequency spectrum can be obtained and compared for each component of the vector, that is, for each spatial axis direction. The same applies to the case where vibration detection signals are compared without generating a frequency spectrum.

  The threshold for the index value representing the fluctuation amount of the vibration of the drill is also associated with the drilling condition such as the material and the rotation speed of the work W as the table or function as the threshold for the index value representing the reduction amount of the rotation speed of the drill It can be stored in the storage device 14A of the signal processing system 14. This makes it possible to monitor an abnormality based on the vibration of the drill in the signal processing system 14.

  In addition, it is possible to specify a condition for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality by the operation of the input device 16. As a specific example, it is possible to set a target of threshold processing for determining the presence or absence of abnormality by the operation of the input device 16 and a threshold used for the threshold processing.

  The threshold value for the index value representing the fluctuation amount of the vibration of the drill and the threshold value for the index value representing the reduction amount of the rotation speed of the drill both change depending on the material and the drilling condition. Therefore, information for specifying each threshold can be recorded in the IC tag 10. That is, the information for specifying the threshold with respect to the index showing the deviation amount from the reference waveform of the waveform of the detection signal showing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12 can be recorded in the IC tag 10. Similarly, information for specifying a threshold for an index value representing the amount of decrease in the number of rotations of the drill can also be recorded in the IC tag 10.

  As a practical example, when the IC tag 10 is attached to the perforated plate 9, the ID information of the perforated plate 9 is used as information for specifying a threshold value for detecting an abnormality in perforation using a drill. be able to. That is, the threshold value for detecting an abnormality can be associated with the ID information of the perforated plate 9, and can be stored as a table in the storage device 14A of the signal processing system 14.

  Alternatively, if the IC tag 10 is directly attached to the work W, the ID information of the work W can be information for specifying a threshold for detecting an abnormality in drilling using a drill. That is, the threshold value for detecting an abnormality can be associated with the ID information of the work W, and can be stored as a table in the storage device 14A of the signal processing system 14.

  Of course, regardless of whether the IC tag 10 is attached to the perforated plate 9 or attached to the work W, the information and the drill for specifying the threshold for the index value representing the fluctuation amount of the vibration of the drill The value itself of each threshold may be recorded in the IC tag 10 as information for specifying the threshold for the index value representing the reduction amount of the rotation speed.

  Then, the information for specifying the threshold recorded in the IC tag 10 can be read by the IC tag reader 11 and transferred to the signal processing system 14 by radio or the like. When the information read by the IC tag reader 11 is wirelessly transferred to the signal processing system 14, a dedicated wireless device may be provided in the signal processing system 14. However, as illustrated in FIG. It may be made to transfer to signal processing system 14 using radio set 7E with which main part 7A of this is equipped.

  Then, based on the information recorded in the IC tag 10 transferred by wireless or the like, it becomes possible for the signal processing system 14 to automatically identify each threshold for threshold processing for abnormality determination.

  That is, if the information transferred from the IC tag reader 11 is the ID information of the perforated plate 9 or the workpiece W, the ID information of the plurality of perforated plates 9 or the plurality of workpieces W stored in the storage device 14A By referring to the table in which the combinations are associated, it is possible to specify the threshold for abnormality determination corresponding to the ID information. Alternatively, if the information transferred from the IC tag reader 11 is the threshold for abnormality determination itself, the threshold for abnormality determination corresponding to the perforated plate 9 or the work W is specified by acquiring the information transferred from the IC tag reader 11 be able to.

  Thereby, even if the material of the work W, the diameter and the drilling depth of the hole to be drilled, the diameter of the drill, material, structure, rotation speed, feeding speed and the like are different, it is appropriate for each drilling condition The threshold can be automatically determined in the signal processing system 14. That is, it becomes possible to perform abnormality detection regardless of the perforation condition.

  Then, in the signal processing system 14, when the index value to be subjected to the threshold processing exceeds the specified threshold value or exceeds the threshold value, it can be automatically determined that an abnormality has occurred in the drilling using the drill. For example, if a threshold is set in accordance with the contents of an abnormality such as drill loss, drill wear, pilot hole displacement, and guide hole displacement provided in the drilling plate 9, the drill is performed using threshold processing. It is possible to determine which of the following problems has occurred: wear of the drill, wear of the drill, shift of the lower hole, or shift of the guide hole provided in the drilling plate 9.

  If it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in drilling using a drill, it can be displayed on the display unit 17 as a result of monitoring the abnormality. Of course, the monitoring result of abnormality may be output as light or sound to an output device such as an alarm lamp or a speaker. That is, the signal processing system 14 can be provided with a function of notifying the operator of the monitoring result of abnormality by outputting the monitoring result of abnormality to the output device such as the display device 17 or the like.

  Furthermore, when it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in drilling using a drill, control of the drilling machine main body 4 can be performed according to the content of the abnormality. For example, at least one of the reduction of the control value of the rotation speed of the drilling machine body 4, the reduction of the control value of the feed rate in the tool axis direction of the drill and the interruption of drilling can be performed. In that case, the signal processing system 14 is provided with a function of giving necessary control information to the control device 7 of the drilling machine main body 4.

  As a more specific example, if the content of the anomaly is an anomaly that can be tolerated in drilling, such as drill wear, an acceptable drill defect, or an allowable drill displacement, the rotation of the drill body 4 It is possible to reduce the control value of the number and to reduce the control value of the feed rate in the tool axis direction of the drill. On the contrary, if the content of the abnormality is a drill defect or a positional deviation of the drill which leads to the occurrence of a defect, control of the drilling machine main body 4 for interrupting the drilling can be performed. Specifically, the drill can be pulled away from the work W, and control to stop the rotation of the drill, and control to travel the drilling machine main body 4 to the retracted position can be performed.

  On the other hand, the wireless device 15 of the drill abnormality detection system 3 has a function of wirelessly transmitting detection signals respectively output from the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 to the signal processing system 14. By wirelessly transferring detection signals respectively output from the vibration sensor 12 and the rotational speed sensor 13, as in the case where the drilling machine main body 4 is a self-propelled device capable of traveling by the traveling mechanism 8, the drilling machine 2 The vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 can be easily attached to the drilling machine 2 regardless of the type of the motor. In addition, the drill abnormality detection system 3 can be reduced in size.

  Therefore, the drill abnormality detection system 3 can be retrofitted to the existing drilling machine 2 as an attachment. Also, the drill abnormality detection system 3 is provided not only to the drilling machine 2 having the self-propelled drilling machine main body 4 as illustrated, but also to a drilling machine such as a machine tool such as a machining center or a hand-held drill driving device. Can. Also in that case, the IC tag 10 and the IC tag reader 11 can be provided as components of the drill abnormality detection system 3 as needed.

  In the illustrated example, the wireless sensor 15 is provided for each of the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13. For this reason, a troublesome signal cable can be made unnecessary. In particular, a battery-powered WiFi vibrometer that detects vibration of a vibrating body and transmits detected data of the vibration by WiFi communication or a battery that detects rotational speed of a rotating body and transmits detected data of the rotational speed by WiFi communication A powered WiFi tachometer is commercially available. For this reason, it is possible to easily obtain the battery-powered vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 having the wireless device 15 built in so as not to require wired connection.

  Of course, as in the case of the IC tag reader 11, the radio sensor may be made common by connecting the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 with the radio 7E for communication of control signals with a signal cable. That is, the IC tag reader 11, the vibration sensor 12, and the rotation speed sensor 13 may be respectively provided with dedicated wireless devices 11A and 15, or a wireless device 7E for communication of control signals may be used.

  Alternatively, as described above, the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 may be connected when connecting the main body 7A and the control signal receiving device 7B with a signal cable or when mounting the entire control device on a drilling machine. May be connected to the signal processing system 14 by wire. That is, at least one of the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 may be connected to the signal processing system 14 by a signal cable for transmitting a detection signal.

(Drill abnormality detection method and method of manufacturing a drilled product)
Next, a method for detecting a drill abnormality by the drill abnormality detection system 3 and a method for manufacturing a drilled product using the drilling system 1 will be described. Here, the case where the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 are attached to the drilling machine main body 4 and the drilling plate 9 to which the IC tag 10 is attached is attached to the work W will be described as an example.

  FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing an example of the flow in the case where the workpiece W is to be drilled together with the monitoring of drilling abnormality using a drill by the drilling system 1 provided with the drill abnormality detection system 3 shown in FIG.

  First, in step S1, the perforated plate 9 to which the IC tag 10 is attached is attached to the work W. The IC tag 10 is used for threshold processing for monitoring abnormalities in perforations, as well as information referred to control the perforation main body 4 such as information for specifying the perforation position and the diameter of the holes. Information for identifying the threshold is recorded. Alternatively, common information for specifying a threshold value which is referred to in the control of the drilling machine main body 4 and used in threshold processing for performing abnormality monitoring of the drilling, for example, ID information of the drilling plate 9 is recorded.

  More specifically, it is detected by information for specifying a threshold for an index representing the amount of deviation from the reference waveform of the waveform of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 Information for specifying a threshold for an index value representing a reduction amount from the reference rotation number of the rotation number of the drill is recorded in the IC tag 10.

  Next, in step S2, the driving of the drilling machine main body 4 is started. That is, by the remote control by the control device 7, the traveling mechanism 8 travels on the upper surface of the long structure W2 constituting the workpiece W, and the drilling machine main body 4 moves to the initial position for starting drilling.

  Next, in step S3, the information recorded in the IC tag 10 is read by the IC tag reader 11 attached to the punch main body 4. The read information is wirelessly transferred from the wireless device 11A of the IC tag reader 11 to the wireless device 7E provided in the main unit 7A of the control device 7.

  The information referred to for controlling the drilling machine main body 4 is given to the control signal generation unit 7D. On the other hand, the signal processing system 14 of the drill abnormality detection system 3 is provided with information for monitoring the perforation abnormality.

  Next, in step S4, in the signal processing system 14, a threshold used for threshold processing for performing abnormality monitoring is specified based on the information wirelessly transferred from the IC tag reader 11. For example, if the ID information of the perforated plate 9 recorded in the IC tag 10 is transferred from the IC tag reader 11 to the signal processing system 14, the perforated plate 9 is referred to by referring to the table stored in the storage device 14A. The signal processing system 14 specifies a threshold value corresponding to the ID information of

  As a result, while the drill is rotationally driven, it is possible to monitor the abnormality of the drilling using the drill during rotation while moving the drilling machine main body 4 to sequentially drill at different positions of the work W.

  Next, in step S5, the control device 7 remotely controls the drilling machine main body 4 to drill the workpiece W. Specifically, the control signal of the drilling machine main body 4 generated in the control signal generation unit 7D of the control device 7 is wirelessly transmitted from the wireless device 7E. The transmitted control signal is received by the control signal receiver 7B. Then, the drilling machine main body 4 is driven in accordance with the control signal received by the control signal receiving device 7B. That is, in addition to the rotation and feeding of the drill, the feeding operation of the drill head 5 by the feeding mechanism 6 and the traveling of the traveling mechanism 8 so that drilling is performed at the drilling position specified based on the ID information of the drilling plate 9 The traveling of the drilling machine main body 4 is performed.

  On the other hand, during the drilling of the workpiece W, the vibration sensor 12 is used to detect the vibration of the drill during rotation. Further, the rotation speed of the drill during rotation is detected by the rotation speed sensor 13.

  Next, in step S6, a detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor 12 and a detection signal representing the rotation number of the drill detected by the rotation number sensor 13 are wirelessly transmitted from the wireless device 15 respectively. .

  Next, in step S7, each detection signal representing the vibration and the number of revolutions of the drill transmitted by wireless is received by the wireless device 7E provided in the main body 7A of the control device 7. Each received detection signal is given to the signal processing system 14 of the drill abnormality detection system 3.

  Next, in step S8, the signal processing system 14 detects an abnormality in the drilling using the drill based on each detection signal indicating the vibration and the number of rotations of the drill and the threshold value used for the threshold processing for monitoring the abnormality. Monitor.

  That is, the signal processing system 14 monitors the drilling abnormality using the drill by comparing the waveform of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill with the reference waveform corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drilling using the drill. Do. Further, the signal processing system 14 compares the actual number of rotations of the drill specified based on the detection signal detected by the number of rotations sensor 13 and the number of rotations corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drilling using the drill. Monitor drilling anomalies with the drill by comparing.

  Then, when the index value representing the amount of deviation between parameters such as acceleration and rotational speed to be compared exceeds the allowable value corresponding to the index value, that is, when it exceeds the threshold value or exceeds the threshold value, drilling using a drill Can be determined in the signal processing system 14 that an abnormality has occurred. In addition, if the threshold is set according to the contents of abnormality such as drill loss, drill wear, inferior hole displacement, and guide hole displacement provided in the drilling plate 9, the drill is performed by threshold processing. It is possible to determine which of the following problems has occurred: wear of the drill, wear of the drill, shift of the lower hole, or shift of the guide hole provided in the drilling plate 9.

  In addition, when performing the comparison process of the detection signal showing the vibration of a drill, frequency analysis processes, such as FT, can be performed with respect to a detection signal as pre-processing of a comparison process. In that case, by performing signal processing including the FT of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill, a frequency spectrum of the amplitude of the detection signal detected as acceleration or the like is obtained. Then, by comparing the waveform of the acquired frequency spectrum with the reference waveform of the frequency spectrum prepared in advance as the reference waveform, the abnormality in the drilling using the drill is monitored.

  Next, in step S9, the operator is notified of the abnormality monitoring result in the signal processing system 14 via the output device such as the display device 17. For example, when an abnormality is detected, the operator can be notified of the contents of the abnormality such as drill loss, drill wear, lower hole displacement, and guide hole displacement provided in the perforated plate 9.

  Next, in step S10, control of the necessary drilling machine 2 according to the monitoring result of the abnormality is performed. For example, if an allowable abnormality such as expected wear is detected, the control value of the rotational speed for the rotary drive mechanism of the drill built into the drill head 5 is reduced or the drill head is built into the drill head 5 It is possible to reduce the feed rate control value for the feed mechanism of the drill. On the contrary, even when the wear of the drill occurs, wear occurs to such an extent that the machining quality of the workpiece W can not be ignored, or a drill defect or displacement occurs to such an extent that the machining quality of the workpiece W can not be ignored. If so, the drilling can be interrupted.

  When controlling the drilling machine 2 according to the monitoring result of abnormality, control information is given from the signal processing system 14 to the control signal generation unit 7D of the control device 7. Then, the control signal generation unit 7D generates a control signal of the drilling machine main body 4 in accordance with the control information given from the signal processing system 14. The generated control signal is wirelessly transmitted to the control signal receiving device 7B on the side of the puncturing body 4 via the wireless device 7E. Thereby, the drilling machine main body 4 performs an operation according to the monitoring result of the abnormality.

  On the other hand, when abnormality is not detected and the drilling at all the drilling positions of the work W is completed by the driving of the drilling machine main body 4 including rotational driving and movement of the drill, the drilling machine main body 4 retracts under control of the control device 7 Move to Thereby, the perforated product can be manufactured as a product or a semifinished product. The drilled articles manufactured in this manner are manufactured using drills with a low amount of wear and maintained quality, and thus become high quality drilled articles.

(effect)
The drill abnormality detection system 3 as described above, the drill abnormality detection method, the drilling system 1 and the method of manufacturing a drilled item detect at least one of the vibration and the rotational speed of the drill with a sensor, and change the vibration or the rotational speed of the drill It is made to be able to detect abnormalities during drilling using a drill such as drill loss, wear, positional deviation, etc. based on the amount. Also, the signal detected by the sensor is output by wireless.

  For this reason, according to the drill abnormality detection system 3, the drill abnormality detection method, the drilling system 1, and the method of manufacturing the drilled product, it is possible to detect an abnormality such as a loss, wear or displacement of the drill during drilling. As a result, the accuracy of drilling can be improved. That is, the quality of the perforated product can be improved. As a result of actually carrying out a drilling test, it was confirmed that drilling can be performed with an error within 0 mm to +0.0762 mm with respect to the designed hole diameter, that is, the reference diameter of the drill.

  In addition, when an abnormality is detected, the content of the abnormality can be confirmed, or when an unacceptable abnormality is detected, the perforation can be interrupted to prevent continuous occurrence of problems. . Furthermore, when a new abnormality type is found by a perforation test or the like, the criteria for judging an abnormality can be easily changed. Moreover, the detection sensitivity of abnormality can also be adjusted.

  In addition, parts such as the vibration sensor 12 and the rotation speed sensor 13 that constitute the drill abnormality detection system 3 can be miniaturized, and wire connection can be eliminated for power supply and data communication. For this reason, the drill abnormality detection system 3 can be mounted on various types of drilling machines.

  For example, by adding the drill abnormality detection system 3 to the drilling machine already in operation, it is possible to provide an abnormality detection function during drilling. In particular, in order to monitor the vibration and rotational speed that can be easily monitored regardless of the type of drilling machine for abnormality detection, the drill anomaly detection system 3 is not limited to an electric drilling machine or an air-driven drilling machine. It can be provided. In addition, since it is possible to eliminate the need for wired connection, it is possible to drill even if the drilling machine 2 is provided with a self-propelled drilling machine main body 4 as shown, or a drilling machine used by bringing it into a place without power supply equipment. By providing the abnormality detection system 3, abnormality monitoring can be performed.

(Other embodiments)
Although the specific embodiments have been described above, the described embodiments are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the invention. The novel methods and apparatus described herein may be embodied in various other ways. Also, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the methods and apparatus described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such different forms and modifications as fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 drilling system 2 drilling machine 3 drill abnormality detection system 4 drilling machine main body 5 drill head 5A casing 5B rotating shaft 6 feed mechanism 6A rack and pinion 6B motor 7 control device 7A main body part 7B control signal receiving device 7C storage device 7D control Signal generator 7E wireless device 8 traveling mechanism 8A first traveling mechanism 8B second traveling mechanism 9 perforated plate 10 IC tag 11 IC tag reader 11A wireless device 12 vibration sensor 13 rotational speed sensor 14 signal processing system 14A storage device 15 wireless device 16 input device 17 display device W work W1 plate-shaped part W2 long structure

Claims (12)

A drilling machine for rotationally driving a drill, a vibration sensor attached to a drilling plate to be drilled by the drill or the drilling object attached thereto, and detecting the vibration of the drill directly or indirectly during rotation;
An anomaly in the drilling using the drill by comparing the waveform of the detection signal representing the vibration of the drill detected by the vibration sensor with a reference waveform corresponding to the absence of an anomaly in the drilling using the drill Signal processing system to monitor
Drill anomaly detection system comprising: It further comprises a rotation number sensor for detecting the rotation number of the drill during rotation,
The signal processing system uses the drill by further comparing the number of rotations of the drill detected by the number of rotations sensor with the number of rotations corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drilling using the drill. The drill anomaly detection system according to claim 1, configured to monitor perforation anomalies. The drilling machine is configured to be able to travel in the traveling area by a traveling mechanism,
The drill abnormality detection system according to claim 1, wherein the signal processing system is installed outside the traveling area.   The signal processing system acquires a frequency spectrum of the amplitude of the detection signal by performing signal processing including Fourier transformation of the detection signal, and is prepared in advance as a waveform of the acquired frequency spectrum and the reference waveform. The drill abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drill abnormality detection system is configured to monitor perforation abnormalities using the drill by comparing with a reference waveform of a frequency spectrum.   When the signal processing system determines that an abnormality has occurred in the drilling using the drill, the control value of the rotational speed of the drilling machine is reduced by performing control of the drilling machine according to the abnormality. The drill abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of reduction of a feed rate control value in a tool axis direction of the drill and interruption of drilling is performed. A drill abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Said drilling machine,
Drilling system with. An integrated circuit tag attached to at least one of the object to be drilled and the perforated plate and recording information for specifying a threshold value for an index value representing the amount of deviation from the reference waveform of the waveform of the detection signal.
A reader attached to the drilling machine side, reading the information recorded in the integrated circuit tag, and transferring the information to the signal processing system;
And further
The signal processing system specifies the threshold based on the transferred information, and determines that an abnormality has occurred in drilling using the drill when the index value is equal to or higher than the threshold or exceeds the threshold. A drilling system according to claim 6, wherein the drilling system comprises: Detecting the vibration of the drill directly or indirectly during rotation using a drilling machine for driving a drill, a vibration sensor attached to a drilling plate attached to the drilling target or the drilling target by the drill, and
Monitoring a drilling anomaly using the drill by comparing a waveform of a detection signal representing the drill's vibration detected by the vibration sensor with a reference waveform corresponding to the absence of the drill anomaly When,
Drill abnormality detection method having: The method further includes the step of detecting the number of rotations of the drill during rotation with a rotation number sensor,
The drilling abnormality using the drill is monitored by further comparing the number of rotations of the drill detected by the number of rotations sensor with the number of rotations corresponding to the case where there is no abnormality in the drill. Drill anomaly detection method.   By performing signal processing including Fourier transform of the detection signal, a frequency spectrum of the amplitude of the detection signal is acquired, and a waveform of the acquired frequency spectrum and a reference waveform of a frequency spectrum prepared in advance as the reference waveform The drill abnormality detection method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the drill abnormality is monitored using the drill. An integrated circuit tag recording information for specifying a threshold for an index value representing an amount of deviation from the reference waveform of the waveform of the detection signal is attached to at least one of the object to be perforated and the perforated plate.
Reading and transferring the information recorded on the integrated circuit tag by a reader attached to the drilling machine side;
The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the threshold value is specified based on the transferred information, and when the index value exceeds the threshold value or exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that an abnormality occurs in drilling using the drill. The drill abnormality detection method according to 1 or 2. A method for detecting abnormality in drilling according to any one of claims 8 to 11, monitoring abnormality in drilling using a drill during rotation;
Manufacturing an article to be drilled by rotationally driving the drill with the drilling machine to drill the object to be drilled;
A method of manufacturing a perforated product having:

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