JP2018172833A - Melt spinning apparatus - Google Patents

Melt spinning apparatus Download PDF

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JP2018172833A
JP2018172833A JP2017073330A JP2017073330A JP2018172833A JP 2018172833 A JP2018172833 A JP 2018172833A JP 2017073330 A JP2017073330 A JP 2017073330A JP 2017073330 A JP2017073330 A JP 2017073330A JP 2018172833 A JP2018172833 A JP 2018172833A
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spinning
superheated steam
extruder
spinning cylinder
cylinder
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JP6963224B2 (en
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清己 吉村
Kiyomi Yoshimura
清己 吉村
広瀬 幸雄
Yukio Hirose
幸雄 広瀬
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a melt spinning apparatus capable of suppressing generation of organic gas and deterioration due to oxidization in spinning of a fiber using a thermoplastic polymer.SOLUTION: The apparatus comprises an extruder and a spinning cylinder for spinning molten polymer extruded from the extruder, the apparatus having a superheated steam generator for supplying superheated steam into the spinning cylinder and capable of controlling the interior of the spinning cylinder to a reducing atmosphere with superheated steam.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、繊維を溶融紡糸するための装置に関し、特に繊維の品質向上,有機系ガスの低減に係る。   The present invention relates to an apparatus for melt spinning fibers, and particularly relates to improvement of fiber quality and reduction of organic gases.

熱可塑性ポリマーを用いて繊維を紡糸する方法として、溶融紡糸方法が公知である。
溶融紡糸は、押出機を用いて溶融した溶融ポリマーをギアポンプ等にて、細い複数の孔を有する口金に通して複数のフィラメントを押し出して、これを糸に紡ぎ、ロール等にて巻き取ることで、製造されている。
ここで、溶融したポリマーを口金からフィラメントとして吐出させた状態では軟らかく、冷却固化させる必要がある。
しかし、ポリマーの種類によっては溶融状態に加熱すると、臭いのする有機系のガスが発生するものがあったり、上記フィラメントの冷却過程にて均一に冷却されなかったり、空気中の酸素により酸化されてしまい、品質が低下する問題があったりした。
As a method for spinning fibers using a thermoplastic polymer, a melt spinning method is known.
In melt spinning, melted polymer melted using an extruder is passed through a die having a plurality of thin holes with a gear pump or the like, a plurality of filaments are extruded, and this is spun into a yarn and wound by a roll or the like. Manufactured.
Here, in a state where the molten polymer is discharged as a filament from the die, it is soft and needs to be cooled and solidified.
However, depending on the type of polymer, there are those that generate odorous organic gases when heated to a molten state, are not cooled uniformly during the cooling process of the filament, or are oxidized by oxygen in the air. As a result, there was a problem that the quality deteriorated.

均一に冷却する方法としては、例えば特許文献1に紡糸筒内を負圧に減圧することで、吸気整流部材を介して冷却固化を取り入れる技術を開示する。
しかし、これでは構造が複雑になるだけでなく、酸化を抑えることができない。
また、紡糸筒内を窒素ガス等の不活性ガスにて置換することも考えられるが、その場合も装置が複雑になる。
As a method for uniformly cooling, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for taking in cooling and solidification via an intake air rectifying member by reducing the inside of a spinning cylinder to a negative pressure.
However, this not only complicates the structure but also cannot suppress oxidation.
It is also conceivable to replace the inside of the spinning cylinder with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas, but in that case, the apparatus becomes complicated.

特開2003−193325号公報JP 2003-193325 A

本発明は、熱可塑性ポリマーを用いた繊維の紡糸において、有機性ガスの発生及び酸化による劣化を抑えることができる溶融紡糸装置の提供を目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a melt spinning apparatus capable of suppressing deterioration due to generation of organic gas and oxidation during fiber spinning using a thermoplastic polymer.

本発明に係る溶融紡糸装置は、押出機と、前記押出機から押し出された溶融ポリマーを紡糸する紡糸筒を備え、前記紡糸筒内に過熱蒸気を供給するための過熱蒸気生成器を有し、前記紡糸筒内を過熱蒸気にて還元雰囲気に制御することができることを特徴とする。
ここで過熱蒸気とは、水の沸騰により発生した水蒸気をさらに100℃を超える温度に過熱した蒸気をいう。
このような過熱蒸気は、乾燥したドライ蒸気である。
従って、過熱蒸気の状態では無色透明であり、紡糸筒内に充填すると空気が紡糸筒外に押し出され、低酸素となり、紡糸筒内が還元雰囲気となる。
The melt spinning apparatus according to the present invention includes an extruder and a spinning cylinder for spinning the molten polymer extruded from the extruder, and has a superheated steam generator for supplying superheated steam into the spinning cylinder, The inside of the spinning cylinder can be controlled to a reducing atmosphere with superheated steam.
Here, the superheated steam refers to steam obtained by superheating steam generated by boiling water to a temperature exceeding 100 ° C.
Such superheated steam is dried dry steam.
Accordingly, it is colorless and transparent in the superheated steam state, and when filled into the spinning cylinder, air is pushed out of the spinning cylinder, resulting in low oxygen and a reducing atmosphere inside the spinning cylinder.

本発明において、紡糸筒内の還元状態を維持しやすくするのに、紡糸筒は上部に設けた前記溶融ポリマーから複数本のフィラメントにするための口金と、下部に設けた紡糸の取出部と、前記口金の位置より下側であって紡糸筒の側壁に前記過熱蒸気の吐出口を有し、前記紡糸筒の下端開口部と前記紡糸の取出部との間をシールしてあってもよい。
このようにすると、紡糸筒内に外気が入るのを抑えることが容易である。
また、紡糸筒の下端開口部を糸の取り出し口を確保しつつ、ウオーターシールすると、紡糸筒内に発生したガスの吸収効果も生ずる。
過熱蒸気の吐出口を紡糸筒の上下方向の途中に設けることで、紡糸筒の上部側が相対的に高温低酸素状態となり、下部側を低温低酸素状態にすることができる。
フィラメントの冷却固化を促進するために、この低温低酸素エリアを冷却器等を介した循環冷却エリアにしてもよい。
In the present invention, in order to make it easy to maintain the reduced state in the spinning cylinder, the spinning cylinder has a base for forming a plurality of filaments from the molten polymer provided in the upper part, a spinning take-out part provided in the lower part, The superheated steam discharge port may be provided on the side wall of the spinning cylinder below the position of the base, and the space between the lower end opening of the spinning cylinder and the take-out portion of the spinning may be sealed.
In this way, it is easy to suppress the outside air from entering the spinning cylinder.
Further, when water sealing is performed while securing the yarn outlet at the lower end opening of the spinning cylinder, an effect of absorbing gas generated in the spinning cylinder is also produced.
By providing the superheated steam outlet in the middle of the spinning cylinder in the vertical direction, the upper side of the spinning cylinder can be relatively hot and hypoxic, and the lower side can be cold and hypoxic.
In order to promote the cooling and solidification of the filament, this low-temperature and low-oxygen area may be a circulating cooling area through a cooler or the like.

本発明において、押出機の溶融ポリマーの溶出部と前記口金に溶融ポリマーを計量移送するために設けたギアポンプとの間に密閉ホッパーを有し、前記密閉ホッパー内に過熱蒸気を供給するための過熱蒸気生成器を有するようにしてもよい。
このようにすると、溶融ポリマーをフィラメントする前に過熱蒸気と接触させることができ、有機性ガスを過熱蒸気で分解し、臭いが少なくなる。
ここで、密閉ホッパーと表現したのは、外気の侵入を抑える意味であり、内部に吐出した過熱蒸気はガスとともに外部に排気し、水冷スクラバー等の浄化装置にてクリーンにした後に大気中に放出してもよい。
In the present invention, there is a sealed hopper between a melt polymer elution part of an extruder and a gear pump provided for metering and transporting the molten polymer to the die, and superheat for supplying superheated steam into the sealed hopper You may make it have a steam generator.
In this way, the molten polymer can be brought into contact with the superheated steam before filamentation, and the organic gas is decomposed with the superheated steam and the odor is reduced.
Here, the expression “closed hopper” means to suppress the intrusion of the outside air, and the superheated steam discharged inside is exhausted to the outside together with the gas, and then released to the atmosphere after being cleaned by a purification device such as a water-cooled scrubber. May be.

本発明において、押出機に原材料を投入するホッパーから押出スクリューの経路に過熱蒸気の通過手段を有するようにしてもよい。
このようにすると、押出機にてポリマーを溶融する前に過熱蒸気にてペレット等の原材料中に含まれるガスを取り除くことができる。
In the present invention, a superheated steam passing means may be provided in the path of the extrusion screw from the hopper that inputs the raw material to the extruder.
If it does in this way, before melt | dissolving a polymer with an extruder, the gas contained in raw materials, such as a pellet, can be removed with superheated steam.

本発明においては、ポリマーを溶融する工程、あるいはフィラメントを紡糸する工程を過熱蒸気にて低酸素状態にしたので、酸化を抑え、臭い等のガスを低減することができる。   In the present invention, since the step of melting the polymer or the step of spinning the filament is brought into a low oxygen state with superheated steam, oxidation can be suppressed and gas such as odor can be reduced.

本発明に係る溶融紡糸装置の構造例を示す。The structural example of the melt spinning apparatus which concerns on this invention is shown. 紡糸筒の構造例を示す。An example of the structure of a spinning cylinder is shown. 過熱蒸気生成器の構造例を示す。The structural example of a superheated steam generator is shown.

図1に本発明に係る紡糸装置の構成例を示し、図2に紡糸筒の構造例を示す。
押出機10は、シリンダー11内に図示を省略したスクリューを有し、このスクリューがモーター等の駆動部12により回転制御されている。
ホッパー13から投入されたペレット等のポリマー原材料は、スクリューの回転により混練されながら溶融する。
スクリューの回転により、原材料が練り込まれることで温度が上昇し溶融化するが、本実施例では複数のヒーターH〜Hにより加熱ゾーンを区分けした。
加熱制御装置14にてゾーン(H),ゾーン(H),ゾーン(H),ゾーン(H)の4つのゾーン毎に温度制御し、ポリマーに適した加熱管理ができるようになっている。
これにより、例えばゾーン(H)〜ゾーン(H)に向けて200〜400℃の温度勾配を設定することができる。
本実施例で特徴的なのは、ホッパー13からスクリューにて原材料が送り込まれる過程で、過熱蒸気を通過させて酸素(空気)の混入量を低下させた点にある。
図1にてHE,HE,HEは、加熱蒸気生成器を示し、その構造は後述する。
FIG. 1 shows a structural example of a spinning device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a structural example of a spinning cylinder.
The extruder 10 has a screw (not shown) in a cylinder 11, and this screw is rotationally controlled by a drive unit 12 such as a motor.
Polymer raw materials such as pellets fed from the hopper 13 melt while being kneaded by the rotation of the screw.
As the raw material is kneaded by the rotation of the screw, the temperature rises and melts. In this example, the heating zones were divided by a plurality of heaters H 1 to H 4 .
The heating control device 14 can control the temperature for each of the four zones of the zone (H 1 ), the zone (H 2 ), the zone (H 3 ), and the zone (H 4 ), thereby enabling heating management suitable for the polymer. ing.
Thereby, for example, a temperature gradient of 200 to 400 ° C. can be set from the zone (H 1 ) to the zone (H 4 ).
The characteristic of this embodiment is that the amount of oxygen (air) mixed is reduced by passing superheated steam in the process of feeding the raw material from the hopper 13 with a screw.
In FIG. 1, HE 1 , HE 2 , and HE 3 indicate heating steam generators, and the structure thereof will be described later.

シリンダー11の先の吐出部11aからは、溶融状態になった溶融ポリマーが密閉ホッパー20内に投入される。
密閉ホッパー20の周壁には、加熱ヒーターHが配置されている。
比較的に高温に加熱され、過熱蒸気生成器HEにて発生させた過熱蒸気を内部に吐出する。
過熱蒸気は、落下してくる溶融ポリマーに向けて吐出され、その後は排気管Gを経由してクリーン装置40にて洗浄され、大気中に放出される(V)。
これにより、溶融ポリマーM中に含まれていたガスが取り除かれる。
次に、ギアポンプ21にて計量されながら、複数の小さな孔からなるノズルを有する口金に送られ、紡糸筒30内にマルチフィラメントFとして押し出される。
From the discharge part 11 a at the tip of the cylinder 11, the molten polymer in a molten state is charged into the sealed hopper 20.
The peripheral wall of the closed hopper 20 is a heater H 5 are arranged.
The superheated steam that is heated to a relatively high temperature and is generated by the superheated steam generator HE 2 is discharged inside.
Superheated steam is discharged toward the fall and come molten polymer, then is washed with a clean unit 40 via the exhaust pipe G 1, is released into the atmosphere (V).
Thereby, the gas contained in the molten polymer M is removed.
Next, while being measured by the gear pump 21, it is sent to a die having a nozzle composed of a plurality of small holes, and is extruded as a multifilament F into the spinning cylinder 30.

紡糸筒30の拡大図を図2に示す。
紡糸筒30の天井は、排気口30dを除いて密閉されている。
紡糸筒の上部に配置した口金31のノズルから吐出したポリマーは、フィラメントFとなり、下部にて紡糸され、取出部33から図示を省略したロール等にて巻き取られる。
紡糸筒の下端の開口部は、取出部33の周囲を密閉した貯水部32を形成し、水Wにてウオーターシールされている。
紡糸筒30の側壁から口金31の真下に向けて過熱蒸気が吐出されるように、過熱蒸気生成器HEを取り付けてある。
紡糸筒30内に供給された過熱蒸気にて上部側の高温低酸素エリアAと下部側の低温低酸素エリアAとにゾーン分けされている。
ゾーンの温度は、ポリマーの材質に合せて適宜、選定される。
高温低酸素エリアA中のガス等は、過熱蒸気とともに排気管Gを経由して、クリーンにした後は大気に放出される。
低温低酸素エリアAでは、内部の過熱蒸気が含まれる気体を吸引口30aから吸引し、冷却器34を経由してウオーターシールの吐出口30bから紡糸筒30内に戻す循環系34aを形成してある。
これによりフィラメントは、低温低酸素エリアAにて充分に冷却固化される。
ウオーターシールにてガスが取り除かれ、オーバーフローした水は排出口Wから排出される。
クリーン装置40は、水冷スクラバーになっていて、洗浄後の水Wは排水される。
An enlarged view of the spinning cylinder 30 is shown in FIG.
The ceiling of the spinning cylinder 30 is sealed except for the exhaust port 30d.
The polymer discharged from the nozzle of the base 31 disposed at the upper part of the spinning cylinder becomes a filament F, is spun at the lower part, and is wound up from the take-out part 33 by a roll or the like (not shown).
The opening at the lower end of the spinning cylinder forms a water storage section 32 in which the periphery of the take-out section 33 is sealed, and is water-sealed with water W.
The superheated steam generator HE 3 is attached so that the superheated steam is discharged from the side wall of the spinning cylinder 30 directly below the base 31.
Is zoned into a high temperature and low oxygen area A 1 of the upper side lower side of the low-temperature low-oxygen area A 2 at the supplied superheated steam to the spinning tube 30.
The temperature of the zone is appropriately selected according to the polymer material.
Gas such as high-temperature low-oxygen area A in 1 via the exhaust pipe G 2 together with the superheated steam, after cleaned is discharged to the atmosphere.
In the low-temperature low-oxygen area A 2, sucks gas contained internal superheated steam from the suction port 30a, the circulation system 34a back to the spinning chimney 30 formed from the discharge port 30b of the water seal via a cooler 34 It is.
Thus filaments are sufficiently cooled and solidified at low temperatures hypoxic area A 2.
Gas is removed in a water seal, overflow water is discharged from the discharge port W 1.
Clean device 40, it becomes water cooling scrubber water W 2 after washing is drained.

過熱蒸気生成器HEの構造例を図3に示す。
本出願人らは、過熱蒸気生成器をハイドロエンジンと称し、HEの略語を用いた。
HEは、略L字型のケース体51からなり、下部側の水Wを貯める貯水部51bと、この貯水部51bから上方に立設した水蒸気過熱空間部51aを有する。
貯水部51bにはヒーター52を配設し、外部ケーブルと端子52a,52bをつなぐ。
水蒸気過熱空間部51aには過熱ヒーター53を配設し、外部ケーブルと端子53a,53bをつなぐ。
貯水部51bのヒーター52にて水が加熱され、水蒸気が発生する。
発生した水蒸気は、過熱空間部51aにて過熱ヒーター53により、300〜550℃の過熱蒸気に過熱される。
過熱蒸気生成器HEへの水Wの供給は、外部に設けた貯水タンク60と配管で連通した状態で貯水部51bの給水口54に連結されている。
従って、貯水部51bの水位が下がると、貯水タンク60との水位差のみで水が補給される。
この水位は、水位計62にて確認できるようにしてある。
また、貯水タンク60は、水位が一定になるようにオーバーフロー部61を設け、水道管等と連結し、バルブ調整する。
なお、本発明に係る過熱蒸気発生器は、貯水部とその上方に設けた水蒸気過熱空間部があれば、L字構造に限定されない。
A structural example of the superheated steam generator HE is shown in FIG.
Applicants called the superheated steam generator a hydro engine and used the abbreviation for HE.
The HE is composed of a substantially L-shaped case body 51, and has a water storage part 51b for storing water W on the lower side, and a steam superheated space part 51a standing upward from the water storage part 51b.
A heater 52 is disposed in the water storage section 51b to connect the external cable and the terminals 52a and 52b.
A superheater 53 is disposed in the steam superheat space 51a to connect the external cable and the terminals 53a and 53b.
Water is heated by the heater 52 of the water reservoir 51b, and water vapor is generated.
The generated water vapor is superheated to superheated steam at 300 to 550 ° C. by the superheater 53 in the superheated space 51a.
The supply of water W to the superheated steam generator HE is connected to the water supply port 54 of the water storage section 51b in a state where the water W communicates with a water storage tank 60 provided outside.
Accordingly, when the water level of the water storage section 51b is lowered, water is replenished only by the difference in water level from the water storage tank 60.
This water level can be confirmed by a water level gauge 62.
Further, the water storage tank 60 is provided with an overflow portion 61 so that the water level becomes constant, and is connected to a water pipe or the like to adjust the valve.
In addition, if the superheated steam generator which concerns on this invention has a water storage part and the water vapor | steam superheated space part provided above it, it will not be limited to an L-shaped structure.

10 押出機
11 シリンダー
12 駆動部
13 ホッパー
14 加熱制御装置
30 紡糸筒
31 口金
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Extruder 11 Cylinder 12 Drive part 13 Hopper 14 Heating control apparatus 30 Spinning cylinder 31 Cap

Claims (4)

押出機と、前記押出機から押し出された溶融ポリマーを紡糸する紡糸筒を備え、
前記紡糸筒内に過熱蒸気を供給するための過熱蒸気生成器を有し、
前記紡糸筒内を過熱蒸気にて還元雰囲気に制御することができることを特徴とする溶融紡糸装置。
An extruder, and a spinning cylinder for spinning the molten polymer extruded from the extruder,
A superheated steam generator for supplying superheated steam into the spinning cylinder;
A melt spinning apparatus characterized in that the inside of the spinning cylinder can be controlled to a reducing atmosphere with superheated steam.
前記紡糸筒は上部に設けた前記溶融ポリマーから複数本のフィラメントにするための口金と、下部に設けた紡糸の取出部と、前記口金の位置より下側であって紡糸筒の側壁に前記過熱蒸気の吐出口を有し、前記紡糸筒の下端開口部と前記紡糸の取出部との間をシールしてあることを特徴とする請求項1記載の溶融紡糸装置。   The spinneret is a base for forming a plurality of filaments from the molten polymer provided in the upper part, a spinning take-out part provided in the lower part, and the superheater on the side wall of the spinneret below the position of the base. 2. The melt spinning apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a steam discharge port, wherein a gap between a lower end opening of the spinning cylinder and a take-out portion of the spinning is sealed. 前記押出機の溶融ポリマーの溶出部と前記口金に溶融ポリマーを計量移送するために設けたギアポンプとの間に密閉ホッパーを有し、
前記密閉ホッパー内に過熱蒸気を供給するための過熱蒸気生成器を有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の溶融紡糸装置。
A hermetic hopper between the molten polymer elution part of the extruder and a gear pump provided for metering and transferring the molten polymer to the die;
The melt spinning apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a superheated steam generator for supplying superheated steam into the hermetic hopper.
前記押出機に原材料を投入するホッパーから押出スクリューの経路に過熱蒸気の通過手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の溶融紡糸装置。   The melt spinning apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a superheated steam passage means in a path of an extrusion screw from a hopper that inputs the raw material to the extruder.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116555927A (en) * 2023-05-30 2023-08-08 广州泰达纤维制品有限公司 Constant-temperature fiber preparation device and preparation process thereof

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4737544Y1 (en) * 1970-12-08 1972-11-14
JPS4841771B1 (en) * 1970-07-09 1973-12-08
JPS61152808A (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-11 Toray Ind Inc Method and apparatus for melt spinning of synthetic fiber
JPH05311512A (en) * 1992-05-01 1993-11-22 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Production of polyester yarn
JPH07149816A (en) * 1993-08-20 1995-06-13 Fried Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp Separation of multicomponent substance mixture with extruder

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4841771B1 (en) * 1970-07-09 1973-12-08
JPS4737544Y1 (en) * 1970-12-08 1972-11-14
JPS61152808A (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-11 Toray Ind Inc Method and apparatus for melt spinning of synthetic fiber
JPH05311512A (en) * 1992-05-01 1993-11-22 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Production of polyester yarn
JPH07149816A (en) * 1993-08-20 1995-06-13 Fried Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp Separation of multicomponent substance mixture with extruder

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116555927A (en) * 2023-05-30 2023-08-08 广州泰达纤维制品有限公司 Constant-temperature fiber preparation device and preparation process thereof
CN116555927B (en) * 2023-05-30 2024-01-23 广州泰达纤维制品有限公司 Constant-temperature fiber preparation device and preparation process thereof

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