JP2018108051A - Method for producing whey preparation - Google Patents

Method for producing whey preparation Download PDF

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JP2018108051A
JP2018108051A JP2017000186A JP2017000186A JP2018108051A JP 2018108051 A JP2018108051 A JP 2018108051A JP 2017000186 A JP2017000186 A JP 2017000186A JP 2017000186 A JP2017000186 A JP 2017000186A JP 2018108051 A JP2018108051 A JP 2018108051A
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whey
producing
preparation
acid
whey preparation
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尭 長田
Takashi Osada
尭 長田
健二 豊田
Kenji Toyoda
健二 豊田
恒隆 八尋
Tsunetaka Yahiro
恒隆 八尋
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Meiji Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a whey preparation in which the influence of acid is reduced from an acid-containing whey liquid.SOLUTION: Provided is a method for producing a whey preparation characterized in that a whey liquid with a pH of 5.5 or lower as a by-product upon production of a cheese is added with alkali, neutralization treatment is performed, and subsequently, enzyme treatment using lactase is performed. Also provided is a method for producing a whey preparation comprising a step where the whey preparation is subjected to atomization drying to obtain a powder stock as well.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、ホエイ調製物の製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for producing a whey preparation.

チーズ等を製造する際に副生するホエイ(乳清)は、各種のタンパク質、ビタミン類、糖類などを多量に含んでいる。ホエイは、栄養価が高いため、噴霧乾燥等により粉末化して食品素材等のホエイ調製物として利用されている。ホエイを原料として、ホエイ調製物を製造するための種々の方法が提案されている。   Whey (whey) by-produced when producing cheese or the like contains a large amount of various proteins, vitamins, sugars and the like. Since whey has high nutritional value, it is pulverized by spray drying or the like and used as a whey preparation for food materials. Various methods for producing whey preparations using whey as a raw material have been proposed.

例えば、特開2006−320273号公報(特許文献1)には、ホエイに酵素を加えて乳糖を分解し、その酵素分解液に糖類を混合することを特徴とする乳清食品の製造方法が記載されている。また、特開2014−147368号公報(特許文献2)には、乳糖分解酵素を用いてホエイを酵素処理した後、加熱処理することを特徴とするホエイ加工食品の製造方法が記載されている。   For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-320273 (Patent Document 1) describes a method for producing whey food, which comprises degrading lactose by adding an enzyme to whey and mixing the saccharide with the enzymatic degradation solution. Has been. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-147368 (Patent Document 2) describes a method for producing a whey processed food, characterized in that whey is enzymatically treated with lactose-degrading enzyme and then heated.

特開2006−320273号公報JP 2006-320273 A 特開2014−147368号公報JP 2014-147368 A

チーズ製造時において、チーズの種類によっては、乳酸等の酸を多く含んだ酸味の強いホエイが副産物として生成することがある。酸味の強いホエイは、食品素材としては風味面で問題がある。また、乳酸はべたつくので、乳酸を含有するホエイは、従来の手法で噴霧乾燥して粉末化することが困難である。一方、ホエイは、チーズの製造時に副産物として、主産物より多量に生じることがある。したがって、酸を含有するホエイを処理して、ホエイ調製物を製造し有効利用することが求められている。そこで本発明は、酸を含むホエイ液から、酸の影響が低減されたホエイ調製物を製造する方法を提供することを課題とする。   During cheese manufacture, depending on the type of cheese, a sour whey containing a large amount of acid such as lactic acid may be produced as a by-product. Whey with strong acidity has a problem in terms of flavor as a food material. Also, since lactic acid is sticky, whey containing lactic acid is difficult to be spray-dried by conventional techniques. On the other hand, whey may be produced in a larger amount than the main product as a by-product during cheese manufacture. Accordingly, there is a need to treat whey containing acid to produce and effectively utilize whey preparations. Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the method of manufacturing the whey preparation by which the influence of the acid was reduced from the whey liquid containing an acid.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明者らは、酸味の強いホエイの処理方法について、改めて詳細に検討した。そして、その結果として、酸を含むホエイ液を中和処理し、その後にホエイ液中の乳糖を酵素処理することで、酸が低減し、風味が良好で、ガラクトオリゴ糖やミネラルを豊富に含有する、栄養価値の高いホエイ調製物が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have again examined in detail a method for treating whey having a strong acidity. And as a result, neutralizing the whey solution containing acid, and then enzymatically treating the lactose in the whey solution, the acid is reduced, the flavor is good, and galactooligosaccharides and minerals are abundant The present inventors have found that a whey preparation with high nutritional value can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.

すなわち、本発明は、次の通りとなる。
[1]ホエイ液に、アルカリを加えて中和処理し、その後に、酵素処理を実施して、酸味が低減されたホエイ調製物を得ることを特徴とする、ホエイ調製物の製造方法。
[2]ホエイ液のpHが5.5以下である、[1]に記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。
[3]前記酵素処理が、ラクターゼを用いた処理であることを特徴とする、[1]又は[2]に記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。
[4]前記ホエイ液が、チーズの製造時の副産物であることを特徴とする、[1]〜[3]のいずれか1つに記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。
[5]前記ホエイ調製物を噴霧乾燥し、粉末素材を得る工程をさらに備える、[1]〜[4]のいずれか1つに記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] A method for producing a whey preparation, characterized in that an alkali is added to a whey solution for neutralization, followed by enzyme treatment to obtain a whey preparation with reduced acidity.
[2] The method for producing a whey preparation according to [1], wherein the whey solution has a pH of 5.5 or less.
[3] The method for producing a whey preparation according to [1] or [2], wherein the enzyme treatment is a treatment using lactase.
[4] The method for producing a whey preparation according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the whey liquid is a by-product during cheese production.
[5] The method for producing a whey preparation according to any one of [1] to [4], further comprising a step of spray-drying the whey preparation to obtain a powder material.

本発明によれば、ガラクトオリゴ糖やミネラル等が混在した、栄養価の高いホエイ調製物が得られる。また、中和処理により、酸味が低減し、風味が向上したホエイ調製物が得られる。しかも、本発明のホエイ調製物は、酸の影響が低減されているので、従来の噴霧乾燥によって粉末化することができる。このように、酸を含むホエイ液を中和処理し、その後にホエイ液中の乳糖を酵素処理することで、酸味の強いホエイ液を有効利用することが可能となる。   According to the present invention, a highly nutritious whey preparation in which galactooligosaccharides, minerals and the like are mixed is obtained. In addition, the neutralization treatment provides a whey preparation with reduced acidity and improved flavor. Moreover, the whey preparation of the present invention can be pulverized by conventional spray drying since the influence of acid is reduced. In this way, by neutralizing the whey solution containing acid and then treating the lactose in the whey solution with an enzyme, it is possible to effectively utilize the whey solution having a strong acidity.

実施例において、高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用いて、本発明の製造方法で調製したホエイ調製物を分析した結果のクロマトグラムである。In an Example, it is a chromatogram of the result of having analyzed the whey preparation prepared with the manufacturing method of this invention using the high performance liquid chromatography. 実施例において、高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用いて、ガラクトオリゴ糖の標準品を分析した結果のクロマトグラムである。In an Example, it is the chromatogram of the result of having analyzed the standard product of galactooligosaccharide using the high performance liquid chromatography.

本発明の製造方法では、まず、酸を含むホエイ液を中和処理する。このとき、ホエイ液に含有される酸は、例えば、乳酸、グルコン酸、クエン酸等であり、pHは5.5以下である。したがって、このようなホエイ液は、酸味を有している。また、ある種のチーズの製造時に副産物として多量に排出されることがある。本発明においては、酸を含むホエイ液のpHは、5.0以下であることが好ましい。   In the production method of the present invention, first, a whey solution containing an acid is neutralized. At this time, the acid contained in the whey solution is, for example, lactic acid, gluconic acid, citric acid or the like, and the pH is 5.5 or less. Therefore, such a whey liquid has a sour taste. Moreover, it may be discharged in large quantities as a by-product during the manufacture of certain types of cheese. In the present invention, the pH of the whey solution containing an acid is preferably 5.0 or less.

中和処理は、酸を含むホエイ液に、アルカリを添加することで実施する。アルカリは、例えば水酸化ナトリウム等を用いて良い。水酸化ナトリウムを用いる場合は、取り扱い性の良さの観点から、例えば25(w/v)%程度の水溶液にして、添加しても良い。本発明における中和処理は、pHが6.0以上7.0以下の範囲になるようにアルカリを添加し、好ましくはpHが6.4以上6.8以下の範囲になるようにアルカリを添加する。本発明の製造方法では、中和処理の後に、必要に応じて、沈殿物を除去するための遠心分離処理や、作業の効率化のための蒸発濃縮処理を実施しても良いし、中和処理の前に、必要に応じて、沈殿物を除去するための遠心分離処理や、作業の効率化のための蒸発濃縮処理を実施しても良い。   The neutralization treatment is performed by adding an alkali to the whey solution containing acid. As the alkali, for example, sodium hydroxide may be used. When sodium hydroxide is used, it may be added in the form of, for example, an aqueous solution of about 25 (w / v)% from the viewpoint of easy handling. In the neutralization treatment in the present invention, an alkali is added so that the pH is in the range of 6.0 to 7.0, and preferably the alkali is added so that the pH is in the range of 6.4 to 6.8. To do. In the production method of the present invention, after the neutralization treatment, if necessary, a centrifugal separation treatment for removing precipitates or an evaporation concentration treatment for improving work efficiency may be carried out. Before the treatment, if necessary, a centrifugal separation treatment for removing precipitates or an evaporation concentration treatment for improving work efficiency may be performed.

本発明の製造方法では、中和処理の後、酵素処理を実施する。このとき、酵素としてラクターゼを用いることが望ましい。ラクターゼは、例えば、市販されているものを特段精製することなく、そのまま使用できる。酵素の使用量は、例えばラクターゼを用いる場合、ホエイ液100mLに対し、0.5mg以上20mg以下の範囲の量であり、好ましくは1.0mg以上10mg以下の範囲の量である。酵素処理は、用いる酵素の最適温度にて実施する。処理時間は任意に設定できるが、例えば1時間以上10時間以下である。   In the production method of the present invention, the enzyme treatment is performed after the neutralization treatment. At this time, it is desirable to use lactase as the enzyme. For example, a lactase can be used as it is without purifying a commercially available product. For example, when lactase is used, the enzyme is used in an amount ranging from 0.5 mg to 20 mg, preferably from 1.0 mg to 10 mg, per 100 mL of whey solution. Enzyme treatment is carried out at the optimum temperature of the enzyme used. Although processing time can be set arbitrarily, it is 1 hour or more and 10 hours or less, for example.

以上により、酸の影響が低減されたホエイ調製物が得られる。得られるホエイ調製物は酸味がなく、風味が向上しており、安全で栄養価に優れた食品素材である。本発明で得られるホエイ調製物は、そのままで食品素材として使用できるが、必要に応じて、これをペースト状に濃縮、あるいは乾燥してもよい。本発明で得られるホエイ調製物は、例えば、減圧濃縮、凍結濃縮、凍結乾燥等の一般的な方法により乾燥した後、粉砕して乾燥粉末として使用することができる。特に、本発明の製造方法で得られるホエイ調製物は、酸の影響が低減されているので、従来は困難であった酸ホエイの噴霧乾燥処理が可能となる。また、本発明で得られるホエイ調製物は、食品素材として他の食品に配合して使用できるほか、食品素材としてそのまま市販したり、使用したりすることができるし、それ自体で又は常用される他の成分を配合して使用することもできる。   As a result, a whey preparation with reduced acid effects is obtained. The resulting whey preparation has no sourness, improved flavor, and is a safe and nutritious food material. The whey preparation obtained in the present invention can be used as a food material as it is, but it may be concentrated in a paste or dried as necessary. The whey preparation obtained in the present invention can be used as a dry powder after being dried by a general method such as vacuum concentration, freeze concentration, freeze drying and the like. In particular, the whey preparation obtained by the production method of the present invention is reduced in the influence of acid, so that it is possible to perform spray drying of acid whey, which has been difficult in the past. In addition, the whey preparation obtained in the present invention can be used as a food material by blending it with other foods, and can be marketed or used as a food material as it is, or can be used by itself or regularly. Other components can be blended and used.

以下、実施例に基づいて、本発明をより具体的に説明する。なお、この実施例は、本発明を限定するものではない。   Hereinafter, based on an Example, this invention is demonstrated more concretely. In addition, this Example does not limit this invention.

クリームチーズ製造時の濃縮工程で排出された、酸を含むホエイ液(pH4.6)を2L用意し、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(濃度25(w/v)%)を20mL程度添加し、pHを6.6に調整して中和処理を実施した。次に、遠心分離処理(4000×g、5℃、3分間)し、沈殿物を除去した。次に、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて蒸発濃縮(20torr、45℃)させ、Brix値が32%になるまで濃縮した。   Prepare 2 liters of acid-containing whey solution (pH 4.6) discharged in the concentration process during cream cheese manufacture, add about 20 mL of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (concentration 25 (w / v)%), and adjust the pH to 6 The neutralization treatment was carried out after adjusting to .6. Next, centrifugation (4000 × g, 5 ° C., 3 minutes) was performed to remove precipitates. Next, it was concentrated by evaporation using a rotary evaporator (20 torr, 45 ° C.) until the Brix value was 32%.

濃縮したホエイ液を100mLとり、そこに酵素粉末(「スミラクトL」、新日本化学社製)5mgを添加し、45℃で5時間保持し、酵素処理を実施した。酵素処理後の溶液、及びガラクトオリゴ糖標準品(和光純薬工業社製、純度53.4%)の溶液(5(w/w)%)について、IR検出器を備えた高速液体クロマトグラフを用い、ガラクトオリゴ糖の定量分析を実施した。具体的な分析条件を、表1に示した。また、酵素処理後の溶液の分析結果(クロマトグラム)を図1に、ガラクトオリゴ糖標準品の分析結果を図2に示した。ガラクトオリゴ糖のピークは、9.7〜9.8分付近に確認された。結果より、酵素処理後の溶液中にガラクトオリゴ糖が生成していることが確認され、その濃度は約60g/Lであると確認された(標準品の分析結果と比較することで算出した)。   100 mL of the concentrated whey solution was taken, 5 mg of enzyme powder (“Sumilac L”, manufactured by Shin Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added thereto, and the mixture was held at 45 ° C. for 5 hours to carry out the enzyme treatment. Using a high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with an IR detector, the galactooligosaccharide solution (5 (w / w)%) of the enzyme-treated solution and the galactooligosaccharide standard product (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., purity 53.4%) A quantitative analysis of sugar was performed. Specific analysis conditions are shown in Table 1. Moreover, the analysis result (chromatogram) of the solution after enzyme treatment is shown in FIG. 1, and the analysis result of the galactooligosaccharide standard product is shown in FIG. The peak of galactooligosaccharide was confirmed around 9.7 to 9.8 minutes. From the result, it was confirmed that galactooligosaccharide was produced in the solution after the enzyme treatment, and the concentration was confirmed to be about 60 g / L (calculated by comparing with the analysis result of the standard product).

本発明によれば、ガラクトオリゴ糖やミネラル等が混在した、栄養価の高いホエイ調製物が得られる。また、本発明は、チーズ製造時に多量に排出されるホエイ液を有効活用できるものであり、産業上、非常に有用である。   According to the present invention, a highly nutritious whey preparation in which galactooligosaccharides, minerals and the like are mixed is obtained. Moreover, this invention can utilize effectively the whey liquid discharged | emitted in large quantities at the time of cheese manufacture, and is very useful industrially.

Claims (5)

ホエイ液に、アルカリを加えて中和処理し、その後に、酵素処理を実施して、酸味が低減されたホエイ調製物を得ることを特徴とする、ホエイ調製物の製造方法。   A method for producing a whey preparation, characterized in that an alkali is added to a whey solution for neutralization, followed by enzyme treatment to obtain a whey preparation with reduced acidity. ホエイ液のpHが5.5以下である、請求項1記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。   The method for producing a whey preparation according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the whey solution is 5.5 or less. 前記酵素処理が、ラクターゼを用いた処理であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。   The method for producing a whey preparation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the enzyme treatment is a treatment using lactase. 前記ホエイ液が、チーズの製造時の副産物であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。   The method for producing a whey preparation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the whey solution is a by-product during the production of cheese. 前記ホエイ調製物を噴霧乾燥し、粉末素材を得る工程をさらに備える、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のホエイ調製物の製造方法。
The manufacturing method of the whey preparation of any one of Claims 1-4 further equipped with the process of spray-drying the said whey preparation and obtaining a powder raw material.
JP2017000186A 2017-01-04 2017-01-04 Method for producing whey preparation Pending JP2018108051A (en)

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