JP2018091674A - Device and system for measuring flying speed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure a speed of a flying object with a compact and simple configuration.SOLUTION: An exciting coil 1 is configured with: one end connected to an end portion of an acceleration rail 31 of an electromagnetic injection device 30, the other end connected to an end portion of an acceleration rail 32, and the central axis in accordance with the flying direction of the projected flying object 41. Detection coils 2A and 2B, having the central axis in accordance with the flying direction of the flying object 41, are disposed in the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 1. A speed calculation device 3 calculates the speed of the flying object 41 on the basis of the induction current generated when the flying object 41 passes through the detection coils 2A and 2B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a flying speed measuring device and a flying speed measuring system.

  Various methods for measuring the velocity of an object are known. In particular, the bullets ejected from the cannon have a high ejection speed, and in order to evaluate the performance of the artillery and the shell, the speed of the shell immediately after being ejected from the muzzle, that is, the muzzle speed is widely measured.

  For example, a method for measuring the muzzle velocity by providing two ring coils on the trajectory in the vicinity of the muzzle and measuring the time required for the cannonball to pass between the two ring coils is proposed as a cannonball measuring device. (Patent Document 1). In this method, a magnetic field in a direction along the trajectory is generated by supplying currents of two coils. Then, when the shell passes through the magnetic field, the magnetic field changes due to electromagnetic induction. Thereby, since the amount of current flowing through the coil changes, it is possible to detect the passage of the shell through the coil.

JP-A-8-271541

  However, the measuring apparatus described above has the following problems. As described above, since current must be supplied to the two ring coils, a DC power supply must be provided outside. In addition, it is necessary to connect a DC power supply and two ring coils with a cable, and a large current must be continuously supplied while measuring the muzzle velocity of the shell. Cable must be used. These lead to an increase in the size of the muzzle velocity measuring system.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to measure the speed of a flying object with a small and simple configuration.

  The flight speed measurement device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a first acceleration rail, a second acceleration rail, one end connected to the end of the first acceleration rail, and the other end of the second acceleration rail. An impedance element connected to an end of the rail, and between the first and second acceleration rails for accelerating a flying object disposed between the first and second acceleration rails Electromagnetically injecting the flying object from the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails by electromagnetic force generated by passing a current through the armature arranged in the armature and the first and second acceleration rails A flying speed measuring device for measuring a speed of the flying object ejected from an ejecting device, wherein one end is connected to the end of the first acceleration rail and the other end is the end of the second acceleration rail. The flight direction of the projectile that is connected and connected to the center is the central axis. An excitation coil, one or more detection coils arranged in a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil with the flying direction of the flying body as a central axis, and induction generated when the flying body passes through the one or more detection coils A speed calculation device that calculates the speed of the flying object based on an electric current. Thus, after the flying object is injected from the electromagnetic emission device, a current is automatically supplied to the exciting coil to generate a magnetic field, and the flying object passes through the magnetic field and an induced current is generated in the detection coil. Can be measured.

  A flight speed measurement device according to an aspect of the present invention is the above flight speed measurement device, wherein a plurality of the detection coils are arranged in a flight direction of the flying object, and two of the detection coils are detected. The speed of the flying object is calculated based on the distance between the coils and the time difference between the timings at which induced currents are generated in the two detection coils. Thus, the speed of the flying object can be calculated from the time difference during which the flying object passes through the two coils.

  A flying speed measuring device according to an aspect of the present invention is the above flying speed measuring device, wherein the two detection coils are two adjacent detection coils among the plurality of detection coils. Thus, the speed of the flying object can be calculated from the time difference during which the flying object passes through the two coils.

  A flying speed measuring device according to an aspect of the present invention is the above flying speed measuring device, wherein one of the one or more detection coils and the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails. And the time difference between the timing at which the current flowing through the first and second acceleration rails decreases due to the flying object being ejected and the timing at which the induced current is generated in the one detection coil. Based on this, the speed of the flying object is calculated. Thereby, the speed of the flying object can be calculated from the time difference between the flying object passing through the muzzle and the coil.

  The flying speed measuring device which is one aspect of the present invention is the above flying speed measuring device, wherein the impedance of the impedance element is larger than the impedance of the armature. Thereby, an electric current can be efficiently sent through an armature.

  A flying speed measuring device according to an aspect of the present invention is the above flying speed measuring device, wherein the excitation coil is configured to be detachable from the first and second acceleration rails. Thereby, the flying speed measuring device can be transported and can be attached to various electromagnetic emission devices.

  A flying speed measurement system according to one aspect of the present invention includes an electromagnetic injection device that emits a flying object by electromagnetic force, and a flying speed measurement device that measures the speed of the flying object emitted from the electromagnetic injection device. The electromagnetic injection device has a first acceleration rail, a second acceleration rail, one end connected to the end of the first acceleration rail, and the other end connected to the end of the second acceleration rail. The flight speed measuring device having one end connected to the end of the first acceleration rail and the other end connected to the end of the second acceleration rail. An excitation coil having a flying direction of the flying object as a central axis, one or more detection coils arranged in a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil with the flying direction of the flying object as a central axis, and the flying object Through the one or more detection coils. A velocity calculating device that calculates the velocity of the flying object based on an induced current generated when the flying object is disposed, and the electromagnetic emission device includes a flying object disposed between the first and second acceleration rails. In order to accelerate, the flying object is moved by the electromagnetic force generated by passing an electric current through the armature disposed between the first and second acceleration rails and the first and second acceleration rails. Injection from the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails. Thus, after the flying object is injected from the electromagnetic emission device, a current is automatically supplied to the exciting coil to generate a magnetic field, and the flying object passes through the magnetic field and an induced current is generated in the detection coil. Can be measured.

  A flight speed measurement system according to an aspect of the present invention is the above-described flight speed measurement system, wherein a plurality of the detection coils are arranged in a flight direction of the flying object, and two of the plurality of detection coils are detected. The speed of the flying object is calculated based on the distance between the coils and the time difference between the timings at which induced currents are generated in the two detection coils. Thus, the speed of the flying object can be calculated from the time difference during which the flying object passes through the two coils.

  A flight speed measurement system which is an aspect of the present invention is the above flight speed measurement system, wherein the two detection coils are two adjacent detection coils among the plurality of detection coils. Thus, the speed of the flying object can be calculated from the time difference during which the flying object passes through the two coils.

  A flight speed measurement system according to an aspect of the present invention is the above-described flight speed measurement system, wherein one detection coil of the one or more detection coils and the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails. And the time difference between the timing at which the current flowing through the first and second acceleration rails decreases due to the flying object being ejected and the timing at which the induced current is generated in the one detection coil. Based on this, the speed of the flying object is calculated. Thereby, the speed of the flying object can be calculated from the time difference between the flying object passing through the muzzle and the coil.

  The flight speed measurement system which is one aspect of the present invention is the above flight speed measurement system, wherein the impedance of the impedance element is larger than the impedance of the armature. Thereby, an electric current can be efficiently sent through an armature.

  According to the present invention, the speed of the flying object can be measured with a small and simple configuration.

It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the flight speed measuring system concerning Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the flow of the electric current after a flying body is inject | emitted from the muzzle of the electromagnetic injection apparatus. It is a figure which shows the time change of the electric current which flows into an exciting coil, and a muzzle voltage. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the flight speed measuring system concerning Embodiment 2. FIG.

    Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted as necessary.

Embodiment 1
An apparatus for measuring the flying speed of the flying object according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 schematically shows the configuration of a flight speed measurement system 100 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, the positive direction of the X axis parallel to the horizontal direction of the paper (the right direction of the paper) is defined as the flying direction of the flying object. In the flying speed measuring system 100 according to the first embodiment, the flying speed measuring apparatus 10 is configured to measure the flying speed of the flying object 41 ejected from the electromagnetic ejecting apparatus 30.

  First, a schematic configuration of the electromagnetic injection device 30 will be described. The electromagnetic injection device 30 is a device also called a so-called rail gun, and supplies a direct current to the armature 42 at the rear of the flying body 41 held between the acceleration rails, thereby flying the flying body by electromagnetic force (Lorentz force). 41 is configured to inject.

  The electromagnetic injection device 30 includes an acceleration rail 31 (also referred to as a first acceleration rail), an acceleration rail 32 (also referred to as a second acceleration rail), and an impedance element 33. The acceleration rail 31 is connected to a positive electrode of a DC power supply (not shown), for example, and the acceleration rail 32 is connected to a negative electrode of a DC power supply (not shown), for example. The flying body 41 is held between the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 so as to come into contact with the acceleration rails 31 and 32. Then, by passing a current of about 100 [kA] to 200 [kA] through the acceleration rail 31, the armature 42, and the acceleration rail 32, the flying object is accelerated toward the muzzle 34 by the Lorentz force, and the muzzle 34. At this time, typically, the speed of the flying object 41 is accelerated so as to be about 1000 [m / sec] in 1 [msec] from the start of acceleration.

  In this configuration, the flying object 41 and the armature 42 are physically separated, and the armature 42 is separated from the flying object 41 after the flying object 41 is ejected from the muzzle 34. However, the flying body 41 and the armature 42 are integrally configured, and it does not exclude that the flying body 41 and the armature 42 fly without being separated even after being ejected from the muzzle 34. .

  An impedance element 33 is inserted between the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 in the muzzle 34. After the flying object 41 is ejected from the muzzle 34, if the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 are electrically insulated, the current flowing through the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 decreases rapidly. The voltage between the accelerating rails 32 increases rapidly. As a result, arc discharge occurs between the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32, and the acceleration rails 31 and 32 near the muzzle 34 may be damaged. Therefore, in the electromagnetic injection device 30, after the flying object 41 is injected from the muzzle 34, an electric current is passed through the impedance element 33 to prevent arc discharge. In order to efficiently accelerate the flying object 41, the impedance of the armature 42 is preferably smaller than the impedance of the impedance element 33.

  The flying speed measuring device 10 includes an exciting coil 1, detection coils 2 </ b> A and 2 </ b> B, and a speed calculating device 3. The exciting coil 1 is a coil having the X direction which is the flying direction of the flying object 41 as a central axis and the X direction as a longitudinal direction. One end of the winding constituting the exciting coil is connected to the acceleration rail 31 of the muzzle 34, and the other end is connected to the acceleration rail 32. The detection coils 2A and 2B are coils having a central axis in the X direction, which is the flying direction of the flying object 41, and are electrically floating. The detection coils 2A and 2B are arranged coaxially with the excitation coil 1. In FIG. 1, the detection coils 2A and 2B are surrounded by the excitation coil 1, the detection coil 2A is disposed near the muzzle 34, and the detection coil 2B is disposed at a position farther from the muzzle 34 than the detection coil 2A. The

  Next, the operation of the flying speed measuring device 10 will be described. When the flying object 41 is accelerated in the X direction between the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32, the impedance of the armature 42 is smaller than that of the impedance element 33 and the exciting coil 1. Ir) flows mainly through the armature 42.

  After that, in the electromagnetic injection device 30, when the flying object 41 is injected from the muzzle 34, the voltage between the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 rises rapidly, and current flows between the impedance element 33 and the excitation coil 1. It will flow. As a result, a magnetic field is generated along the X direction that is the central axis of the exciting coil 1. FIG. 2 shows the flow of current after the flying object 41 is ejected from the muzzle 34 of the electromagnetic ejection device 30. In FIG. 2, the exciting coil 1 is represented as a solenoid coil, and the armature 42 is not shown.

  At the same time as the flying object 41 is ejected from the muzzle 34, a current Iz flows through the impedance element 33. Further, the current Is flows through the exciting coil 1, and the magnetic field B is generated in the flight path of the flying object 41. Thereby, the flying object 41 will fly the magnetic field B, changing the intensity | strength (magnetic flux density) of the magnetic field B. FIG. Since the detection coil 2A and the detection coil 2B are arranged in the magnetic field B generated by the excitation coil 1, an induction current due to electromagnetic induction is generated in the detection coil 2A and the detection coil 2B when the flying object 41 passes through. . This induced current is detected by the speed calculation device 3.

  The speed calculation device 3 calculates the distance L in the X direction between the detection coil 2A and the detection coil 2B by a time difference ΔT between the timing when the induction current is generated in the detection coil 2A and the timing when the induction current is generated in the detection coil 2B. By dividing, the velocity (muzzle velocity) Vp of the flying object 41 immediately after being ejected from the muzzle 34 can be calculated (Vp = L / ΔT).

  The speed calculation device 3 and the detection coils 2A and 2B are connected by wiring, but the induced current flowing through the detection coils 2A and 2B is a relatively small current, and unlike Patent Document 1, a current is supplied to the detection coil. Since there is no need to flow, general electrical wiring can be used. That is, it is sufficient to connect the detection coils 2A and 2B and the speed calculation device 3 with shielded relatively thin wires. Since relatively thin wiring can be used, the wiring can be shielded reliably and easily, and there is no need to prepare special wiring. Therefore, the flying speed measuring device 10 can be reduced in size and cost. Is advantageous.

  On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to continuously pass a current through the ring coil, the ring coil and the power source must be connected using a relatively thick cable. For this reason, in the structure of patent document 1, since force is added to a cable with a magnetic field, a device is required for arrangement of a cable. As a result, the cable arrangement may be limited. However, in this configuration, for example, a normal twisted pair wire can be used, so that it is possible to reduce the influence of the magnetic field generated by the exciting coil 1 and the electromagnetic emission device 30 on the wiring, and to secure the degree of freedom of the wiring arrangement. is there.

  FIG. 3 shows temporal changes of the current Is flowing through the exciting coil 1 and the muzzle voltage Vm. Here, the muzzle voltage refers to the voltage between the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 in the muzzle 34. As shown in FIG. 3, when the flying object 41 and the armature 42 are ejected from the muzzle 34, the current cannot flow through the armature 42 having a small impedance, so that the impedance rapidly increases. The mouth voltage Vm rises abruptly to produce a spike Sp.

  After the spike Sp is detected, the impedance of the circuit increases and the current attenuation increases, but it takes some time for the current to attenuate to zero. At this time, a peak occurs in the current Is flowing through the exciting coil 1 after the timing when the spike Sp occurs. Since the flying speed of the flying object 41 is supersonic, the time Tc required to pass through the exciting coil 1 is sufficiently shorter than the time during which the current decays. As a result, since the flying object 41 passes the magnetic field while the exciting coil 1 generates the magnetic field, it is possible to reliably generate an induced current in the detection coils 2A and 2B.

  As described above, in this configuration, it is not necessary to perform special current control for flowing current through the exciting coil 1, and the acceleration rail 31 and the acceleration rail 32 of the muzzle 34 in the normal operation state of the electromagnetic injection device 30. It can be understood that the speed of the flying object 41 can be measured simply by attaching the flying speed measuring device 10 to the vehicle.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the timing at which the flying object 41 is ejected from the muzzle 34 can be detected by detecting the spike Sp of the muzzle voltage Vm. Therefore, for example, if the timing at which the spike Sp is generated can be detected by the velocity calculation device 3, the time difference between the timing at which the spike Sp is generated and the timing at which the flying object 41 passes through the detection coil 2A (or the detection coil 2B) It is also possible to measure the velocity of the flying object 41 by dividing the distance between 34 and the detection coil 2A (or the detection coil 2B). At this time, the timing at which the spike Sp is generated is the timing at which the rear end of the armature 42 is detached from the muzzle 34, so that detection is not equivalent to detection of timing at which the armature 42 passes through the detection coil. However, by correcting the timing at which the spike Sp occurs using the dimensions of the flying object and the dimensions of the armature, the same speed measurement as when the speed of the flying object 41 is measured using two detection coils may be performed. Is possible.

  As described above, according to this configuration, the current can be supplied to the exciting coil 1 by using the current supplied to the electromagnetic injection device 30. Since the timing when the current flows through the exciting coil 1 is synchronized with the timing when the flying object 41 is ejected from the muzzle 34, the flying speed measuring device 10 is reliably operated at the time when the speed of the flying object 41 should be measured. Can be made.

  Further, according to this configuration, it is not necessary to install a dedicated power source for supplying current to the exciting coil 1, and a cable between the dedicated power source and the detection coils 2A and 2B is not necessary. Therefore, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of miniaturization of the flying speed measuring device 10. In particular, the flight speed measuring device 10 can be configured to be detachable and transportable. For example, the position can be easily moved by transporting and installing it under an electromagnetic injection device fixed at a specific position. It is possible to measure the speed of a flying object ejected from an electromagnetic ejector that cannot move.

Embodiment 2
A flight speed measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 schematically shows the configuration of the flight speed measurement system 200 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 4, as in FIGS. 1 and 2, the positive direction of the X axis parallel to the horizontal direction of the paper (the right direction of the paper) is set as the flying direction of the flying object. In the flying speed measuring system 200 according to the second embodiment, the flying speed measuring device 20 is configured to measure the flying speed of the flying object 41 ejected from the electromagnetic ejecting device 30.

  The flying speed measuring device 20 has a configuration in which the number of detection coils in the flying speed measuring device 10 according to the first embodiment is three or more. In FIG. 4, the detection coils provided in the flight speed measuring device 20 are indicated as 2A, 2B, 2C,. As shown in FIG. 4, the detection coils 2A, 2B, 2C,..., 2x are arranged in order from the side close to the muzzle 34 toward the direction away from the muzzle 34 (the X direction in FIG. 4). Yes.

  About the structure of the electromagnetic injection apparatus 30, since it is the same as that of Embodiment 1, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  According to this configuration, since the flying bodies 41 pass through the detection coils provided with three or more in order, the speed of the flying bodies 41 can be continuously measured. For example, the velocity Vp1 of the flying object 41 between the detection coils 2A and 2B adjacent to each other is measured, and then the velocity Vp2 of the flying object 41 between the detection coils 2B and 2C adjacent to each other is measured. Thereafter, it can be understood that the speed of the flying object 41 can be continuously measured by changing the speed measurement section in the same manner.

  Needless to say, the speed measurement of the flying object 41 is not limited to the speed between adjacent detection coils, and the speed between any two detection coils of three or more detection coils may be measured. Yes.

Other Embodiments The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the speed of the flying object is measured using two detection coils, the timing at which a muzzle voltage spike occurs and the timing at which the flying object passes through one detection coil are detected. The speed measurement was explained. That is, in this configuration, it will be understood that the velocity of the flying object can be calculated by detecting the induced current generated in at least one detection coil.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example of measuring the velocity of the flying object at the muzzle of the electromagnetic injection device 30 has been described. However, if the flying velocity measuring device 10 is provided in the flying path of the flying object, an arbitrary position on the path It goes without saying that the speed of the flying object at can be measured.

  Further, the flight speed measuring device may be used not only for performance evaluation and testing of the electromagnetic injection device but also attached to the electromagnetic emission device in actual operation. For example, when a plurality of projectiles are ejected continuously from an electromagnetic ejector, there is a method of changing the elevation angle and speed at the time of ejection of each projectile and landing on the target at the same time. By measuring the speed of the flying object with a speed measuring device with high accuracy, it is possible to increase the accuracy of landing timing synchronization.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excitation coil 2A, 2B-2x Detection coil 3 Speed calculation apparatus 10, 20 Flying speed measuring apparatus 30 Electromagnetic emission apparatus 31, 32 Acceleration rail 33 Impedance element 34 Muzzle 41 Flying object 42 Armature 100, 200 Flying speed measurement system

Claims (11)

A first acceleration rail; a second acceleration rail; an impedance element having one end connected to the end of the first acceleration rail and the other end connected to the end of the second acceleration rail; And an armature disposed between the first and second acceleration rails and the first and second for accelerating the flying object disposed between the first and second acceleration rails. The velocity of the flying object injected from the electromagnetic injection device for injecting the flying object from the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails is measured by electromagnetic force generated by passing a current through the acceleration rail. A flying speed measuring device,
One end is connected to the end of the first acceleration rail, the other end is connected to the end of the second acceleration rail, and the exciting coil has a flight direction of the ejected flying object as a central axis. ,
One or more detection coils arranged in a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil, with the flying direction of the flying object as a central axis;
A speed calculation device that calculates the speed of the flying object based on an induced current generated when the flying object passes through the one or more detection coils.
Flight speed measuring device. A plurality of the detection coils are arranged in the flight direction of the flying object,
Calculating the speed of the flying object based on a distance between two detection coils of the plurality of detection coils and a time difference between timings at which induced currents are generated in the two detection coils;
The flight speed measuring device according to claim 1. The two detection coils are adjacent two detection coils among the plurality of detection coils.
The flying speed measuring device according to claim 2. The distance between one detection coil of the one or more detection coils and the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails, and the flying object is ejected, whereby the first and second Calculating the speed of the flying object based on the time difference between the timing at which the current flowing in the acceleration rail decreases and the timing at which the induced current is generated in the one detection coil;
The flight speed measuring device according to claim 1. The impedance of the impedance element is larger than the impedance of the armature,
The flying speed measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The exciting coil is configured to be detachable from the first and second acceleration rails.
The flying speed measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. An electromagnetic injection device for injecting a flying object by electromagnetic force;
A flying speed measuring device that measures the speed of the flying object ejected from the electromagnetic ejection device,
The electromagnetic injection device is
A first acceleration rail;
A second acceleration rail;
An impedance element having one end connected to the end of the first acceleration rail and the other end connected to the end of the second acceleration rail;
The flying speed measuring device is
One end is connected to the end of the first acceleration rail, the other end is connected to the end of the second acceleration rail, and the exciting coil has a flight direction of the ejected flying object as a central axis. ,
One or more detection coils arranged in a magnetic field generated by the excitation coil, with the flying direction of the flying object as a central axis;
A speed calculation device that calculates the speed of the flying object based on an induced current generated when the flying object passes through the one or more detection coils,
The electromagnetic injection device is
An armature disposed between the first and second acceleration rails and the first and second acceleration rails for accelerating the flying object disposed between the first and second acceleration rails. The flying body is ejected from the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails by electromagnetic force generated by passing a current through
Flight speed measurement system. A plurality of the detection coils are arranged in the flight direction of the flying object,
Calculating the speed of the flying object based on a distance between two detection coils of the plurality of detection coils and a time difference between timings at which induced currents are generated in the two detection coils;
The flight speed measurement system according to claim 7. The two detection coils are adjacent two detection coils among the plurality of detection coils.
The flight speed measurement system according to claim 8. The distance between one detection coil of the one or more detection coils and the end portions of the first and second acceleration rails, and the flying object is ejected, whereby the first and second Calculating the speed of the flying object based on the time difference between the timing at which the current flowing in the acceleration rail decreases and the timing at which the induced current is generated in the one detection coil;
The flight speed measurement system according to claim 7. The impedance of the impedance element is larger than the impedance of the armature,
The flight speed measurement system according to any one of claims 7 to 10.

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