JP2018089076A - forceps - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide forceps which are compact and can apply large force.SOLUTION: Forceps 1 are configured to open and close a movable distal end part 3 relative to a fixed distal end part 2 and include: a moving part 5 moved between a first position where the movable distal end part 3 is opened and a second position where the movable distal end part is closed on a fixing part 4 having the fixed distal end part 2; and a rotating part 7 which has the movable distal end part 3 and rotates by the movement of the moving part 5. The moving part 5 has a moving part side protrusion 12 of an arc shape for rotating the rotating part 7 by the movement, and the rotating part 7 has a rotating part side recess 15 which fits on the moving part side protrusion 12 and slides mutually with the moving part side protrusion 12 in association with the movement of the moving part 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a forceps whose movable tip is opened and closed with respect to a fixed tip.

  Conventionally, a forceps used while opening and closing a movable tip with respect to a fixed tip is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The forceps described in Patent Document 1 includes a gripping portion provided at the distal end of a long rod-shaped main body and an operation portion provided on the rear end side of the rod-shaped main body for controlling opening and closing of the gripping portion.

  The gripping portion has a pair of gripping members, one gripping member is fixed to the rod-shaped main body and functions as the fixed tip portion, and the other gripping member performs an opening / closing operation as the movable tip portion. It is configured as follows. The other gripping member is rotatably supported by a rotation shaft provided below the distal end portion of the rod-shaped main body at the lower portion of the rear end portion.

  Furthermore, a long hole is provided in the upper part of the rear end portion of the other gripping member, and a pivot pin is inserted into the long hole, and the other gripping member is inserted into the tip of the drive member by the pivot pin. It is connected so that rotation is possible.

  When the driving member is in its frontmost position, the two gripping members are closed with their opposing gripping surfaces in contact with each other, but when the driving member moves to the rear end side, the other gripping member A rotating pin inserted through a long hole provided in the upper part of the rear end portion pushes the rear end side inner peripheral surface of the long hole rearward. As a result, the other gripping member rotates and opens.

Utility Model Registration No. 3110334

  However, according to the forceps of Patent Document 1, the rotating gripping member is connected to both the rod-shaped main body and the driving member by a rotating shaft and a rotating pin, respectively. For this reason, when it is necessary to apply a large force to the gripping member to close the gripping member, a large force may be applied to damage either the rotating shaft or the rotating pin.

  On the other hand, in order to avoid such a situation, if the diameter of the rotation shaft or the rotation pin is increased, the forceps become thick, which may cause inconvenience in a procedure in a narrow surgical field. Therefore, the forceps of Patent Document 1 require a large force for resection, such as meniscus resection performed under an arthroscope, and are not suitable for surgery performed in a narrow surgical field.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a forceps that is compact and capable of applying a large force in view of the problems of the prior art.

The forceps according to the first invention are:
A forceps whose movable tip is opened and closed with respect to the fixed tip,
A fixed portion having the fixed tip portion;
A rotating shaft supported by the fixed portion behind the fixed tip portion;
On the fixed portion, a moving portion that is moved between a first position where the movable tip portion is open and a second position closer to the tip than the first position where the movable tip portion is closed; ,
A movable portion having the movable tip portion, the pivot shaft penetrating behind the movable tip portion, and a pivot portion rotating around the pivot shaft by the movement of the moving portion;
The moving part is a moving part side ridge or moving part side having an arc shape that is convex or recessed in a direction parallel to the rotation axis for causing the rotation of the rotating part by the movement of the moving part. Provide a concave strip at the tip,
The center of the arc shape is located on the opposite side of the rotating shaft across the moving part side convex line or the moving part side concave line,
The rotating part is fitted to the moving part side ridge or the moving part side ridge, and slides with the moving part side ridge or the moving part side groove as the moving part moves. The rotating part side concave line or the rotating part side convex line is provided behind the movable tip part.

  According to the first invention, the force for moving the moving part is for turning the rotating part via the moving part-side ridges or ridges and the rotating part-side ridges or ridges having an arc shape. When the force is transmitted to the rotating unit, the rotating unit is rotated and the movable tip is opened and closed. For this reason, compared with the case where transmission of the force between a moving part and a rotation part is performed via a rotation pin like before, a load of big force is applied to the member of a convex strip and a concave strip part which transmits force. A greater force can be transmitted without application.

  Moreover, the center of the arc shape of the moving part side ridges or ridges and the rotating part side ridges or ridges is located on the opposite side of the rotation axis across the ridges and ridges. Therefore, the size in the direction from the rotating shaft toward the moving part side ridge or ridge and the rotating part side ridge or ridge can be kept compact while achieving transmission of the larger force described above. . Thereby, the diameter of a rotating shaft can be enlarged more and the intensity | strength and durability of this rotating shaft can also be improved.

  Accordingly, it is possible to provide a forceps that requires a large gripping force and a compact forceps that can be used with a large force and that can be used without any problem even in a narrow surgical field and that can apply a large force.

The forceps according to the second invention are the first invention,
The rotating part is provided behind the movable tip part, and has a rear end plate through which the rotating shaft passes,
The rear end plate has the rotating part side concave line or the rotating part side convex line on both sides or one side thereof,
The tip of the moving part is provided with a recess opened in the tip direction, or a tip plate having one side facing the one side,
The inner wall on both sides of the recess is provided with the moving part side ridges or the moving part side ridges corresponding to the rotating part side ridges or the rotating part side ridges on both sides of the rear end plate, or One side of the front end plate is provided with the moving part side convex line or the moving part side concave line corresponding to the rotating part side concave line or the rotating part side convex line on one side of the rear end plate. And

  According to the second aspect of the invention, when the rear end plate has the rotating part side recesses or ridges on both surfaces, a larger force for rotating the rotating part can be transferred from the moving part to the rotating part without hindrance. Can communicate. On the other hand, in the case where the rear end plate has a rotating portion side concave line or convex line only on one surface, the size of the forceps in the direction perpendicular to the rear end plate can be reduced.

The forceps according to the third invention are the second invention,
The fixed portion includes a guide portion that guides the moving portion so that the moving portion can move between the first position and the second position.
The guide portion includes a guide groove provided along the length direction of the fixed portion and having a U-shaped cross section.
The moving part is accommodated in the guide groove and guided along the guide groove,
The guide groove has a front end opened in a tip direction and faces the surface of the fixed tip portion on the movable tip portion side,
The fixed portion has both side walls that support both ends of the rotating shaft,
The front end portion of the guide groove is configured with an accommodating portion for accommodating the rear end plate together with the both side walls.

  According to the third invention, the moving part and the rotating part side concave or convex part of the rear end plate and the part of the rear end plate on the rotating shaft side are inserted into the guide groove and the storage part of the fixed part, By passing the rotating shaft through the end plate and the fixing portion, a forceps that can be easily assembled and can be easily disassembled by the reverse operation can be easily configured. That is, a forceps that is easy to maintain can be easily configured.

The forceps according to the fourth invention are any one of the first to third inventions,
In the state where the movable tip portion is closed, the range of the rotation shaft in the front-rear direction when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the rotation shaft and the movement portion is the rotation portion side recess or It is included in the existence range on the rear end side of the rotating portion side ridge.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the variation in the distance between the tip of the moving part and the fixed part that occurs while the movable tip is opened and closed.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the forceps concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. 2A is a front view of a fixing portion of the forceps in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a plan view thereof. 3A is a front view of the forceps moving portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3B is a plan view thereof. 4A is a front view of a rotating portion of the forceps of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a plan view thereof. It is a front view of the whole including the operation part of the forceps of FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an open state of the forceps of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a closed state. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of the forceps concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the forceps 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured to be able to open and close the movable tip 3 relative to the fixed tip 2. The forceps 1 is preferably used for meniscus resection performed under an arthroscope, and the fixed tip 2 and the movable tip 3 are designed for meniscus resection.

  The forceps 1 has a fixed portion 4 having the above-mentioned fixed tip portion 2 at the tip, a moving portion 5 guided so as to move in the length direction on the fixed portion 4, and the above-mentioned movable tip portion 3. And a rotating portion 7 that is supported by the fixing portion 4 via the shaft hole 17 and the rotating shaft 6 so as to be rotatable. The fixed portion 4, the moving portion 5, and the rotating portion 7 have a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the outer shape on the distal end side of the forceps 1 in a state where the movable distal end portion 3 is closed by combining these has a substantially rectangular shape. It has a cross-sectional shape.

  The moving part 5 is guided on the fixed part 4 so as to be able to move between the first position P1 (see FIG. 6A) and the second position P2 (see FIG. 6B) on the tip side. The forceps 1 is configured such that the movable tip 3 is opened when the moving unit 5 is moved to the first position P1, and the movable tip 3 is closed when the moving unit 5 is moved to the second position P2. Composed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the fixing unit 4 includes a guide unit 8 that guides the moving unit 5 so that the moving unit 5 can move between the first position P1 and the second position P2. The guide portion 8 is opened upward in FIG. 2A and is constituted by a guide groove 9 having a U-shaped cross section. The guide groove 9 has a bottom surface that is substantially at the same level as the top surface of the fixed tip 2. The moving part 5 has a cross-sectional shape that can be accommodated in the guide groove 9 and is guided along the guide groove 9.

  The distal end of the guide groove 9 is open to the fixed distal end portion 2 side, and faces the upper surface of the fixed distal end portion 2 (surface on the movable distal end portion 3 side). In a state where the moving unit 5 is guided by the fixed unit 4, the upper surfaces of the moving unit 5 and the fixed unit 4 are located at substantially the same level.

  The distal end surface 8 a of the guide portion 8 is an arc-shaped surface (partial cylindrical surface) that is substantially centered on the central axis of the rotation shaft 6. A stepped surface 3a at a rear end of the movable front end 3 of the rotating portion 7 and connected to a rear end plate 14 to be described later with a step is an arcuate surface corresponding to the front end surface 8a of the guide 8. It has become.

  A portion of the fixed portion 4 adjacent to the rear of the fixed front end portion 2 includes a front end portion of the guide groove 9 and a groove-shaped portion formed below the guide groove 9, and a rear end portion (described later). A receiving part 10 for receiving the rear end plate 14) is formed. That is, the fixed portion 4 has both side walls that support both ends of the rotating shaft 6, and the front end portion of the guide groove 9 constitutes the accommodating portion 10 together with the both side walls.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the distal end portion of the moving portion 5 is a slit-like concave portion 11 opened to the distal end side, and the moving portion-side convex strip having an arc shape on the inner walls on both sides of the concave portion 11. 12 is provided. The arc-shaped side surfaces (arc surfaces) on both sides of each moving part-side ridge 12 become arc-shaped driving sliding surfaces 13 for converting the moving motion of the moving unit 5 into the rotating motion of the rotating unit 7. ing. The center of this circular arc is located substantially at the same level as the upper end surface of the moving unit 5.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the rotating portion 7 has a rear end plate 14 that is adjacent to the rear end side of the movable front end portion 3 and is accommodated in the accommodating portion 10 of the fixed portion 4. On both sides of the rear end plate 14, there are provided arcuate rotating portion side recesses 15 that fit and slide on the moving portion side protrusions 12 of the moving portion 5. Inner walls on both sides of the rotating portion side recess 15 are driven sliding surfaces 16 corresponding to the driving sliding surfaces 13 of the moving portion 5.

  A shaft hole 17 through which the rotation shaft 6 for rotatably supporting the rotation portion 7 by the above-described fixing portion 4 is provided below the rotation portion side recess 15 in the rear end plate 14. . When viewed in the direction perpendicular to the contact surface 18 that contacts the fixed tip 2 of the movable tip 3 in the closed state (the direction of movement of the moving part 5 and the direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 6), The existence range of the moving shaft 6) is included in the existence range W on the rear end side of the moving part side ridge 12 or the rotating part side ridge 15.

  As shown in FIG. 5, opening and closing of the movable tip 3 with respect to the fixed tip 2 is performed by operating the operation unit 20. The operation unit 20 includes a fixed lever 21 fixed to the rear end portion of the fixed portion 4 and a movable lever 22 having an action point as an upper end portion rotatably connected to the rear end portion of the moving unit 5.

  The fulcrum of the movable lever 22 is rotatably connected to the fixed lever 21. A leaf spring 23 is provided between the fixed lever 21 and the movable lever 22 to urge the movable lever 22 so that the moving part 5 is positioned at the first position P1 and to keep the movable tip 3 open. It is done.

  The forceps 1 is configured such that the moving part 5 is inserted into the guide groove 9 and the accommodating part 10 of the fixing part 4 in a state where the moving part side convex line 12 of the moving part 5 is fitted to the rotating part side concave line 15 of the rotating part 7. And inserting the rotating shaft 6 into the rear end plate 14 and the shaft hole 17 of the fixing portion 4 easily. It is constructed so that it can be assembled and easily disassembled by the reverse operation.

  In this configuration, when the movable tip portion 3 is in the open state, as shown in FIG. 6A, the moving portion 5 is located at the first position P1 on the rear end side. That is, the moving unit 5 is connected to the rear end of the rotating unit 7 via the driving sliding surface 13 of the moving unit side ridge 12 and the driven sliding surface 16 of the rotating unit side ridge 15 of the rotating unit 7. The plate 14 is positioned at a rear position corresponding to the first position P1.

  At this time, when the operation unit 20 is operated so that the movable lever 22 rotates toward the fixed lever 21 against the urging force of the leaf spring 23, the moving unit 5 is moved via the action point of the movable lever 22. Then, it moves toward the second position P2 on the distal end side according to the guide portion 8 of the fixed portion 4. Along with this, the force for moving the moving unit 5 is converted into the force in the rotating direction of the rotating unit 7 via the drive sliding surface 13 and the driven sliding surface 16 and transmitted to the rotating unit 7. The rotating part 7 rotates in the direction in which the movable tip part 3 opens. Accordingly, the center of the arc shape of the driven sliding surface 16 also rotates around the central axis of the rotation shaft 6. In response to this, the relative position between the distal end portion of the moving portion 5 and the fixed portion 4 also varies slightly.

  When the moving part 5 reaches the second position P2, as shown in FIG. 6B, the movable front end part 3 of the rotating part 7 comes into contact with the fixed front end part 2 of the fixed part 4 to be in a closed state. In this state, when the movable lever 22 is further pushed toward the fixed lever 21, a pressure corresponding to the pressing force is applied between the movable tip portion 3 and the fixed tip portion 2. Thereby, a force sufficient to cut the meniscus can be applied between the movable tip 3 and the fixed tip 2.

  Thereafter, by weakening the force of pressing the movable lever 22, the moving portion 5 can be returned to the first position P1 by the urging force of the leaf spring 23, and the movable tip portion 3 can be returned to the open state.

  According to the present embodiment, the movement of the moving unit 5 is converted into the rotating motion around the rotating shaft 6 of the rotating unit 7 through the moving unit side convex strip 12 and the rotating unit side concave strip 15 having an arc shape. Since the force between the moving part and the rotating part is transmitted via the rotating pin as in the prior art, the moving part side convex line 12 and the rotating part side concave line 15 are compared. A larger force can be transmitted from the moving unit 5 to the rotating unit 7 without applying a large load (stress) to the member.

  The center of the arc shape (circular arc surface) of the moving part side ridge 12 and the rotating part side concave line 15 is located between the rotating shaft 6 and the rotating part 6 with the moving part side ridge 12 and the rotating part side groove 15 interposed therebetween. Since it is located on the opposite side, the size in the direction from the rotating shaft 6 toward the moving part side ridges 12 and the rotating part side ridges 15 is kept compact while achieving transmission of the larger force as described above. Can do. Accordingly, the diameter of the rotating shaft 6 can be increased, and the strength and durability can be improved.

  Therefore, the forceps 1 suitable for meniscus resection which is compact and can sufficiently withstand a large pressing force between the movable tip portion 3 and the fixed tip portion 2 can be obtained. That is, it is possible to provide the forceps 1 that requires a large gripping force or a large cutting force and can be used without any trouble even when the surgical field is narrow.

  Further, since the guide portion 8 is constituted by the guide groove 9 and the rear end plate 14 of the rotating portion 7 is accommodated in the accommodation portion 10, the forceps 1 can be easily disassembled and assembled. it can. Thereby, maintenance of forceps 1 becomes easy.

  In addition, when the movable tip 3 is in the closed state, the range in which the rotation shaft 6 exists in the front-rear direction when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the rotation shaft 6 and the movement portion 5 is Since it is included in the existence range on the rear end side of the moving portion side recess 15, it is possible to reduce the variation in the distance between the tip of the moving portion 5 and the fixed portion 4 that occurs while the movable tip portion 3 opens and closes. it can.

  FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the forceps 24 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the rear end plate 26 of the rotating portion 25 of the forceps 24 has a rotating portion-side concave strip 15 having a driven sliding surface 16 on only one side, A tip plate 28 having one side opposite to the one side is provided. On one side of the tip plate 28, a moving portion side ridge 12 having a driving sliding surface 13 corresponding to the driven sliding surface 16 is provided. As the fixed portion 4 and the rotation shaft 6, those having dimensions such as the width of the guide groove 9 smaller than those in the first embodiment are used in accordance with the dimensions of the rotation portion 25 and the movement portion 27. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  According to this, in the case of 1st Embodiment which has the rotation part side recessed strip 15 on both surfaces of the rear-end plate 14, and has two moving part side protruding strips 12 corresponding to the inner wall of the recessed part 11 of the moving part 5. As compared with the above, the size of the forceps 24 in the direction perpendicular to the plate surfaces of the rear end plate 26 and the front end plate 28 can be reduced.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this. For example, instead of providing the rotating part side recess 15 in the rotating part 7 and the moving part side ridge 12 in the moving part 5, the rotating part 7 is provided in the rotating part 7, A moving part side recess may be provided.

  Further, the fixed tip portion 2 and the movable tip portion 3 are not limited to those designed for meniscus resection, but may be designed for gripping or the like. Also in this case, it is possible to provide a forceps that can sufficiently withstand a large gripping force or the like with a compact configuration.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,24 ... Forceps, 2 ... Fixed tip part, 3 ... Movable tip part, 4 ... Fixed part, 5, 27 ... Moving part, 6 ... Rotating shaft, 7, 25 ... Rotating part, 8 ... Guide part, 9 ... Guide grooves, 10 ... accommodating parts, 11 ... recesses, 12 ... moving part side ridges, 13 ... drive sliding surfaces, 14, 26 ... rear end plates, 15 ... rotating part side ridges, 16 ... following sliding Surface, 17 ... shaft hole, 18 ... contact surface, 20 ... operation part, 21 ... fixed lever, 22 ... movable lever, 23 ... plate spring, 28 ... tip plate.

Claims (4)

A forceps whose movable tip is opened and closed with respect to the fixed tip,
A fixed portion having the fixed tip portion;
A rotating shaft supported by the fixed portion behind the fixed tip portion;
On the fixed portion, a moving portion that is moved between a first position where the movable tip portion is open and a second position closer to the tip than the first position where the movable tip portion is closed; ,
A movable portion having the movable tip portion, the pivot shaft penetrating behind the movable tip portion, and a pivot portion rotating around the pivot shaft by the movement of the moving portion;
The moving part is a moving part side ridge or moving part side having an arc shape that is convex or recessed in a direction parallel to the rotation axis for causing the rotation of the rotating part by the movement of the moving part. Provide a concave strip at the tip,
The center of the arc shape is located on the opposite side of the rotating shaft across the moving part side convex line or the moving part side concave line,
The rotating part is fitted to the moving part side ridge or the moving part side ridge, and slides with the moving part side ridge or the moving part side groove as the moving part moves. A forceps having a rotating part side concave line or a rotating part side convex line behind the movable tip part. The rotating part is provided behind the movable tip part, and has a rear end plate through which the rotating shaft passes,
The rear end plate has the rotating part side concave line or the rotating part side convex line on both sides or one side thereof,
The tip of the moving part is provided with a recess opened in the tip direction, or a tip plate having one side facing the one side,
The inner wall on both sides of the recess is provided with the moving part side ridges or the moving part side ridges corresponding to the rotating part side ridges or the rotating part side ridges on both sides of the rear end plate, or One side of the front end plate is provided with the moving part side convex line or the moving part side concave line corresponding to the rotating part side concave line or the rotating part side convex line on one side of the rear end plate. The forceps according to claim 1. The fixed portion includes a guide portion that guides the moving portion so that the moving portion can move between the first position and the second position.
The guide portion includes a guide groove provided along the length direction of the fixed portion and having a U-shaped cross section.
The moving part is accommodated in the guide groove and guided along the guide groove,
The guide groove has a front end opened in a tip direction and faces the surface of the fixed tip portion on the movable tip portion side,
The fixed portion has both side walls that support both ends of the rotating shaft,
The forceps according to claim 2, wherein the front end portion of the guide groove constitutes a housing portion that houses the rear end plate together with the both side walls.   In the state where the movable tip portion is closed, the range of the rotation shaft in the front-rear direction when viewed in the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the rotation shaft and the movement portion is the rotation portion side recess or The forceps according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the forceps are included in an existing range on a rear end side of the rotating portion-side ridge.

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