JP2018108580A - Sludge scraper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sludge scraper which maintains smooth flight operation and achieves excellent maintenance management even when a tensile force of an endless chain is reduced by use of the sludge scraper.SOLUTION: In order to achieve the above object, a sludge scraper characterized by including a flight which scrapes sludge or scum, an endless chain which supports the flight, and a chain guide which supports the endless chain in a substantially horizontal direction is provided. Thus, the sludge scraper which maintains smooth flight operation and achieves excellent maintenance management even when a tensile force of the endless chain is reduced by use of the sludge scraper is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a sludge scraping machine for scraping sludge accumulated on the bottom of a sedimentation basin and scum floating on the water surface.

  In sewage treatment plants, wastewater treatment plants, water purification plants, etc., a settling basin is provided for settling and separating particles contained in the water to be treated. The sludge settled and separated in the sedimentation basin is scraped by a sludge scraper installed inside the sedimentation basin and collected in the sludge pit. Then, the sludge collected in the sludge pit is discharged from the discharge pipe to the outside of the settling basin.

  Further, since scum is generated on the water surface of the sedimentation basin, it may be necessary to collect the scum that has floated on the water surface like sludge, collect it in the scum discharge device, and discharge it to the outside of the sedimentation basin.

  As a sludge scraping machine used in a rectangular sedimentation basin, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, an endless chain that moves around the bottom and the water surface of the sedimentation basin is attached to the endless chain at regular intervals. A sludge scraper with a plurality of flights is known. Such a sludge scraper is provided with an adjusting device that performs initial tension adjustment of the endless chain and tension adjustment with respect to elongation during operation. As an adjustment device in a conventional sludge scraper, a screw-type adjustment device has been provided on the sprocket at the bottom of the pond. However, this adjusting device has a problem in that it is necessary to empty the settling basin every time the endless chain tension is adjusted.

  With respect to this problem, in the sludge scraper described in Patent Document 1, the biasing means that biases tension toward the slack side of the endless chain (the region that travels from the sprocket near the water surface toward the sprocket near the pond bottom). Tensile sprockets with a mesh are engaged to adjust tension.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-102204

  As described above, in the sludge scraper, there is a problem that the endless chain is extended and the tension is weakened by use, and when the endless chain is extended and the tension is weakened, the stagnation or dropping of the flight is caused near the water surface of the endless chain. Trouble may occur.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a sludge scraper that maintains smooth operation of a flight and is excellent in maintainability even when the tension of an endless chain is reduced by using a sludge scraper.

As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventor has provided a chain guide that supports the endless chain, thereby maintaining smooth movement of the flight even when the tension of the endless chain is reduced. The present invention has been completed by finding that troubles such as stagnation and dropout can be prevented.
That is, this invention is the following sludge scraping machines.

  The sludge scraping machine of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises a flight that scrapes sludge or scum, an endless chain that supports the flight, and a chain guide that supports the endless chain. It is characterized by.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the endless chain in the sludge scraper is installed around a drive sprocket 2a (drive shaft) near the water surface and a plurality of driven sprockets 2b, 2c, 2d (driven shaft). The endless chain moves so as to be pushed out from the drive sprocket 2a toward the driven sprocket 2b. A suspended region (hereinafter referred to as “catenary portion C”) is formed between the driven sprocket 2b near the water surface and the driven sprocket 2c near the pond bottom, and the weight of the chain in the catenary portion is near the water surface. Maintains endless chain tension. When the endless chain is extended by using a sludge scraper, a part of the catenary part C is supported by the catenary guide 12 (indicated by a broken line), so the catenary part C is shortened and the endless chain near the water surface The phenomenon that the tension with respect to the lowering occurs.

  In a conventional sludge scraper, a flight guide rail is provided near the water surface, and the flight is moved along the flight guide rail. At this time, the endless chain attached to the flight is in a state of being suspended between the flights and being pulled by the weight of the catenary part C. Therefore, in the conventional sludge scraper, when the endless chain tension near the water surface decreases due to the extension of the endless chain, the endless chain pushed out of the drive sprocket 2a is slackened in front of the driven sprocket 2b, and flight stagnation or dropout occurs. May occur.

  However, according to the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, the chain guide for supporting the endless chain is provided, and the endless chain moves along the chain guide. Therefore, the endless chain pushed out by the drive sprocket 2a can transmit the pressing force from the drive sprocket 2a to the front endless chain. Therefore, it is possible to prevent stagnation and dropout of the flight and realize smooth movement of the flight.

  In addition, according to the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, since the smooth movement of the flight can be realized even when the tension of the endless chain is lowered, it is not necessary to remove the water from the settling basin and adjust the tension. It is possible to provide a sludge scraping machine with excellent maintenance.

  Furthermore, according to the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, since the endless chain itself can be supported and moved in the horizontal direction, there is no need to provide a flight guide rail for moving the flight in a substantially horizontal direction. . Accordingly, there is no need to provide a guide shoe (sliding member with the flight guide rail) provided in the flight, and the apparatus can be simplified. In view of this effect, it can be said that the chain guide of the present invention can also be used for the movement of flights at the bottom of a pond.

Furthermore, as one embodiment of the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, the chain guide has a feature of restricting the upward movement of the endless chain.
According to this feature, since the upward movement of the endless chain is limited, the pressing force from the drive shaft is not released upward, and can be transmitted to the front endless chain more reliably. Further, when sloshing (a phenomenon in which the liquid oscillates due to a relatively long period of vibration) occurs due to a large earthquake or the like, it is possible to suppress the swing of the flight and prevent the dropout.

Furthermore, as one embodiment of the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, it is provided with a drive shaft for driving an endless chain, the drive shaft and the chain guide are provided in the vicinity of the water surface, and the chain guide is located on the drive shaft. It has the characteristic that it is provided in the advancing direction of the endless chain.
Since the malfunction of the flight due to insufficient tension of the endless chain is particularly likely to occur in the vicinity of the water surface, according to this feature, it is possible to provide a sludge scraping machine that enables smooth operation of the flight more reliably.

Furthermore, as one embodiment of the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, the chain guide includes a guide cover that restricts the upward movement of the endless chain, and the guide cover extends above the drive shaft. It has the feature of being.
According to this feature, the pressing force from the drive shaft can be more reliably transmitted to the front endless chain. In addition, the function of preventing the endless chain from falling off is further strengthened.

Furthermore, as one embodiment of the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, it is provided in front of the drive shaft in the advancing direction of the endless chain, and includes a driven shaft that hangs the chain together with the drive shaft. It has the characteristic that it is provided from the shaft to the driven shaft.
With this feature, it is possible to provide a sludge scraping machine with a further enhanced function of maintaining the horizontal state of the endless chain in the vicinity of the water surface.

Furthermore, as one embodiment of the sludge scraping machine of the present invention, there is a feature that a buoyancy generating means for imparting buoyancy to the endless chain is provided.
When the endless chain moves along the chain guide, the endless chain and the chain guide slide to cause a problem that the sliding portion is worn. By providing the buoyancy generating means for giving buoyancy to the endless chain, the load applied to the sliding portion between the endless chain and the chain guide is reduced, so that wear of the sliding portion can be suppressed.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even when the tension | tensile_strength of an endless chain falls by use of a sludge scraping machine, the sludge scraping machine which maintained the smooth operation | movement of a flight and was excellent in the maintainability can be provided.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the sludge scraping machine of the embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the cross-sectional structure of the chain guide of the 1st embodiment of this invention. (II arrow view in FIG. 1) It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the chain guide provided with the guide cover of the 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the chain guide provided with the guide cover of the 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the sludge scraper provided with the guide shoe of the 4th embodiment of this invention, and the guide rail for flight. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the aspect of the structure provided with components as a kink releasing member in the chain guide provided with the guide cover of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship of the chain guide and drive shaft of the embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the cross-sectional structure of the chain guide of the 5th embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the cross-section of the chain flight of the 5th embodiment of this invention. (II-II arrow view in FIG. 1) It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the cross-section of the chain flight of the 5th embodiment of this invention. (III-III arrow view in FIG. 1) It is a schematic explanatory drawing explaining the measuring method of the load of the flight in to-be-processed water.

  The sludge scraper of the present invention is a sludge scraper that scrapes sludge accumulated on the bottom of a sedimentation basin or scum that floats on the water surface, the flight that scrapes sludge or scum, and the flight An endless chain for supporting and a chain guide for supporting the endless chain are provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the sludge scraper according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the structure of the sedimentation basin and the sludge scraping machine described in the embodiment, it is merely illustrated for explaining the sludge scraping machine according to the present invention, and is not limited thereto.

[Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing the structure of a sludge scraper 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the sludge scraper 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed inside a sedimentation basin 10 such as a sewage treatment plant or a water purification plant.

  The sedimentation basin 10 is configured to be horizontally long, and treated water such as sewage is supplied from the left side of FIG. A sludge pit 10b is provided at the end of the pond bottom 10a of the sedimentation site 10 on the treated water supply side, and the sludge pit 10b is provided with a discharge pipe 10c for discharging sludge to the outside.

  In addition, a scum discharge device 6 composed of a scum pipe that can rotate around an axis is provided over the entire width of the sedimentation basin 10 (perpendicular to the paper surface) in the vicinity of the water surface 10d at a substantially central portion of the sedimentation basin 10. Yes. An opening extending in the axial direction is formed on the upper peripheral surface of the scum pipe, and the cross-sectional shape is C-shaped. The scum pipe repeats the operation of rotating counterclockwise in FIG. 1 so that the floating portion (scum) floating on the water surface 10d is collected so that the opening is located below the water surface 10d, and then returning.

  The sludge scraper 1 includes an endless chain 3a that moves around in the settling tank 10 in the longitudinal direction. A pair of endless chains 3a are installed opposite to the width direction of the sedimentation basin 10 (perpendicular to the paper surface). The pair of endless chains 3a have flights (scraping blades) extending in the width direction of the sedimentation basin 10. A plurality of 4 are suspended along the circumferential direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the endless chain 3a is wound around a driving sprocket 2a as a driving shaft and three driven sprockets 2b, 2c, and 2d as driven shafts so that the endless chain 3a moves around the settling basin 10. It is attached. Further, the endless chain 3b is wound around the drive sprocket 2a and the motor sprocket 5a provided in the motor 5, and transmits the power of the motor 5 to the endless chain 3a.

  The driving sprocket 2a and the driven sprocket 2b are installed in the vicinity of the water surface 10d, and a chain guide 7 for supporting the endless chain 3a in a substantially horizontal direction is installed between them. The endless chain 3 a moves so as to slide on the chain guide 7. The scum floating on the water surface 10d is scraped toward the scum discharge device 6 by the flight 4 attached to the endless chain 3a.

  Further, the remaining two driven sprockets 2c and 2d are installed near the pond bottom 10a, and a chain guide 71 for supporting the endless chain 3a in a substantially horizontal direction is also installed therebetween. Thereby, the endless chain 3a can be moved substantially horizontally along the pond bottom 10a. And by the flight 4 attached to the endless chain 3a, the sludge accumulated on the pond bottom 10a is scraped to the sludge pit 10b. The sludge collected in the sludge pitch 10b is discharged from the discharge pipe 10c to the outside of the sedimentation basin 10.

  Known shapes can be used as the shapes of the endless chains 3a and 3b. Examples of the shape of the endless chains 3a and 3b include a bushed chain, a roller chain, and a notch chain. From the viewpoint that it is easy to install the attachment 4a for attaching the flight 4, a notch type chain is preferable.

  Moreover, a known material can be used for the material of the endless chains 3a and 3b. Examples of the material of the endless chains 3a and 3b include a metal chain and a resin chain. Since the resin chain is lightweight, the tension in the catenary part C becomes smaller, so that the effect of the present invention is further exhibited. Moreover, since it is lightweight, there is an advantage that wear due to sliding with the chain guide 7 is suppressed as well as an advantage that an assembling operation and an exchange operation become easy. Furthermore, since it is excellent in corrosion resistance, there also exists an advantage that replacement frequency falls. Therefore, in the present invention, a resin chain is preferable as the material of the endless chain 3a.

  The material of the chain guide 7 is not particularly limited. For example, a metal such as stainless steel, a resin such as ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, or the like can be used. The same material as the endless chain 3a may be used, and a different material may be used. However, it is preferable to select a material in consideration of the fact that the chain guide 7 and the endless chain 3a come into contact with each other and slide. Considering the strength, it is preferable to use a chain guide made of metal such as stainless steel, and to provide a sliding portion made of resin such as ultra high molecular weight polyethylene at the sliding portion with the endless chain 3a.

  In the sludge scraper 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the drive sprocket 2a is used as the drive shaft, and the driven sprockets 2b, 2c, and 2d are used as the driven shaft. The shape of the drive shaft and the driven shaft is the shape of the chain. It can be set appropriately according to For example, when a notch chain is used, the drive shaft may be a pin wheel and the driven shaft may be a sheave wheel.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the chain guide 7 has a structure that maintains the endless chain 3a hung between the drive sprocket 2a and the driven sprocket 2b installed near the water surface 10d in a substantially horizontal state along the water surface 10d. In this embodiment, it extends from the drive sprocket 2a to the driven sprocket 2b.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the chain guide 7. The chain guide 7 of the present embodiment is a structure that is provided below the endless chain 3a and is in sliding contact with the endless chain 3a. The shape may be any shape, for example, a flat plate shape, a U shape, or an L shape. From the viewpoint of preventing the flight from dropping off due to sloshing or the like, a configuration that can restrict the movement of the endless chain 3a in the width direction is preferable. The chain guide 7 is fixed to the sedimentation basin 10 by a chain guide support 7 a projecting inward in the width direction from the side wall of the sedimentation basin 10.

  The endless chain 3a is attached to the flight 4 via an attachment 4a. The position where the endless chain 3a is attached is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the endless chain 3a may be attached to the end of the flight 4 in the short direction, or the end of the flight 4 in the longitudinal direction. You may attach to.

  The material of the flight 4 and the attachment 4a is not particularly limited. For example, a metal such as stainless steel, a resin such as fiber reinforced plastic, or the like can be used. The attachment 4a is preferably made of a metal such as stainless steel from the viewpoint of strength and the like. Further, when the same material is used for the flight 4 and the attachment 4a, it is preferable that the flight 4 and the attachment 4a are integrally formed from the viewpoint of simplifying the apparatus. Specific configuration examples of the flight 4 and the attachment 4a include an integrated type of a flight made of stainless steel and a stainless steel attachment, a case where a stainless steel attachment is attached to a flight made of fiber reinforced plastic, and the like.

  3 to 5 show another embodiment of the chain guide 7. The chain guide 7 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 includes a guide cover 8 that covers the upper end of the endless chain 3a as a configuration that restricts the upward movement of the endless chain 3a. As a result, the upward movement of the endless chain is limited, so that the pressing force from the drive shaft is not released upward, and can be transmitted more reliably to the front of the endless chain. Further, it is possible to prevent the flight from dropping off due to sloshing or the like. The guide cover 8 may be provided separately from the chain guide 7 or may be integrated.

  In addition to the guide cover 8 described above, for example, a magnet is provided on the chain guide 7 and the endless chain 3a in order to restrict the upward movement of the endless chain 3a. It is good also as a structure biased in the direction of 7.

  In addition, in consideration of deterioration due to wear of the endless chain 3a, the chain guide 7 and the endless chain 3a may not be in contact with each other. As such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a guide shoe 4 b may be provided on the flight 4 so as to slide with the flight guide rail 9.

  The height between the chain guide 7 and the guide cover 8 is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than three times the height of the endless chain 3a from the viewpoint of avoiding the occurrence of kinks (chain kinks) in the endless chain 3a. Yes, more preferably 2 times or less.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the kink releasing member 11 may be provided. The kink releasing member 11 is configured to be rotatably supported with respect to the guide cover 8 and bias downward.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the guide cover 8 that restricts the upward movement of the endless chain 3a may extend to the upper side of the drive sprocket 2a. Furthermore, the guide cover 8 is preferably configured to extend from the top of the drive sprocket 2a to the rear in the traveling direction of the endless chain 3a. With this configuration, it is possible to reliably guide the movement of the endless chain 3a that has moved in the rotational direction of the drive sprocket 2a in the horizontal direction.

  Further, in order to reliably maintain the horizontal state of the endless chain 3a, it is particularly preferable to provide the chain guide 7 from the drive sprocket 2a to the driven sprocket 2b as shown in FIG. When providing a plurality of driven sprockets along the water surface 10d, it is preferable to install the chain guide 7 up to the foremost driven sprocket that forms one end of the catenary part C.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the sludge scraper of the present invention may be provided with buoyancy generating means 13 that gives buoyancy to the flight 4. When the endless chain 3a is moved along the chain guide 7, the endless chain 3a and the chain guide 7 slide to wear the sliding portion. By providing the buoyancy generating means 13 that gives buoyancy to the endless chain 3a, the load applied to the sliding portion between the endless chain 3a and the chain guide 7 is reduced, so that wear of the sliding portion can be suppressed.

  The buoyancy generating means 13 is not particularly limited as long as it is a means for giving buoyancy to the endless chain 3a as a result. Note that the buoyancy generating means 13 is a means for indirectly giving buoyancy to the endless chain 3a by giving buoyancy to the flight 4 or the like even if it is means for directly giving buoyancy to the endless chain 3a. May be. For example, means for providing a buoyancy to the endless chain by attaching a float to the flight 4 or the endless chain 3a, means for providing a buoyancy to the endless chain by providing a cavity inside the flight 4 or the endless chain 3a, the chain guide 7 and the endless chain A means for providing a buoyancy to the endless chain by providing a magnet of the same polarity at the sliding portion with the chain 3a can be used.

  The buoyancy generating means 13 shown in FIG. 8 is formed by a float attached to the flight 4. The float is a member made of a material having a specific gravity smaller than the specific gravity of the water to be treated. By attaching the buoyancy generating means 13 to the flight 4, the load of the flight 4 can be reduced, and as a result, buoyancy can be given to the endless chain 3a. The endless chain 3a is preferably a lightweight resin chain.

  The buoyancy of the float is preferably adjusted so that the load of the flight 4 in the water to be treated is 0 kg or more and 5 kg or less. As an upper limit, More preferably, it is 3 kg or less, Most preferably, it is 1 kg or less. By setting the load of the flight 4 in the water to be treated to 5 kg or less, an excessive load is not applied to the endless chain 3a to which the flight 4 is attached. Therefore, it is possible to suppress wear in a balanced manner as the endless chain 3a as a whole. . Moreover, since the flight 4 sinks even under the water surface by setting the load of the flight 4 in the water to be treated to 0 kg or more, the endless chain 3a is stably rotated.

  Note that the load of the flight 4 in the water to be treated is the weight per flight 4 in the water to be treated supplied to the settling basin 10. FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining a method for measuring the load of the flight 4. The load measuring device 14 is a measuring device that measures the weight of the flight 4. As shown in FIG. 11, the load of the flight 4 is placed in the water to be treated with the flight 4 suspended, and the weight is measured by the load measuring device 14.

  The sludge scraping machine of the present invention is used, for example, in a sedimentation basin such as a sewage treatment plant, a wastewater treatment plant, and a water purification plant to scrape sludge accumulated on the pond bottom and scum floating on the water surface.

1 Sludge scraper, 2a Drive sprocket, 2b, 2c, 2d Driven sprocket, 3a, 3b Endless chain, 4 Flight, 4a Attachment, 4b Guide shoe, 5 Motor, 5a Motor sprocket, 6 Scum discharge device, 7, 71 Chain guide, 7a chain guide support, 8 guide cover, 9 flight guide rail, 10 sedimentation basin, 10a pond bottom, 10b sludge pit, 10c discharge pipe, 10d water surface, 11 kink release member, 12 catenary guide, 13 buoyancy generating means , 14 Load measuring instrument, C catenary part

Claims (6)

A flight that scrapes sludge or scum, an endless chain that supports the flight, a chain guide that supports the endless chain,
A sludge scraping machine characterized by comprising   The sludge scraper according to claim 1, wherein the chain guide restricts the upward movement of the endless chain.   A drive shaft for driving the endless chain, wherein the drive shaft and the chain guide are provided in the vicinity of the water surface, and the chain guide is provided in front of the drive shaft in the advancing direction of the endless chain. The sludge scraper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the above.   The chain guide includes a guide cover that restricts upward movement of the endless chain, and the guide cover is provided to extend above the drive shaft. The sludge scraping machine described.   The driven shaft is provided in front of the endless chain in the advancing direction, and includes a driven shaft that hangs the endless chain together with the drive shaft, and the chain guide is provided from the drive shaft to the driven shaft. The sludge scraper according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the above. The sludge scraper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising buoyancy generating means for imparting buoyancy to the endless chain.

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