JP2018090907A - Method for manufacturing aluminum-base composite material, aluminum-base composite material manufactured thereby and aluminum-base structure including aluminum-base composite material - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing aluminum-base composite material, aluminum-base composite material manufactured thereby and aluminum-base structure including aluminum-base composite material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- UQVOJETYKFAIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium carbide Chemical compound [Be][C][Be] UQVOJETYKFAIRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910026551 ZrC Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- JXOOCQBAIRXOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[Al] Chemical compound [B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[Al] JXOOCQBAIRXOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zr] Chemical compound [C].[Zr] OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 Boron nitride nitride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/68—Boronising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
- Y10T428/12764—Next to Al-base component
Abstract
Description
本発明は、アルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法、当該方法により製造されたアルミニウム基複合材料、及びアルミニウム基複合材料を含むアルミニウム基構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing an aluminum matrix composite material, an aluminum matrix composite material produced by the method, and an aluminum matrix structure including the aluminum matrix composite material.
金属基複合材料(Metal Matrix Composite、MMC)は、金属材料を基材とし、特別なプロセスにより、種類の異なる、形態の異なるセラミック、非金属強化相を、連続する金属基材内に均一に分布させた新規複合材料である。その性能は、金属基材と強化相の利点を兼ね備え、高い比強度及び比剛性を有し、高温に耐えられ、摩耗に耐えられ、横性能及び層間せん断強度が高く、かつ高い熱的安定性、体積安定性及び材料の設計可能性を有するので、真っ先に航空宇宙産業に適用される。 Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) is based on a metal material, and with a special process, different types of ceramics with different forms and non-metallic reinforced phases are evenly distributed in a continuous metal substrate. New composite material. Its performance combines the advantages of metal base and reinforcing phase, has high specific strength and specific rigidity, can withstand high temperatures, withstands wear, has high lateral performance and interlaminar shear strength, and high thermal stability Because it has volume stability and material design possibility, it is first applied to aerospace industry.
現在、金属基複合材料は、例えば次の問題があるので、量産及び商業化が困難となる。1、金属基材が十分な流動性を有し、強化相の間の隙間に十分に浸透してそれと複合することを確保するために、高温で行う必要があり、しかしながら、高温で強化相と基材とは有害な界面反応が発生することがある。2、金属基材と強化相との間の相溶性が悪い。3、強化相が設計要求における含有量、方向で基材内に均一に分布していることを確保しなければならない。 At present, metal matrix composite materials have the following problems, for example, and are difficult to mass-produce and commercialize. 1.To ensure that the metal substrate has sufficient fluidity and sufficiently penetrates into and composites with the gaps between the reinforcing phases, it must be performed at a high temperature. A harmful interfacial reaction may occur with the substrate. 2. The compatibility between the metal substrate and the reinforcing phase is poor. 3. It must be ensured that the reinforcing phase is uniformly distributed in the substrate in the content and direction according to the design requirements.
本発明の主な目的は、アルミニウム基金属を、好ましい機械的強度を有するアルミニウム基金属複合材料に製造することができるアルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法を提供することにある。 A main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aluminum-based composite material capable of producing an aluminum-based metal into an aluminum-based metal composite material having a preferable mechanical strength.
本発明の別の目的は、好ましい機械的強度を有するアルミニウム基複合材料を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based composite material having favorable mechanical strength.
本発明の別の目的は、好ましい機械的強度を有するアルミニウム基構造を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based structure having favorable mechanical strength.
本発明のアルミニウム基金属の処理方法は、ホウ砂でアルミニウム基金属の表面を覆い、アルミニウム基金属をホウ砂の融点を超えるように加熱することである。 The method for treating an aluminum base metal of the present invention is to cover the surface of the aluminum base metal with borax and to heat the aluminum base metal so as to exceed the melting point of borax.
本発明の一実施例において、アルミニウム基金属は、アルミニウム金属である。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum base metal is an aluminum metal.
本発明の一実施例において、アルミニウム基金属は、アルミ合金である。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum base metal is an aluminum alloy.
本発明の一実施例において、ホウ砂をセラミック材料と混合してから、アルミニウム基金属の表面を覆い、アルミニウム基金属を、ホウ砂の融点を超えるように加熱し、当該ホウ砂に対するセラミック材料の含有量は、0.01〜90wt%である。 In one embodiment of the present invention, borax is mixed with a ceramic material, and then the surface of the aluminum base metal is covered, and the aluminum base metal is heated to exceed the melting point of borax, Content is 0.01-90 wt%.
本発明の一実施例において、セラミック材料の硬度は、アルミニウムの硬度よりも大きい。 In one embodiment of the invention, the hardness of the ceramic material is greater than the hardness of aluminum.
本発明の一実施例において、セラミック材料は、炭化シリコン(Silicon carbide)、タングステンカーバイド(Tungsten carbide)、炭化ホウ素(Boron carbide)、炭化ジルコニウム(Zirconium carbide)、炭化チタン(Titanium carbide)、炭化ベリリウム(Beryllium carbide)、ホウ化ジルコニウム(Zirconium boride)、二ホウ化チタン(Titanium diboride)、二ホウ化レニウム(Rhenium diboride)、ホウ化アルミニウム(Aluminum boride)、酸化アルミニウム(Aluminium oxide)、窒化ホウ素(Boron nitride)、ダイヤモンド、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれる。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material may be silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide ( Beryllium carbide), Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Boron nitride ), Diamond, and combinations thereof.
本発明のアルミニウム基複合材料は、7〜9atomic%のアルミニウムと、11〜13atomic%のナトリウムと、79〜81atomic%の酸素とを含む。 The aluminum matrix composite of the present invention contains 7-9 atomic% aluminum, 11-13 atomic% sodium, and 79-81 atomic% oxygen.
本発明の一実施例において、アルミニウム基複合材料は、8atomic%のアルミニウムと、12atomic%のナトリウムと、80atomic%の酸素とを含む。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum based composite material includes 8 atomic% aluminum, 12 atomic% sodium, and 80 atomic% oxygen.
本発明の一実施例において、アルミニウム基複合材料は、セラミック材料をさらに含み、アルミニウム基複合材料におけるアルミニウムの含有量が2〜3wt%であり、ナトリウムの含有量が3.5〜5wt%であり、酸素の含有量が26〜27wt%であり、セラミック材料の含有量が65〜68wt%である。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite material further includes a ceramic material, the aluminum content in the aluminum-based composite material is 2-3 wt%, the sodium content is 3.5-5 wt%, oxygen The content of is 26 to 27 wt%, and the content of the ceramic material is 65 to 68 wt%.
本発明の一実施例において、セラミック材料の硬度は、アルミニウムの硬度よりも大きい。 In one embodiment of the invention, the hardness of the ceramic material is greater than the hardness of aluminum.
本発明の一実施例において、セラミック材料は、炭化シリコン(Silicon carbide)、タングステンカーバイド(Tungsten carbide)、炭化ホウ素(Boron carbide)、炭化ジルコニウム(Zirconium carbide)、炭化チタン(Titanium carbide)、炭化ベリリウム(Beryllium carbide)、ホウ化ジルコニウム(Zirconium boride)、二ホウ化チタン(Titanium diboride)、二ホウ化レニウム(Rhenium diboride)、ホウ化アルミニウム(Aluminum boride)、酸化アルミニウム(Aluminium oxide)、窒化ホウ素(Boron nitride)、ダイヤモンド、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれる。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material may be silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide ( Beryllium carbide), Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Boron nitride ), Diamond, and combinations thereof.
本発明のアルミニウム基構造は、アルミニウム基金属で構成されるアルミニウム基基材と、アルミニウム基基材内に設けられているアルミニウム基複合材料とを含む。アルミニウム基複合材料は、7〜9atomic%のアルミニウムと、11〜13atomic%のナトリウムと、79〜81atomic%の酸素とを含む。 The aluminum-based structure of the present invention includes an aluminum-based substrate composed of an aluminum-based metal and an aluminum-based composite material provided in the aluminum-based substrate. The aluminum matrix composite contains 7-9 atomic% aluminum, 11-13 atomic% sodium, and 79-81 atomic% oxygen.
本発明の一実施例において、アルミニウム基複合材料は、8atomic%のアルミニウムと、12atomic%のナトリウムと、80atomic%の酸素とを含む。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum based composite material includes 8 atomic% aluminum, 12 atomic% sodium, and 80 atomic% oxygen.
本発明の一実施例において、アルミニウム基複合材料は、セラミック材料をさらに含み、アルミニウム基複合材料におけるアルミニウムの含有量が2〜3wt%であり、ナトリウムの含有量が3.5〜5wt%であり、酸素の含有量が26〜27wt%であり、セラミック材料の含有量が65〜68wt%である。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite material further includes a ceramic material, the aluminum content in the aluminum-based composite material is 2-3 wt%, the sodium content is 3.5-5 wt%, oxygen The content of is 26 to 27 wt%, and the content of the ceramic material is 65 to 68 wt%.
本発明の一実施例において、セラミック材料の硬度は、アルミニウムの硬度よりも大きい。 In one embodiment of the invention, the hardness of the ceramic material is greater than the hardness of aluminum.
本発明の一実施例において、セラミック材料は、炭化シリコン(Silicon carbide)、タングステンカーバイド(Tungsten carbide)、炭化ホウ素(Boron carbide)、炭化ジルコニウム(Zirconium carbide)、炭化チタン(Titanium carbide)、炭化ベリリウム(Beryllium carbide)、ホウ化ジルコニウム(Zirconium boride)、二ホウ化チタン(Titanium diboride)、二ホウ化レニウム(Rhenium diboride)、ホウ化アルミニウム(Aluminum boride)、酸化アルミニウム(Aluminium oxide)、窒化ホウ素(Boron nitride)、ダイヤモンド、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれる。 In one embodiment of the present invention, the ceramic material may be silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide ( Beryllium carbide), Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Boron nitride ), Diamond, and combinations thereof.
本発明のアルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法は、ホウ砂でアルミニウム基金属の表面を覆い、アルミニウム基金属をホウ砂の融点を超えるように加熱することである。そのうち、ホウ砂の融点は743℃である。そのうち、アルミニウム基金属は、アルミニウム金属、あるいはアルミ合金であってよい。 The manufacturing method of the aluminum-based composite material of the present invention is to cover the surface of the aluminum base metal with borax and to heat the aluminum base metal so as to exceed the melting point of borax. Among them, the melting point of borax is 743 ° C. Among them, the aluminum base metal may be an aluminum metal or an aluminum alloy.
より具体的には、ホウ砂を、アルミニウム、アルミ合金又は/及びこれらの組合せで構成されるアルミニウム基金属に平坦に敷き、例えば高温炉内の高温環境に置いて743℃を超えるように加熱することにより、ホウ砂とアルミニウムを反応させて強化相を形成する。反応の過程において、不活性ガス(例えばアルゴン)による保護の有無にかかわらず、反応が進行できる。換言すれば、以上の本発明のアルミニウム基金属の処理方法は、酸素が存在する環境下で行うことができる。 More specifically, borax is laid flat on an aluminum base metal composed of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, and / or a combination thereof, and heated, for example, in a high temperature environment in a high temperature furnace to exceed 743 ° C. As a result, borax and aluminum are reacted to form a strengthening phase. In the course of the reaction, the reaction can proceed with or without protection by an inert gas (eg, argon). In other words, the above-described method for treating an aluminum-based metal according to the present invention can be performed in an environment where oxygen is present.
別の角度から見れば、上記のアルミニウム基複合材料の製造方法は、実質的にアルミニウム基金属の処理方法である。図1に示す光学顕微鏡による写真(VHX-5000、Keyence社、アメリカ)において、明るい領域は本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウムであり、暗い領域は本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウムである。そのうち、図面における明るい領域のうちの数字1、2、3、4で示す箇所及び暗い領域のうちの数字5、6、7、8で示す箇所について、ナノインデンター(Nanoindenters)(Nanoindenter XP、MTS社、アメリカ)を使用して、硬度及びヤング率の測定を行い、結果は下記の表1のとおりである。 Viewed from another angle, the above-described method for producing an aluminum-based composite material is substantially a method for treating an aluminum-based metal. In the photo by the optical microscope shown in FIG. 1 (VHX-5000, Keyence, USA), the bright area is aluminum that has not been treated by the method of the present invention, and the dark area is aluminum that has been treated by the method of the present invention. . Among them, the nanoindenters (Nanoindenter XP, MTS) for the locations indicated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the bright region and the locations indicated by the numbers 5, 6, 7, and 8 in the dark region Co., USA) was used to measure hardness and Young's modulus, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
表1から分かるように、本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウムの機械的強度は、明らかに本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウムよりも優れた。より具体的には、本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウムでは、数字5、6、7、8で示す箇所におけるベルコヴィッチ硬度の平均値が4.59Gpa((4.13+4.33+5.01+4.89)/4=4.59)であり、ヤング率の平均値が126.98Gpa((124.4+122.2+132.8+128.5)/4=126.98)である。それに対して、本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウムでは、数字1、2、3、4で示す箇所におけるベルコヴィッチ硬度の平均値が0.6Gpa((0.534+0.677+0.655+0.534)/4=0.6)であり、ヤング率の平均値が75.2Gpa((71.42+79.19+73.35+76.84)/4=75.2)である。即ち、本発明の方法で処理された後に、アルミニウムのベルコヴィッチ硬度及びヤング率は、それぞれ元の値の7.65倍及び1.68倍まで向上した。 As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical strength of the aluminum treated with the method of the present invention was clearly superior to the aluminum not treated with the method of the present invention. More specifically, in the aluminum treated by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Belkovic hardness at locations indicated by the numbers 5, 6, 7, and 8 is 4.59 Gpa ((4.13 + 4.33 + 5.01 + 4.89) / 4 = 4.59), and the average Young's modulus is 126.98 Gpa ((124.4 + 122.2 + 132.8 + 128.5) /4=126.98). On the other hand, in the case of aluminum that has not been treated by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Belkovic hardness at the locations indicated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 is 0.6 Gpa ((0.534 + 0.677 + 0.655 + 0.534) / 4 = 0.6), and the average Young's modulus is 75.2 Gpa ((71.42 + 79.19 + 73.35 + 76.84) /4=75.2). That is, after being processed by the method of the present invention, the Belkovic hardness and Young's modulus of aluminum were improved to 7.65 times and 1.68 times the original values, respectively.
5083アルミ合金についても、前記ベルコヴィッチ硬度及びヤング率の測定を行い、その結果を表2に示す。 The 5083 aluminum alloy was also measured for the Belkovic hardness and Young's modulus, and the results are shown in Table 2.
表2から分かるように、本発明の方法で処理された5083アルミ合金の機械的強度は、明らかに本発明の方法で処理されていない5083アルミ合金よりも優れた。より具体的には、本発明の方法で処理された5083アルミ合金では、数字5、6、7、8で示す箇所におけるベルコヴィッチ硬度の平均値が5.02Gpa((4.87+5.22+4.98+5.01)/4=5.02)であり、ヤング率の平均値が126.2Gpa((125.8+131.4+121.5+126.1)/4=126.2)である。それに対して、本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウムでは、数字1、2、3、4で示す箇所におけるベルコヴィッチ硬度の平均値が1.08Gpa((1.081+1.121+0.983+1.122)/4=1.08)であり、ヤング率の平均値が71.96Gpa((72.33+71.88+73.54+70.09)/4=71.95)である。即ち、本発明の方法で処理された後に、5083アルミ合金のベルコヴィッチ硬度及びヤング率は、それぞれ元の値の4.65倍及び1.37倍まで向上した。 As can be seen from Table 2, the mechanical strength of the 5083 aluminum alloy treated by the method of the present invention was clearly superior to the 5083 aluminum alloy not treated by the method of the present invention. More specifically, in the 5083 aluminum alloy processed by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Belkovic hardness at the locations indicated by the numbers 5, 6, 7, and 8 is 5.02 Gpa ((4.87 + 5.22 + 4.98 + 5.01). ) /4=5.02), and the average Young's modulus is 126.2 GPa ((125.8 + 131.4 + 121.5 + 126.1) /4=126.2). On the other hand, in the case of aluminum that has not been treated by the method of the present invention, the average value of the Belkovic hardness at the locations indicated by the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 is 1.08 Gpa ((1.081 + 1.121 + 0.983 + 1.122) / 4 = 1.08), and the average Young's modulus is 71.96 Gpa ((72.33 + 71.88 + 73.54 + 70.09) /4=71.95). That is, after being processed by the method of the present invention, the Berkovich hardness and Young's modulus of the 5083 aluminum alloy were improved to 4.65 times and 1.37 times the original values, respectively.
これによって、本発明の方法によれば、アルミニウム基金属を、高い機械的強度を有するアルミニウム基複合材料に製造することができる。あるいは、別の角度から見れば、アルミニウム基金属の機械的強度を向上させることができる。 Thus, according to the method of the present invention, the aluminum-based metal can be produced into an aluminum-based composite material having high mechanical strength. Alternatively, when viewed from another angle, the mechanical strength of the aluminum base metal can be improved.
他方、本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウム基金属と本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウム基金属との間は、良好な相溶性を有する。さらには、図2に示す光学顕微鏡による写真図には、本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウムの横断面を示す。この図から、本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウムと本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウムは互いに隙間なく接続することが見られ、それらは、良好な相溶性を有し、かつ界面結合が良好であることが分かる。 On the other hand, the aluminum base metal treated by the method of the present invention and the aluminum base metal not treated by the method of the present invention have good compatibility. Furthermore, the photograph taken with the optical microscope shown in FIG. 2 shows a cross section of aluminum treated by the method of the present invention. From this figure, it can be seen that the aluminum treated by the method of the present invention and the aluminum not treated by the method of the present invention are connected to each other without gaps, and they have good compatibility and interface bonding. It turns out that it is favorable.
図3に示すような走査型電子顕微鏡による画像(Nova 230 Variable Pressure SEM (VP-SEM) (at 10 kV accelerating voltage)、FEI社、アメリカ)において、暗い領域は本発明の方法で処理されていないアルミニウムであり、明るい領域は本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウムである。明るい領域に対して元素分析を行ったところ、図4A〜4Cに示す結果が得られた。そのうち、それぞれ図4A、4B及び4Cから、明るい領域は約8atomic%のアルミニウムと、約12atomic%のナトリウムと、約80atomic%の酸素とを含むことが分かる。さらには、本発明の方法で処理されたアルミニウム基金属は、好ましい機械的強度を有するアルミニウム基複合材料である。そのうち、アルミニウム基複合材料は、7〜9atomic%のアルミニウムと、11〜13atomic%のナトリウムと、79〜81atomic%の酸素とを含み、好ましくは、約8atomic%のアルミニウムと、約12atomic%のナトリウムと、約80atomic%の酸素とを含む。 In a scanning electron microscope image as shown in FIG. 3 (Nova 230 Variable Pressure SEM (VP-SEM) (at 10 kV accelerating voltage), FEI, USA), dark areas are not processed by the method of the present invention. The bright areas are aluminum which has been treated with the method of the present invention. When elemental analysis was performed on the bright region, the results shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B and 4C respectively, it can be seen that the bright region contains about 8 atomic% aluminum, about 12 atomic% sodium, and about 80 atomic% oxygen. Furthermore, the aluminum-based metal treated by the method of the present invention is an aluminum-based composite material having favorable mechanical strength. Among them, the aluminum-based composite material includes 7-9 atomic% aluminum, 11-13 atomic% sodium, and 79-81 atomic% oxygen, and preferably about 8 atomic% aluminum and about 12 atomic% sodium. About 80 atomic% oxygen.
図4Dに示すような走査型電子顕微鏡による画像(Nova 230 Variable Pressure SEM (VP-SEM) (at 10 kV accelerating voltage)、FEI社、アメリカ)において、暗い領域は本発明の方法で処理されていない5083アルミ合金であり、明るい領域は本発明の方法で処理された5083アルミ合金である。明るい領域に対して元素分析を行ったところ、図4E〜4Hに示すような結果が得られた。そのうち、それぞれ図4E、4F、4G及び4Hから、明るい領域は約12atomic%のナトリウムと、約8atomic%のマグネシウムと、約7atomic%のアルミニウムと、約73atomic%の酸素とを含むことが分かる。 In a scanning electron microscope image (Nova 230 Variable Pressure SEM (VP-SEM) (at 10 kV accelerating voltage), FEI, USA) as shown in FIG. 4D, dark areas are not treated with the method of the present invention. 5083 aluminum alloy, bright areas are 5083 aluminum alloy treated by the method of the present invention. When elemental analysis was performed on a bright region, results as shown in FIGS. 4E, 4F, 4G, and 4H respectively, it can be seen that the bright region contains about 12 atomic% sodium, about 8 atomic% magnesium, about 7 atomic% aluminum, and about 73 atomic% oxygen.
別の実施例において、ホウ砂をセラミック材料と混合してから、アルミニウム基金属の表面を覆い、743℃を超えるように加熱する。より具体的には、例えば硬度及びヤング率などの機械的強度をさらに向上させるために、ホウ砂に強度のより高い(例えば硬度がアルミニウムよりも高い)セラミック材料を混合することができる。そのうち、セラミック材料は、炭化シリコン(Silicon carbide)、タングステンカーバイド(Tungsten carbide)、炭化ホウ素(Boron carbide)、炭化ジルコニウム(Zirconium carbide)、炭化チタン(Titanium carbide)、炭化ベリリウム(Beryllium carbide)、ホウ化ジルコニウム(Zirconium boride)、二ホウ化チタン(Titanium diboride)、二ホウ化レニウム(Rhenium diboride)、ホウ化アルミニウム(Aluminum boride)、酸化アルミニウム(Aluminium oxide)、窒化ホウ素(Boron nitride)、ダイヤモンド、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれることが好ましい。セラミック材料の含有量は、ホウ砂に対して0.01〜90wt%であり、好ましくは、66wt%のセラミック材料:33%のホウ砂である。 In another embodiment, borax is mixed with the ceramic material and then the aluminum base metal surface is covered and heated to above 743 ° C. More specifically, in order to further improve mechanical strength such as hardness and Young's modulus, ceramic materials having higher strength (for example, hardness higher than aluminum) can be mixed with borax. Among them, ceramic materials include silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide, and boride. Zirconium boride, titanium diboride, rhenium diboride, aluminum boride, aluminum oxide, boron nitride, diamond, and these It is preferably selected from the group consisting of: The content of the ceramic material is 0.01 to 90 wt% with respect to the borax, and preferably 66 wt% ceramic material: 33% borax.
一実施例において、ホウ砂をまず炭化シリコンと混合し、比率は、66wt%の炭化シリコン:33%のホウ砂である。その後、その混合物でアルミ合金の表面を覆い、743℃を超えるように加熱する。図5Aに示すような光学顕微鏡による写真(VHX-5000、Keyence社、アメリカ)において、明るい領域は炭化シリコンであり、暗い領域はホウ砂とアルミニウムとが反応して生成した強化相である。全体に対して機械的強度の測定を行ったところ、その硬度は9.7GPaであり、ヤング率は140GPaであることが分かる。上述したことから分かるように、本発明の方法により、例えば炭化シリコンなどの高強度のセラミック材料をアルミニウム相に侵入させることで、アルミニウム基金属を強化する効果に達することができる。別の実施例における、炭化シリコンが5083アルミ合金複合材料内にある場合、タングステンカーバイドがアルミニウム複合材料内にある場合、炭化チタンが5083アルミ合金複合材料内にある場合、酸化チタンがアルミニウム複合材料内にある場合、及び酸化チタンが5083アルミ合金複合材料内にある場合の光学顕微鏡による写真は、それぞれ図5B〜5Fに示す。 In one embodiment, borax is first mixed with silicon carbide, the ratio being 66 wt% silicon carbide: 33% borax. Thereafter, the surface of the aluminum alloy is covered with the mixture and heated to exceed 743 ° C. In a photograph taken with an optical microscope as shown in FIG. 5A (VHX-5000, Keyence, USA), the bright region is silicon carbide, and the dark region is a strengthened phase formed by the reaction of borax and aluminum. When the mechanical strength of the whole was measured, it was found that its hardness was 9.7 GPa and Young's modulus was 140 GPa. As can be seen from the above, the method of the present invention can reach the effect of strengthening the aluminum-based metal by allowing a high-strength ceramic material such as silicon carbide to enter the aluminum phase. In another embodiment, when silicon carbide is in a 5083 aluminum alloy composite, tungsten carbide is in an aluminum composite, titanium carbide is in a 5083 aluminum alloy composite, titanium oxide is in an aluminum composite. 5B to 5F, respectively, are photographs taken with an optical microscope in the case of the above and in the case where the titanium oxide is in the 5083 aluminum alloy composite material.
さらには、ホウ砂を、セラミック材料と混合してから、アルミニウム基金属の表面を覆い、743℃を超えるように加熱することで、好ましい機械的強度を有する、セラミック材料を含むアルミニウム基複合材料を得ることができる。そのうち、セラミック材料は、炭化シリコン(Silicon carbide)、タングステンカーバイド(Tungsten carbide)、炭化ホウ素(Boron carbide)、炭化ジルコニウム(Zirconium carbide)、炭化チタン(Titanium carbide)、炭化ベリリウム(Beryllium carbide)、ホウ化ジルコニウム(Zirconium boride)、二ホウ化チタン(Titanium diboride)、二ホウ化レニウム(Rhenium diboride)、ホウ化アルミニウム(Aluminum boride)、酸化アルミニウム(Aluminium oxide)、酸化チタン(Titanium oxide)、窒化ホウ素(Boron nitride)、ダイヤモンド、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選ばれることが好ましい。セラミック材料の含有量は、ホウ砂に対して0.01〜90wt%であり、好ましくは、66wt%のセラミック材料:33%のホウ砂である。 Furthermore, the borax is mixed with the ceramic material, and then the surface of the aluminum base metal is covered and heated to exceed 743 ° C., whereby an aluminum base composite material including the ceramic material having a preferable mechanical strength is obtained. Can be obtained. Among them, ceramic materials include silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, zirconium carbide, titanium carbide, beryllium carbide, and boride. Zirconium boride, Titanium diboride, Rhenium diboride, Aluminum boride, Aluminum oxide, Titanium oxide, Boron nitride nitride), diamond, and combinations thereof. The content of the ceramic material is 0.01 to 90 wt% with respect to the borax, and preferably 66 wt% ceramic material: 33% borax.
前記アルミニウム基複合材料は、アルミニウム基基材に埋め込まれてアルミニウム基構造を形成することができる。より具体的には、アルミニウム基構造は、アルミニウム基金属で構成されるアルミニウム基基材と、アルミニウム基基材内に設けられているアルミニウム基複合材料とを含む。換言すれば、アルミニウム基金属で構成されるアルミニウム基基材が多層式強化構造を挟んでいる。図6に示す実施例において、アルミニウム基構造は、単層のアルミニウム基複合材料を有し、アルミニウム基複合材料が、二つのアルミニウム金属層の間に挟設されている。しかしながら、別の実施例において、アルミニウム基構造は、単層のアルミニウム基複合材料のみを有することに限らず、アルミニウム基複合材料は、二つのアルミニウム金属層の間に挟設されていることに限らない。 The aluminum matrix composite can be embedded in an aluminum matrix substrate to form an aluminum matrix structure. More specifically, the aluminum-based structure includes an aluminum-based substrate composed of an aluminum-based metal and an aluminum-based composite material provided in the aluminum-based substrate. In other words, an aluminum-based substrate composed of an aluminum-based metal sandwiches the multilayer reinforced structure. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the aluminum base structure has a single layer aluminum base composite material, and the aluminum base composite material is sandwiched between two aluminum metal layers. However, in another embodiment, the aluminum-based structure is not limited to having only a single layer of aluminum-based composite material, and the aluminum-based composite material is not limited to being sandwiched between two aluminum metal layers. Absent.
アルミニウム金属(No layer)、単層のアルミニウム基複合材料を有するアルミニウム基構造(1 layer)及び4層のアルミニウム基複合材料を有するアルミニウム基構造(4 layers)に対して3点曲げ試験を行ってその曲げ強度を評価する。そのうち、曲げ試験は、曲げ強度試験機(Instron 5900、Instron社、アメリカ)を使用して行われ、条件は、押し下げ速度が3×10-4in/秒であり、両点の間隔が6mmである。結果は図7に示すとおりである。図7から分かるように、4層のアルミニウム基複合材料を有するアルミニウム基構造の曲げ強度は、明らかにアルミニウム金属の曲げ強度よりも大きく、単層のアルミニウム基複合材料を有するアルミニウム基構造の曲げ強度も、アルミニウム金属の曲げ強度よりも僅かに大きい。これによって、本発明のアルミニウム基構造は、アルミニウム金属に比べ、好ましい強度を有する。 Three-point bending test was carried out on aluminum metal (No layer), aluminum base structure (1 layer) with single layer aluminum base composite and aluminum base structure (4 layers) with 4 layers of aluminum base composite The bending strength is evaluated. Among them, the bending test is performed using a bending strength tester (Instron 5900, Instron, USA). The condition is that the push-down speed is 3 × 10 −4 in / sec and the distance between both points is 6 mm. is there. The results are as shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the bending strength of the aluminum-based structure with the four-layered aluminum-based composite material is clearly greater than the bending strength of the aluminum metal, and the bending strength of the aluminum-based structure with the single-layered aluminum-based composite material Is slightly larger than the bending strength of aluminum metal. As a result, the aluminum-based structure of the present invention has a preferred strength compared to aluminum metal.
前記の説明及び図面により既に本発明の好ましい実施例を開示したが、各種の追加、多くの修正及び置換が本発明の好ましい実施例に使用可能であり、添付の特許請求の範囲によって限定されるような本発明の原理の趣旨及び範囲を逸脱することがないことを理解しなければならない。本発明の属する技術の分野における通常の知識を有する者は、本発明が多くの形式、構造、配置、割合、材料、部品及びパッケージの修正に使用可能であることが分かる。したがって、本明細書に開示した実施例は、本発明を限定するためのものではなく、本発明を説明するためのものと見なされるべきである。本発明の範囲は以下の添付の特許請求の範囲によって限定されるべきであり、その合法的な均等物を含み、以上の説明に限らない。
Although the foregoing description and drawings have already disclosed preferred embodiments of the invention, various additions, many modifications and substitutions may be used in the preferred embodiments of the invention and are limited by the scope of the appended claims. It should be understood that no departure from the spirit and scope of such principles of the invention may be made. Those having ordinary skill in the art of the present invention will find that the present invention can be used to modify many forms, structures, arrangements, proportions, materials, parts and packages. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be construed as limiting the invention, but are to be construed as illustrative of the invention. The scope of the present invention should be limited by the following appended claims, including their legal equivalents, and not limited to the above description.
Claims (16)
11〜13atomic%のナトリウムと、
79〜81atomic%の酸素と、
を含むアルミニウム基複合材料。 With 7-9 atomic% aluminum,
11-13 atomic% sodium,
79-81 atomic% oxygen,
Aluminum based composite material containing
アルミニウムの含有量が2〜3wt%であり、
ナトリウムの含有量が3.5〜5wt%であり、
酸素の含有量が26〜27wt%であり、
セラミック材料の含有量が65〜68wt%である請求項7に記載のアルミニウム基複合材料。 Further comprising a ceramic material,
The aluminum content is 2-3 wt%,
The content of sodium is 3.5-5 wt%,
The oxygen content is 26-27 wt%,
8. The aluminum-based composite material according to claim 7, wherein the content of the ceramic material is 65 to 68 wt%.
当該アルミニウム基基材内に設けられているアルミニウム基複合材料と、を含み、
当該アルミニウム基複合材料は、
7〜9atomic%のアルミニウムと、
11〜13atomic%のナトリウムと、
79〜81atomic%の酸素とを含むアルミニウム基構造。 An aluminum-based substrate composed of an aluminum-based metal;
An aluminum-based composite material provided in the aluminum-based substrate,
The aluminum matrix composite is
With 7-9 atomic% aluminum,
11-13 atomic% sodium,
Aluminum-based structure containing 79-81 atomic% oxygen.
アルミニウムの含有量が2〜3wt%であり、
ナトリウムの含有量が3.5〜5wt%であり、
酸素の含有量が26〜27wt%であり、
セラミック材料の含有量が65〜68wt%である請求項12に記載のアルミニウム基構造。 The aluminum matrix composite further includes a ceramic material, wherein in the aluminum matrix composite:
The aluminum content is 2-3 wt%,
The content of sodium is 3.5-5 wt%,
The oxygen content is 26-27 wt%,
13. The aluminum base structure according to claim 12, wherein the content of the ceramic material is 65 to 68 wt%.
The ceramic materials are Silicon carbide, Tungsten carbide, Boron carbide, Zirconium carbide, Titanium carbide, Beryllium carbide, Zirconium boride (Zirconium boride), titanium diboride, rhenium diboride, aluminum boride, aluminum oxide, boron nitride, diamond, and these 15. The aluminum-based structure according to claim 14, selected from the group consisting of combinations.
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JPS62250162A (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-10-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Noble metal coating method |
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