JP2018091284A - Duct for water turbine - Google Patents

Duct for water turbine Download PDF

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JP2018091284A
JP2018091284A JP2016237017A JP2016237017A JP2018091284A JP 2018091284 A JP2018091284 A JP 2018091284A JP 2016237017 A JP2016237017 A JP 2016237017A JP 2016237017 A JP2016237017 A JP 2016237017A JP 2018091284 A JP2018091284 A JP 2018091284A
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water
duct
water turbine
shielding
disposed
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鈴木 政彦
Masahiko Suzuki
政彦 鈴木
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Bellsion KK
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Bellsion KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a duct for a water turbine which is arranged in a water channel and can keep constant a level of water contacting a rotor in the duct even when a water level in the water channel changes higher or lower.SOLUTION: A duct 1 is configured such that a water turbine can be arranged therein. A water turbine housing 11 is suspended from a top plate 2 a bottom face of which is horizontal, via a tubular suspension supporter 10. On a bottom face 3 of the duct 1, a blocking protrusion 16 is arranged in front of the water turbine housing 11.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本発明は、水路の水位が低い場合にも、ダクト内の水位を一定に高くするようにした水車用ダクトに関する。   The present invention relates to a water turbine duct in which the water level in the duct is constantly increased even when the water level of the water channel is low.

水車用ダクトは、一定量の水流を、水車に当てることができるものとして汎用され、内部に複数の水車を配設するものとしては、例えば特許文献1に開示されている。   The turbine wheel duct is widely used as a unit that can apply a certain amount of water flow to the turbine, and is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 in which a plurality of turbines are disposed.

特開2000−9012号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-9012

特許文献1に記載の水車用ダクトは、管径が小であり、かつ内部に複数の水車が配設されているため、水の流れが水車によって遮られて、流速が低下し、発電効率は高くならない。
本発明は、水路内に配設される水車用ダクトであって、水路の水位が高低変化しても、ダクト内部の水位を一定に保持させるようにした、水車用ダクトを提供するものである。
Since the water turbine duct described in Patent Document 1 has a small pipe diameter and a plurality of water turbines disposed therein, the water flow is blocked by the water turbine, the flow velocity is reduced, and the power generation efficiency is reduced. Will not be high.
The present invention provides a water turbine duct disposed in a water channel, wherein the water level inside the duct is kept constant even if the water level of the water channel changes. It is.

本発明は前記課題を解決するために、次のような技術的手段を講じた。具体的な内容は次の通りである。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has taken the following technical means. The specific contents are as follows.

(1) 内部に水車を配設しうるようになっているダクトであって、下面を水平とした上板に、管状の吊杆体を介して水車筐体を吊設し、かつダクトの底面には、遮蔽突体を水車筐体の前部に位置するように配設した水車用ダクト。   (1) A duct in which a water wheel can be disposed, and a water wheel housing is hung on a top plate with a lower surface horizontal through a tubular hanging rod, and on the bottom surface of the duct Is a water turbine duct in which a shielding projection is disposed at the front of the water turbine casing.

(2)前記遮蔽突体は、平面視で、前部は大きく、後方へ次第に小さくされて、その両側に側路を形成してなる前記(1)に記載の水車用ダクト。   (2) The water turbine duct according to (1), wherein the shielding protrusion has a large front portion and is gradually reduced rearward to form a side path on both sides thereof.

(3)前記遮蔽突体は、正面視で、上部は円弧面としてなる前記(2)に記載の水車用ダクト。   (3) The water turbine duct according to (2), wherein the shielding protrusion has a circular arc surface in a front view.

(4)前記遮蔽突体は、ダクト内に配設される水車筐体を挾むように、ダクトの前後で水路を遮断するように配設し、前部の遮蔽突体よりも後部の遮蔽突体の高さを低くしてある前記(1)に記載の水車用ダクト。   (4) The shielding projecting body is disposed so as to block the water channel before and after the duct so as to sandwich the water turbine housing disposed in the duct, and is behind the front shielding projecting body. The turbine duct according to (1), wherein the height of the turbine is reduced.

(5)前記遮蔽突体に、着脱可能に重錘を配設してある前記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の水車用ダクト。   (5) The water turbine duct according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein a weight is detachably disposed on the shielding protrusion.

本発明によると、次のような効果が奏せられる。   According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

前記(1)に記載の発明は、水路内に配設されるようになっているダクトの上板に吊設された、水車筐体の前部に位置するようにして、ダクトの内底面に、遮蔽突体が配設されているので、水流は、遮蔽突体の表面に沿って、コアンダ効果で高速となってロータに当り、回転させながら、後方へ出て、排水口から下流に通過する。
前部の遮蔽突体に当る流体は、遮蔽突体の上方へ盛上がるが、上板があるために、盛上がる水流は抑えられて、圧力を高めて、ロータの方へ移動して回転効率を高めることになる。
The invention described in the above (1) is provided on the inner bottom surface of the duct so as to be positioned at the front part of the water turbine casing suspended from the upper plate of the duct arranged in the water channel. Since the shielding projection is arranged, the water flow along the surface of the shielding projection becomes high speed by the Coanda effect, hits the rotor, rotates, exits backward, and passes downstream from the drainage port. To do.
The fluid that hits the front shielding projection rises above the shielding projection, but because of the upper plate, the rising water flow is suppressed, increasing the pressure and moving toward the rotor to increase the rotational efficiency. It will be.

前記(2)に記載の発明においては、遮蔽突体の左右両側に側路が形成されているので、水位が低くても、遮蔽突体により側路の水位があがり、流速を高めてロータブレードの翼端部に当るので、渇水期で水路の水位が低下しても、効率のよい回転をさせることができる。
遮蔽突体の平面視が、前部は大きく、後方へ次第に小となっているので、水流はコアンダ効果により高速となって、ロータブレードに当たる。
In the invention described in (2), since the side passages are formed on both the left and right sides of the shielding projection, even if the water level is low, the water level of the side passage is increased by the shielding projection, and the flow velocity is increased to increase the rotor blade. Therefore, even if the water level of the water channel is lowered during the drought period, efficient rotation can be achieved.
The plan view of the shielding protrusion is large at the front and gradually smaller toward the rear, so that the water flow becomes high speed due to the Coanda effect and hits the rotor blade.

前記(3)に記載の発明においては、遮蔽突体は、正面視で、上部は円弧面としてあるので、この表面に沿って通過する水流は、円弧状となって通過して、ロータブレードの翼端部分に均等に当り、効率良く回転させることができる。   In the invention described in (3), since the shielding protrusion is in a front view and the upper part is an arc surface, the water flow passing along this surface passes in an arc shape and passes through the rotor blade. Equally hits the wing tip and can be rotated efficiently.

前記(4)に記載の発明においては、ダクト内に配設される水車筐体を挾むようにダクトの前後で水路を遮断するように配設し、前部の遮蔽突体よりも後部の遮蔽突体の高さを低くしてあるので、前部の遮蔽突体で水路の水位を高め、サイホンの原理により、ロータブレードを回転させることができる。   In the invention described in (4) above, the water channel is arranged to be blocked before and after the duct so as to sandwich the water turbine housing arranged in the duct, and the rear shielding projection is more than the front shielding projection. Since the height of the body is lowered, the water level of the water channel can be increased by the front shielding protrusion, and the rotor blade can be rotated by the principle of siphon.

前記(5)に記載の発明においては、遮蔽突体に、着脱可能に重錘を配設してあるので、水路の底に密着させやすい。   In the invention described in (5) above, since the weight is detachably disposed on the shielding protrusion, it is easy to be brought into close contact with the bottom of the water channel.

本発明の、水車用ダクトの一実施形態を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows one Embodiment of the duct for water turbines of this invention. 図1におけるII−II線横断平面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. 図1におけるIII−III線縦断側面図である。It is the III-III line vertical side view in FIG. 本発明の別の実施形態の水車用ダクトの縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view of the duct for water turbines of another embodiment of the present invention.

本発明の一実施形態を、図面を参照して説明する。
図1において、水車用ダクト1は、正面視において、上板2と底板3及び左右の側板4、5とで形成された断面長方形の、前後に長い箱体のものであり、平面視においても長方形とされている。前面開口部は受水口6、後面開口部は排水口7となっている。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, a water turbine duct 1 is a box having a rectangular cross section formed by an upper plate 2, a bottom plate 3, and left and right side plates 4, 5 in a front view, and is long in the front and rear directions. Is also rectangular. The front opening is a water receiving port 6, and the rear opening is a drain port 7.

上板2には、吊支持体10を介して水車筐体11が吊設される。水車筐体11の前面側には、前後軸回りに回転するロータ12が配設され、ロータ12のハブ13の外周面には、放射方向を向く複数のロータブレード14が止着され、各ロータブレード14の先端は、前方向へ傾斜する前向傾斜部14Aとされている。
水車筐体11は、水車用ダクト1における、前後方向の中央よりも、やや後方に配設されている。
A water turbine casing 11 is suspended from the upper plate 2 via a suspension support 10. A rotor 12 that rotates about the front-rear axis is disposed on the front surface side of the water turbine casing 11, and a plurality of rotor blades 14 that are directed in the radial direction are fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the hub 13 of the rotor 12. The tip of the blade 14 is a forward inclined portion 14A that is inclined forward.
The water turbine casing 11 is disposed slightly behind the center in the front-rear direction in the water turbine duct 1.

上板2より上方へ突出する管状の吊支持体10の上端には、発電機15が連結されている。吊支持体10の内部には、図示しない伝動軸が挿設され、伝動軸の上端は発電機15に連結され、同じく下端は水車筐体11内に配設された、図示しない前後方向を向くロータ軸に連係されており、ロータ12の回転に伴って、発電機15が回転して発電される。   A generator 15 is connected to the upper end of the tubular suspension support 10 that protrudes upward from the upper plate 2. A transmission shaft (not shown) is inserted into the suspension support 10, the upper end of the transmission shaft is connected to the generator 15, and the lower end of the suspension support 10 is disposed in the water turbine casing 11 and faces the front-rear direction (not shown). Linked to the rotor shaft, the generator 15 rotates to generate power as the rotor 12 rotates.

水車用ダクト1の底板3の上面における水車筐体11の前後側には、それぞれ前後の遮蔽突体16、17が、それぞれの側方に、間隙となる側路8、9が形成されるようにして配設されている。
遮蔽突体16の幅は、平面視で、大きな前部から後部へかけて次第に小とされて、後端においては、ロータ12の幅よりも狭く形成されている。
Front and rear shielding protrusions 16 and 17 are formed on the front and rear sides of the water turbine casing 11 on the upper surface of the bottom plate 3 of the water turbine duct 1, and side passages 8 and 9 serving as gaps are formed on the sides. It is arranged in this way.
The width of the shielding protrusion 16 is gradually reduced from a large front part to the rear part in a plan view, and is formed narrower than the width of the rotor 12 at the rear end.

これによって、水路の水位が低くても、遮蔽突体16により堰止められて水流は、遮蔽突体16の側面における側路8、9に沿って通過し、コアンダ効果によって、ロータブレード14の前面に当り、回転効率を高めて通過する。   Thereby, even if the water level of the water channel is low, the water flow is blocked by the shielding projection 16 and passes along the side paths 8 and 9 on the side surface of the shielding projection 16, and the front surface of the rotor blade 14 is caused by the Coanda effect. And pass with increased rotational efficiency.

遮蔽突体16の高さは、ロータブレード14の長さよりも高く形成され、後部へかけて僅かに低く形成され、かつ正面視では、中央から左右へ下がる円弧形に形成されている。   The height of the shielding protrusion 16 is formed to be higher than the length of the rotor blade 14, is formed to be slightly lower toward the rear portion, and is formed in an arc shape that falls from the center to the left and right in the front view.

遮蔽突体16の材質は、FRPその他何でも構わない。また中空の場合には、例えば砂などを詰装している。もし遮蔽突体16、17が軽過ぎる場合には、その内部に適宜な重錘18を着脱可能に配設して調節する。   The material of the shielding protrusion 16 may be FRP or any other material. Moreover, in the case of a hollow, for example, sand is packed. If the shielding protrusions 16 and 17 are too light, an appropriate weight 18 is detachably disposed therein and adjusted.

水路内に水車用ダクト1を設置する要領は、繋留や、水路底に支持体をもって固定するなど任意である。なお、水深が深い場合で、上層に配設する場合には、上板2の下面が、水路の水面より下方に位置するように設置する。   The point of installing the water turbine duct 1 in the water channel is arbitrary, such as tethering or fixing with a support to the bottom of the water channel. In addition, when the water depth is deep and the upper plate 2 is disposed in the upper layer, the lower surface of the upper plate 2 is installed below the water surface of the water channel.

水路に配設した状態で、水車用ダクト1の受水口6の全域から、水流が内部に入って通過すると、左右の側路8、9を通過する水流は、前部の遮蔽突体16の側面に沿って流れる。   When the water flow enters the interior from the entire area of the water receiving port 6 of the water turbine duct 1 while passing through the water channel, the water flow that passes through the left and right side channels 8 and 9 passes through the front shielding projection 16. Flowing along the sides of the.

遮蔽突体16の側面後部の幅が小となるように、内側に傾斜しているので、その側面に沿って通過する水流は、コアンダ効果によって、ロータブレード14の傾斜部14Aの方向へ流れ、効率良くロータブレード14を回転させる。   Since it is inclined inward so that the width of the rear portion of the side surface of the shielding protrusion 16 is small, the water flow passing along the side surface flows in the direction of the inclined portion 14A of the rotor blade 14 by the Coanda effect, The rotor blade 14 is rotated efficiently.

図1及び図3に示すように、ロータ12の直前には、遮蔽突体16が存在して水流を阻むので、渇水期などで水位が低下した時、遮蔽突体16により阻まれた水流は、側路8、9における水位を高くして通過し、ロータブレード14に当り、効率のよい回転をさせる。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the shielding protrusion 16 is present immediately before the rotor 12 to block the water flow. Therefore, when the water level is lowered during a drought period, the water flow blocked by the shielding protrusion 16 is Then, the water level in the side passages 8 and 9 is increased to pass, hitting the rotor blade 14 and rotating efficiently.

遮蔽突体16の上面を通過して、上方向に盛上がろうとする水流は、上方にある上板2によって抑止され、後方向へコアンダ効果によって高速となって通過し、排出口7へと向かう。   The water flow passing through the upper surface of the shielding protrusion 16 and trying to rise upward is suppressed by the upper plate 2 located above, and passes rearward at a high speed due to the Coanda effect, to the discharge port 7. Head.

このように、水車用ダクト1の内部の本来の断面積は一定であるが、遮蔽突体16、17の存在によって、遮蔽突体16、17の側部における側路8、9が、隘路としての作用と効果を生じさせている。   Thus, although the original cross-sectional area inside the water turbine duct 1 is constant, due to the presence of the shielding protrusions 16 and 17, the side paths 8 and 9 on the sides of the shielding protrusions 16 and 17 are As a result, the effects and effects are produced.

また、水位が低下して、例えば水車筐体11よりも下位となっても、側路8、9を通過する水流によって、ロータ12は回転する。水路の水位が上板2を超えた場合には、水流は上板2の上面を通過する。   Further, even if the water level decreases and becomes lower than, for example, the turbine casing 11, the rotor 12 rotates due to the water flow passing through the side paths 8 and 9. When the water level in the water channel exceeds the upper plate 2, the water flow passes through the upper surface of the upper plate 2.

図4は、本発明の別の実施形態を示す水車用ダクトの縦断側面図である。前例と同じ部材には、同じ符号を付して説明を省略する。
この実施例においては、水車用ダクト1の内部において、水車筐体11の前後に、水車用ダクト1内の下部分を遮蔽するように、遮蔽突体16、17を配設したものである。
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a water turbine duct showing another embodiment of the present invention. The same members as those of the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In this embodiment, the shielding protrusions 16 and 17 are disposed inside the water turbine duct 1 before and after the water turbine casing 11 so as to shield the lower part in the water turbine duct 1. is there.

前部における遮蔽突体16の高さは、ロータ12の上端位置と同等か、やや下がる程度に形成され、後部の遮蔽突体17の高さは、前部の突体突体16の高さよりも低く形成されている。これにより、サイホンの原理で、前部の遮蔽突体16を越えてロータ12に当った水流は、後部の遮蔽突体17を越えて下流へ通過する速度が速められる。   The height of the shielding protrusion 16 at the front portion is equal to or slightly lower than the upper end position of the rotor 12, and the height of the shielding protrusion 17 at the rear portion is higher than the height of the protrusion protrusion 16 at the front portion. Is also formed low. As a result, the speed at which the water flow that hits the rotor 12 beyond the front shielding protrusion 16 passes downstream through the rear shielding protrusion 17 is increased by the principle of siphon.

本発明の水車のダクトは、水路内に配設して、水路の水位が高低変化しても、水車用ダクト1内のロータブレードに当る水位を一定に保持させることができるので、水路に設置して、安定した発電をさせる水力発電装置に、広く利用することができる。   The water turbine duct according to the present invention is disposed in the water channel, and even if the water level of the water channel changes high and low, the water level hitting the rotor blade in the water turbine duct 1 can be kept constant. It can be widely used in a hydroelectric power generation device that is installed and generates stable power generation.

1.水車用ダクト
2.上板
3.底板
4、5.側板
6.受水口
7.排水口
8、9.側路
10.吊支持体
11.水車筐体
12.ロータ
13.ハブ
14.ブレード
14A.前向傾斜部
15.発電機
16、17.遮蔽突体
18.重錘
1. 1. Turbine duct Upper plate 3. Bottom plate 4,5. Side plate 6. Water receiving port 7. Drain port 8,9. Side road
Ten. Suspended support
11. Water turbine housing
12. Rotor
13. Hub
14. blade
14A. Forward slope
15. Generator
16, 17. Shielding projection
18. Weight

Claims (5)

内部に水車を配設しうるようになっているダクトであって、下面を水平とした上板に、管状の吊支持体を介して水車筐体を吊設するようにし、かつダクトの底面には、遮蔽突体を水車筐体の前部に位置するように配設したことを特徴とする水車用ダクト。   It is a duct in which a water wheel can be disposed, and a water wheel housing is hung on an upper plate with a lower surface horizontal through a tubular suspension support, and on the bottom surface of the duct. Is a duct for water turbines, characterized in that the shielding protrusions are arranged at the front part of the water turbine casing. 前記遮蔽突体は、平面視で前部は大きく、後方へ次第に小さくされ、その両側に側路を形成してなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水車用ダクト。   2. The water turbine duct according to claim 1, wherein the shielding projecting body has a front portion that is large in a plan view and is gradually made smaller toward the rear side, and side passages are formed on both sides thereof. 前記遮蔽突体は、正面視で、上部は円弧面としてなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の水車用ダクト。   The water turbine duct according to claim 2, wherein the shielding protrusion has a circular arc surface in a front view. 前記遮蔽突体は、配設される水車筐体を挾むようにダクトの前後で水路を遮断するように配設し、前部の遮蔽突体よりも後部の遮蔽突体の高さを低くしてあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水車用ダクト。   The shielding projecting body is disposed so as to block the water channel before and after the duct so as to sandwich the water turbine housing disposed, and the height of the rear shielding projecting body is made lower than the front shielding projecting body. The water turbine duct according to claim 1, wherein the water turbine duct is provided. 前記遮蔽突体に、着脱可能に重錘を配設してあることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の水車用ダクト。
The water turbine duct according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a weight is detachably disposed on the shielding protrusion.
JP2016237017A 2016-12-06 2016-12-06 Duct for water turbine Pending JP2018091284A (en)

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