JP2018162147A - Cable reel for crane - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cable reel for a crane which can be driven by simple control with a general purpose inverter while solving problems in duration of a slide coupling, wasteful power consumption, and excessive torque.SOLUTION: In a cable reel RE, a slide coupling is provided between a motor for the cable reel RE and a speed reducer connected with a cable drum. The slide amount of the slide coupling is adjusted by controlling the rotation number of the motor by using an inverter RI.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is, for example, a cable reel for supplying power to a crane suspension such as an electrohydraulic grab bucket, and a magnetic or fluid slip coupling is provided between a drive motor and a cable drum. The present invention relates to a cable reel of a crane that is using and tensioning a cable.

  A cable reel using a sliding coupling (hereinafter referred to as a “sliding coupling type cable reel”) is a simple device that generates a slip at a sliding coupling portion by rotating a drive motor in one direction of winding with a commercial power source. The structure has the feature that the cable can be easily tensioned, wound and pulled out.

  However, in this structure, heat generation of the sliding coupling is increased, and there are problems of durability of the sliding coupling, such as deterioration of bearing grease in the coupling portion, and waste of power consumption.

In addition, the sliding coupling type cable reel has a feature that the generated torque increases as sliding of the sliding coupling increases. However, in this system, the slip is the smallest and the torque is small at the time of high-speed winding that requires the most torque. On the contrary, when the cable is pulled out to reduce the torque, the torque becomes the largest, and the required performance and characteristics are reversed.
At this time, since the torque of the cable reel is set so as to secure the required torque with the torque of the high-speed winding part with the smallest torque, excessive torque is applied to the cable when the cable is pulled out, and the cable life is shortened. It was a cause of sudden failure such as disconnection and short circuit.

In order to improve the durability of sliding coupling and the problem of torque characteristics, cable reels using inverters and servo motors have been proposed to eliminate sliding coupling, but to directly control torque and sliding. A high-performance control device was necessary.
In addition, cable reels using inverters and servo motors are used to prevent this from occurring because excessive torque is applied to the cable or cable reel when the cable is pulled out while the cable is being stopped, causing damage to the cable or cable reel. A function was necessary (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-46222 A

  As described above, the conventional sliding coupling type cable reel generates a large amount of heat at the sliding coupling part, and there is a problem of life such as deterioration of the bearing due to the heat generation and a problem of wasteful power consumption due to loss of the sliding coupling part. there were.

  In the sliding coupling, the characteristics related to the speed and winding direction and the winding torque are reversed from those required for use, so that an excessive tension is applied to the cable and the life of the cable is shortened.

  On the other hand, inverter-type and servo-type cable reels that do not use sliding coupling to make up for the disadvantages of sliding-coupled cable reels require high-performance inverters and servos that can control torque. In addition, because high-performance inverters and servos require a large number of wires, such as wiring to the sensor attached to the motor, it is preferable to place the inverter and servo near the motor on the cable reel. Consideration of vibration, dust, etc. was also necessary.

  Inverter-type and servo-type cable reels, if a cable is pulled out while it is stopped, excessive torque is applied to the cable or cable reel, causing damage to the cable or cable reel. there were.

  In view of the problems of the conventional sliding coupling type cable reel, the present invention solves the problems of durability of the sliding coupling, waste of power consumption and excessive torque, and the cable reel can be easily controlled by a general-purpose inverter. An object of the present invention is to provide a crane cable reel that can be driven.

  In order to achieve the above object, a cable reel of a crane according to the present invention is a cable reel in which a sliding coupling is provided between a motor of the cable reel and a speed reducer communicating with the cable drum, and the motor is used as an inverter. The amount of sliding of the sliding coupling is adjusted by controlling the rotational speed.

  In this case, the slip amount of the slip coupling can be adjusted by controlling the rotational speed and direction of the cable reel motor based on the speed and direction of the crane hoisting device.

  In addition, when the crane is in the hoisting state, the slip amount of the sliding coupling is controlled to be large, and when the crane is in the hoisting state, the slip amount of the sliding coupling is controlled to be small. The winding torque can be adjusted.

  Also, when the crane swings, the cable reel motor is rotated in the winding direction at a low speed to eliminate the slack of the cable due to the swinging of the crane. The motor can be stopped.

The cable reel of the crane of the present invention controls the rotational speed of the input motor of the sliding coupling by inverter control so as to reduce the difference in rotational speed between the input shaft and the output shaft of the sliding coupling, that is, the sliding amount. By doing so, the heat generation of the sliding coupling is suppressed, the life of the sliding coupling is extended, and at the same time, the loss of the sliding coupling portion is suppressed, so that the power consumption can be saved.
And by interposing a slip coupling between the motor and the load, even if the motor speed control accuracy is poor, the slip difference of the slip coupling part is eliminated, so the high performance inverter It is unnecessary and can be controlled with a general-purpose inverter capable of roughly controlling the rotation speed.
Further, since sensor feedback control is not required, it is easy to dispose the cable reel inverter at a remote position.
As described above, the cable reel of the crane of the present invention has a problem of life due to heat generation of the sliding coupling of the sliding coupling type cable reel, a problem of energy consumption efficiency due to loss of the sliding coupling portion, and a cable due to excessive slippage. In addition to eliminating excessive torque to the inverter, the inverter control can be easily and roughly controlled with the rotational speed control, and the cause of cable damage when the inverter is stopped is eliminated.

  Further, the slip amount of the slip coupling is adjusted by controlling the rotational speed and direction of the motor of the cable reel based on the speed and direction of the hoisting device of the crane that raises and lowers the lifting tool. In addition, by controlling the rotation speed of the motor of the cable reel so as to reduce the fluctuation of the slip amount of the slip coupling by inverter control, the fluctuation of the output torque of the slip coupling can be suppressed to a small amount.

  In addition, when the crane is in the hoisting state (when winding the cable), the sliding amount of the sliding coupling is controlled to be large, and when the crane is in the lowering state (when pulling out the cable), the sliding coupling is controlled. By controlling so that the sliding amount of the cable becomes small, the torque can be increased when winding the cable, and the torque can be optimized when pulling the cable, so that the cable winding force can be optimized and the cable life Can prolong life.

  Also, when the crane swings, the cable reel motor is rotated in the winding direction at a low speed to eliminate the slack of the cable due to the swinging of the crane. Cable slack can be eliminated by stopping the motor.

It is a whole lineblock diagram showing one example of a cable reel of a crane of the present invention. It is structure explanatory drawing of the same sliding coupling type cable reel. It is explanatory drawing of the torque characteristic of the sliding coupling, and the characteristic which a load requires.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a cable reel of a crane according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 3 show an embodiment of a cable reel of a crane according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the cable reel of the crane of the present invention is applied to an electric hydraulic grab bucket crane such as a garbage crane.
In this electric hydraulic grab bucket type crane, the hoisting device GB such as an electric hydraulic club bucket is suspended by a wire rope WR by the hoisting device MH of the crane CR, and is fed by a hoisting device feeding cable CA. .
The suspension power supply cable CA is always pulled in the winding direction by the sliding coupling type cable reel RE, and the cable is always kept in tension even when the suspension GB moves up and down.

An example of the structure of the sliding coupling type cable reel RE used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
In the sliding coupling type cable reel RE, sliding couplings SC1 and SC2 are arranged between the cable reel motor M and the cable drum CD, and the rotational movement from the motor M inputted to the sliding coupling SC1 is converted into the sliding cup. This is a mechanism for transmitting torque to the cable drum CD by slipping with the ring SC2. At this time, as the sliding couplings SC1 and SC2, those using a fluid or those using magnetic force are generally used, but the method of the sliding coupling is not limited.
Here, the hanger power supply cable CA is electrically connected to the slip ring SR constituting the electric rotary joint device via the hollow rotary shaft SH.

  Here, from the value of the frequency monitor FM of the speed control device HI for the hoisting device, the information of the controller CT, etc., the vertical speed of the suspension GB and the moving direction are judged, and the slip coupling (output side) SC2 The rotational direction and approximate rotational speed are determined, and the rotational speed and direction of the cable reel motor M are controlled using the cable reel speed controller RI, and the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 and the sliding coupling (output) are controlled. Side) Controls an approximate rotational speed difference from SC2, that is, a so-called slip coupling slip amount.

  At this time, the sliding direction is such that the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 is faster than the sliding coupling (output side) SC2 when winding the cable, and the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 is slipped when pulling the cable. We see it later than the ring (output side) SC2.

  Here, the characteristic of the output torque of the slip coupling is the characteristic of T1 in FIG. 3 when the cable reel motor M is rotated at a constant direction and at a constant speed by a commercial power source. That is, the slip coupling has a characteristic that the output torque increases as the slip amount increases.

  On the other hand, the driving torque of the cable reel is preferably T2, which is constant regardless of the rotational speed, and takes into account the mechanical efficiency of the reduction gears (reduction gears G1, G2) and acceleration torque. It is desirable to increase the torque and decrease the torque when pulling out.

  In this embodiment, control is performed so as to maintain a constant rotational speed difference between the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 and the sliding coupling (output side) SC2, thereby generating a substantially constant torque regardless of the speed. At the time of winding, the rotational speed difference between the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 and the sliding coupling (output side) SC2 is increased, and at the time of withdrawal, sliding with the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 The characteristics close to T2 are obtained by reducing the approximate rotational speed difference from the coupling (output side) SC2.

  At this time, the difference in rotational speed between the sliding coupling (input side) SC1 and the sliding coupling (output side) SC2 is suppressed to a small value, so that the heat generation of the sliding coupling is suppressed, the life is extended, and the power consumption is also reduced. To do.

In the cable reel for feeding the hoisting tool, the cable is unwound and the cable is slackened when the load swings during traversal, running, etc., as well as during winding and unwinding.
In this embodiment, even when winding and unwinding are stopped, when traversing or running is moved, the cable reel motor M is moved in the winding direction at a low speed to take up the cable slack.

In addition, after running or running, the swing of the load remains for a while.
The cable reel motor continues to move in the winding direction at a low speed for a while after traversing and running are stopped in order to wind up the cable that is fed out due to the residual vibration. Then, the cable reel motor is stopped in anticipation of the time when the load swing is settled.

In this embodiment, the slip couplings SC1 and SC2 are interposed between the motor M of the cable reel RE and the reduction gears G1 and G2 communicating with the cable drum CD. Even if the accuracy of the rotational speed difference of the coupling (output side) SC2 is rough, it is not a problem because it is eliminated at the sliding coupling portion. Therefore, the speed control of the cable reel motor can be handled by a general-purpose inverter.
In addition, the inverter does not require a cable such as a motor sensor for realizing advanced control, and the cable reel speed control device RI can be easily disposed at a position away from the cable reel RE.
As described above, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the cable reel speed control device RI increases, so that it becomes easier to perform the interlock control between the control devices by arranging it near the speed control device HI for the hoisting device. The speed control device is housed in the same control panel CP, and it is possible to perform environmental measures such as dust proofing, seismic resistance, and heat resistance all together.

  Even when the cable reel speed control device RI is stopped and the cable reel brake B is stopped, since the sliding couplings SC1 and SC2 are interposed between the cable drum CD, the suspension GB is wound. Even if the suspension power supply cable CA is pulled out due to lowering or swinging, the sliding coupling (output side) SC2 rotates and the cable CA or cable reel RE is not damaged, and the inverter type or servo type cable reel is not damaged. You can overcome problems when stopping.

  As mentioned above, although the cable reel of the crane of the present invention has been described based on the embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to the configurations described in the above embodiments, and the configurations are appropriately set within the scope not departing from the gist thereof. It can be changed.

  The cable reel of the crane of the present invention can be suitably used for the application of a crane cable reel as a sliding coupling cable reel that solves the problems of both the sliding coupling cable reel and the inverter type cable reel. Therefore, the industrial utility value is extremely high.

CR crane RE cable reel (sliding coupling type cable reel)
CA suspension power supply cable GB suspension (electric hydraulic grab bucket)
MH hoisting device WR Wire rope HI Hoisting device speed controller (inverter)
RI cable reel speed controller (inverter)
PL Sequencer CT Controller CP Control panel HL Motor power supply for hoisting device RL Motor power supply for cable reel FM Frequency monitor CM Frequency command and forward / reverse rotation signal SC1 Sliding coupling (input side)
SC2 Sliding coupling (output side)
M Cable reel motor B Cable reel brake G1 Reduction gear (small gear) (reduction gear)
G2 Reduction gear (large gear) (reduction gear)
CD Cable drum SH Hollow rotating shaft SR Slip ring T1 Torque characteristics of slip coupling type cable reel (commercial power)
T2 Required load torque T3 Excess torque

Claims (4)

  A cable reel with a slip coupling between the motor of the cable reel and the speed reducer that leads to the cable drum, and the slip amount of the slip coupling is adjusted by controlling the rotational speed of the motor using an inverter. A cable reel of a crane characterized by that.   The slip amount of the sliding coupling is adjusted by controlling the rotational speed and direction of the motor of the cable reel based on the speed and direction of the crane hoisting device. Cable crane reel as described.   When the crane is in the hoisting state, control is performed so that the sliding amount of the sliding coupling is increased, and when the crane is in the lowering state, control is performed so that the slipping amount of the sliding coupling is reduced. 3. The crane cable reel according to claim 2, wherein the torque is adjusted.   When the crane swings, the cable reel motor is rotated in the winding direction at a low speed to eliminate the slack in the cable due to the load swing. The crane cable reel according to claim 2, wherein the crane cable reel is stopped.

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