JP2018091344A - Damper for railway vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve maintainability by easily replacing a damping valve in a damper for a railway vehicle.SOLUTION: A piston 8 connected with a piston rod 9, is inserted into a cylinder 2 in which an oil liquid is sealed, and damping force is generated by controlling flow of the oil liquid generated by movement of the piston 8, by extension-side and compression-side damping valves 17, 18 with respect to stroke of the piston rod 9. A cartridge structure is formed by integrating the extension-side and compression-side damping valves 17, 18, and detachably mounted in a valve bore of a valve block 16 mounted on a side portion of the cylinder 2. By applying the cartridge structure of the extension-side and compression-side damping valves 17, 18, separation and dispersion of components in attaching/detaching is prevented, and maintainability is improved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a railway vehicle damper mounted on a suspension device of a vehicle such as a railway vehicle.

  In railway vehicles, dampers such as suspension springs and hydraulic shock absorbers are mounted between the wheel shaft and the carriage, and between the carriage and the vehicle body so as to control the vertical and lateral vibrations of the vehicle body. In addition, various types of detecting the vehicle state during running, such as a damping force variable damper that can adjust the damping force, a speed sensor that detects vertical and lateral accelerations of the vehicle body, a wheel shaft, a carriage, and a displacement sensor that detects displacement of the vehicle body 2. Description of the Related Art There is known a vibration damping device that is provided with sensors and that effectively suppresses vibration by controlling the damping force of a damping force variable damper by a controller based on detection of these sensors.

  In a railway vehicle damper, as a damping valve for generating a damping force, generally, a poppet valve having high resistance to contamination and excellent durability and reliability is used. Further, as described in, for example, Patent Document 1, there is a type that employs a disc valve as used in a hydraulic shock absorber for an automobile as a damping valve. The disk valve is lightweight and excellent in responsiveness, easy to set the damping force characteristic, easily available, and excellent in productivity.

International Publication No. 2013/015358 Pamphlet

  Railway vehicle dampers are required to have high reliability and durability, and require regular inspection and maintenance. For this reason, it is desired that the railcar damper is excellent in maintainability and that the damping valve can be easily replaced as necessary.

  However, when a disc valve is employed, as described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the damping valve is formed with a disc-like valve body (disc) or a working fluid flow path and a disc. Since a large number of valve bodies and the like to be held are stacked and assembled, when removing the damping valve, these parts are separated and separated, so that workability is poor and reassembly becomes complicated.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a railway vehicle damper that can easily replace a damping valve and has excellent maintainability.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a cylinder in which a working fluid is sealed, a piston slidably inserted in the cylinder, and connected to the piston and extended to the outside of the cylinder. In a railway vehicle damper comprising a piston rod and a damping valve that generates a damping force by controlling a flow of a working fluid generated by sliding of the piston in the cylinder,
A valve block disposed outside the cylinder and having a valve bore into which the damping valve is inserted and a working fluid passage connected to the valve bore;
The damping valve has an integrated cartridge structure and is detachable from the valve bore.

  According to the railway vehicle damper according to the present invention, the damping valve can be easily replaced, and the maintainability can be improved.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a railcar damper according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the railway vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the 1st modification of the railway vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the 2nd modification of the rail vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the 3rd modification of the rail vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the 4th modification of the rail vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the 5th modification of the rail vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the damping valve attachment part of the 6th modification of the rail vehicle damper of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows the attachment part of the damping valve of the 7th modification of the rail vehicle damper of FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
A damping force variable damper 1 according to the present embodiment is mounted between a vehicle body and a bogie of a railway vehicle or between a bogie and a wheel shaft, and provides a damping force with respect to a relative displacement (stroke) between them. It works. As shown in FIG. 1, in the damping force variable damper 1, a cylindrical outer cylinder 3 is disposed concentrically on the outer periphery of a cylinder 2, and an annular reservoir 4 is formed therebetween. A base valve 5 is attached to one end of the cylinder 2, and an end plate 6 that is a closing member for closing the base tube 5 is attached to one end of the outer cylinder 3, and the base valve 5 is fitted to the end plate 6. In combination, one end of the cylinder 2 is fixed to the outer cylinder 3. A rod guide 7 is attached to the other end of the cylinder 2 as a closing member for closing it, and this rod guide 7 is coupled to the other end of the outer cylinder 3 so that the other end of the cylinder 2 is an outer cylinder. 3 is fixed.

  A piston 8 is slidably inserted into the cylinder 2, and one end of a piston rod 9 is connected to the piston 8. The piston rod 9 penetrates the rod guide 7 in a slidable and liquid-tight manner and extends to the outside of the cylinder 2. The inside of the cylinder 2 is partitioned by the piston 8 into two chambers: a cylinder chamber 2A on the piston rod 9 side and a cylinder chamber 2B on the base valve 5 side. An oil liquid is sealed in the cylinder 2 as a working fluid, and an oil liquid and a gas are sealed in the reservoir 4. The piston 8 is provided with a check valve 10 that allows only fluid to flow from the cylinder chamber 2B side to the cylinder chamber 2A side. The base valve 5 is provided with a check valve 11 that allows only fluid flow from the reservoir 4 side to the cylinder chamber 2B side.

  In the reservoir 4, a cylindrical passage member 12 is fitted on the outer periphery of the cylinder 2. Two annular recesses 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B are formed on the inner peripheral portion of the passage member 12. These annular recesses 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B are connected to the cylinder chambers 2 </ b> A and 2 </ b> B by oil passages 13 and 14 that penetrate the side walls near both ends of the cylinder 2, respectively. A damping force generating mechanism 15 is attached to the side wall of the outer cylinder 3. The damping force generation mechanism 15 has a structure in which an expansion side damping valve 17 and a contraction side damping valve 18 are attached to a valve block 16 attached to the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 as a damping valve.

  The extension side damping valve 17 has an annular recess on the upstream (inlet) side via a passage 20 (see FIG. 2) formed in the valve block 16 and a pipe 19A penetrating the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 and the passage member 12. 12A, and the downstream (outlet) side is an annular recess through a passage 21 (see FIG. 2) formed in the valve block 16 and a pipe 19B penetrating the side wall of the outer cylinder 3 and the passage member 12. 12B. The compression side damping valve 18 is connected to the annular recess 12B on the upstream (inlet) side via a passage 21 (see FIG. 2) formed in the valve block 16 common to the expansion side damping valve 17 and a pipe line 19B. The downstream (exit) side is connected to the reservoir 4 via a passage (not shown) formed in the valve block 16 and a passage 22 that penetrates the side wall of the outer cylinder 3.

  Next, the expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. Since the expansion side damping valve 17 and the compression side attenuation valve 18 have the same structure, only the expansion side attenuation valve 17 will be described with reference to FIG. 2, and a detailed description of the compression side attenuation valve 18 will be omitted. .

  As shown in FIG. 2, the extension-side damping valve 17 accommodates the valve 51 in a substantially bottomed cylindrical case 23. The valve 51 is a pilot-type (back-pressure type) main valve 24, a pilot valve 25 that is a solenoid-driven pressure control valve that controls the opening pressure of the main valve 24, and a fail valve provided on the downstream side of the pilot valve 25. It consists of a fail valve 26 that sometimes operates, and has a cartridge structure that is housed in the case 23 and integrated. Here, the main valve 24 and the fail valve 26 are constituted by disc valves that are seat-like discs. The main valve 24 and the fail valve 26 are configured by laminating a plurality of sheet-like disks such as washers and retainers. In addition, what comprises one sheet is also included.

  More specifically, the expansion-side damping valve 17 includes a main body 34 provided with a connecting member 29, a main valve 24, a pilot valve 25 and a pilot body 35 provided with a fail valve 26 in a bottomed cylindrical case 23. These components in the case 23 are fixed by arranging them along the axial direction, attaching a solenoid 33 to the opening of the case 23, and screwing the nut 36 into the outer periphery of the case 23 to apply axial force. It is integrated. In the connecting member 29, the cylindrical portion 29 </ b> A protrudes from the bottom portion of the case 23, and the flange portion 29 </ b> B is clamped between the bottom portion of the case 23 and the main body 34. A plurality of passages 30 communicating with the chamber 23 </ b> A in the case 23 are provided at the bottom of the case 23 in the circumferential direction. A large-diameter flange portion 37 is formed on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion of the case 23. An annular passage 50 is provided on the downstream side of the plurality of passages 30 so as to communicate with the passage 30, and further, a passage 21 of the valve block 16 is provided on the downstream side of the annular passage 50 so as to communicate with the annular passage 50. It has been.

  The extension-side damping valve 17 is fixed by a fixing nut 28 by inserting a case 23 into a valve bore 27 formed in the valve block 16 and fitting it. The valve bore 27 has a large-diameter portion 27A formed on the opening side, the flange portion 37 of the case 23 of the expansion-side damping valve 17 is fitted into 27A, and a ring-shaped fixing nut 28 is screwed into the large-diameter portion 27A. The extension side damping valve 17 is fixed. An O-ring 38 that seals between the fixed nut 28 and the nut 36 of the extension-side damping valve 17 is attached to the inner periphery of the fixed nut 28 to prevent foreign matter from entering. Then, the cylindrical portion 29A of the connecting member 29 protruding from the bottom of the case 23 is connected in a fluid-tight manner to the passage 20 opened at the bottom of the valve bore 27, and a passage 30 formed at the bottom of the case 23 is formed. Connected to the passage 21 opening at the bottom of the valve bore 27. Here, since the connection member 29 is provided so as to protrude from the case 23, it can be used for positioning to the valve bore 27 formed in the valve block 16. In addition, a seal groove 52 is formed on the outer peripheral side of the connection member 29, and a seal member 53 including an O-ring or the like is fitted into the seal groove 52. As described above, since the sealing member 53 is provided not on the valve block 16 side but on the connection member 29 side, the expansion member damping valve 17 is removed from the sealing member 53 which is a consumable part during inspection and maintenance. And can be exchanged together. Similarly, since the seal groove 54 and the seal member 55 are provided not on the valve block 16 side but on the valve case 23 side, the seal member 55 which is a consumable part is attached to the expansion-side damping valve 17 at the time of inspection or maintenance. You can replace them together by removing them. Further, after removing the expansion side damping valve 17 at the time of inspection, maintenance, etc., until a new replacement part is inserted, a lid member provided with a sealing means instead of the sealing members 53 and 55 is fitted, so that the valve It is possible to prevent contamination and the like from entering the block 16.

  As a result, the expansion side damping valve 17 introduces the oil liquid from the passage 20 of the valve block 16 through the connecting member 29, and passes through the main valve 24, the pilot valve 25 and the fail valve 26, and the chamber 23 </ b> A surrounded by the case 23. To distribute. The oil in the chamber 23 </ b> A flows to the passage 21 of the valve block 16 through the passage 30 at the bottom of the case 23.

  At this time, before the main valve 24 is opened, the flow of oil is controlled by the pilot valve 25 to generate a damping force. When the main valve 24 is opened, the damping force is mainly generated by the main valve 24. . Further, a part of the oil fluid upstream of the pilot valve 25 is introduced into the back pressure chamber 31 at the back of the main valve 24, and the internal pressure acts in the valve closing direction of the main valve 24. The damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the control pressure of the pilot valve 25 by the current supplied to the solenoid 33 via the lead wire 32. As a result, the internal pressure of the back pressure chamber 31 changes and the main valve 24 changes. The valve opening pressure and opening degree can be adjusted. In addition, the fail valve 26 is closed when energization to the solenoid 33 is interrupted, and restricts the flow of the oil liquid instead of the pilot valve 25 which is normally open, so that an excessive damping force can be obtained. To maintain a moderate damping force.

  The compression-side damping valve 18 is attached to the valve block 16 with the same structure as the above-described expansion-side damping valve 25, and is connected to the annular passage 12B (hence, the cylinder chamber 2B) via the passage 20 and the conduit 19B. , Connected to the reservoir 4 via the passage 22.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
During the extension stroke of the piston rod 9, the hydraulic fluid on the cylinder chamber 2 </ b> A side is pressurized, the check valve 10 of the piston 8 is closed, and the oil passage 13, the annular recess 12 </ b> A, the pipe passage 19 </ b> A, and the passage 20 of the valve block 16 are passed. It flows into the expansion side damping valve 17, and flows from the expansion side damping valve 17 into the cylinder chamber 2 </ b> B through the passage 21, the pipe line 19 </ b> B, the annular recess 19 </ b> B, and the oil passage 14.

  Thereby, a damping force is generated by the extension side damping valve 17 with respect to the extension stroke of the piston rod 9, and the damping force can be adjusted according to energization to the solenoid 33 of the extension side damping valve 17. Note that the amount of oil liquid that the piston rod 9 has withdrawn from the cylinder 2 opens the check valve 11 of the base valve 5 and flows into the cylinder chamber 2B, and the gas in the reservoir 4 expands to compensate for volume compensation. Do.

  During the contraction stroke of the piston rod 9, the check valve 10 of the piston 8 opens, the check valve 11 of the base valve 5 closes, and the cylinder chambers 2A and 2B are both pressurized by the piston rod 9 entering the cylinder 2. The oil pressure in the cylinder chamber 2B flows into the compression side damping valve 18 through the oil passage 14, the annular recess 12B, the pipe passage 19B, and the passage 21 of the valve block 16, and the compression side damping valve 18 Then, it flows into the reservoir 4 through the passage 22. At this time, the upstream side pipe 19 </ b> A and the downstream side pipe 19 </ b> B of the extension side damping valve 17 have the same pressure, so that the oil does not flow through the extension side damping valve 17.

  Accordingly, a damping force is generated by the compression side damping valve 18 with respect to the contraction stroke of the piston rod 9, and the damping force can be adjusted according to the energization of the solenoid 33 of the compression side damping valve 18.

  When checking or maintaining the damping force variable damper 1, the expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17, 18 can be removed from the valve block 16 by loosening the fixing nut 28. At this time, since the expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 have an integrated cartridge structure, the connecting member 29, the main valve 24, the main body 34, the pilot valve 25, the fail valve 26, and the pilot body. Since parts such as the solenoid 35 and the solenoid 33 are not separated and separated, the inspection, maintenance, and replacement can be easily performed, and erroneous assembly during reassembly hardly occurs.

  The expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 are covered by the case 23 and can hold the oil liquid therein. Therefore, when attaching to and detaching from the valve block 16, the outflow of the oil liquid is minimized. Mixing of air can be suppressed. Further, the downstream side of the passage 30 formed in the case 23 is configured to communicate with the passage 22 connected to the reservoir 4 via the annular passage 50 and the passage 21 of the valve block 16. Therefore, while the distance between the case 23 and the reservoir 4 is short and communicates with a straight passage, the distance between the case 23 and the reservoir 4 is long, and the direction in which the oil liquid flows is made different. By making the position different, not only when the valve block 16 is attached / detached, but also when the damper is attached to the vehicle, the posture in the horizontal direction or the axial direction is made different to make it difficult for the gas and air in the reservoir 4 to flow backward. be able to. Furthermore, even if a backflow occurs due to the shaking of the vehicle during vehicle travel, it is possible to make it difficult for the gas and air in the reservoir 4 to flow back.

  In addition, since the expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 are attached to the valve block 16 in the assembled state, it is possible to suppress quality of foreign matters and easily perform quality control. In addition, since the performance of the expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 can be inspected in a single state before the damping force variable damper 1 is assembled, quality control can be performed efficiently.

The expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 are not structured to be covered by the case 23, but are integrated with components such as the main body 34 and the pilot body 35 by penetrating pins, bolts, and the like. Alternatively, the chamber 23A may be formed in the periphery by inserting it in a liquid-tight manner. In this case, the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 alone cannot hold the oil liquid, and therefore cannot be expected to prevent the air from being mixed.
Further, by rotating the valve block 16 and the case 23 with the fixing nut 28 as a fixing member without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. Since it can be attached and removed, workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  Next, modified examples of the expansion side and contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts with respect to the above-described embodiment, and only different parts will be described in detail.

  In the first modification shown in FIG. 3, the large-diameter portion 27A and the fixing nut 28 of the valve bore 27 are omitted, the screw portion 39 formed on the outer peripheral portion of the case 23 is directly screwed into the valve bore 27, and the flange portion 37 is connected to the valve block 16. The expansion side damping valve 17 is fixed to the valve block 16 by being brought into contact with the outer surface of the valve block 16. Thereby, the number of parts can be reduced and the structure can be simplified.

  In the second modified example shown in FIG. 4, the screw part 39 is omitted, the flange part 37 is expanded in diameter, and the bolt 40 inserted through the flange part 37 is screwed into the valve block 16 with respect to the modified example shown in FIG. 3. By joining, the expansion side damping valve 17 is fixed to the valve block 16. Thereby, for example, the mounting direction around the axis of the expansion side damping valve 17 can be determined according to the lead-out direction of the lead wire 32. In addition, the valve block 16 and the case 23 are fixed to the flange portion 37 as a fixing member with the bolt 49 without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. By doing so, it can be attached and detached, so that workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  In the third modified example shown in FIG. 5, the connecting member 29 of the extension side damping valve 17 is omitted from the second modified example shown in FIG. 4, and instead of the check valve 41 on the bottom side in the case 23. Is provided. The check valve 41 allows only the flow of the oil from the outlet (chamber 23A) side of the extension side damping valve 17 to the inlet side. The extension-side damping valve 17 introduces oil from a passage 30 provided at the bottom of the case 23, flows out from the passage 23B provided on the side wall of the case 23, and the passage 23B is a passage of the valve block. 21. Further, the pipe line 19 </ b> A extends into the valve bore 27, and a flange portion 42 formed at one end of the pipe line 19 </ b> A is fitted into the valve bore 27 and fixed to the valve block 16 by the retainer 43.

  As a result, the cylinder chambers 2A and 2B are communicated with each other via the check valve 41, and the check valve 41 allows only the fluid flow from the cylinder chamber 2B side to the cylinder chamber 2A side, Since it functions similarly to the check valve 10 of the piston 8, the check valve 10 of the piston 8 can be omitted. Further, by rotating the valve block 16 and the case 23 with the fixing nut 28 as a fixing member without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. Since it can be attached and removed, workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  In the fourth modification shown in FIG. 6, the check valve 41 is integrated with the bottom of the case 23 as compared with the third modification shown in FIG. 5. As a result, the same effects as those of the third modification can be achieved, and the number of parts can be reduced and the structure can be simplified. Further, by rotating the valve block 16 and the case 23 with the fixing nut 28 as a fixing member without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. Since it can be attached and removed, workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  In the fifth modification shown in FIG. 7, the connection member 29 is omitted from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the opening 44 provided at the center of the bottom of the case 23 is provided in the passage 20 of the valve block 16. The oil solution is introduced into the extension side damping valve 17 through the opening 44. Thus, the same effects as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained, and the number of parts can be reduced and the structure can be simplified. Further, by rotating the valve block 16 and the case 23 with the fixing nut 28 as a fixing member without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. Since it can be attached and removed, workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  In the sixth modification shown in FIG. 8, the valve block 45 is provided integrally with the end plate 6 on the base valve 5 side, and the valve bore 27 of the valve block 45 has the same structure as the fifth modification shown in FIG. A compression-side damping valve 18 is attached. The pipe 46 connected to the passage 21 of the valve block 45 is connected to the cylinder chamber 2B through the base valve 5, and the passage 30 at the bottom of the case 23 is connected to the reservoir 4 via the passage 47 provided in the valve block 45. Connect to. Thereby, the same effect as the said 5th modification can be show | played, integrating the valve block 45 with the end plate 6. FIG. Further, by rotating the valve block 16 and the case 23 with the fixing nut 28 as a fixing member without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. Since it can be attached and removed, workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  In the sixth modification shown in FIG. 9, a valve block 47 is provided integrally with the rod guide 7, and the expansion side damping valve 17 of the fifth modification shown in FIG. 7 is attached to the valve bore 27 of the valve block 47. It is. Then, the opening 44 (inlet) of the expansion side damping valve 17 is connected to the cylinder chamber 2 </ b> A through a passage 48 provided in the valve block 47, and the extension side damping valve is connected through a passage 49 provided in the valve block 47. 17 passages 30 (outlets) are connected to the reservoir 4. Thereby, the same effect as the said 5th modification can be show | played, integrating the valve block 47 with the rod guide 7. FIG. Further, by rotating the valve block 16 and the case 23 with the fixing nut 28 as a fixing member without rotating the expansion side and the contraction side damping valves 17 and 18 side where the long lead wires 32 are integrally provided. Since it can be attached and removed, workability during inspection and maintenance can be improved.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Damping force variable damper (railway vehicle damper), 2 ... Cylinder, 8 ... Piston, 9 ... Piston rod, 16 ... Valve block, 17 ... Expansion side damping valve (damping valve), 18 ... Contraction side damping valve (damping) Valve), 20 ... passage, 21 ... passage, 27 ... valve bore

Claims (6)

A cylinder filled with a working fluid; a piston slidably inserted into the cylinder; a piston rod connected to the piston and extending to the outside of the cylinder; and sliding of the piston within the cylinder A railcar damper having a damping valve that generates a damping force by controlling a flow of a working fluid generated by
A valve block disposed outside the cylinder and having a valve bore into which the damping valve is inserted and a working fluid passage connected to the valve bore;
The damper for a railway vehicle, wherein the damping valve has an integrated cartridge structure and is detachable from the valve bore.   The railway vehicle damper according to claim 1, wherein the damping valve is covered with a case that fits into the valve bore.   The railway vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a flange portion is formed on an outer peripheral portion of the case, and the damping valve is fixed to the valve block by coupling the flange portion to the valve block. Damper.   The railway vehicle damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the damping valve includes a part configured by stacking a plurality of disk valves.   5. The railway according to claim 1, wherein the damping valve includes a connection member protruding from a bottom portion of the case, and the valve block is aligned by the connection member. Vehicle damper.   6. The damping valve according to claim 1, wherein the damping valve includes a lead wire, and the damping valve is fixed to the valve bore by rotating or fastening a fixing member provided on an outer peripheral side of the case. The railway vehicle damper according to any one of the preceding claims.

Images