JP2018168645A - Filtration unit and rainwater treatment facility using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a filtration filter unit that can properly treat ligneous biomass fuel and a rainwater treatment facility using the same.SOLUTION: The filtration filter unit comprises a pair of filter materials arranged parallel to each other, a sand filtration material filled between the pair of filter materials, and a frame member covering outer peripheral side surfaces of the pair of filter materials and the sand filtration material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a filtration unit and a rainwater treatment facility using the same.

  The use of woody biomass fuel as a fuel for power generation has started relatively recently. Therefore, it is not designated as a specific facility under the Water Pollution Control Law, and there is currently no water treatment technology specialized for woody biomass fuel. As technologies that can be applied to water treatment of woody biomass fuel by conventional techniques, flotation separation and coagulation sedimentation can be considered as primary treatment, and sand filtration can be considered as secondary treatment.

  For example, as a turbid water treatment system for treating turbid water, an alkali addition means for adding an alkaline substance so that the first treated water in the first agglomeration reaction tank becomes alkaline, and a second in the second agglomeration reaction tank. Acid addition means for adding an acidic substance so that the water to be treated becomes acidic, first flocculant addition means for adding the first flocculant to the first water to be treated, and second to the second water to be treated. Based on the second flocculating agent adding means for adding the flocculating agent, the turbidity / SS detecting means for detecting the turbidity or SS concentration of turbid water, and the turbidity or SS concentration detected by the turbidity / SS detecting means. There is known a turbid water treatment system comprising a flocculant control means for controlling the amount of the first flocculant added (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the turbid water treatment system described in Patent Document 1, the amount of the first flocculant is controlled on the basis of turbidity or SS concentration. Therefore, the turbid water treatment system can be applied even when the properties of turbid water fluctuate greatly. It is said that it can also be applied to disaster waste that has occurred.

JP 2016-389

  However, even in the turbid water treatment system described in Patent Document 1, the prior art of turbid water treatment requires initial costs such as mechanical equipment, chemicals, power costs, etc. so that a plurality of reaction tanks, a flocculant addition means, and the like are required. The running cost is necessary and the cost may increase. For this reason, an inexpensive water treatment technique is required.

  By the way, among the woody biomass fuel, the palm kernel shell (hereinafter referred to as “PKS”) is a shell after squeezing nuclear oil from the seeds of oil palm palm fruit, and has recently been adopted as a woody biomass fuel. It has become like this. Since PKS is a woody shell, when exposed to rain water, fine wood chips and the like on the surface may be washed away and added to the turbid water as suspended matter and drained. This turbid water may exceed the uniform drainage standard of the Water Pollution Control Law in SS (suspension / suspension material) and COD (chemical oxygen demand), so appropriate treatment in rainwater treatment facilities is required. .

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the filtration filter unit which can process a woody biomass fuel appropriately, and a rainwater treatment facility using the same.

In order to achieve the above object, a filtration unit according to an aspect of the present invention includes a pair of filter materials arranged in parallel to each other,
A sand filter medium filled between the pair of filter materials;
And a frame material that covers the outer peripheral side surfaces of the pair of filter materials and the sand filter material.

  According to the present invention, rainwater can be filtered at all depths.

It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of an example of the filtration unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the polyhedral figure which showed the structure of an example of the filtration unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2A is a side view of the filtration unit according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2B is a rear view of the filtration unit according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2C is a front view of the filtration unit according to this embodiment. It is a top view of the filtration unit concerning this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the water stop structure between filtration units. It is the figure which showed an example of the rainwater treatment facility using the filtration unit which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which showed an example of the pre-processing filter. FIG. 6A is an overall view of an example of the pre-processing filter. FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of the screen of the pretreatment filter.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of an example of a filtration unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the filtration unit 60 according to the present embodiment includes a sand filter medium 10 and a pair of filter media 20. The pair of filter materials 20 are provided so as to be parallel to each other, and the space between the pair of filter materials 20 is filled with the sand filter material 10. As shown in FIG. 1, when rainwater drainage containing PKS residue, mud, etc. (hereinafter referred to as “PKS etc.”) is on the left side of the filtration unit 60, it passes through the filtration unit 60 and enters the right side. Filtration is performed when moving to, and treated water (purified water) from which PKS and the like have been removed is obtained.

  Although the filtration unit concerning this embodiment is applicable to various uses, it can be applied suitably for the use which purifies rainwater drainage generated from woody biomass fuel. When using in such an application, if a plurality of filtration units 60 are arranged so as to form the wall surface of the rainwater storage tank, the rainwater drainage is always filtered regardless of the depth of the rainwater drainage stored in the rainwater storage tank. It can be carried out. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, if the filtration unit 60 having a cross-sectional structure in which the sand filter material 10 is sandwiched between a pair of filter materials 20 is disposed so as to extend vertically from the bottom of the rainwater retention tank, Regardless of whether the water depth is shallow or deep, rainwater drainage containing PKS or the like can always come into contact with the filtration unit 60 and can always be filtered through the wall surface of the rainwater storage tank. In addition, if the rainwater storage outer tank is provided outside the rainwater storage tank and the drainage treatment facility is configured so as to allow drainage from here, the treated water purified by the filtration process can be drained.

  In addition, rainwater drainage generated by power generation using woody biomass fuel contains a lot of suspended matter COD such as wood waste, and removal of suspended matter is effective not only for SS but also for reducing COD. Can be expected.

  The filtration unit 60 according to the present embodiment is extremely effective for removing such suspended substances, and the rainwater storage is achieved by using a filtration wall that is constituted by the filtration unit 60 from the lower end to the upper end of the wall surface of the rainwater storage tank. Allows drainage of treated water (purified water) filtered at the full depth of the tank. In addition, since suspended substances in the stored rainwater drainage naturally precipitate, the sediment may be removed when the rainwater drainage is exhausted. That is, if the wall surface of a rainwater storage tank is formed using the filtration unit 60 which concerns on this embodiment, a rainwater storage tank can be equipped with the function of both a sedimentation tank and a filtration tank.

  Here, as described above, the filtration unit 60 has a structure in which the sand filter medium 10 is sandwiched between the pair of filter media 20, but by sandwiching the sand filter media 10 between the filter media 20, the inside of the sand filter media 10. Of fine particles can be prevented and deterioration of the sand filter medium 10 can be suppressed.

  As described above, various sand materials can be used as the sand filter material 10 as long as PKS can be trapped.

  The filter material 20 holds the sand filter material 10 and literally has a role as a filter, prevents fine particles from entering the sand filter material 10, and reduces deterioration of the sand filter material 10. For example, a non-woven fabric may be used for the filter material 20. As the non-woven fabric, an appropriate non-woven fabric may be selected according to the use, but for example, a polyester short fiber non-woven fabric may be used. Specifically, for example, “Sandoff S-10G” manufactured by Maeda Kosen Co., Ltd. may be used.

  Next, the configuration of the filtration unit 60 will be described in more detail.

  FIG. 2 is a multi-face diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of the filtration unit 60 according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a side view of the filtration unit 60 according to this embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a rear view of the filtration unit 60 according to this embodiment. Moreover, FIG.2 (c) is a front view of the filtration unit 60 which concerns on this embodiment. In addition, although Fig.2 (a) is a side view as a whole, about the part, it is a partial sectional view so that the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 can be visually recognized.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the filtration unit 60 is configured by filling the sand filter medium 10 between a pair of filter materials 20 arranged in parallel. The pair of filter media 20 extends from the lower end to the upper end, and is filled with the sand filter media 10 from the lower end to the upper end.

  In addition, the height H (refer FIG.2 (c)) of the filtration unit 60 is comprised by the height same as the height H of the wall surface of a rainwater storage tank, when the filtration unit 60 is used for the wall surface of a rainwater storage tank. Is done. For example, since the height of the rainwater storage tank is often configured to a height of 2 m or more and 3 m or less, the height H of the filtration unit 60 is set to a height of 2 m or more and 3 m or less, for example, 2.5 m. May be.

  Moreover, the thickness of the filtration unit 60 is determined in consideration of the thickness of the sand filter medium 10 necessary for performing the filtration treatment of rainwater including PKS, and may be, for example, 20 cm or more and 40 cm or less. More specifically, for example, the filtration unit 60 may be configured with a thickness of 30 cm.

  As shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the outer peripheral side surfaces of the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 are covered with a frame material 30. The frame material 30 is literally configured in a frame shape, and holds the sand filter material 10 and the pair of filter materials 20 from the outside. Therefore, the frame material 30 has at least a portion extending in the thickness direction of the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 30, and has a portion that contacts and holds the outer peripheral side surfaces of the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20. Moreover, it is preferable that the frame material 30 has a part which covers the peripheral part of the planar shape part of the filter material 20 in order to hold | maintain the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 reliably. Thereby, the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 can be reliably held in the frame material 30.

  Furthermore, a net member 40 is attached to the frame member 30 so as to cover each surface of the pair of filter members 20. By covering the outer peripheral side surfaces of the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 with the frame material 30 and covering the filter material 20 with the net material 40 from both sides, the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 can be reliably held.

  The net member 40 may have a plate-like frame 41 that forms an outer frame, and may be configured integrally with the frame member 30 by attaching the frame 41 to the frame member 30 with bolts 42. In this case, if the frame material 30 has a portion that covers the peripheral edge of the filter material 20, and the frame 41 is attached to the portion with the bolt 42, the mesh material 40 can be easily attached to the frame material 30. Can do.

  The frame material 30 and the net material 40 may be made of various materials as long as the sand filter material 10 and the filter material 20 can be appropriately held, but may be made of a metal material such as steel, for example. By configuring the frame member 30 and the net member 40 using an appropriate metal material such as steel, sufficient strength and corrosion resistance can be obtained.

  The size of the lattice of the net material 40 may be an appropriate value depending on the application, but may be a size in the range of 5 cm × 5 cm to 20 cm × 20 cm, for example. More specifically, for example, the lattice size of the net member 40 may be set to 10 cm × 10 cm.

  As shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the net member 40 may use the same net member 40 on the front side and the back side unless there is a special application. Since the mesh material 40 on both sides is sufficient, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. On the contrary, when it is desired to change the configuration such as the size and shape of the mesh between the front side and the back side, the front side and the back side may be configured differently. Here, the front side means the surface forming the inner wall of the rainwater storage tank, and the back side means the surface forming the outer wall of the rainwater storage tank. Further, the width of the filtration unit 60 may be configured to an appropriate width depending on the application, but if it is too small, a very large number of sheets are required to form the inner wall of the rainwater storage tank, and if it is too large, the weight is too large. For example, the width may be in the range of 50 cm to 2.0 m. More specifically, for example, the width W may be 1 m.

  Thus, since the filtration unit 60 is comprised in the unit shape, also when it uses so that the wall surface of a rainwater storage tank may be comprised, replacement | exchange for every unit is possible. Therefore, the maintenance of the rainwater storage tank can be made very easy. For example, when the filter material 20 is clogged, it is possible to wash the filter material 20 by pouring water on the filter material 20 from outside the mesh material 40 when rainwater drainage is not stored. If the clogging of the filter material 20 still does not disappear, the net material 40 can be removed and the filter material 20 can be removed and washed, or the sand filter material 10 can be washed. Furthermore, when these useful lives are reached, the sand filter medium 10 and the filter medium 20 can be appropriately replaced. If the filtration unit 60 is removed from the rainwater storage tank 60 to perform these cleaning and replacement operations, it is possible to maintain the single filtration unit 60, so that maintenance can be made very easy. it can. In addition, when the sand filter medium 10 and the filter material 20 are replaced, it can be performed in units of the filtration unit 60, and it is not necessary to replace the sand filter medium 10 and the filter medium 20 on the entire wall surface. Can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, the filtration unit 60 may further include water blocking rubbers 50 and 51. When the filtration unit 60 is arranged so as to form the wall surface of the rainwater storage tank, the water-stopping rubbers 50 and 51 are used as sealing materials to prevent leakage of rainwater drainage from the gap between the filtration units 60 arranged adjacent to each other. Details of this point will be described later. In addition, the water stop rubber 50 generally provided from the lower part to the upper part of the filtration unit 60 is a sealing material provided between adjacent filtration units 60 for the above-mentioned purpose, and the water stop rubber 51 at the lower end is It is a sealing material provided on the facility side of the rainwater storage tank. The waterproof rubber 51 at the lower end prevents leakage of rainwater drainage at the lower end of the filtration unit 60, and all rainwater flowing out to the rainwater storage outer tub is the filter portion of the filtration unit 60 (the filter material 20 and the sand filter material 10). It is provided so that it may pass.

  FIG. 3 is a top view of the filtration unit 60 according to the present embodiment. As FIG. 3 shows, when the filtration unit 60 is comprised by the rectangular parallelepiped, the upper surface of the frame material 30 becomes a rectangle. A sand inlet 33 may be provided on the upper surface of the frame member 30 as necessary. When the sand filter medium 10 is insufficient, the sand filter medium 10 can be inserted between the filter medium 20 through the sand inlet 33, and the sand filter medium 10 can be maintained at an appropriate amount. Thereby, the shortage of the sand filter medium 10 can be compensated without removing the mesh material 40 and the filter material 30, and maintenance can be facilitated.

  In addition, you may provide the engaging part for performing the suspension holding | maintenance by machines, such as a crane, easily on the upper surface of the frame material 30 as needed. As described above, the filtration unit 60 has the same size as the tatami mat 1 or larger than the tatami mat, and includes the sand filter medium 10, the frame material 30 made of a metal material such as steel, and the net material 40. The weight is expected to be about 2t. Therefore, when handling such heavy objects, a machine such as a crane is often used. Therefore, a structure that can be easily supported and conveyed by the crane or the like may be added as appropriate.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example of a water stop structure between the filtration units 60. FIG. 4 shows a plan view in the case where two filtration units 60 are connected and fixed to form a wall surface of a rainwater reservoir. As described above, since the filtration unit 60 is exchanged for each unit as necessary, the adjacent filtration units 60 cannot be fixed in close contact with each other, and are arranged with a slight gap G. Often done. In such a case, since the rainwater drainage leaks from the gap G, it is preferable to provide a water stop structure that prevents the rainwater drainage from leaking.

  In FIG. 4, the frame material 30 includes a side surface portion 31 that covers the outer peripheral side surfaces of the sand filter material 10 and the frame material 20, and an edge portion 32 that covers the peripheral edge portion of the frame material 20. The side portions 31 of the adjacent frame members 30 have a gap G, and rainwater drainage leaks from the gap G. Therefore, the water stop rubber 50 is provided so as to straddle the edge portions 32 of the adjacent frame members 30 and the gap G is closed. Thereby, the gap G between the frame members 30 adjacent to each other with the water blocking rubber 50 can be sealed, and leakage of rainwater drainage can be prevented.

  The adjacent frame members 30 are preferably connected and fixed using a fixing jig 70. By fixing the adjacent frame members 30 with the fixing jig 70, the water stop rubber 50 can be provided at an appropriate position to close the gap G between the two, and the rainwater drainage can be reliably prevented from leaking. The fixing jig 70 may have various structures as long as it is a means capable of connecting and fixing the frame members 30 of the adjacent filtration units 60 to each other. In FIG. 4, a structure in which the pressing portion 73 presses the water blocking rubber 50 by fixing a plate member 71 having a width that covers most of the edge portion 32 of the frame material 30 and extending in the vertical direction with bolts 72. The fixing jig 70 is exemplified as a fixing means. However, various fixing members can be used as long as the filtration units 60 can be fixedly connected to each other and the gap G between the filtration units 60 can be sealed with a sealing material such as a water blocking rubber 50. It may be a structure.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a rainwater treatment facility using the filtration unit 60 according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the rainwater treatment facility is configured by providing a rainwater storage tank 65 formed by arranging filtration units 60 inside the rainwater storage outer tank 90. In the rainwater storage tank 65, the filtration unit 60 is arranged so that the long side is vertical and the short side is horizontal, and a plurality of the filtration units 60 are arranged side by side to constitute a wall surface of the rainwater storage tank 65. The filtration units 60 are connected to each other by, for example, the structure described with reference to FIG. The inside of the rainwater storage tank 65 constitutes a sedimentation basin 80, and sediments such as wood chips that settle in the sedimentation basin 80 without passing through the filtration unit 60 are collected when the rainwater drainage is exhausted. Thus, the rainwater storage tank 65 of the rainwater treatment facility according to the present embodiment has both a function as a filtering device and a function as the sedimentation basin 80.

  First, rainwater drainage 130 containing PKS or the like to be filtered is collected through the side groove 120 from the PKS yard and supplied to the pretreatment filter 100. The rainwater drainage 130 includes a PKS main body having a size of 5 mm to 30 mm as a contaminant. If water is introduced into the treatment facility as it is, it may cause clogging of the filtration unit 60. Therefore, if necessary, a pretreatment filter 100 may be provided in the rainwater storage tank 65 in the previous stage (upstream side) of the rainwater drainage 130.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the preprocessing filter 100. As long as the pretreatment filter 100 can remove impurities including the PKS main body, various filter devices may be used. For example, as shown in FIG. A filter may be used.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the unifilter used as the pretreatment filter 100 generates a vertical swirl flow with the two guide plates 102 for the rainwater drainage 130 introduced from the introduction pipe 101. The screen 103 is not clogged by the self-cleaning effect due to the vertical swirling flow, and maintenance is easy.

  FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of the screen 103. The screen 103 is formed with a round hole so that filtering is possible. In addition, although the diameter of a round hole may be set according to a use, you may set to 0.5 mm or more, for example.

  The unifilter has a track record of being widely used as a contaminant removal device, does not use an electric machine structural device, and has little clogging of the screen 103, so that maintenance is easy. For example, such a unifilter may be used for the preprocessing filter 100.

  Returning to the description of FIG. The rainwater drainage 130 that has passed through the pretreatment filter 100 is introduced into the settling basin 80 via the depressurization tank 110. Here, the depressurization tank 110 is provided in order to reduce the inflow speed of the rainwater drainage 130 and to prevent impurities from rising in the sedimentation basin 80 more than necessary.

  Since the wall surface of the rainwater storage tank 65 is configured by arranging a plurality of filtration units 60, the rainwater drainage 130 in the sedimentation basin 80 contacts the filtration unit 60 at all depths when it reaches the wall surface, and is filtered. Is done. The filtered treated water is stored in the rainwater storage outer tank 90 and drained from the drainage channel 150 through the drainage tank 140.

  In addition, although the magnitude | size of the rainwater storage outer tank 90 can be variously determined suitably according to a use, for example, the horizontal 20-30m, the vertical 10-20m, the depth 3-5m, the height of the filtration filter 60 is 2. It is good also as ~ 3m. More specifically, as an example, the width of 25 m, the length of 15 m, the depth of 3.8 m, and the height of the filtration filter 60 may be set to 2.5 m.

  As described above, since the filtration unit 60 can be maintained for each unit, it can be removed and individually maintained as necessary. Moreover, what is necessary is just to collect | recover the aggregate which settled in the sedimentation basin 80, without passing through the filtration unit 60, when the rainwater drainage 130 is lost.

  Thus, according to the filtration unit 60 and the rainwater treatment facility using the same according to the present embodiment, filtration is possible at the entire depth of the rainwater drainage 130 stored in the rainwater storage tank 65, and Maintenance can be performed easily.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and substitutions can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Can be added.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sand filter material 20 Filter material 30 Frame material 31 Side surface part 32 Edge part 33 Sand inlet 40 Net material 41 Frame 50, 51 Water stop rubber 60 Filtration unit 65 Rainwater storage tank 70 Fixing jig 80 Settling basin 90 Rainwater storage outer tank 100 Pretreatment filter 130 Rainwater drainage

Claims (14)

A pair of filter materials arranged parallel to each other;
A sand filter medium filled between the pair of filter materials;
And a frame member that covers the outer peripheral side surfaces of the pair of filter members and the sand filter member.   The filtration unit according to claim 1, wherein the pair of filter materials are made of a nonwoven fabric.   The filtration unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the frame material also covers peripheral edges of the pair of filter materials.   The filtration unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the frame member is provided with a pair of net members that cover the pair of filter members. The filter material has a rectangular planar shape;
The filtration unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filtration unit is used in a vertically long manner so that the long side of the rectangle is parallel to the vertical direction.   The filtration unit according to claim 5, wherein a sand inlet is provided on an upper surface of the frame material.   The filtration unit according to claim 5 or 6, wherein an engagement member for holding the suspension is provided on the upper surface of the frame material. The long side of the rectangle has a height of 2 m or more,
The filtration unit according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a short side of the rectangle has a thickness of 50 cm or more. A rainwater storage outer tank capable of storing rainwater drainage,
A rainwater treatment facility comprising a rainwater storage tank provided in the rainwater storage outer tank and having a wall surface formed by arranging a plurality of filtration units according to any one of claims 5 to 8. Fixing means for connecting and fixing the filtration units arranged adjacent to each other with a predetermined gap;
The rainwater treatment facility according to claim 9, wherein a sealing material is provided to prevent leakage of the rainwater drainage from the predetermined gap between the filtration units arranged adjacent to each other.   The rainwater treatment facility according to claim 10, wherein the sealing material is made of rubber.   The rainwater treatment facility according to any one of claims 9 to 11, further comprising a pretreatment filter provided upstream of the rainwater storage tank.   The rainwater treatment facility according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the rainwater drainage includes woody biomass fuel.   The rainwater treatment facility according to claim 13, wherein the woody biomass fuel is a palm kernel shell.

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