JP2018149513A - Oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suitably treat oil and fat components in oil and fat-containing wastewater.SOLUTION: An oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 100 has an oil and fat separation part 1 that separates oil and fat-containing wastewater into oil and fat-containing material and separated water, and an anaerobic treatment part 2 in which a supporter supporting oil and fat-decomposing bacteria is input, and the oil and fat-containing material separated by the oil and fat separation part 1 is anaerobically treated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fat and oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus.

  It is known that fats and oils are difficult to biodegrade in wastewater treatment. For this reason, after separating and removing the fat and oil components in the wastewater, a method of performing treatment separately from the wastewater has been studied (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2011-31206 A

  The oil and fat component separated from the waste water is decomposed by the oil-degrading bacteria. However, it is considered that the oil-degrading bacterium has a slow growth rate and the efficiency of the treatment with the oil-degrading bacterium is reduced.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the above, and it aims at providing the fat-and-oils containing waste-water-treatment apparatus which can process the fats and oils component in fats-and-oils containing wastewater suitably.

  In order to achieve the above object, an oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention introduces an oil and fat separation unit that separates fat and oil-containing wastewater into an oil and fat-containing product and separated water, and a carrier on which fat and oil-decomposing bacteria are fixed. And an anaerobic treatment part that anaerobically treats the oil-and-fat-containing material separated by the fat and oil separation part.

  According to the above oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus, since the anaerobic treatment of the oil-containing material is performed in the anaerobic treatment part in which the carrier to which the oil-degrading bacteria are fixed is introduced, the oil-degrading bacteria are suitably maintained in the system. The oil and fat component can be suitably processed.

  Here, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater can be mixed with the oil-and-fat-containing material before anaerobic treatment or during anaerobic treatment.

  As described above, by mixing the fat-containing wastewater with the fat-containing material, the viscosity of the oil-containing material can be lowered, and the fat-and-oil component treatment by the oil-degrading bacteria in the anaerobic treatment part is more suitably performed. Can do.

  Moreover, it can be set as the aspect which has an emulsifier addition part which adds an emulsifier with respect to the said oil-and-fat containing material before anaerobic processing or during anaerobic processing.

  As mentioned above, by adding an emulsifier to the oil-containing material before or during anaerobic treatment, the oil-containing material can be dispersed, and the fat-and-oil component by the oil-degrading bacteria in the anaerobic treatment part The treatment can be performed more suitably.

  Moreover, it can be set as the aspect which has the support | carrier collection | recovery part which isolate | separates and collect | recovers the said carrier contained in the treated water from the said anaerobic process part from the said treated water, and returns the said support | carrier to the said anaerobic process part.

  As described above, the carrier recovery unit separates and recovers the carrier from the treated water and returns it to the anaerobic treatment unit so that the treated water and the carrier are mixed and discharged to the outside. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the number of carriers on which the oil-degrading bacteria in the anaerobic treatment section are fixed. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the oil and fat treatment efficiency from being lowered in the anaerobic treatment section.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fat and oil containing waste water treatment apparatus which can process suitably the fat and oil component in fat and oil containing waste water is provided.

It is a figure explaining the fat and oil containing waste water treatment equipment concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the fat and oil containing waste water treatment equipment concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the fat and oil containing waste water treatment equipment concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The fat and oil containing waste water treatment apparatus 100 introduces water to be treated which is fat and oil containing waste water introduced from the outside, and separates the fat and oil separating unit 1 that separates the fat and oil containing material containing a large amount of fat and oil components from the water to be treated. An anaerobic treatment unit 2 that introduces the oil-and-fat-containing material separated in step 1 and performs anaerobic treatment. Moreover, the oil-and-fat containing waste water treatment apparatus 100 makes the line L1 which is piping for introduce | transducing to-be-processed water with respect to the fat and oil separation part 1, and the separation water from which the fat and oil containing material was isolate | separated in the oil and fat separation part 1 out of the system. Line L2 that is a pipe for discharging, line L3 that introduces the oil and fat-containing material from the oil separation unit 1 to the anaerobic processing unit 2, and line L4 that discharges the treated water from the anaerobic processing unit 2 to the outside of the system And a line L5 for introducing the treated water from the anaerobic treatment unit 2 to the separated water line L2. One of the lines L4 and L5 only needs to be provided.

  The oil separation unit 1 has a function of separating the water to be treated introduced through the line L1 into the oil containing material and the separated water. In the present embodiment, the oil-and-fat-containing material is a substance containing a large amount of oil and fat components. Further, the separated water is water after separating the oil / fat-containing material from the water to be treated, and the content of the oil / fat component is reduced compared to the water to be treated.

  As the oil separation unit 1, for example, a pressure levitation device can be used. When a pressure levitation device is used, the oil and fat component contained in the water to be treated floats as scum. Therefore, the water to be treated can be separated into the oil / fat-containing material and the separated water by separating and removing the substance containing scum as the oil / fat-containing material from the water to be treated. In addition, the method of isolate | separating to-be-processed water into fats and oils containing material and isolation | separation water is not limited to a pressurization flotation method. Therefore, instead of the pressure levitation device, a normal pressure levitation device, a membrane type or a centrifugal type oil / water separation device or the like may be used as the oil separation unit 1.

  The fat and oil-containing material separated by the fat and oil separation unit 1 is introduced into the anaerobic treatment unit 2 via the line L3. Further, the separated water separated by the oil separation unit 1 is discharged out of the system via the line L2. For example, a treatment tank for performing an anaerobic treatment or an aerobic treatment for decomposing organic substances in the separated water may be provided at the subsequent stage of the line L2.

  The anaerobic treatment unit 2 has a function of performing anaerobic treatment of the oil-containing material separated by the fat separation unit 1. The anaerobic processing part 2 is an anaerobic processing tank, and introduces fats and oils into the tank to perform anaerobic processing. In the anaerobic process part 2, the fats and oils component contained in a fat and oil containing material is decomposed | disassembled by the anaerobic fat-and-oil degradation bacteria which have fats and oils decomposability.

  The anaerobic treatment unit 2 is introduced with a carrier on which the oil-degrading bacteria are fixed. As the carrier, for example, activated carbon or a resinous carrier can be used. Examples of the resin carrier include polymer materials. The shape of the carrier is not particularly limited as long as the oil-degrading bacteria can be fixed, and may be any shape such as a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a columnar shape, a cylindrical shape, a string shape, and a planar shape. In addition, when using activated carbon as a support | carrier, it is preferable to use a thing with a particle size of 1 mm or more and a lot of macropores. The carrier may be in a state where it can move in the tank (moving bed) or in a state where it is fixed in the tank (fixed bed). The shape of the carrier is appropriately selected depending on whether it is a moving bed or a fixed bed.

  The oil-degrading bacteria attached to the carrier can be selected from bacteria having oil-degradability. Examples of these oil-degrading bacteria include Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Anaerolinacea, Anaerosinus, Aspergillus, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Candida, Desulfovibrio, Geotrichum, Propionispora, Pseudoaltermonas, Pseudomonas, Psychrobactr, Synocrobusr, tropococcus Can be mentioned. One or more bacteria are selected from the above oil-degrading bacteria and attached to the carrier. The oil-degrading bacteria may be fixed to the carrier before introducing the carrier into the anaerobic treatment unit 2, or may be fixed by acclimatization after introduction.

  When the oil-and-fat-containing material is introduced into the anaerobic treatment unit 2, the oil-and-fat components are decomposed in an anaerobic environment by the oil-and-fat decomposing bacteria fixed to the carrier. In addition, the anaerobic process part 2 may be provided with a stirrer or the like for promoting the mixing of the oil-containing material and the oil-degrading bacteria. Since the fat and oil-containing material introduced into the anaerobic treatment unit 2 has a large content of the fat and oil component, the decomposition of the fat and oil component is performed over a period of time (several tens of hours to several tens of days). As a result, in the anaerobic processing section 2, scum and the like contained in the oil / fat-containing material is digested, and an oil / fat decomposed product in which the oil / fat component is hydrolyzed and β-oxidized is obtained. The oil and fat decomposition product may be discharged out of the system from the anaerobic processing unit 2 via the line L4. In addition, since the oil / fat decomposed product is in a state in which the oil / fat components have been decomposed, the oil / fat decomposed product may be introduced from the anaerobic treatment unit 2 into the subsequent treatment tank or the like in a state of being mixed with the separated water through the line L5. .

  Thus, in the fat and oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the water to be treated which is the fat and oil-containing wastewater is separated into the fat and oil-containing material and the separated water in the fat and oil separation unit 1, and then the anaerobic treatment is performed on the fat and oil-containing material. In part 2, anaerobic processing is performed. Since the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is introduced with a carrier on which the oil-degrading bacteria are fixed, the oil-and-fat components can be suitably decomposed.

  Conventionally, various methods for separating and removing fats and oils from fat and oil-containing wastewater have been studied. However, sufficient examination has not been made so far on how to treat the fat and oil component separated and removed from the fat and oil-containing wastewater. Specifically, the oil and fat components separated and removed from the fat and oil-containing wastewater have been studied to be treated separately from the separated water, but the fat and oil components whose decomposition rate is slower than the decomposition rate of other organic substances are treated. However, sufficient consideration has not been made in consideration of the processing efficiency and the like.

  On the other hand, in the fat and oil containing wastewater treatment apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, anaerobic treatment of fat and oil-containing materials is performed in the anaerobic treatment unit 2 into which the carrier to which the oil and fat degrading bacteria are fixed is introduced. The oil and fat component is suitably decomposed. Since oil-degrading bacteria have a slower growth rate than fungi that decompose other organic substances, the number of bacteria in the tank may be insufficient for the decomposition of the oil-and-fat components. In this regard, in the oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, anaerobic treatment is performed by introducing a carrier on which oil-degrading bacteria are fixed, thereby anaerobic from a state in which the number of oil-degrading bacteria is ensured to some extent. Therefore, the oil-degrading bacteria can be suitably maintained in the system, and the processing efficiency (decomposition efficiency) of the oil-and-fat component can be increased.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a configuration of an oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The oil-and-fat containing wastewater treatment apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment includes an emulsifier addition unit 3 that adds an emulsifier to the anaerobic treatment part 2, as compared with the oil-and-fat wastewater treatment apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment, The point which has the line L6 which introduces a part of treated water with respect to the anaerobic process part 2 is different.

  The emulsifier addition unit 3 adds an emulsifier to the anaerobic treatment unit 2. The emulsifier is added for the purpose of dispersing the fat and oil-containing material in the anaerobic treatment section 2 in the tank. The anaerobic treatment part 2 is introduced with an oil-and-fat-containing material in which the content of the oil-and-fat component is increased and the water content is reduced through the former oil-and-separation part 1. Therefore, the fat and oil-containing material has a high viscosity and may be insufficiently contacted with the fat and oil-separating bacteria fixed on the carrier. Therefore, in the fat and oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 200, the emulsifier is added by the emulsifier adding unit 3, thereby reducing the viscosity of the fat and oil-containing material and dispersing the fat and oil component in the fat and oil-containing material. The processing efficiency of components can be increased.

  Although the kind of emulsifier to be added is not particularly limited, for example, glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sodium dodecyl sulfate, Tween 80 (polysorbate 80) and the like can be used. In addition, the emulsifier which concerns on this embodiment is not limited to the emulsifier for foodstuffs. Accordingly, the entire surfactant is included in the emulsifier according to this embodiment. Moreover, it is although it does not specifically limit about the addition amount of an emulsifier, For example, addition amount can be 1%-20%. The addition amount of the emulsifier may be set according to the viscosity of the oil-containing material.

  The line L6 for introducing the water to be treated into the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is provided in order to promote the dispersion of the fat and oil component in the fat and oil-containing material, similar to the addition of the emulsifier by the emulsifier addition unit 3. The water to be treated is an organic waste water containing an oil and fat component, but an emulsifier is often added to the water to be treated. Therefore, by setting the treated water containing the emulsifier to the anaerobic treatment part 2 via the line L6, the viscosity of the oil / fat-containing material is reduced and the oil / fat content is reduced as in the case of adding the emulsifier. By dispersing the oil and fat component in the product, the processing efficiency of the oil and fat component can be increased. About the quantity of the to-be-processed water introduce | transduced into the anaerobic process part 2, it can set according to the viscosity of fats and oils containing material.

  In addition, also when using the to-be-processed water to which the emulsifier is not added, you may introduce | transduce a part of to-be-processed water with respect to the anaerobic process part 2. FIG. Even in this case, the effect of lowering the viscosity due to the dispersion of the oil-containing material can be obtained.

  In addition, it may replace with the apparatus structure of the fat-and-oils containing waste water treatment apparatus 200, and may have only any one of the emulsifier addition part 3 and the line L6 which introduces some treated water. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which replaces with introducing a to-be-processed water with respect to the anaerobic process part 2, and introduces separation water. Moreover, the emulsifier addition part 3 does not add an emulsifier with respect to an oil-and-fat content in the anaerobic process part 2, but is the oil-and-fat content isolate | separated in the oil-and-fat separation part 1 before the anaerobic process part 2. It is good also as a structure added with respect to. Moreover, the structure mixed with the fat and oil containing material isolate | separated in the fat and oil separation part 1 before the anaerobic process part 2 may also be sufficient as the line L6 for mixing to-be-processed water and fat and oil containing material. Thus, the emulsifier addition part 3 and the line L6 which introduces a part of to-be-processed water may be provided in the front | former stage rather than the anaerobic process part 2. FIG.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment is a process in which a carrier is mixed in the treated water from the anaerobic treatment unit 2 as compared with the oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. A carrier recovery unit 4 that recovers a carrier from water, a line L7 that introduces treated water from the anaerobic treatment unit 2 to the carrier recovery unit 4, and a line L2 through which separated water flows from the carrier recovery unit 4 This is different from the line L8 to be introduced.

  The fat and oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 300 according to the present embodiment is an effective apparatus when the carrier introduced into the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is in a state where it can move in the tank (moving bed). As described above, the anaerobic treatment unit 2 decomposes the oil / fat component of the oil / fat-containing material, but when the oil / fat-containing material has a high viscosity, it is introduced when the treated water is discharged to the outside or into the separated water line L2. In doing so, there is a possibility that the carrier to which the undecomposed oil and fat component adheres moves to the outside of the anaerobic treatment unit 2 together with the treated water in a state of being mixed in the treated water. When the carrier moves to the outside of the anaerobic treatment unit 2, the oil-degrading bacteria are discharged out of the anaerobic treatment unit 2, so that the oil treatment efficiency in the anaerobic treatment unit 2 may be reduced. Therefore, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 300 includes the carrier recovery unit 4 that introduces the treated water from the anaerobic treatment unit 2 via the line L7 and collects the carrier in the treated water. In addition, when it is clear that the carrier is not mixed with the treated water, the treated water may be discharged from the anaerobic treating unit 2 through the line L5 or the like without using the carrier collecting unit 4.

  As a method for recovering the carrier in the treated water in the carrier collecting unit 4, in this embodiment, the carrier is separated from the treated water by separating and removing undecomposed oil and fat components adhering to the carrier and precipitating the carrier. Is used. In order to separate and remove undecomposed oil and fat components adhering to the carrier, an emulsifier addition unit 5 for adding an emulsifier to the carrier recovery unit 4 is provided. In this way, when the emulsifier is added to the treated water from the emulsifier addition unit 5 and stirred with a stirrer or the like, the carrier and the fat and oil component can be separated. The carrier from which the fat and oil component is separated is precipitated in the treated water. The carrier recovery unit 4 recovers the carrier separated from the treated water by precipitation and returns it to the anaerobic processing unit 2.

  Although the addition amount of the emulsifier by the emulsifier addition unit 5 is not particularly limited, for example, the addition amount can be 1% to 20%. The addition amount of the emulsifier may be set according to the viscosity of the treated water. The method for collecting the carrier in the treated water in the carrier collecting unit 4 is not limited to the method using the above-mentioned emulsifier. For example, a method of recovering the carrier in the treated water by filtration using a screen or centrifugation can be used.

  In the carrier recovery unit 4, the treated water separated from the carrier may be introduced into a subsequent treatment tank or the like in a state of being mixed with the separated water via the line L 8. Moreover, it is good also as a structure returned to the line L1 of the front | former stage of the fats-and-oils separation part 1, as shown as the broken line L9 in FIG. Furthermore, it is good also as a structure discharged | emitted from the support | carrier collection | recovery part 4 through the line which is not shown in figure.

  According to the fat and oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment, treated water from the anaerobic treatment unit 2 is introduced into the carrier recovery unit 4, and the carrier recovery unit 4 peels undecomposed oil and fat components from the carrier. Thus, the treated water and the carrier are separated. Then, the carrier is collected and returned to the anaerobic processing unit 2. Therefore, the amount of the carrier to which the oil-degrading bacteria in the anaerobic treatment unit 2 are fixed is reduced by discharging the treated water to the outside in a state where the treated water obtained from the oil-containing material and the carrier are mixed. Can be prevented. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the oil and fat treatment efficiency from being lowered in the anaerobic treatment unit 2. Depending on the method for recovering the carrier, the carrier may be recovered in a state where the fat and oil component is not sufficiently performed, but even in that case, the oil-degrading bacteria in the anaerobic treatment unit 2 are fixed. It is possible to prevent a reduction in the number of carriers.

  As mentioned above, although one form of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation aspect is possible. For example, the form of each tank constituting the oil separation unit 1, the anaerobic treatment unit 2, and the carrier recovery unit 4 is not particularly limited, and various forms can be taken.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment demonstrated as 1st-3rd embodiment, it is good also as an apparatus structure which combined the structure demonstrated in each embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Oil separation part, 2 ... Anaerobic processing part, 3,5 ... Emulsifier addition part, 4 ... Carrier recovery part, 100,200,300 ... Fat-and-oil containing waste water treatment equipment.

Claims (4)

An oil separation unit that separates the oil-containing wastewater into oil-containing materials and separated water;
An anaerobic treatment unit that introduces a carrier on which oil-degrading bacteria are fixed and anaerobically treats the oil-containing material separated by the oil separation unit;
An oil-containing wastewater treatment apparatus having   The fat and oil containing waste water treatment apparatus of Claim 1 which mixes the said fat and oil containing waste water with the said fat and oil containing thing before anaerobic processing or during anaerobic processing.   The fat and oil containing waste water treatment apparatus of Claim 1 or 2 which has an emulsifier addition part which adds an emulsifier with respect to the said fat and oil containing material before anaerobic processing or during anaerobic processing.   The carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a carrier recovery unit that separates and recovers the carrier contained in the treated water from the anaerobic treatment unit and returns the carrier to the anaerobic treatment unit. The oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to one item.

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