JP2018150688A - Airtight structure of building and installation method of equipment member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the flow of air between an upper side space and a lower side space of an outside of equipment member at a part other than a foundation part of the equipment member.SOLUTION: An airtight structure of a building comprises: equipment member (unit bus 30) formed in a box shape and supported by the floor beam 26A; a wall body 14 disposed so as to leave a gap V1 from the equipment member, and surrounding the equipment member; and an airtight member 50 which extends to substantially the entire area of the gap V1 in a plan view, and suppresses the flow of air in the vertical direction in a state sandwiched between the equipment member and the wall body 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to an airtight structure of a building and an installation method of equipment members.

  The following Patent Document 1 describes a heat-insulating and airtight construction method around a unit bath in which a gap formed between the base and a unit bath supported by the base is filled with a sealing material. In the heat insulation and airtight construction method around the unit bath, the outside air that has entered from under the floor passes through the outside of the unit bath and enters the building, which is suppressed by the sealing material. That is, the flow of air between the upper space and the lower space outside the unit bath is suppressed by the sealing material of the base portion of the unit bath.

JP 2003-221934 A

  In the heat insulating and airtight construction method around the unit bath described in Patent Document 1, when the sealing material is filled from above the base, it is necessary to perform the construction before constructing the wall body on the base. For this reason, it is necessary to install a unit bath at the initial stage of constructing a building, and the work process is restricted.

  In addition, if the wall is constructed by filling the sealing material from below the base, it can be constructed, but in this case, it is necessary for the worker to work in the underfloor space surrounded by the foundation, which is difficult to construct. .

  That is, when restraining the flow of air between the upper space and the lower space outside the unit bath at the base portion of the unit bath, some restrictions are imposed on the construction.

  In consideration of the above facts, the present invention allows air to flow between the upper space and the lower space outside the equipment member in a portion other than the base portion of the equipment member formed in a box shape such as a unit bath. The purpose is to suppress.

  The airtight structure of the building of the first aspect includes a facility member that is formed in a box shape and supported by a floor beam, a wall body that is disposed with a gap from the facility member and surrounds the periphery of the facility member, and in plan view, And an airtight member that extends over substantially the entire gap and suppresses the flow of air in the vertical direction while being sandwiched between the equipment member and the wall body.

  In the airtight structure of the building of the first aspect, the airflow in the vertical direction is suppressed by the airtight member in the gap between the equipment member and the wall body. For this reason, it can suppress that the external air which penetrate | invaded the upper space in the exterior of an installation member from the exterior of a building flows into the space below the floor beam which supports an installation member and an installation member through a clearance gap. Alternatively, it is possible to suppress outside air that has entered the space below the floor beam from the outside of the building from flowing into the space above the facility member through the gap.

  The airtight structure of the building of the second aspect has a four-sided frame that is arranged from the inside of the facility member to the outside of the space surrounded by the wall body and forms an opening that communicates the inside and the outside. And the said airtight member is extended in the substantially whole region of the part except the said opening part of the said clearance gap in planar view.

  In the airtight structure of the building of the second aspect, the opening that communicates the inside of the equipment member and the outside of the space surrounded by the wall is formed by the four-sided frame, so the outside air that has flowed into the gap is blocked by the four-sided frame. Therefore, it is difficult to flow into the interior of the equipment member or the outside of the space surrounded by the wall (living space). Moreover, since the airtight member is extended over substantially the entire region excluding the opening formed by the four-sided frame, it is possible to suppress the flow of air between the upper space and the lower space outside the equipment member.

  In the airtight structure of the building of the third aspect, the floor beam is a floor beam on the first floor of the building, a heat insulating material is laid on the rising portion of the foundation that supports the wall, and the gap is surrounded by the foundation. Communicated with the space.

In the airtight structure of the building of the third aspect, a heat insulating material is laid on the rising portion of the foundation. For this reason, the space (underfloor space) surrounded by the foundation is insulated from the outside air. In order to enhance the heat insulating effect of the heat insulating material, it is effective to increase the airtightness of the underfloor space so that the temperature of the air in the underfloor space does not change due to the air entering from the outside.
In this aspect, the airflow in the vertical direction in the gap between the equipment member and the wall is suppressed by the airtight member. For this reason, the airtightness of the underfloor space is maintained.

  The installation method of the equipment member according to the fourth aspect provides a vertical air flow between the step of constructing a part of the wall body for surrounding the equipment member formed in a box shape and the part of the wall body. A step of installing the equipment member sandwiching an airtight member to be suppressed, and a step of constructing another part of the wall body so as to sandwich the airtight member between the equipment member, and the airtight member comprises: It extends over the substantially whole area between the said installation member and the said wall body in planar view.

  In the installation method of the equipment member according to the fourth aspect, the air flow in the vertical direction in the gap between the equipment member and the wall is suppressed by the airtight member. For this reason, for example, outside air that has entered the upper space outside the equipment member from the outside of the building can be prevented from flowing into the lower space through the gap. Thereby, it is suppressed that external air flows through the inside of a building.

  Furthermore, the airtight member can be installed only by being sandwiched between the equipment member and the wall body when the equipment member is installed or when the wall body is constructed. For this reason, the flow of air in the upper space and the lower space outside the equipment member can be easily suppressed.

  According to the fifth aspect of the installation method of the equipment member, a four-sided frame is arranged from the inside of the equipment member to the outside of the space surrounded by the wall body, and an opening for communicating the inside and the outside is formed. And the airtight member extends substantially over the entire area of the portion excluding the opening between the equipment member and the wall body in plan view.

  In the installation method of the equipment member according to the fifth aspect, since the opening that communicates the inside of the equipment member and the outside of the space surrounded by the wall is formed by the four-sided frame, the outside air flowing into the gap is blocked by the four-sided frame. Rarely, it hardly flows into the interior of the equipment member or the outside of the space surrounded by the wall (living space). Moreover, since the airtight member is extended over substantially the entire region excluding the opening formed by the four-sided frame, it is possible to suppress the flow of air between the upper space and the lower space outside the equipment member.

  According to the airtight structure of the building of the first aspect, it is possible to suppress the flow of air between the upper space and the lower space outside the facility member at a portion other than the base (floor beam) of the facility member.

  According to the airtight structure of the building of the second aspect, the outside air that has flowed into the gap hardly flows into the living space.

  According to the airtight structure of the building of the third aspect, the heat insulating effect of the underfloor space can be enhanced.

  According to the installation method of the equipment member of the fourth aspect, the flow of air between the upper space and the lower space outside the equipment member can be suppressed at a portion other than the base (floor beam) of the equipment member. Moreover, construction of an airtight member is easy.

  According to the airtight structure of the building of the fifth aspect, the outside air that has flowed into the gap is unlikely to flow into the living space.

It is an elevation sectional view showing the relation between the building and the unit bath to which the airtight structure of the building concerning the embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a top view which shows the relationship between the building and unit bath to which the airtight structure of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the trunk | drum difference spanned between the outer panels adjacent to the upper and lower sides in the building where the airtight structure of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a partial expanded sectional view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the lower frame of a four-sided frame from the internal space of a unit bath to the external space of a wall body in the airtight structure of the building which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is an elevation sectional view showing the state where the airtight member was arranged in the gap between the wall and the unit bath in the airtight structure of the building concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the installation method of the unit bath which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (A) shows the state which adhere | attached the airtight member on the outer wall, (B) installed the unit bus so that an airtight member may be compressed (C) shows a state where an airtight member is bonded to the unit bath, and (D) shows a state where the inner wall is constructed so that the airtight member is compressed.

(Airtight structure of the building)
The airtight structure of the building in the present embodiment is a gap formed between the wall body 14 (outer wall 14A, inner wall 14B) constituting the building 10 shown in FIG. 1 and the unit bath 30 installed inside the building 10. This is an air sealing mechanism for installing an airtight member 50 (see FIG. 5) on V1 to suppress the flow of air inside the building 10, particularly in the back of the ceiling, under the floor, and inside the wall.

(building)
In the building 10, a structural frame is formed by combining a box-shaped unit 20 formed by joining steel beams 24 (beams 24 </ b> A and 24 </ b> B) with upper and lower ends of steel columns 22 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Unit building. The unit 20 constituting the first floor portion of the building 10 is fixed to the upper part of a reinforced concrete cloth foundation 12.

  The ground concrete 12A is placed on the ground surrounded by the fabric foundation 12, and the heat insulating material H is laid on the outdoor side of the rising portion of the fabric foundation 12. Thereby, the space (underfloor space V2) surrounded by the fabric foundation 12 is a heat insulating structure.

  A floor beam 26A is spanned between the beam 24A joined to the lower end of the column 22 in the unit 20 fixed to the fabric foundation 12 with a gap therebetween. Below the floor beam 26A is an underfloor space V2 surrounded by the fabric foundation 12, and a unit bath 30 is installed above the floor beam 26A.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the wall body 14 includes an outer wall 14 </ b> A disposed facing the external space of the building 10 and an inner wall 14 </ b> B that partitions the internal space of the building 10. The outer wall 14A is constructed along a straight line CL passing through the center point of the pillar 22, and includes an outer panel 14AO installed on the outer surface and an inner panel 14AI installed on the inner surface of the outer wall 14A. A heat insulating material H is laid between the outer panel 14AO and the inner panel 14AI.

(outer wall)
The outer panel 14AO is attached to the lower floor unit 20D and the upper floor unit 20U, respectively. Specifically, the outer panel 14AO is formed between the upper beam 24B and the lower beam 24A of the lower floor unit 20D and between the upper beam 24B (not shown) and the lower beam 24A of the upper floor unit 20U. Installed.

  FIG. 3 shows the details of the portion indicated by the encircling line J in FIG. As shown here, the upper and lower ends of the outer panel 14 </ b> AO are fixed to the beam 24 using mounting brackets 42.

  Further, a trunk difference 16 is bridged between two outer panels 14AO adjacent in the vertical direction. The body difference 16 is a decorative material that closes the gap between the two outer panels 14AO adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and is fixed to a mounting bracket 44 whose upper and lower ends are fixed to the two outer panels 14AO with screws. Yes. Engaging grooves 44A are formed in the upper and lower portions of the mounting bracket 44. By engaging the engaging pieces 16A formed on the back surface of the body difference 16 with the engagement grooves 44A, the body difference 16 is moved to the outer panel. Fixed to 14 AO.

  The trunk difference 16 is attached to the outer panel 14AO along a substantially horizontal direction. The trunk difference 16 is a long material having a finite length, and seams are formed at regular intervals. The mounting bracket 44 is provided at the joint, and the end of the trunk difference 16 is hooked.

  Thus, since a gap is formed at the joint of the trunk difference 16, outside air enters the inside of the trunk difference 16 through this gap (arrow W1). Further, since a gap corresponding to the thickness of the mounting bracket 44 is formed between the trunk difference 16 and the outer panel 14AO in a portion where the mounting bracket 44 is not provided, the outside air passes through this gap to the inside of the trunk difference 16. (Arrow W2). The outside air that has entered into the inside of the trunk difference 16 from these gaps enters the interior of the building 10 through the gaps between the beams 24 adjacent to each other vertically (arrow W3).

(inner wall)
The inner wall 14B is a partition wall spanned between the floor beam 26A spanned over the beam 24A and the ceiling beam 26B spanned over the beam 24B as shown in FIG. And a finishing material or the like. The installation position of the inner wall 14 </ b> B is arbitrary and can be appropriately changed according to the size of the unit bus 30. For example, when the size of the unit bus 30 is larger than the size shown in FIG.

  Thereby, the width of the gap formed between the outer wall 14A and the unit bus 30 and the width of the gap formed between the inner wall 14B and the unit bus 30 can be adjusted. In the following description, these gaps may be collectively referred to as a gap V1.

(unit bus)
The unit bath 30 is a bathroom unit having a bathtub 32 and a washing place 34 inside, and is formed in a box shape by assembling a plurality of panel materials such as a bathtub panel material, a floor panel material, a wall panel material, and a ceiling panel material. ing. At the time of assembly, watertightness and airtightness are ensured by fitting the end of each panel material to the frame material using a sealing material or packing. The unit bath 30 is an example of an equipment member in the present invention. As the equipment member, in addition to the unit bath 30, for example, a shower unit that does not include a bathtub, a unit bath that includes a toilet and a washbasin in addition to the bathtub, and the like. Can do.

  In the present embodiment, the unit bus 30 is placed on the upper part of the floor beam 26A. A level adjustment bolt (not shown) is provided in a portion of the unit bus 30 that is in contact with the floor beam 26 </ b> A, so that the level of the unit bus 30 can be adjusted.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the unit bus 30 is arranged with a gap V1 between the outer wall 14A and the inner wall 14B. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, the underfloor space V <b> 2, the gap V <b> 1 around the unit bus 30, and the upper space V <b> 3 outside the unit bus 30 are communicated with each other.

  Thereby, when the airtight member 50 to be described later is not provided, the outside air that has entered the inside of the building 10 through the route indicated by the arrow W3 in FIG. 3 becomes a space as indicated by the arrows W4 and W5 in FIG. It flows into the underfloor space V2 through V3 and the gap V1.

(Four-sided frame)
As shown in FIG. 2, a four-sided frame 36 that forms an opening for a user to enter and exit is attached to the unit bath 30. The four-sided frame 36 is from the internal space B of the unit bath 30 to the external space R of the inner wall 14B (external space of the space surrounded by the outer wall 14A and the inner wall 14B, for example, a dressing room in the building 10. ) And communicates the internal space B and the external space R of the unit bus 30.

  Of the four-sided frame 36, the frame 36V is joined to the wall panel material of the unit bath 30 and the inner wall 14B, and water and air are between the internal space B of the unit bath 30 and the gap V1, and between the gap V1 and the outside. It is difficult to move between the spaces R.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lower frame 36 </ b> H of the four-sided frame 36 is joined to the floor panel material of the unit bath 30 and the floor material in the external space R, and water and air are in the internal space B of the unit bath 30. It is difficult to move between the underfloor space V2 and between the underfloor space V2 and the external space R.

  With the above configuration, between the gap V1, the underfloor space V2, and the space V3 that are communicated with each other and the internal space B and the external space R that are communicated with each other as illustrated in FIG. Is difficult to move.

(Airtight member)
The airtight member 50 is an elongated ethylene / propylene / diene rubber (EPDM) disposed between the wall body 14 and the unit bath 30 in a compressed state as shown in FIG. In the gap V <b> 1 shown in FIG. 4, the four-sided frame 36 and the part formed by the four-sided frame 36, except for the opening, are continuously extended over substantially the entire region, i. Thereby, as shown by arrow W6 in FIG. 5, in the gap V1, the flow of air is suppressed between the upper and lower spaces separated by the airtight member 50. Note that “substantially the entire area” means that there is a slight gap (for example, about 5% of the horizontal projection area of the gap V1) in the vertical direction from the range covering the entire area of the gap V1 so that there is no gap in the vertical direction. Thus, it is assumed to include a range that partially covers the gap V1.

(Unit bus installation method)
In order to install the unit bus 30, first, as shown in FIG. 6A, an outer wall 14A surrounding two sides of the unit bus 30 is constructed. Next, the airtight member 50A is bonded to the inner side of the outer wall 14A (the surface of the inner panel 14AI, see FIG. 2).

  At this time, one airtight member 50A is bonded over two sides of the outer wall 14A. The length of the airtight member 50A is equal to the width L1 and the width L2 of the side surface facing the outer wall 14A in the unit bath 30. The length should be equal to or greater than the total value, and lay along the horizontal direction.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6B, the airtight member 50A is compressed and sandwiched between the outer wall 14A and the unit bath 30, and the unit bath 30 is mounted on the floor beam 26A (see FIGS. 1 and 5). Put.

  In the present embodiment, the unit bath 30 is placed on the floor beam 26A in a state where a bathtub panel material, a floor panel material, a wall panel material, a ceiling panel material, and the like are assembled. Is not limited to this. For example, the unit bath 30 may be assembled on the floor beam 26A. Even in this case, the airtight member 50 can be disposed between the unit bath 30 and the outer wall 14A.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, an airtight member 50B is bonded to the side surface of the unit bath 30 that does not face the outer wall 14A. At this time, the airtight member 50A and the airtight member 50B are bonded so that no gap is generated between the airtight member 50A and the airtight member 50B. Further, in the airtight member 50 </ b> A shown in FIG. 6B, the end portion 50 </ b> AE that protrudes between the unit bus 30 and the outer wall 14 </ b> A is folded along the side surface of the unit bus 30 and bonded to the unit bus 30.

  At this time, the airtight members 50A and 50B are laid out at a portion other than the portion where the four-side frame 36 is attached. It is preferable to set the length so as to interfere with the portion to which the four-sided frame 36 is attached about several mm to several cm.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6D, the inner wall 14B is constructed such that the airtight member 50B is compressed and sandwiched between the unit bath 30 and the inner wall 14B. Furthermore, a four-sided frame 36 that forms an opening that communicates the internal space B and the external space R of the unit bus 30 is attached. Further, an arbitrary type door such as a folding door or a hinged door is attached to the inside of the four-way frame 36.

(Action / Effect)
In the building 10 according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a heat insulating material M is laid on the rising portion of the fabric foundation 12. For this reason, the space (underfloor space V2) surrounded by the foundation is insulated from the outside air. In order to enhance the heat insulating effect of the heat insulating material, it is effective to increase the air tightness of the underfloor space V2 so that the temperature of the air in the underfloor space V2 does not change due to air entering from the outside.

  In the airtight structure of the building in this embodiment, the airflow in the vertical direction in the gap V <b> 1 between the unit bath 30 and the wall body 14 is suppressed by the airtight member 50. For this reason, it can suppress that the external air which penetrate | invaded the upper space V3 in the exterior of the unit bus 30 from the exterior of the building 10 flows into the lower space (underfloor space V2) through the gap V1. For this reason, the airtightness of the underfloor space is maintained.

  In the unit bath installation method according to the present embodiment, the airtight member 50 is sandwiched between the unit bus 30 and the wall body 14 (outer wall 14A, inner wall 14B) when the unit bus 30 is installed or the inner wall 14B is constructed. (See FIGS. 6A to 6D). For this reason, the flow of air in the upper space and the lower space outside the unit bus 30 can be easily suppressed.

  In the unit bus installation method in the present embodiment, the unit bus 30 is installed along the two outer walls 14A constructed in advance (along the corners of the building 10 formed by the outer wall 14A), and then Although the two inner walls 14B are constructed, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

  For example, the unit bus 30 may be installed along the outer wall 14 </ b> A of one surface (along the portion other than the corner), and then the inner wall 14 </ b> B of three surfaces may be constructed around the unit bus 30. Alternatively, the unit bath 30 is installed in a U-shaped space constructed by one outer wall 14A and two inner walls 14B, or two outer walls 14A and one inner wall 14B, and then the one inner wall 14B is installed. May be built.

  Furthermore, when assembling the unit bus 30 on site, the unit bus 30 may be installed in a space surrounded on all four sides by the wall body 14 (the outer wall 14A and the inner wall 14B). In this case, when each wall panel constituting the unit bath 30 is installed, the airtight member 50 is sandwiched between the wall panel and the wall body 14. Thus, the unit bus installation method according to the present embodiment can be applied at any stage during the construction of the wall body 14.

  In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material H is laid on the outdoor side of the rising portion of the fabric foundation 12, but the heat insulating material H may be laid on the indoor side of the rising portion. Even if the heat insulating material H is laid on the indoor side of the rising portion, the heat insulating property of the underfloor space V2 can be improved as compared with the case where the heat insulating material H is not laid on the outdoor side or indoor side of the rising portion.

  Furthermore, the floor space V <b> 2 with high air permeability can be formed by providing a vent hole without laying the heat insulating material H at the rising portion of the fabric foundation 12. In this case, even if outside air enters the interior of the building 10 from the underfloor space V2, it is possible to suppress the outside air from flowing into the upper space V3 outside the unit bath 30 through the gap V1.

  In the present embodiment, the building 10 has a basic form based on the cloth foundation 12. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a basic form based on a solid foundation.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the airtight member 50 was divided and installed in the two airtight members 50A and 50B, embodiment of this invention is not restricted to this. For example, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 5B, an airtight member 50C having a length equal to or greater than the total length of the airtight members 50A and 50B is bonded to the outer wall 14A. It can also be installed so as to wrap around the bus 30. In this way, the trouble of bonding the airtight members 50A and 50B can be saved, and the airtightness can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, the airtight member 50A is bonded to the outer wall 14A, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the airtight member 50A may be bonded to the unit bath 30 in advance, and the unit bath to which the airtight member 50A is bonded may be installed on the floor beam 26A so as to be pressed against the outer wall 14A. The airtight member 50B can also be bonded to the unit bus 30 in advance before the unit bus 30 is installed. In this way, since the airtight members 50A and 50B can be bonded at a time, the trouble of bonding the airtight members 50A and 50B can be saved.

  Further, in this embodiment, ethylene / propylene / diene rubber (EPDM) is used as the airtight member 50, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, low resilience urethane foam, compressed glass wool, rock wool, or the like may be used, or these materials may be used in combination. Specifically, when a gap is generated when ethylene / propylene / diene rubber is bonded to the outer wall 14A, airtightness can be improved by pushing rock wool into the gap.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the airtight member 50 includes the four-sided frame 36 in the gap V1 shown in FIG. 2, substantially the entire area excluding the opening formed by the four-sided frame 36 and the four-sided frame 36, and in an elevational view shown in FIG. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, like the airtight member 50 indicated by the one-dot chain line in FIG. By doing in this way, when installing the airtight member 50, since it is not necessary to consider interference with the four-way frame 36, it can construct relatively easily.

12 Fabric foundation (foundation)
14 wall body 14A outer wall (wall body)
14B Inner wall (wall)
26A Floor beam 30 Unit bath (equipment)
36 Four-sided frame 50 Airtight member 50A Airtight member 50B Airtight member 50C Airtight member B Internal space (inside equipment member)
R External space (outside the space surrounded by walls)
H Insulation V2 Underfloor space (space surrounded by foundation)
V1 gap

Claims (5)

Equipment members formed in a box shape and supported by floor beams;
A wall body that is arranged with a gap between the equipment member and surrounds the equipment member;
An airtight member that extends in substantially the entire area of the gap in plan view and suppresses the flow of air in the vertical direction while being sandwiched between the equipment member and the wall body;
Airtight structure of the building having. It is arranged over the outside of the space surrounded by the wall body from the inside of the equipment member, and has a four-sided frame that forms an opening that communicates the inside and the outside,
2. The building air-tight structure according to claim 1, wherein the air-tight member extends substantially over the entire area of the gap excluding the opening in a plan view.   The floor beam is a floor beam on the first floor of a building, a heat insulating material is laid at a rising portion of a foundation that supports the wall body, and the gap is communicated with a space surrounded by the foundation. Item 3. The airtight structure of a building according to claim 1 or 2. Constructing a part of a wall for enclosing the box-shaped equipment member;
Installing the equipment member with an airtight member that suppresses the flow of air in the vertical direction between a portion of the wall body; and
And constructing the other part of the wall so as to sandwich the airtight member with the equipment member,
The said airtight member is the installation method of the installation member extended in the substantially whole region between the said installation member and the said wall body in planar view. Arranging a four-sided frame from the inside of the equipment member to the outside of the space surrounded by the wall body, and forming an opening that communicates the inside and the outside,
The installation method of the installation member of Claim 4 with which the said airtight member is extended in the substantially whole region of the part except the said opening part between the said installation member and the said wall body in planar view.