JP2018174520A - Bandwidth control apparatus, bandwidth control method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bandwidth control apparatus, a bandwidth control method, and a program that can save a communication bandwidth.SOLUTION: A bandwidth control apparatus 10 that narrows transmission data in order to save a communication bandwidth includes a sensor unit 14 that acquires information accompanying a device ID by first wireless communication, a sensor data accumulation unit 11 that accumulates sensor data acquired by the sensor unit 14, a transmission data accumulation unit 12 that is a transmission queue used when the sensor data accumulated in the sensor data accumulation unit 11 is transmitted, and a data transmission unit 15A that extracts the essence of the sensor data accumulated in the transmission data accumulation unit 12 and transmits the essence by second wireless communication.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a bandwidth control device, a bandwidth control method, and a program, and more particularly, to a technique for saving a communication bandwidth.

  In recent years, human flow analysis using a Wi-Fi packet sensor has been performed (see Non-Patent Document 1). Non-Patent Document 1 describes that the flow of people and traffic can be grasped by installing Wi-Fi packet sensors at many points in the city and sensing the crowd.

Tetsuro Morimoto, 3 others, Human flow analysis and visualization using Wi-Fi packet sensor, [online], DEIM Forum 2015 F8-3, [Search February 27, 2017], Internet <http: // db- event.jpn.org/deim2015/paper/82.pdf>

  In recent years, a new wireless communication technology for IoT (Internet of Things) called LPWA (Low Power, Wide Area) has attracted attention. When sensor data from a Wi-Fi packet sensor is collected by wireless communication such as LPWA, it is important to save communication bandwidth.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a bandwidth control device, a bandwidth control method, and a program that can save a communication bandwidth in view of the above-described conventional technology.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to the first aspect is a bandwidth control device that narrows down transmission data in order to save a communication bandwidth, and obtains information with a device ID through first wireless communication. Unit, a sensor data storage unit that stores sensor data acquired by the sensor acquisition unit, and a transmission data storage that is a transmission queue used when transmitting the sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit And a data transmission unit that extracts the essence of the sensor data stored in the transmission data storage unit and transmits the extracted essence by the second wireless communication.

  The gist of the invention according to the second aspect is that, in the invention according to the first aspect, the sensor acquisition unit acquires the information with the device ID when the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) is equal to or greater than a threshold value. To do.

  The invention according to the third aspect is the same as that according to the second aspect, in the case where sensor data having the same device ID as the sensor data acquired by the sensor acquisition unit is stored in the sensor data storage unit. The gist of the invention is that no sensor data is stored in the sensor data storage unit.

  The invention according to the fourth aspect corresponds to the invention according to the third aspect, when sensor data having the same device ID as that stored in the sensor data storage unit is stored in the transmission data storage unit. The gist is to add only time information to the device ID time column.

  The gist of the fifth aspect of the invention is that the bandwidth control apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is a bandwidth control method for controlling the bandwidth.

  The gist of the sixth aspect of the invention is a program that causes a computer to function as each processing unit included in the bandwidth control device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a bandwidth control device, a bandwidth control method, and a program that can save a communication bandwidth.

It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the method in which the human flow analysis system which concerns on embodiment of this invention acquires human flow data. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a human flow analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a functional block diagram of a human flow analysis system concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a sequence diagram of a human flow analysis system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a database block diagram of the human flow analysis system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the operation example (1/4) of the human flow analysis system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the operation example (2/4) of the human flow analysis system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the operation example (3/4) of the human flow analysis system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the operation example (4/4) of the human flow analysis system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a system using an LPWA network. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the application field of the band control apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a human flow analysis system will be described as an example. Of course, the application range of the present invention is not limited to this. In addition, the term “human flow” described below includes not only the meaning of human flow but also all of the flow related to people, such as traffic flow.

(How to acquire human flow data)
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a method of acquiring human flow data by the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention. For the human flow analysis using the sensor 1 including a Wi-Fi packet sensor or the like, the MAC address information of the smartphone 2 is used. For data acquisition, "technical measures" that take privacy into consideration and "public relations" that make the purpose of data acquisition known are necessary.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, it is assumed that a person 3 has a smartphone 2 with Wi-Fi setting ON. In addition, it is assumed that a large number of sensors 1 are installed at multiple points. A probe request packet is automatically transmitted from the smartphone 2 with the Wi-Fi setting ON. This Probe Request includes a unique device ID (MAC address) possessed by the smartphone 2. Therefore, the bandwidth control device 10 (see FIG. 3) included in the sensor 1 receives the probe request, acquires the MAC address, and converts (hashes) the MAC address into data in a format that cannot be restored. The original data is erased after conversion. For example, the MAC value (40: b: 8: 37: d4: 48: aa) is hashed and converted into a converted value (a3: 83). The server 20 performs a statistical process for handling the collected data from each point as aggregate data, and analyzes the human flow. After outputting the human flow analysis result, it is deleted.

  For communication between the bandwidth control device 10 and the server 20, it is desirable to use LPWA (Low Power, Wide Area). LPWA is a new communication standard for IoT (Internet of Things), consumes very little battery, and can cover a wide area with one base station.

(Outline of human flow analysis system)
FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention. This human flow analysis system is a system for analyzing human flow, and as shown in FIG. 2, information (for example, Probe Request) accompanied by a device ID is sent from the device 2A (for example, the smartphone 2) to the first wireless communication (for example, the smartphone 2). , Wi-Fi communication), and a band control device 10 that extracts the essence of the sensor data and transmits the extracted essence by second wireless communication (for example, LPWA communication). The sensor data transmitted in this way is used by a server 20 (not shown) connected via the network N to analyze the human flow. A repeater that relays data may be interposed between the bandwidth control device 10 and the server 20. Of course, “technical measures” in consideration of privacy and “public relations” to publicize the purpose of data acquisition etc. are implemented, but these processes are the main points of the present invention. Detailed explanation is omitted here.

  By the way, when sensor data from the bandwidth control device 10 is collected by wireless communication such as LPWA, it is important to save the communication bandwidth. Therefore, the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention employs a method of extracting and transmitting the essence of sensor data in order to save the communication band, as will be described below.

(Details of human flow analysis system)
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  The bandwidth control device 10 includes a sensor data storage unit 11, a transmission data storage unit 12, a time counter 13, a sensor unit 14, and a data transmission unit 15A. The sensor unit 14 receives the probe request and acquires the MAC address. The time counter 13 counts time. The sensor data storage unit 11 associates the MAC address acquired by the sensor unit 14 with the time counted by the time counter 13 and stores it as sensor data. The transmission data storage unit 12 is a transmission queue used when transmitting the sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit 11. The data transmission unit 15A extracts the essence of the transmission data (sensor data) stored in the transmission data storage unit 12 at a fixed interval such as 5 minutes, and transmits it to the server 20 connected via the network N.

(sequence)
FIG. 4 is a sequence diagram of the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the bandwidth control device 10 is preset with a parameter condition α in the sensor unit 14, a data holding time t in the sensor data storage unit 11, and a data holding time T in the transmission data storage unit 12. And

  First, data from the device 2A is acquired (step S1), and it is determined whether the acquired data satisfies the parameter condition α (step S2). The parameter condition α is, for example, a threshold of RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator).

  Here, if the parameter condition α is not satisfied, the data is discarded (step S2 → S3). For example, if the RSSI is not equal to or greater than the threshold value, the data is discarded. On the other hand, if the parameter condition α is satisfied, the device ID is determined (step S2 → S4). For example, when the RSSI is equal to or greater than a threshold value, information with a device ID (for example, Probe Request) is acquired, and it is determined whether the sensor data of the acquired device ID exists in the sensor data storage unit 11. Yes.

  Here, if the sensor data of the acquired device ID exists in the sensor data storage unit 11, the data is discarded (step S4 → S3). On the other hand, when the sensor data of the acquired device ID does not exist in the sensor data storage unit 11, the sensor data is stored in the sensor data storage unit 11 (steps S4 to S5).

  Next, sensor data is copied from the sensor data storage unit 11 to the transmission data storage unit 12 at regular intervals, such as 5 minutes (step S6), and whether the sensor data of the copied device ID exists in the transmission data storage unit 12 or not. It is determined whether there is any (step S8). In addition, sensor data whose retention time exceeds the data retention time t is deleted from the sensor data storage unit 11 (step S7).

  Here, when the sensor data of the copied device ID is in the transmission data storage unit 12, only the time information is added to the time column of the corresponding device ID in the transmission data storage unit 12 (steps S8 → S9). On the other hand, when the sensor data of the copied device ID does not exist in the transmission data storage unit 12, a record of the device ID is created and stored in the transmission data storage unit 12 (steps S8 → S10).

  Next, when the data holding time T is reached, the transmission data is copied from the transmission data storage unit 12 to the data transmission unit 15A (step S11 → S12), and the copied transmission data is transmitted to the server 20 connected via the network N. (Steps S14 → S15). The copied transmission data is deleted from the transmission data storage unit 12 (step S13).

  According to such a procedure, since the essence of the sensor data is extracted and transmitted, the communication band can be saved. Therefore, it is particularly effective when using LPWA whose communication band is not sufficient.

  Although not mentioned in the above description, if each packet transmitted from the bandwidth control device 10 is 100 bytes, the storage capacity of the sensor data storage unit 11 is 1000 bytes, and the sensor data is 10 times. You may send it separately. In this case, a transmission number (sequence number) is assigned to each packet transmitted from the bandwidth control apparatus 10. When the server 20 detects that a packet is lost based on the transmission number, the server 20 requests the bandwidth control device 10 to retransmit the packet. The bandwidth control device 10 retransmits the packet requested for retransmission to the server 20 in the same procedure as described above. Thereby, even when LPWA is used, packet loss can be prevented and communication quality can be ensured.

(Data essence extraction method)
Hereinafter, a method for extracting and transmitting the essence of the sensor data will be described in detail.

  FIG. 5 is a database configuration diagram of the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention. 5A shows raw data acquired by the sensor unit 14, FIG. 5B shows sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit 11, and FIG. 5C shows transmission data storage. The transmission data stored in the unit 12 is shown.

  6 to 9 are diagrams showing an operation example of the human flow analysis system according to the embodiment of the present invention. Here, the parameter condition α in the sensor unit 14 is “parameter value is 10 or more”, the data holding time t in the sensor data storage unit 11 is “20”, and the data holding time T in the transmission data storage unit 12 is “25”. And

  6 shows a state where the absolute time is 0, FIG. 7 shows a state where the absolute time is 5, FIG. 8 shows a state where the absolute time is 20, and FIG. 9 shows a state where the absolute time is 25. Show. The absolute time here is a time managed by the time counter 13. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, when the parameter value is not 10 or more, the data can be discarded (see steps S2 to S3). Further, when sensor data having the same device ID as the sensor data acquired by the sensor unit 14 is stored in the sensor data storage unit 11, it is possible not to store the sensor data in the sensor data storage unit 11 redundantly. Yes (see step S4 → S3). Further, when sensor data having the same device ID as the sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit 11 is stored in the transmission data storage unit 12, only time information is added to the time column of the corresponding device ID in the transmission data storage unit 12. (See steps S8 → S9).

(Other application examples)
Hereinafter, application examples of the bandwidth control apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 10 shows a system utilizing the LPWA network 100. As shown in this figure, the LPWA network 100 is formed by an access network 101 having a sensor accommodating GW 40 and a core network 102 having a relay server group 50. The sensor accommodating GW 40 is a gateway that receives sensor data from the sensor 1. The relay server group 50 is a server group that relays connection to the Internet 200, and includes a data storage unit 51, an authentication function unit 52, a terminal / line management unit 53, and the like.

  The bandwidth control apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a system using such an LPWA network 100. That is, the sensor 1 in FIG. 10 includes the bandwidth control device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The type of data acquired by the sensor 1 and the method of utilizing (analyzing) the data on the server 20 side can be appropriately changed according to the application.

  FIG. 11 shows an application field of the bandwidth control apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, by combining the LPWA network 100 and various IoT devices / sensors, IoT utilization scenes in various fields can be created. The various IoT device sensors described here correspond to the sensor 1 shown in FIG. Sensor data from the sensor 1 can be collected by the server 20 via the LPWA network 100 and the Internet 200 (see FIG. 10).

  As shown in FIG. 11, in the field of “agriculture”, the sensor 1 may acquire water level data, and the server 20 may perform remote operation of water management and equipment maintenance according to the water level data. In the field of “traffic”, the sensor 1 may acquire traffic volume data, and the server 20 may perform traffic volume monitoring and vehicle tracking according to the traffic volume data. In the field of “streetlight management”, the sensor 1 may acquire traffic data, and the server 20 may perform lighting management and remote operation according to the traffic data. In the field of “garbage collection”, the sensor 1 may acquire dust accumulation amount data, and the server 20 may perform efficient collection according to the dust accumulation amount data. In the field of “watching”, the sensor 1 may acquire position data of a child, an elderly person, etc., and the server 20 may watch the child, the elderly person, etc. according to the position data. Further, in the field of “disaster prevention”, the sensor 1 may acquire environmental data, and the server 20 may collect the damage status according to the environmental data (sediment breakage, inundation, etc.). In the field of “water supply”, the sensor 1 may acquire water usage data, and the server 20 may perform remote meter reading and water leakage inspection according to the water usage data. In the field of “gas”, the sensor 1 may acquire gas usage data, and the server 20 may collect diagnostic information according to the gas usage data and perform remote opening / closing.

  The bandwidth control device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the field of human flow analysis, but includes various fields such as “agriculture”, “traffic”, “streetlight management”, “garbage collection”, “watching”, “disaster prevention”, “water supply”, “gas” It can be applied to IoT utilization scenes in various fields. Thereby, in these IoT utilization scenes, the essence of the sensor data is extracted and transmitted, so that the communication band can be saved. Therefore, even when using LPWA with insufficient communication bandwidth, data can be used in various fields such as “agriculture”, “traffic”, “streetlight management”, “garbage collection”, “watching”, “disaster prevention”, “water supply”, “gas” (analysis etc.) ) Can be performed. Among such various fields, it is particularly effective to apply to a field where it is necessary to acquire a large amount of sensor data from the sensor 1.

(Summary)
As described above, the bandwidth control device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is the bandwidth control device 10 that narrows down transmission data in order to save the communication bandwidth, and transmits information with a device ID to the first wireless communication. Used to transmit the sensor data (sensor acquisition unit) 14 acquired in step S14, the sensor data storage unit 11 that stores the sensor data acquired by the sensor unit 14, and the sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit 11. A transmission data storage unit 12 that is a transmission queue, and a data transmission unit 15A that extracts the essence of sensor data stored in the transmission data storage unit 12 and transmits the extracted essence by second wireless communication. As a result, the essence of the sensor data is extracted and transmitted, so that the communication band can be saved.

  Specifically, the sensor unit 14 may acquire information with a device ID when the RSSI is equal to or greater than a threshold value. Thereby, since data is discarded when RSSI is not more than a threshold value, data can be acquired accurately.

  When sensor data having the same device ID as the sensor data acquired by the sensor unit 14 is stored in the sensor data storage unit 11, it is not necessary to store the sensor data in the sensor data storage unit 11 in an overlapping manner. Thereby, when the same person 3 puts on the same place, only the earliest information within the data holding time t can be stored in the sensor data storage unit 11.

  When sensor data having the same device ID as the sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit 11 is stored in the transmission data storage unit 12, only time information may be added to the time column of the corresponding device ID. Thereby, when the same person 3 puts on the same place, only the earliest information within the data holding time T can be stored in the transmission data storage unit 12.

  In addition, the present invention can be realized not only as such a bandwidth control device 10 but also as a bandwidth control method in which such a bandwidth control device 10 controls a bandwidth, It can be realized as a human flow analysis system for analyzing a human flow by using it, or as a program for causing a computer to function as each processing unit provided in such a bandwidth control device 10. Needless to say, such a program can be distributed via a recording medium such as a CD-ROM or a transmission medium such as the Internet.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sensor 10 ... Band control apparatus 11 ... Sensor data storage part 12 ... Transmission data storage part 13 ... Time counter 14 ... Sensor part (sensor acquisition part)
15A ... Data transmission unit 20 ... Server N ... Network

Claims (6)

A bandwidth control device that narrows down transmission data in order to save communication bandwidth,
A sensor acquisition unit for acquiring information with a device ID in the first wireless communication;
A sensor data storage unit for storing sensor data acquired by the sensor acquisition unit;
A transmission data storage unit that is a transmission queue used when transmitting sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit;
A band control apparatus comprising: a data transmission unit that extracts essence of sensor data stored in the transmission data storage unit and transmits the extracted essence by second wireless communication.   The band control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sensor acquisition unit acquires information accompanied by the device ID when an RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) is equal to or greater than a threshold value.   When sensor data having the same device ID as sensor data acquired by the sensor acquisition unit is stored in the sensor data storage unit, the sensor data is not redundantly stored in the sensor data storage unit. Item 3. The bandwidth control device according to Item 2.   The sensor data having the same device ID as the sensor data stored in the sensor data storage unit is stored in the transmission data storage unit, and only time information is added to the time column of the corresponding device ID. 4. The bandwidth control device according to 3.   A band control method in which the band control device according to claim 1 controls a band.   The program which makes a computer function as each process part with which the zone | band control apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4 is provided.

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