JP2018114481A - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vertical crusher capable of reducing an internal powder layer differential pressure by reducing solid fuel that circulates inside.SOLUTION: A vertical crusher 1 comprises a crushing table 4 for crushing biomass, a discharge port 8 provided above the crushing table 4 and discharging the crushed biomass to the outside, a cylindrical hopper 9 located above the crushing table 4 and under the discharge port 8 and extending in a vertical direction, an air supply duct 3 for supplying carriage air for passing the biomass crushed by the crushing table 4 through outside the hopper 9 and the upper end of the hopper 9 to carry it to the discharge port 8, and a flow passage partition plate 37 extending inwardly in the radial direction from the upper end of the hopper 9.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing solid fuel.

  Biomass has less N (nitrogen) in the fuel and more volatile matter than coal, so it can be burned together with fossil fuels such as coal or co-fired with low NOx and low unburned content. In recent years, a combustion technique using biomass as a secondary fuel has attracted attention as one of the measures for reducing carbon dioxide emissions in a combustion boiler using fossil fuel.

  A pulverizer for pulverizing in order to use a solid fuel such as biomass as a fuel is disclosed in Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a particle group generated on a pulverization table is blown upward by a transfer gas introduced from a throat and transferred to a classifier. In the configuration of Patent Document 1, a particle group having a large particle size is blown down by gravity while being transported to the classification unit, returned to the pulverization unit, and circulated in the pulverizer.

Japanese Patent No. 5889014

  When trying to obtain more energy using solid fuel such as biomass as fuel, it is necessary to supply a large amount of pulverized solid fuel to the combustor. For this purpose, it is necessary to pulverize a large amount of solid fuel. However, when a large amount of solid fuel is supplied to the pulverizer, the amount of solid fuel circulating in the pulverizer increases, and the powder layer differential pressure in the pulverizer increases. It can be high and the operation of the grinder can be difficult.

  In Patent Document 1, a cylindrical lower cylindrical member is installed from the radially outer side of the upper end of the recovery hopper to the lower side, and between the lower cylindrical member and the housing is narrow and extends from the lower side to the upper side. A straight flow path in the reduced flow direction is formed in a cylindrical shape, making it difficult to separate the particles in the flow path in the reduced flow direction into coarse particles and fine particles, and increasing the discharge of particles outside the pulverizer system. The layer pressure difference is reduced.

  However, when more solid fuel is desired to be pulverized in order to obtain more energy, the configuration of Patent Document 1 may not be able to sufficiently reduce the powder layer differential pressure inside the pulverizer. .

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a vertical crusher that can reduce the internal fuel layer differential pressure by reducing the solid fuel circulating inside. With the goal.

In order to solve the above problems, the vertical crusher of the present invention employs the following means.
A vertical pulverizer according to an aspect of the present invention includes a pulverization unit that pulverizes solid fuel, a discharge unit that is provided above the pulverization unit and discharges the pulverized solid fuel to the outside, and A cylindrical hopper disposed above and below the discharge portion and extending in the vertical direction and the solid fuel pulverized by the pulverization portion pass through the outside of the hopper and the upper end of the hopper And a transfer gas supply unit that supplies a transfer gas to be transferred to the discharge unit, and a flow path partition that extends radially inward from the upper end of the hopper.

Part of the solid fuel pulverized in the pulverization section (hereinafter, pulverized solid fuel is referred to as “pulverized solid fuel”) rises outside the hopper together with the transfer gas, and flows in the flow direction at the upper end of the hopper. Is changed, passes through the upper end of the hopper, and is conveyed to the discharge unit. During this conveyance, coarse particles having a large particle size fall by gravity and are returned to the pulverization unit. In this way, the transport gas transports fine particles smaller than the predetermined particle size of the pulverized solid fuel to the discharge unit, drops coarse particles larger than the predetermined particle size in the middle of the transfer, and returns them to the pulverization unit. Has a classification function.
In the said structure, the flow-path partition part extended in a radial inside from a hopper upper end is provided. Therefore, the flow path partitioning portion prevents a part of the coarse particles from falling from the pulverized solid fuel passing through the outer side of the hopper and the upper end of the hopper. The coarse particles that are prevented from dropping by the flow path partitioning portion are again transported to the discharge portion by the transporting gas. Thereby, the coarse grain which falls in the middle of conveyance and is returned to a grinding | pulverization part can be decreased, and the quantity of the coarse grain discharged | emitted from a discharge part can be increased. Thus, by making it easy to discharge the coarse particles from the vertical pulverizer, the pulverized solid fuel circulating in the vertical pulverizer can be reduced. Therefore, the powder layer differential pressure in the vertical grinder can be reduced.
Further, since only the flow path partitioning portion is provided, the above effect can be obtained with a simple configuration. Therefore, installation costs and the like can be suppressed. Further, it can be easily added to an existing vertical crusher. Moreover, it can be easily removed.

  In the vertical crusher according to one aspect of the present invention, the flow path partitioning portion may be inclined with respect to a horizontal plane so that a radially inner side is higher.

  In the said structure, the flow-path partition part inclines with respect to a horizontal surface. Thereby, the pulverized solid fuel landed on the flow path partitioning part slides down along the inclined surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pulverized solid fuel from being deposited on the flow path partitioning portion. Further, in the above configuration, since the flow path partitioning portion is inclined so that the inner side in the radial direction becomes higher, the pulverized solid fuel that has landed on the flow path partitioning portion slides down to the outer side in the radial direction of the flow path partitioning portion. The pulverized solid fuel that has slid down to the outer side in the radial direction of the flow path partitioning portion rises again by the carrier gas that rises outside the hopper, so that the pulverized solid fuel returned to the pulverizing portion decreases. Therefore, the coarse particles can be more easily discharged from the vertical pulverizer, and the pulverized solid fuel circulating in the vertical pulverizer can be reduced. The inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane is preferably in the range of 30 degrees to 50 degrees. If it is such a range, it can prevent suitably that a grinding | pulverization solid fuel accumulates on a flow-path partition part.

  A vertical pulverizer according to an aspect of the present invention includes a cylindrical member that is disposed above the pulverization unit and below the discharge unit, and has a side surface that extends in a substantially vertical direction. However, the flow path partition may extend from the upper end of the tubular member to the inside in the radial direction instead of the upper end of the hopper.

In the said structure, the hopper is not provided but the cylindrical member is provided. The cylindrical member has a side surface extending in a substantially vertical direction. That is, the side surface of the cylindrical member is not inclined with respect to the vertical surface. Therefore, it is difficult to affect the transport path of the pulverized solid fuel that is transported from the pulverization unit disposed below to the discharge unit disposed above. Thereby, since the path | route from a grinding | pulverization part to a discharge part becomes short, it becomes difficult for a coarse grain to fall in the middle of conveyance. Accordingly, the coarse particles are easily conveyed to the discharge unit, and the coarse particles can be more easily discharged from the vertical crusher. In addition, when the cylindrical member does not interfere with the shortest conveyance path from the pulverization unit to the discharge unit, coarse particles can be discharged more suitably.
Further, in the above configuration, a part of the coarse particles conveyed through the outside of the cylindrical member is prevented from falling by the flow path partitioning portion, so that the coarse particles can be easily discharged, and the saddle type The pulverized solid fuel circulating in the pulverizer can be reduced.

  In the vertical crusher according to one aspect of the present invention, the flow path partition may include an area changing mechanism that changes an area when the flow path partition is viewed in plan.

  In the above configuration, the area changing mechanism changes the area of the flow path partition when viewed in plan. When the area is large, the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall increases, and when the area is small, the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall decreases. In this way, the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall can be adjusted. By adjusting the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall, it is possible to adjust the amount of coarse particles that are returned to the pulverization unit and re-pulverized. By adjusting the ratio of coarse particles contained in the pulverized solid fuel discharged from the mold pulverizer to a desired ratio, the amount of solid fuel circulating in the vertical pulverizer can be adjusted. Thereby, for example, when coal is pulverized, the proportion of coarse particles can be adjusted to a proportion corresponding to the material to be crushed, such as reducing the proportion of coarse particles.

  A vertical crusher according to an aspect of the present invention includes a rotating blade, and among the pulverized solid fuel conveyed by the conveying gas, a blade larger than a predetermined particle diameter is repelled by the blade. The classifier includes a classifier that returns to the pulverization unit and guides a particle having a particle size equal to or smaller than a predetermined particle size to the discharge unit, and the classifier has a circle drawn by a rotation trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade above the hopper, It is provided so that a gap space is formed between the upper end, and the area when the flow path partition is viewed in plan is about 50% to 90% of the area when the gap space is viewed in plan. Also good.

  If the area of the flow path partition when viewed in plan is small, the amount of pulverized solid fuel that prevents the drop will decrease. On the other hand, if the area when the flow path partitioning unit is viewed in plan is too large, the coarse particles returned to the pulverizing unit are extremely reduced, and the classification performance of the carrier gas is lost. In the above configuration, since the area when the flow path partition is viewed in plan is about 50% to 90% of the area when the gap space is viewed in plan, without losing the classification performance of the transfer gas, The powder layer differential pressure in the mold pulverizer can be suitably reduced.

  According to the present invention, the solid fuel circulating inside the pulverizer can be reduced, and the powder layer differential pressure inside the pulverizer can be reduced.

It is a schematic structure figure of a vertical crusher concerning an embodiment of the present invention. (A) shows the distribution | circulation state of the grinding | pulverization solid fuel in the conventional vertical pulverizer, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the distribution | circulation state of the pulverized biomass in the vertical pulverizer shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the powder layer differential pressure | voltage of the conventional vertical crusher shown in FIG. 1, and the supply amount of biomass. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the grinding | pulverization motive power of the vertical crusher shown in the past and FIG. 1, and the supply amount of biomass. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the closing ratio of the hopper by the flow-path partition plate of the vertical crusher shown in FIG. 1, and the powder layer differential pressure inside a vertical crusher. (A) shows the distribution state of the pulverized solid fuel in the vertical pulverizer according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and (b) shows the distribution of the pulverized solid fuel in the vertical pulverizer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a state. It is a schematic diagram which shows the principal part in the vertical crusher which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the flow-path partition part which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the modification of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vertical crusher according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
In the present embodiment, an example using biomass as a solid fuel will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a vertical pulverizer 1 according to this embodiment includes a substantially cylindrical hollow housing 2 that forms an outer shell of the vertical pulverizer 1, and a lower side surface of the housing 2 in communication with the housing 2. An air supply duct (conveying gas supply unit) 3 for supplying conveying air (conveying gas) 42 is provided inside. In the interior of the housing 2, the biomass (solid fuel) is pulverized on the pulverization table 4, which is supported with respect to the housing 2 so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis along the vertical vertical direction. A plurality of crushing rollers 5 are accommodated. Further, inside the housing 2, a cylindrical hopper 9 having an inverted conical shape is provided above the crushing table 4.

  The housing 2 is cylindrical and has a side surface portion 2a that defines the side surface of the housing 2, and a ceiling surface portion 2b that defines the upper end in the vertical direction of the housing. A cylindrical solid fuel supply pipe 6 is provided in the upper center portion of the housing 2 so as to penetrate the ceiling surface portion 2 b of the housing 2. The solid fuel supply pipe 6 supplies biomass into the housing 2 from a biomass supply device (not shown), and extends in the vertical vertical direction to the center position of the housing 2. A rotary separator (classifier) 7 that rotates around the solid fuel supply pipe 6 in the housing 2 and exists in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the solid fuel supply pipe 6 is provided. The rotary separator 7 classifies the pulverized biomass conveyed to the rotary separator 7 (hereinafter referred to as “pulverized biomass”) into a larger particle size and a smaller particle size. is there. On the ceiling surface portion 2 b of the housing 2, there is provided an outlet port (discharge portion) 8 for discharging fine particles, which are pulverized biomass having a predetermined particle size or less classified by the rotary separator 7, to the outside of the housing 2.

  The crushing table 4 includes a rotation support portion 11 that is rotatably supported at a substantially center of a bottom surface portion of the housing 2, and a substantially circular plate-like table portion 12 that is fixed to the upper end of the rotation support portion 11. The rotation support unit 11 is rotationally driven by the driving device 13. The table portion 12 is disposed so as to face the lower end portion on the vertical lower side of the solid fuel supply pipe 6 and rotates together with the rotation support portion 11. Moreover, the upper surface of the crushing table 4 extends in the horizontal direction, and a center cone 14 is provided at a substantially central portion. The outer end portion of the table portion 12 and the side surface portion 2 a of the housing 2 are not in contact with each other, and a gap is provided between the table portion 12 and the side surface portion 2 a of the housing 2. A throat 15 that is fixed to the outer end of the table portion 12 and rotates with the rotation of the crushing table 4 is provided in the gap. In this embodiment, a so-called rotary swirl flow throat that rotates with the rotation of the crushing table 4 is provided. However, the throat 15 can also be provided with a fixed swirl flow throat attached to the housing 2 side. is there.

  The plurality of crushing rollers 5 are arranged on the table portion 12 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Each crushing roller 5 is rotated by the pressure frame 16, the roller pivot 17 and the roller bracket 18 in a state where the upper side is inclined above the crushing table 4 so that the upper side is positioned closer to the center side of the housing 2 than the lower side. Supported as possible. By pulling down the pressure frame 16 installed inside the vertical crusher 1 via the pressure rod 20 by a pressure device 19 such as a hydraulic cylinder installed outside the vertical crusher 1. A crushing load is applied to the roller bracket 18 installed below the pressure frame 16. Each crushing roller 5 can be rotated by receiving a rotational force from the crushing table 4 when the crushing table 4 rotates in a state where the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the upper surface of the crushing table 4.

  The air supply duct 3 has a rectangular tube shape or a circular tube shape with a substantially rectangular cross section. A duct outlet 26 that opens into the housing 2 is provided at one end of the air supply duct 3, and a duct inlet 27 that opens out of the housing 2 is provided at the other end. The air supply duct 3 is provided so as to extend substantially parallel to the horizontal plane or at a vertically lower side with an inclination angle, and communicates with the side surface portion 2 a of the housing 2. The air supply duct 3 supplies the transfer air 42 into the housing 2 by pushing the transfer air 42 supplied from an air supply device (not shown) from the duct inlet 27 and discharging it from the duct outlet 26. The conveying air 42 supplied from the air supply duct is blown out from the throat 15 provided in the gap between the pulverizing table 4 and the side surface portion 2a of the housing 2, and the pulverized biomass pulverized by the pulverizing table 4 is air-conveyed.

  The rotary separator 7 extends in the vertical direction (vertical direction) and is rotatably provided so as to surround the solid fuel supply pipe 6, and a support extending radially from the outer surface of the rotary shaft 22. An annular frame (not shown) supported by a rod (not shown), a plurality of blades 23 fixed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the frame, and a drive unit 24 for rotating the rotary shaft 22 Prepare.

  Each blade 23 is formed in a flat plate shape, extends substantially vertically up and down, and is provided so as to have a predetermined angle with respect to a radial direction in the outer circumferential direction with respect to the center of rotation of the rotary separator 7. ing. In the present embodiment, the outer end portion of each blade 23 is provided so as to extend substantially vertically (see FIGS. 1 and 2). However, the lower end of each blade 23 has a rotary separator at the lower end rather than the upper end. 7 may be inclined so as to approach the rotation center side.

  A hopper 9 is disposed below the blade 23 at a position spaced from the lower end of the blade 23. The hopper has an inverted conical shape, has a cylindrical shape, and extends in the vertical direction. That is, the hopper 9 has a mortar shape that forms an upper opening 30 that opens upward, a lower opening 31 that opens downward and has a diameter smaller than the diameter d2 of the upper opening 30, and the upper opening 30 and the lower opening 31. Hopper main body 32. The center of the lower opening 31 is located substantially vertically above the apex of the center cone 14. The hopper 9 is supported by a beam or the like from the ceiling surface portion 2 b or the side surface portion 2 a of the housing 2. The diameter d2 (see FIG. 2) of the upper opening 30 of the hopper 9 is formed larger than the diameter d1 (see FIG. 2) of the circle drawn by the rotation trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade 23.

  A cylindrical lower cylindrical member (tubular member) 34 is installed from the upper end of the hopper body 32 downward. That is, the lower cylindrical member 34 is disposed above the crushing table 4 and below the outlet port 8 and extends in the vertical direction. The lower cylindrical member 34 is also supported by a beam or the like from the ceiling surface portion 2b or the side surface portion 2a of the housing 2. Further, on the radially outer side of the blade 23, an upper cylindrical member 35 having a cylindrical shape is suspended downward from the ceiling surface portion 2b of the housing 2. The lower end of the upper cylindrical member 35 and the upper end of the lower cylindrical member 34 are separated from each other.

  A flow path partition plate (flow path partition portion) 37 that is an annular plate member that extends inward in the radial direction of the upper opening 30 from the upper end portion of the hopper main body portion 32 (that is, the upper end portion of the lower cylindrical member 34) is provided. Yes. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the flow path partition plate 37 is inclined by an inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane L1 (see FIG. 2B) so that the radially inner side is higher. . The upper end of the flow path partition plate 37 is positioned below the lower end of the blade 23, and the blade 23 is positioned on the extension line of the upper end of the flow path partition plate 37. The inclination angle θ is preferably in the range of 30 degrees to 50 degrees.

Further, the inner peripheral end of the flow path partition plate 37 is located on the radially outer side than the outer end of the blade 23. That is, the flow path partition plate 37 is formed between the outer periphery of the upper opening 30 of the hopper 9 and the outer periphery of the circle drawn by the rotation track of the outer peripheral end of the blade 23 when the flow path partition plate 37 is viewed in plan. The entire annular space (hereinafter referred to as “gap space”) is not covered. In the present embodiment, the area S1 when the flow path partition plate 37 is viewed in plan is 50% to 90% of the area S2 when the gap space is viewed in plan. That is, the closing ratio (S1 / S2), which is the ratio that the flow path partition plate 37 covers the gap space, is about 0.5 to 0.9.
The area S2 when the gap space is viewed in plan is obtained by subtracting the area of a circle drawn by the rotation trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade 23 from the area of the upper opening 30. The area of the upper opening 30 is obtained from the diameter d2 of the upper opening 30, and the area of the circle drawn by the rotational trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade 23 is obtained from the diameter d1 of the circle drawn by the rotational trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade 23. It is done. The area S1 when the flow path partition plate 37 is viewed in plan is obtained by subtracting the area of the opening formed inside the flow path partition plate 37 from the area of the upper opening 30. The area of the opening formed inside the flow path partition plate 37 is obtained from the diameter d3 of the inner peripheral end of the flow path partition plate 37.

  Next, the main flow of biomass supplied from the solid fuel supply pipe 6 onto the pulverization table 4 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, black arrows represent a flow of only biomass, and white arrows represent a flow of only carrier air. Moreover, the black and white two-color arrow represents the flow of the solid-gas two-phase state in which the air for conveyance is conveying biomass.

  Biomass supplied from the solid fuel supply pipe 6 into the vertical crusher 1 as indicated by an arrow 40 falls onto the crushing table 4. The biomass that has fallen on the crushing table 4 is moved to the outer periphery by drawing a spiral trajectory on the crushing table 4 by the centrifugal force accompanying rotation, and is caught between the crushing table 4 and the crushing roller 5 and crushed. Is done. The pulverized biomass generated by the pulverization is blown upward as indicated by an arrow 41 by the transfer air 42 introduced from the throat 15 provided around the pulverization table 4. The pulverized biomass blown upward rises as indicated by an arrow 43 between the outer peripheral surface of the lower cylindrical member 34 and the side surface portion 2 a of the housing 2. During this rise, a part of the coarse particles having a large particle size among the pulverized biomass falls by gravity and is returned to the pulverization table 4.

  The crushed biomass that has reached the upper end of the lower cylindrical member 34 passes between the upper end of the lower cylindrical member 34 and the lower end of the upper cylindrical member 35, as indicated by an arrow 44, and enters the inner side in the radial direction of the lower cylindrical member 34. It goes to the arranged rotary separator 7. Among the pulverized biomass directed to the rotary separator 7, some of the coarse particles having a large particle diameter do not reach the rotary separator 7 and fall through the gap space by gravity. The fallen crushed biomass slides down along the hopper body 32 as indicated by an arrow 45, returns to the pulverization table 4, and is crushed again.

  Of the pulverized biomass introduced into the rotary separator 7, coarse particles having a large particle size are beaten off by the blade 23. The coarse particles knocked down by the blade 23 slide down along the hopper body 32 as indicated by an arrow 45, are returned to the crushing table 4, and are crushed again. On the other hand, as shown by an arrow 46, the fine particles having a small particle diameter that have passed through the blade 23 are conveyed from the outlet port 8 to a combustor (not shown) provided outside the vertical crusher 1 as a product fine powder ( (See arrow 47).

  Thus, in the vertical crusher 1 according to the present embodiment, the pulverized biomass is classified by the classification by the gravity (primary classification) and the classification by the rotary separator 7 (secondary classification). That is, among the pulverized biomass, fine particles having a small particle diameter are conveyed to the outlet port 8, coarse particles having a large particle diameter are returned to the pulverization table 4, and the pulverized biomass is circulated in the vertical pulverizer 1.

According to this embodiment, there exist the following effects.
As shown in FIG. 2A, in the conventional vertical crusher in which the flow path partition plate 37 is not provided, the gap space is formed large. Therefore, after the pulverized biomass to be conveyed passes through the upper end of the lower cylindrical member 34 (that is, the upper end of the hopper 9), the amount of coarse particles falling by gravity is relatively large as indicated by the arrow A1.

  In the present embodiment, a flow path partition plate 37 that extends radially inward from the upper end of the hopper body 32 is provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 2B, a part of the gap space is covered by the flow path partition plate 37. Therefore, the flow path partition plate 37 prevents the coarse particles from falling from the pulverized biomass passing through the outside of the lower cylindrical member 34 (that is, the outside of the hopper 9) and the upper end of the lower cylindrical member 34 (that is, the upper end of the hopper 9). Hinder. Coarse particles that are prevented from dropping by the flow path partition plate 37 are again transported to the outlet port 8 by the transport air 42. That is, as shown by the arrow A2, coarse particles that fall in the middle of conveyance and return to the pulverization unit can be reduced. Thereby, the amount of coarse particles discharged from the outlet port 8 can be increased. Thus, by making it easy to discharge the coarse particles from the vertical pulverizer 1, the circulating biomass circulating in the vertical pulverizer 1 can be reduced. Therefore, the powder layer differential pressure in the vertical crusher 1 can be reduced. Since biomass is relatively easy to burn, it can be burned suitably even if a certain amount of coarse particles is supplied to the combustor, so that the powder layer differential pressure can be reduced without affecting the combustor. it can.

  Therefore, a large amount of biomass can be supplied into the vertical crusher 1 in order to increase the amount of energy obtained in the combustor. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, even if the amount of biomass supplied into the vertical crusher 1 is increased as compared with the conventional case, the powder layer differential pressure does not exceed the threshold value. The “biomass supply amount” on the horizontal axis shown in FIG. 3 is the total amount obtained by burning all solid fuels pulverized by five coal mills for pulverizing coal and one biomass pellet mill for pulverizing biomass. It is the ratio of the amount of energy obtained by burning the biomass crushed with one biomass pellet mill among the amount of energy.

  Moreover, since the pulverized biomass circulating in the vertical pulverizer 1 can be reduced, the pulverization power of the pulverization table 4 can also be reduced as compared with the prior art. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, even if the amount of biomass supplied into the vertical crusher 1 is increased as compared with the conventional case, the crushing power does not exceed the threshold value.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the closing ratio of the clearance space is about 0.5 to 0.9. As shown in FIG. 5, if the closing ratio is in the range of 0.5 to 0.9, the powder layer differential pressure is lower than the threshold value. Therefore, the powder layer differential pressure in the vertical crusher 1 can be suitably reduced without losing the classification performance of the conveying air.

  Moreover, since only the flow path partition plate 37 which is an annular plate member is provided, the above-described effect can be obtained with a simple configuration. Therefore, installation costs and the like can be suppressed. Further, it can be easily added to an existing vertical crusher. Moreover, it can be easily removed. Therefore, for example, in order to reduce the amount of coarse particles discharged to pulverize coal instead of biomass with the vertical pulverizer 1, the flow path partition plate 37 is removed so that the pulverizing table 4 can be removed. The amount of coarse particles returned can be increased and the amount of coarse particles discharged can be reduced. Therefore, the vertical crusher 1 suitable for coal crushing can be easily obtained.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the flow-path partition plate 37 inclines with respect to the horizontal surface L1 (refer FIG.2 (b)). Thereby, the pulverized biomass landed on the flow path partition plate 37 slides down along the inclined surface. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pulverized biomass from accumulating on the flow path partition plate 37. In the present embodiment, since the flow path partition plate 37 is inclined so that the inner side in the radial direction is higher, the pulverized biomass that has landed on the flow path partition plate 37 is outside the flow path partition plate 37 in the radial direction. Slip down. The pulverized biomass that has slid down to the outside in the radial direction of the flow path partition plate 37 is raised again by the transfer air (see arrow 43 in FIG. 1) rising outside the hopper body 32 and transferred to the outlet port 8 again. Therefore, the pulverized biomass returned to the pulverization table 4 is reduced. Therefore, the coarse particles can be more easily discharged from the vertical pulverizer 1 and the pulverized biomass circulating in the vertical pulverizer 1 can be reduced. The inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane L1 is preferably in the range of 30 degrees to 50 degrees. If it is such a range, it can prevent suitably that pulverized biomass accumulates on the flow-path partition plate 37. FIG.

[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The configuration of the present embodiment is characterized in that the hopper 9 shown in FIG. 1 is not provided, and other configurations basically have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. 6A shows a configuration including the hopper 9 (configuration according to the first embodiment), and FIG. 6B shows a configuration not including the hopper 9 (configuration according to the present embodiment). .

According to this embodiment, there exist the following effects.
In this embodiment, the hopper 9 is not provided as shown in FIG. Therefore, the hopper 9 does not affect the conveyance path of the pulverized biomass conveyed from the pulverization table 4 to the outlet port 8. A lower cylindrical member 34 is provided between the crushing table 4 and the outlet port 8, but the side surface of the lower cylindrical member 34 extends in a substantially vertical direction. That is, the side surface of the lower cylindrical member 34 is not inclined with respect to the vertical surface. Therefore, the lower cylindrical member 34 hardly affects the transport path of the pulverized biomass transported from the pulverization table 4 to the outlet port 8. Thereby, since the conveyance path | route from the crushing table 4 to the exit port 8 becomes short, a coarse grain becomes difficult to fall in the middle of conveyance. Accordingly, the coarse particles are easily conveyed to the outlet port 8, and the coarse particles can be more easily discharged from the vertical crusher 1.

Next, the flow of pulverized biomass to be transported having a configuration with a hopper and a configuration without a hopper will be described.
In the configuration including the hopper 9, the hopper 9 has an inverted conical shape, so that the hopper body portion 32 of the hopper 9 affects the transport path of the pulverized biomass transported from the pulverization table 4 to the outlet port 8. Cheap. The pulverized biomass affected by the hopper body portion 32 of the hopper 9 is conveyed along the outer peripheral surface of the hopper 9 as indicated by an arrow A3 in FIG. The upper end is prevented from rising, falls along the inner peripheral surface of the lower cylindrical member 34, and is returned to the crushing table 4. Further, since the hopper 9 has an inverted conical shape, the area of the lower opening 31 is reduced. Therefore, the pulverized biomass that is conveyed is unlikely to pass through the lower opening 31. Even when it passes, as shown by the broken line arrow A4 in FIG. 6A, the conveyance path becomes long, and coarse particles fall during the conveyance and are easily returned to the crushing table 4.

  On the other hand, in the configuration not provided with the hopper, a path such as the arrow A3 (see FIG. 6A) does not occur, and the diameter d2 (see FIG. 2) of the downward opening of the lower cylindrical member 34 is set to the rotary. The lower cylindrical member 34 does not obstruct the shortest conveyance path from the crushing table 4 to the outlet port 8 because it is larger than the diameter d1 (see FIG. 2) of the circle drawn by the rotation trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade 23 of the separator 7. . Specifically, as indicated by an arrow A5 in FIG. 6B, the sheet is conveyed from the crushing table 4 to the outlet port 8.

[Third Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This embodiment is basically different from the first embodiment in that the flow path partition plate 37 has an area changing mechanism. Therefore, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
A plurality of openings 50 are formed in the flow path partition plate 37 of the present embodiment. In addition, the flow path partition plate 37 includes a plurality of opening / closing sections (area changing mechanisms) 51 that open and close each opening 50. Each opening / closing part 51 has a fixed end part 51a which is an end part in the radial direction and a free end part 51b which is an end part in the radial direction, and a drive part (not shown) is centered on the fixed end part 51a. Each opening formed in the flow path partition plate 37 is opened and closed by rotating the free end 51b by a predetermined angle.

According to this embodiment, there exist the following effects.
In the present embodiment, the opening / closing part 51 changes the area of the flow path partition plate 37 when viewed in plan. In the state where the opening / closing part 51 closes the opening 50, the area of the flow path partition plate 37 increases, and the amount of coarse particles that prevent the drop increases. Further, in the state where the opening / closing part 51 opens the opening 50, the area of the flow path partition plate 37 is reduced, and some coarse particles are formed in the flow path partition plate 37 as indicated by an arrow A6 in FIG. It passes through the open opening 50 and falls. Therefore, the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall is reduced.
Thus, by providing the opening / closing part 51, the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall can be adjusted. By adjusting the amount of coarse particles that prevent the fall, the amount of coarse particles that are returned to the pulverization table 4 and re-ground can be adjusted. Since the amount of coarse particles to be reground can be adjusted, the proportion of coarse particles discharged from the vertical grinder 1 can be adjusted to a desired proportion. Therefore, for example, when pulverizing coal, it is necessary to pulverize to a 200 mesh pass rate of about 70 to 80%, but in this embodiment, the pulverization discharged by changing the area of the flow path partition plate 37. The 200 mesh pass rate of the obtained coal can be set to 70 to 80%. Thus, the ratio of the discharged coarse particles can be set to a ratio according to the object to be crushed.

  In the present embodiment, the example in which the plurality of opening / closing sections 51 are provided as the mechanism for changing the area of the flow path partition plate 37 has been described. However, the mechanism for changing the area is not limited thereto. As shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C, the mechanism for changing the area is provided so that the plurality of blades 53 overlap each other, and the angle of the plurality of blades 53 is changed to change the area like a diaphragm of a camera. The aperture part 52 to be changed may be used.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the invention according to each of the above embodiments, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist thereof. For example, in each of the above embodiments, biomass has been described as an example of the material to be pulverized, but the material to be pulverized is not limited to biomass. Any solid fuel that needs to be pulverized when it is used as fuel, such as coal, high-grade coal, low-grade coal, or petroleum coke, may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical crusher 2 Housing 3 Air supply duct (gas supply part for conveyance)
4 Grinding table (grinding part)
5 Crushing roller 7 Rotary separator (classifier)
8 Outlet port (discharge section)
9 hopper 12 table portion 15 throat 23 blade 30 upper opening 31 lower opening 32 hopper main body portion 34 lower cylindrical member (tubular member)
37 Channel divider (channel divider)
51 Opening and closing part (area changing mechanism)
52 Diaphragm (Area change mechanism)

Claims (5)

A pulverizing unit for pulverizing the solid fuel;
A discharge unit provided above the pulverization unit and discharging the pulverized solid fuel to the outside;
A cylindrical hopper disposed above the pulverization unit and below the discharge unit and extending in the vertical direction;
A transport gas supply unit configured to pass the solid fuel pulverized by the pulverization unit through the outer side of the hopper and the upper end of the hopper and supply a transport gas to be transported to the discharge unit;
A vertical crusher comprising: a channel partition extending radially inward from the upper end of the hopper.   The vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the flow path partitioning portion is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane so that a radially inner side is higher. A cylindrical member disposed above the pulverization unit and below the discharge unit, and having a side surface extending in a substantially vertical direction;
The hopper is not provided,
3. The vertical crusher according to claim 1, wherein the flow path partitioning portion extends inward in the radial direction from an upper end of the cylindrical member, instead of the upper end of the hopper.   The vertical crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the flow path partitioning section includes an area changing mechanism that changes an area when the flow path partitioning section is viewed in plan. Of the pulverized solid fuel transported by the transport gas, having a rotating blade, the one having a predetermined particle diameter larger than a predetermined particle diameter is bounced back to the pulverizing section, and the one having a predetermined particle diameter or less is Equipped with a classifier leading to the discharge section,
The classifier is provided above the hopper so that a gap space is formed between a circle drawn by the rotation trajectory of the outer peripheral end of the blade and the upper end of the hopper,
The vertical crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an area of the flow path partition when viewed in plan is about 50% to 90% of an area of the gap space when viewed in plan. .

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