JP2018086434A - mattress - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mattress that improves stability for a seated position at an end and stability for rising by additionally eliminating a hardness gap, which is a hardness difference between a mattress peripheral edge part and a flexible mattress central part, while imparting rigidity to the mattress peripheral edge part, and that also has an improved structure for making it easy for a user to turn over on the mattress.SOLUTION: A mattress includes a mattress unit having: a central block disposed in a central part of the mattress in a width direction thereof and supporting at least the back and waist of a user in a supine posture; and end blocks arranged at both ends of the mattress in the width direction and supporting at least shoulder parts of the user in a supine posture. The central block is formed so as to be more flexible than an outer peripheral edge part of each end block. The end block is provided with hardness adjustment means that makes an adjustment so as to form a hardness inclination in which the apparent hardness of the end block gradually decreases in a direction in contact with the center block and the apparent hardness in a part in contact with a shoulder part of the user in a supine posture is lower than the apparent hardness of the central block.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a mattress for a bed having body pressure dispersion performance, and more particularly, to a mattress for self-support that enables a user such as a light care recipient to turn over and stably perform rising and getting out of bed.

  In recent years, various bedsore prevention mattresses having an enhanced body pressure dispersion function have been developed in order to prevent the occurrence of bedsores of hospitalized patients and care recipients. However, in general, the bedsore prevention mattress is formed so that the entire mattress is soft in order to obtain a desired body pressure dispersion function, and the user's body tends to sink deeply. Therefore, if a mild care recipient who can get up and get out of bed on his own or with the help of a caregiver uses this type of mattress prevention mattress, he / she gets up because the power is dispersed and difficult to balance. It became difficult, and the posture (end sitting position) when sitting on the edge of the bed and sitting down was unstable.

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 describes a mattress that has excellent body pressure dispersion performance, and that is easy to get up on the mattress and has a good sense of stability in the sitting position. This mattress is formed by laminating a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a back layer made of foamed mat material. Among these layers, the intermediate layer has a hard member arranged at the peripheral edge in the short side direction of the mattress and has a central portion. A structure in which soft members are arranged, and the hardness of each layer has a hardness relationship of hard member> back surface layer> surface layer and / or soft member, and the contact surface of the hard member and the soft member is directed toward the center of the back surface layer Is inclined at an inclination angle of 25 to 50 degrees.

Japanese Patent No. 4881667

  In the mattress of Patent Document 1 described above, since a hard member is arranged on the periphery of the mattress, when the user tries to get up with a hand or an elbow on the periphery, the balance is easily obtained and the rising operation is stabilized. . Then, by providing an inclined structure of a predetermined angle on the contact surface between the mattress peripheral portion formed of the hard member and the soft member at the center of the mattress, the difference in hardness between the contact portions of the hard member and the soft member (hardness gap) The stability of the end sitting position is improved. However, for example, if the thickness of both members constituting the intermediate layer is made thin, the inclined structure portion also becomes small, so there is a possibility that the elimination of the hardness gap may not be sufficient. Further, if the user sits deeply in the end sitting position, the user's buttocks may get over the inclined structure portion. In such a case, if the center of gravity is moved backward, the end sitting position stability may be disturbed by the hardness gap. Therefore, end sitting position stability by eliminating the hardness gap has been demanded.

  On the other hand, when getting up and getting out of bed on the mattress, it is first necessary to change the posture from the posture of lying on the mattress (the supine position) to the posture of lying on the side (the lying position), that is, to turn over. . In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, although the structure of the mattress that is easy to get up on the mattress is described, the structure of the mattress that easily turns over has not been studied.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and the object thereof is to provide a hardness gap that is a difference in hardness between the mattress peripheral portion and the flexible mattress central portion while providing rigidity to the mattress peripheral portion. It is another object of the present invention to provide a mattress having a structure in which the stability of the end-sitting position and the rising stability is improved and the ease of turning over is improved.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found the following. When turning from the supine position to the recumbent position, the operation of turning the head → turning the trunk → turning the pelvis is performed. Of these, in the turning of the trunk, especially the turning motion of the shoulder is an important point for successful turning over, and the turning operation of the shoulder is not hindered and it is easy to turn, so it is easy to turn over. . Thus, it has been found that by selectively sinking the shoulder portion and upper arm portion in the turning direction into the mattress, the shoulder portion that has entered the mattress serves as a rotation axis for turning over and promotes turning over. Based on this finding, the present invention has been completed.

  In order to solve the above problems, the mattress of the present invention is arranged at the center in the width direction of the mattress, and supports at least the back and waist (including the buttocks and sacrum) of the user in the supine posture, and the width of the mattress A mattress unit including a mattress unit disposed at both ends in a direction and supporting at least a shoulder of a user in a supine posture, wherein the central block is more than the outer peripheral edge of the end block. The end block is adjusted to form a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases in the direction of contact with the central block, and the shoulder of the user in the supine posture Hardness adjusting means for adjusting the apparent hardness at the position in contact with the central block to be lower than the apparent hardness of the central block is provided.

  By providing the above-mentioned hardness adjusting means on the end block, the apparent hardness of the end block gradually decreases in the direction in contact with the center block, so the outer side of the flexible center block and the hard end block The hardness gap, which is the difference in hardness from the peripheral edge, is eliminated. In addition, since the apparent hardness of the position of the end block in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture of the end block is adjusted to be lower than the apparent hardness of the flexible central block, the roll-up direction The user's shoulder and upper arm can easily sink into the part of the end block that has been adjusted to a low hardness, and the shoulder that sinks into that part becomes the axis of rotation for turning over and promotes turning over. . In the present specification, “blocks” of the central block and the end block refer to sections (regions) in the mattress unit.

  Further, the hardness adjusting means of the present invention is a plurality of grooves formed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the end block, the plurality of grooves are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the mattress, toward the direction in contact with the central block, It has an array region formed so that the void volume of each concave groove gradually increases, and at least the void volume among the plurality of concave grooves is the portion corresponding to the position in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture. It is also preferable that a large concave groove is arranged. By forming a plurality of grooves in the end block so that the void volume of each groove gradually increases, a hardness gradient is formed in which the apparent hardness of the end block gradually decreases, and a flexible central block and a hard block are formed. The hardness gap, which is the difference in hardness from the outer peripheral edge of the end block, is eliminated. Also, by making the void volume of the groove formed in the part corresponding to the position of the end block in the supine posture in contact with the shoulder of the user larger than the other part, the appearance of the part in contact with the shoulder of the user Since the hardness of the arm is smaller than the other parts and the central block, the shoulder and upper arm of the user in the turning direction can easily sink into the end block, and the shoulder that has entered the end block is turned over. It becomes the axis of rotation and the rollover is promoted.

  The increase in the void volume of the concave groove is preferably performed by increasing the groove depth, increasing the groove width, or a combination thereof. Thereby, a suitable means for increasing the void volume of the groove is selected.

  Further, the hardness adjusting means of the present invention is a plurality of grooves formed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the end block, the plurality of grooves are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the mattress, toward the direction in contact with the central block, The adjacent concave groove and the concave groove in a portion corresponding to a position in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture, having an array region formed so that the interval between the adjacent concave grooves is gradually narrowed. It is also preferable that the concave grooves are arranged so that the average value of the intervals is smaller than the average value in other portions. By arranging a plurality of concave grooves in the end block so that the interval between the concave grooves is gradually narrowed, a hardness gradient is formed in which the apparent hardness of the end block gradually decreases, and a flexible central block and a hard block are formed. A hardness gap, which is a difference in hardness from the outer peripheral edge of the end block, is eliminated. In addition, by making the interval between the concave grooves in the portion corresponding to the position of the end block in the supine posture in contact with the shoulder of the user smaller than the interval of the other portions, the appearance of the portion in contact with the user's shoulder Because the hardness is smaller than the other parts and the central block, the shoulder and upper arm of the user in the turning direction can easily sink into the end block, and the shoulder that has entered the end block can be turned over. It becomes a rotating shaft, and rolling over is promoted. Note that the groove includes a form in which the groove width is extremely small (for example, cutting by half-cut processing).

  Further, the hardness adjusting means of the present invention is a plurality of through holes formed in the thickness direction of the end block, and the arrangement of the plurality of through holes is a void volume of the through hole toward the direction in contact with the central block. Or at least one of the plurality of through-holes having a region that is formed so that at least one of the numbers gradually changes and corresponding to a position in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture. It is also preferred that the through holes are arranged such that the holes are arranged or the average value of the interval between the adjacent through holes is smaller than the average value in the other portions. In the end block, the through holes are arranged so that the diameter of the through holes gradually increases toward the direction in contact with the central block, or the through holes are arranged so that the number of through holes gradually increases, or these Are combined to form a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness of the end block gradually decreases, and the hardness gap that is the difference in hardness between the flexible central block and the outer peripheral edge of the hard end block is eliminated. . In addition, a through hole having the largest void volume is arranged in a portion corresponding to the position of the end block in the supine posture contacting the user's shoulder or the interval between adjacent through holes is made smaller than the interval between other portions. Or, by combining them, the apparent hardness of the part in contact with the user's shoulder is smaller than the other parts and the central block, so the user's shoulder and upper arm in the turning direction are end blocks It is easy to selectively sink, and the shoulder part that has entered the end block serves as a rotation axis for turning over, thereby promoting turning over. Note that the through-hole includes a cut form that penetrates the end block in the thickness direction.

  Moreover, it is also preferable that the center block of the mattress unit of the present invention is formed of a first cushion material, and the end block is formed of a second cushion material harder than the first cushion material. Thereby, materials having physical properties such as hardness and specifications suitable for each block constituting the mattress unit can be selected.

  The second cushion material forming the end block of the present invention has a hardness (compliant with JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing”) of 180 to 440 N, and the second cushion material with respect to the hardness of the first cushion material. It is also preferable that the hardness ratio (the ratio of hardness measured according to JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing”) is 1.8 to 6.5. Thereby, the suitable hardness range of a 1st cushion material and a 2nd cushion material is selected.

  In addition, each of the first cushion material and the second cushion material of the present invention may be one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molded body. preferable. Thereby, the suitable material which comprises a 1st cushion material and a 2nd cushion material is selected. These materials are excellent in moldability, are lightweight, and can form the above-described hardness adjusting means stably.

  Further, the center block and the end block of the mattress unit of the present invention are formed of the same cushion material, and the apparent hardness of the center block is lower than the apparent hardness of the outer peripheral edge of the end block. It is also preferable that a second hardness adjusting means for adjusting so as to be provided. Thereby, a mattress unit can be formed with one kind of cushioning material.

  The second hardness adjusting means provided in the central block is preferably a plurality of slits, through holes, or grooves formed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the central block. Thereby, the suitable aspect of a hardness adjustment means is selected.

  Further, when the central block and the end block of the mattress unit are formed of the same cushion material, the cushion material is preferably a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, or a cotton molded body. Thereby, the suitable material which comprises a mattress unit is selected. These materials are excellent in moldability, are lightweight, and can form the above-described hardness adjusting means stably.

  The mattress unit of the present invention is laminated on a lower layer formed of a cushion material, and a plurality of lower layer grooves arranged in the width direction of the mattress are provided on the upper surface or the lower surface of the lower layer. Is also preferable. As a result, the user's body is stably supported by the lower layer formed of the cushioning material, and the lower layer or the lower layer groove formed on the lower layer facilitates deformation following back-up or knee-up, etc. It can be.

  Further, it is also preferable that a lower layer groove is provided on the upper surface of the lower layer and a concave groove is provided on the lower surface of the end block of the mattress unit. As described above, since the lower layer groove and the concave groove are provided to face each other, the facing portion where the lower layer groove and the concave groove face is easily selectively deformed inside the mattress. Can be further improved.

  The cushion material forming the lower layer is preferably one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molded body. Thereby, the suitable material which comprises the cushion material of a lower layer is selected.

According to the present invention, a mattress having the following excellent effects can be provided.
(1) The hardness adjustment means of the present invention sufficiently eliminates the hardness gap, which is the difference in hardness between the hard mattress peripheral edge and the flexible mattress center, so that the edge sitting stability and rising stability are high. Users such as mild care recipients can stand up and get out of bed.
(2) Since the user's shoulder and upper arm are selectively sunk into a portion of the mattress that has been adjusted to have a low hardness, the shoulder that has entered the mattress serves as a rotation axis for turning over and the turning over is promoted.
(3) Since the hardness adjusting means is obtained by forming a plurality of concave grooves in the end block, the mattress can have a simple structure and can be manufactured easily.

It is the (a) disassembled perspective view of the mattress which concerns on 1st Embodiment, (b) The side view of the width direction, and (c) The side view of a longitudinal direction. It is a figure which shows the (a) upper surface side and (b) lower surface side of the mattress unit located in the middle layer of the mattress which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the range of the position which touches the user's shoulder part of the supine posture in a mattress unit. It is the side view of the width direction of the mattress which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and its partial enlarged view. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the position of a mattress width direction, and the apparent hardness of a mattress unit. It is the side view of the longitudinal direction of the mattress which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and its partial enlarged view. It is a figure which shows the upper surface side of the lower layer of the mattress which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the measuring method of the apparent hardness of the mattress unit of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the mattress which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the side view of the width direction of the mattress which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and its partial enlarged view. It is the figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the through-hole in the (a) end block of the mattress unit which concerns on 3rd Embodiment, (b) The sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of arrangement | positioning of the through-hole provided in the edge part block of the mattress unit which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is the (a) disassembled perspective view of the mattress which concerns on 4th Embodiment, (b) The side view of the width direction, and (c) The side view of a longitudinal direction. (A) The figure which shows the upper surface side of the mattress unit which concerns on 4th Embodiment, (b) The figure which shows the lower surface side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the mattress 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured by laminating a surface layer 8, an intermediate mattress unit 4, and a lower layer 6. In the present specification, the term “up and down” refers to the up and down direction in a state where the mattress 1 is installed on a bed or a floor, that is, the up and down direction in FIG.

  First, the mattress unit 4 constituting the mattress 1 according to the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the mattress unit 4 in the present embodiment includes a central block 2 disposed at the center portion in the width direction of the mattress and two end blocks 3 disposed on both sides thereof. . In this embodiment, as will be described later, the central block 2 and the end block 3 are formed of different cushion materials. Therefore, the central block 2 and the end block 3 may be fixed with an adhesive or the like on the adjacent surfaces of the both so that the arrangement of the two does not shift, or the lower block 6 and the surface layer 8 with an adhesive or the like. Each may be fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the central block 2 of the mattress unit 4 is configured to support at least the back and waist (including the buttocks and sacrum) of the body of the user B in the supine posture. The central block 2 in this embodiment is 31 cm in length in the width direction, 191 cm in length in the longitudinal direction, and 3 cm in thickness, and is the central part of the body of the user B in the supine position, that is, Can support the head, back, waist and lower limbs. The length in the width direction of the central block is, as will be described later, a position S in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture (region between 11 cm and 25 cm from the center in the width direction of the mattress toward one end in the width direction). Therefore, the length of the central block in the width direction is less than 50 cm, preferably 40 cm or less, and more preferably 32 cm or less. The central block 2 is formed more flexibly than the outer peripheral edge 3a of the end block disposed on both sides thereof. In the present embodiment, the central block 2 is a second cushion that forms the end block 3. The first cushion material is softer than the material. Therefore, the central block 2 is excellent in body pressure dispersibility and can flexibly support the user B's body in contact with the central block 2. As the first cushion material, one having a hardness measured in accordance with JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing” is preferably 50 to 160 N, more preferably 70 to 150 N, and 90 to 140 N. Some are particularly preferred. The first cushion material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned hardness and cushioning properties, but a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molded body are preferably used, and are handled and processed. From the viewpoint of ease of handling, a resin foam is more preferable. Specific examples of the resin foam include foamed polyurethane, foamed polyolefin, and foamed silicone. In addition, when the surface layer 8 which has a body pressure dispersibility is laminated | stacked on the center block 2, the center block 2 does not necessarily need the hardness which has a body pressure dispersibility, and hardness outside the range mentioned above. The cushion material which has can also be used. Further, as the first cushion material, a fluid-filled structure such as an air cell filled with air or liquid in a bag made of a synthetic resin or rubber material may be applied.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the end block 3 of the mattress unit 4 is configured to support at least a shoulder portion of the body of the user B in a supine posture. Each of the end blocks 3 in the present embodiment is formed separately from the central block 2 and has a width of 30 cm, a length of 191 cm, and a thickness of 3 cm. It is possible to support the shoulder and arm of the body of the user B in the supine posture. The end block 3 is formed of a second cushion material that is harder than the first cushion material that forms the adjacent central block 2. Therefore, the end block 3 has a large repulsive force against the load (pressing force) when the user puts his hand or sits down, so that the struts are effective and balanced, and has end-sitting position stability and rising stability.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the end block 3 in the present embodiment is provided with hardness adjusting means 5 including four concave grooves 5 a to 5 d. The hardness adjusting means 5 forms a hardness gradient in which the end block 3 gradually decreases in the direction toward the center block 2, that is, toward the center in the width direction of the mattress. Has been adjusted. Here, “apparent hardness” in this specification is not the hardness of the material of the cushion material forming the end block 3 and the central block 2 but the hardness measured in the form of the mattress unit 4, that is, the central block. 2 and the hardness of the end block 3 itself provided with the hardness adjusting means 5, and the end block 3 and the central block 2 were pressed in a predetermined area in the thickness direction (downward) and deformed by pressing. It means the hardness at the measurement part, which is required as the repulsive force of time. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the “apparent hardness” is obtained by directly applying a circular aluminum pressurizer IN of φ40 mm × thickness 1.6 mm to the measurement portion on the upper surface of the central block 2 or the end block 3. When pressed and pushed to a depth corresponding to 2/3 of the thickness of each block (for example, 20 mm when the thickness of the measurement portion is 30 mm) at a speed of 100 ± 20 mm / min and held in that state for 10 seconds The repulsive force is determined by measuring with a force gauge FG. In addition, the measurement part of each block shall perform the precompression based on JISK6401-A method.

  As shown in FIGS. 2B and 4, the hardness adjusting means 5 in the present embodiment is four concave grooves 5 a to 5 d formed by digging in the lower surface side of the end block 3. The plurality of concave grooves 5a to 5d are continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction of the mattress, and are formed so that the void volume of the concave grooves gradually increases in the direction in contact with the central block 2. The increase in the void volume of the concave grooves 5a to 5d in the present embodiment is performed by gradually increasing the groove depth from the concave groove 5a to the concave groove 5c, and the void volume of the concave groove 5c to the concave groove 5d is increased. Is performed by enlarging the groove width. The increase in the void volume of the groove may be performed so that the void volume gradually increases. For example, by increasing the groove depth, expanding the groove width, changing the cross-sectional shape of the groove, or a combination thereof. And is not limited to the method described in this embodiment. Further, the number of grooves is appropriately determined depending on the hardness of the end block 3 and the cross-sectional shape of the grooves, and is not limited to the number of grooves shown in the present embodiment. The concave grooves 5a to 5d in the present embodiment are arranged with an interval of 2 cm, the concave groove 5a has a groove depth of 1 cm and a groove width of 2 cm, and the concave groove 5b has a groove depth of 1.5 cm, a groove width of 2 cm, and a concave groove. The groove 5c is formed with a groove depth of 2 cm and a groove width of 2 cm, and the concave groove 5d is formed with a groove depth of 2 cm and a groove width of 3 cm. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the position in the mattress width direction and the apparent hardness. According to this, the apparent hardness of the end block 3 is constant in the portion where the concave groove which is the hardness adjusting means 5 is not formed, that is, the outer peripheral edge portion 3a of the end block, but the void volume is A hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases toward the direction in contact with the central block 2 due to the concave grooves formed so as to increase gradually. As a result, the difference in hardness between the end block 3 formed of a hard material and the central block 2 formed of a soft material becomes gradual, so that the hardness gap is eliminated and the stability at the end sitting position is improved. Note that the concave groove includes a cut having a minimum groove width, for example, by half-cut processing.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, by the hardness adjusting means 5, the apparent hardness of the end block 3 at the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user B in the supine posture is the apparent hardness of the central block 2. It is adjusted to include the lower part. In the present embodiment, a concave groove 5d having at least the largest void volume among the four concave grooves 5a to 5d of the hardness adjusting means 5 is formed in a portion corresponding to the position S in contact with the shoulder portion of the user B in the supine posture. The apparent hardness in this portion is adjusted to be lower than the apparent hardness of the central block 2. In the graphs of FIGS. 5A and 5B, the relationship between the position in the mattress width direction and the apparent hardness of the mattress unit is illustrated. FIG. 5A is a graph in the case where the adjacent surfaces of the central block 2 and the end block 3 are fixed by the adhesive 9, and FIG. 5B is a graph showing the central block 2 and the end block 3. It is a graph when the adjacent surface of is not fixed. As shown in the graphs of FIGS. 5A and 5B, the apparent hardness of the mattress unit gradually decreases as the position in the width direction of the mattress moves from the end block 3 to the central block 2 side. The apparent hardness at the position of the central block 2 is the end at the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user B in the supine posture, although the lowest is in the vicinity of the portion where the concave groove 5d having the largest void volume is disposed. It becomes higher than the apparent hardness of block 3. Therefore, a portion (hereinafter also referred to as a hardness pocket P) having an apparent hardness lower than that of the central block 2 occurs at a position S in contact with the shoulder of the user B in the supine posture of the end block 3. As a result, when the user rolls over, the user's shoulder and upper arm in the roll-over direction are guided to the hardness pocket P of the end block 3, and the user's shoulder turns in the roll-up direction. However, it sinks into the hardness pocket P. As a result, the shoulder sinking into the end block 3 becomes a rotation axis for turning over, and the turning over is promoted. Further, as shown in the graph of FIG. 5B, the end of the central block 2 adjacent to the hardness pocket P can be obtained by not fixing the adjacent surfaces of the central block 2 and the end block 3 with an adhesive or the like. The apparent hardness of the central block 2 can be made smaller than the apparent hardness of the central block 2. Thereby, in the initial stage of turning over, the hardness difference between the central side and the end of the central block 2 acts to guide the shoulder of the user B in the supine posture to the hardness pocket P. Is promoted. If the apparent hardness at the end of the central block 2 can be made smaller than that at the center, the apparent hardness at the end of the central block 2 may be adjusted by other means.

  The minimum value of the apparent hardness in the hardness pocket P described above is a ratio to the value of the apparent hardness of the central portion of the central block 2 measured by the same method and conditions (the minimum value of the apparent hardness in the hardness pocket P / the central block 2). The apparent hardness value at the center of the film is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.9, more preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.7, and 0.3 to 0.6. It is especially preferable to set the range. If this apparent hardness ratio is less than 0.1, the hardness gap may be too large locally, making it difficult to operate on the floor. If it exceeds 0.9, an effect of improving the ease of turning over is obtained. This is because it is difficult. Furthermore, as shown in the graph of FIG. 5B, when the apparent hardness at the end of the central block 2 adjacent to the hardness pocket P is made smaller than the apparent hardness at the central portion side of the central block 2 The ratio of the minimum value of the apparent hardness in the hardness pocket P to the value of the apparent hardness near the end of the central block 2 (the minimum value of the apparent hardness in the hardness pocket P / the value of the apparent hardness of the end of the central block 2) Is preferably in the range of 0.6 to 0.9, and more preferably in the range of 0.7 to 0.85. By setting this range, the user's shoulder is guided to the hardness pocket P at the initial stage of the turning operation, and the turning is promoted more smoothly.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, in the present embodiment, each end block 3 is provided with concave grooves 5a to 5d, that is, hardness adjusting means 5 continuously in the longitudinal direction of the mattress. Then, on the lower surface of the end block 3, the groove having the largest void volume among the plurality of grooves constituting the hardness adjusting means 5 at the portion corresponding to the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture. 5d is arranged at least. As shown in FIG. 3, the position S in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture is at least between 11 cm and 25 cm in the width direction of the mattress from the center in the width direction of the mattress toward one end in the width direction. Further, in the length direction of the mattress, it is 20 cm or more from one end (head side end) to the other end in the length direction of the mattress. It is more preferable that the region is 100 cm or more from the end (end on the foot side) toward one end. The area related to the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture is the size / size in the research study on elucidation of the characteristics of the elderly for the design of equipment for the elderly by HQL (General Human Life Engineering Research Center). It was determined based on a morphology database (URL: http://www.hql.jp/project/funcdb2000/). For example, the numerical value “11 cm” from the center in the width direction of the mattress toward one end in the width direction is the measurement data (2001) of the anterior axilla width (straight distance between the left and right anterior axillary points) in the database. Based on the value obtained by dividing the minimum value (216 mm) of the class in which the frequency of the frequency distribution table exceeds 1 by 2. Similarly, “25 cm” from the center in the width direction of the mattress toward one end in the width direction is the measurement data of the shoulder width (straight distance connecting the points that protrude outwardly of the left and right upper arm deltoids) in the same database (Heisei (FY2013) is based on the value obtained by dividing the maximum value (483 mm) of the class whose frequency in the frequency distribution table exceeds 1 by 2. In addition, “20 cm” from one end (head end) to the other end of the mattress in the length direction means the total head height (distance perpendicular to the ear-eye plane from the head apex to the genital point) in the database. Of the measurement data (2001), the frequency is based on the minimum value (196 mm) of the class in which the frequency in the frequency distribution table exceeds 1. Also, “100cm” from the other end of the mattress in the length direction (end on the foot side) is the measurement data (2001) of the shoulder height (vertical distance from the floor to the shoulder point) in the database. Of these, the frequency of the frequency distribution table is based on the minimum value (1060 mm) of the class exceeding 1. In the present embodiment, a plurality of concave grooves 5a to 5d constituting the hardness adjusting means 5 are provided continuously in the longitudinal direction of the mattress, and the concave groove 5d having the largest void volume is also continuous in the longitudinal direction of the mattress. However, the concave groove 5d having the largest void volume is provided only in the region of the position S that contacts the shoulder of the user in the supine posture of the end block 3 shown in FIG. 3 in the longitudinal direction of the mattress. In this case, in the region other than the position S of the end block 3, in place of the concave groove 5d, the void volume is such that the apparent hardness is approximately the same as the hardness of the central block. It is preferable that a concave groove is provided. When the body size of the user B is smaller than the statistical value of an adult such as a child, the position S according to the body size of the user B may be set based on the above design method.

  The position of the hardness adjusting means 5 in the end block 3 is at least 10 cm away from the end in the width direction of the mattress from the viewpoint of improving the end sitting stability and the stability at the rising edge in the outer peripheral edge 3a of the end block. It is preferable that the distance is 13 cm or more. The hardness adjusting means 5 may be formed 10 cm away from the end in the width direction of the mattress of the end block 3 or over the entire width direction of the mattress of the end block 3. From the viewpoint of enhancing the stability at the end sitting position and the stability at the time of rising, the apparent hardness at the outer peripheral edge 3a of the end block 3 is at least about 10 cm from the end in the width direction of the mattress at the center of the central block 2. It is preferable to adjust so as to be 1.5 times or more, preferably 1.5 to 4 times, more preferably about 2 to 3 times the apparent hardness of the part.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the concave grooves 5 a to 5 d of the present embodiment are provided on the lower surface side of the end block 3, but are not limited thereto, and the upper surface side of the end block 3. May be provided. The concave grooves 5a to 5d are not only provided on the upper surface or the lower surface of the end block 3. For example, the concave grooves 5d and 5b are provided on the upper surface, and 5c and 5a are provided on the lower surface. A combination of lower surfaces may be provided. Furthermore, although the cross-sectional shape of the concave grooves 5a to 5d in the present embodiment is a semicircular shape or a kamaboko shape, in addition to these shapes, a horseshoe shape, a circular shape, a polygonal shape, any other shape, or a combination thereof, Also good.

  The second cushion material forming the end block 3 preferably has a hardness measured in accordance with JIS K6401 “Load Resistant Soft Polyurethane Foam” of 180 to 440N, preferably 200 to 300N. More preferred is 210 to 250N. The second cushion material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned hardness and cushioning properties, but a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure and a cotton molded body are preferably used for handling and processing. From the viewpoint of ease of use, a resin foam is more preferable. Specific examples of the resin foam include foamed polyurethane, foamed polyolefin, and foamed silicone. Further, the hardness ratio of the second cushion material constituting the end block 3 to the hardness of the first cushion material constituting the central block 2 (in the hardness measured in accordance with JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing”). The ratio is preferably 1.5 to 6.5, more preferably 1.7 to 4.0, and particularly preferably 1.8 to 3.0.

  Next, the lower layer 6 will be described. The lower layer 6 of the mattress 1 is formed of a third cushion material that is relatively hard and can stably support the user's body. The lower layer 6 in the present embodiment is formed to have a width of 91 cm, a length of 191 cm, and a thickness of 3 cm. The third cushioning material preferably has a hardness measured according to JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing” of 180 to 440N, more preferably 200 to 300N, and 210 to 250N. Some are particularly preferred. The third cushion material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned hardness and cushioning properties, but a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molded body are preferably used, and are handled and processed. From the viewpoint of ease of handling, a resin foam is more preferable. Specific examples of the resin foam include foamed polyurethane, foamed polyolefin, and foamed silicone.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 6, and 7, the lower layer 6 in the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of lower layer grooves 7 continuously in the width direction of the mattress. The lower layer groove 7 imparts flexibility that facilitates deformation of the mattress and easily follows the movement of the back when the mattress 1 is raised. In the present embodiment, five lower layer grooves 7 are arranged in parallel on the upper surface side of the lower layer 6 at intervals of 8 cm at positions 20 cm away from the longitudinal center of the mattress. 7 is a U-shaped groove having a groove width of 1 cm and a groove depth of 2 cm. FIG. 7 shows the positional relationship between the lower layer groove 7 (solid line) of the lower layer 6 and the concave groove (dotted line) of the hardness adjusting means 5 provided in the mattress unit 4. Since the hardness of the region where the lower layer groove 7 and the concave groove of the hardness adjusting means 5 intersect is adjusted to be small, flexibility is imparted to this region and the ease of turning over is improved. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the lower layer groove 7 in the present embodiment is not provided in the vicinity of the center of the longitudinal direction of the mattress, but in a range that does not hinder the function of the hardness adjusting means 5 of the end block 3. The lower layer groove 7 may be formed over the entire longitudinal direction of the mattress. Moreover, although the cross-sectional shape of the lower layer groove | channel 7 in this embodiment is a U-shape, semicircular shape, scallop shape, horseshoe shape, circular shape, polygonal shape, all other shapes, or these combinations may be sufficient.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 6, and 7, the lower layer groove 7 in the present embodiment is provided on the upper surface side of the lower layer 6, but is not limited thereto, and is provided on the lower surface side of the lower layer 6. Also good. In the mattress 1 according to the present embodiment, the opening of the lower layer groove 7 provided on the upper surface of the lower layer 6 and the opening of the concave groove of the hardness adjusting means 5 provided on the lower surface of the end block 3 face each other. Accordingly, the facing portion where the lower layer groove and the concave groove face each other is easily selectively deformed inside the mattress, so that the function and effect of the mattress unit can be further improved partially.

  Next, the surface layer 8 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the surface layer 8 is a layer that covers the upper surface of the mattress unit 4 described above, and is formed of a flexible fourth cushion material. In the present embodiment, the surface layer 8 is formed to have a width of 91 cm, a length of 191 cm, and a thickness of 2 cm. As the fourth cushion material, one having a hardness measured according to JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing” is preferably 50 to 160 N, more preferably 70 to 150 N, and 90 to 140 N. Some are particularly preferred. The fourth cushion material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned hardness and cushioning properties, but a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure and a cotton molded body are preferably used for handling and processing. From the viewpoint of ease of use, a resin foam is more preferable. Specific examples of the resin foam include foamed polyurethane, foamed polyolefin, and foamed silicone.

  The mattress 1 in the present embodiment is configured by laminating a surface layer 8, an intermediate mattress unit 4 and a lower layer 6, but the mattress unit 4 alone or the mattress unit 4 and the surface layer. Even if it is any combination of 8 or the lower layer 6, the mattress which was equipped with the effect of this invention, was excellent in end-sitting position stability, and was easy to turn over can be obtained.

  Next, the mattress 10 according to the second embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, the mattress 10 according to the present embodiment is configured by laminating a surface layer 8, an intermediate mattress unit 40, and a lower layer 60. The mattress unit 40 according to the present embodiment is composed of a central block 20 disposed in the center portion of the mattress in the width direction and two end blocks 30 disposed on both sides thereof. Since the central block 20 and the end block 30 are formed of different cushion materials as in the first embodiment, they are fixed with an adhesive or the like on their adjacent surfaces so that the arrangement of the two does not deviate. It may be fixed to the lower layer 60 and the surface layer 8 with an adhesive or the like.

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the end block 30 in the present embodiment is provided with a hardness adjusting means 50 including five concave grooves 50a to 50e. By the hardness adjusting means 50, the end block 30 is adjusted so as to form a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases in the direction in contact with the central block 20. As shown in FIG. 10, the hardness adjusting means 50 in the present embodiment is five concave grooves 50 a to 50 e that are dug and formed on the lower surface side of the end block 30. The plurality of concave grooves 50a to 50e are continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction of the mattress, and are formed so that the distance D between adjacent concave grooves gradually decreases in the direction in contact with the central block 20. The average value of the distance D between the adjacent grooves in the portion corresponding to the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture of the end block 30 is the other portion. The concave grooves are arranged so as to be smaller than the average value at. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the grooves 50 a to 50 e are arranged in the order of 50 a, 50 b, 50 c, 50 d, and 50 e toward the direction in contact with the central block 20, but gradually adjacent to each other. It arrange | positions so that the space | interval D with the recessed groove to narrow may become narrow. The number of grooves provided is determined as appropriate depending on the hardness of the end block 30 and the cross-sectional shape of the formed grooves, and is not limited to the number of grooves shown in the present embodiment. Thus, by providing the concave grooves so that the distance D between the adjacent concave grooves is gradually narrowed, the apparent hardness of the end block 30 is a portion where the concave grooves as the hardness adjusting means 50 are not formed. That is, although it is constant at the outer peripheral edge 30a of the end block, the portion where the hardness adjusting means 50 is formed shows a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases in the direction in contact with the central block. Thereby, since the hardness difference between the end block 30 formed of a hard material and the central block 20 formed of a flexible material becomes gentle, the hardness gap is eliminated and the stability at the end sitting position is improved. The concave groove may have a form in which the groove width is extremely small (for example, cutting by half-cut processing).

  Further, the apparent hardness of the end block 30 at the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture is adjusted by the hardness adjusting means 50 to be lower than the hardness of the central block 20. In the present embodiment, the average value of the distance D between the adjacent concave grooves in the portion corresponding to the position S in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture is smaller than the average value of the distance D in the other portions. This is realized by arranging a groove on the surface. The apparent hardness at the end block 30 gradually decreases as the position in the width direction of the mattress moves from the end block 30 to the central block 20, and the gap D between adjacent grooves is the narrowest. However, the apparent hardness at the position of the central block 20 is that of the end block 30 at the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture. It becomes higher than the apparent hardness. For this reason, a hardness pocket P whose apparent hardness is lower than that of the other portion is generated at the position S in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture. As a result, when the user rolls over, the shoulder or upper arm of the user in the roll-up direction is guided to the hardness pocket P of the end block 30 and the apparent hardness is higher than the hardness of the central block 20. The user's shoulder sinks into the low-adjusted part while turning in the direction of turning. As a result, the shoulder sinking into the end block 30 becomes a rotation axis for turning over, and the turning over is promoted.

  The other descriptions regarding the end block 30 and the hardness adjusting means 50 and the description regarding the central block 20 in the present embodiment are the same as those in the above-described first embodiment, and the operational effects thereof are also the same.

  Next, the lower layer 60 will be described. The lower layer 60 of the mattress 10 is formed of a third cushion material that is relatively hard and can stably support the user's body. The lower layer 6 in the present embodiment is formed to have a width of 91 cm, a length of 191 cm, and a thickness of 3 cm. Although the lower layer groove is not provided in the lower layer 60 in the present embodiment, the lower layer groove 7 may be appropriately provided as shown in the first embodiment.

  The other explanation about the lower layer 60 and the explanation about the surface layer 8 in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, and the effects thereof are also the same.

  Next, the mattress unit 41 of the mattress according to the third embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, the mattress unit 41 according to the present embodiment includes a central block 21 disposed at a central portion in the width direction of the mattress and two end blocks 31 disposed on both sides thereof. Yes. As shown in FIG. 11B, the end block 31 in the present embodiment is provided with a hardness adjusting means 51 including a plurality of through holes penetrating in the thickness direction of the end block 31. And as shown to Fig.11 (a), the hardness adjustment means 51 which consists of this some through-hole is formed so that the space | gap volume of a through-hole may increase gradually toward the direction which contacts the center block 21. FIG. . Specifically, in the embodiment in FIG. 11, four types of through holes 51 a to 51 d are arranged in a direction in contact with the central block 21, and the diameters of the through holes are the same as those of the central block 21. It arrange | positions so that it may become large gradually toward the direction which touches. By the hardness adjusting means 51 formed in this way, the end block 31 is adjusted so as to form a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases in the direction in contact with the central block 21. The apparent hardness of the end block 31 is constant in the outer peripheral edge 31a of the end block where the through hole is not formed as the hardness adjusting means 51, but in the portion where the hardness adjusting means 51 is formed, A hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases toward the direction in contact with the block 21 is shown. Therefore, since the difference in hardness between the end block 31 and the flexible central block 21 becomes gentle, the hardness gap is eliminated and the stability in the end sitting position is improved. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, in the hardness adjustment means 51 in this embodiment, the space | gap volume is the largest among several through-holes 51a-51d in the part corresponding to the position S which touches the user's shoulder part of a supine posture. A large through hole 51d is arranged, and the apparent hardness in this portion is adjusted to be lower than the apparent hardness of the central block 21. Therefore, the apparent hardness of the mattress unit 41 is gradually decreased by the hardness adjusting means 51 as the position in the mattress width direction moves from the end block 31 to the central block 21 side, and the void volume is the largest. A hardness pocket P having an apparent hardness lower than that of the central block 21 is formed at a position S that is the lowest in the vicinity of the portion where the through-hole 51d is disposed and is in contact with the shoulder of the user B in the supine posture of the end block 31. Has been. As a result, when the user rolls over, the user's shoulder and upper arm in the roll-over direction are guided to the hardness pocket P of the end block 31, and the user's shoulder turns in the roll-up direction. However, it sinks into the hardness pocket P, and as a result, the shoulder that sinks into the end block 31 becomes a rotation axis for turning over, and the turning over is promoted.

  The through hole which is the hardness adjusting means 51 in the present embodiment forms a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness of the end block 31 gradually decreases, and is in contact with the shoulder portion of the user B in the supine posture of the end block 31. It suffices if the shape and number of the through holes are selected and arranged so as to form a hardness pocket P whose apparent hardness is lower than that of the central block 21 at the position S. It is not limited to the arrangement and type shown in the embodiment. As an example, although not particularly limited, as shown in FIG. 12A, the number of through holes 51 ′ formed in substantially the same shape gradually increases in a direction in contact with the central block 21. In the position S where the end block 31 is in the supine posture and in contact with the shoulder of the user B, the average value of the distance between the adjacent through holes is smaller than the average value in the other portions. Arrangement, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), the rectangular through-hole 51 ″ having an elongated cross section is arranged such that the void volume gradually increases in the direction in contact with the central block 21, Various positions and shapes of the through-holes are provided, such as disposing a through-hole having the largest void volume at the position S in contact with the shoulder of the user B in the supine posture of the end block 31. Besides The groove formed in the above embodiments is provided, it is possible to temper means 51 in combination with the through-hole.

  For other descriptions regarding the end block 31 and the hardness adjusting means 51 in the present embodiment, the central block 21, the mattress unit 41, and other descriptions regarding the surface layer and the lower layer (not shown), refer to the first embodiment described above. It is the same as the case, and the effect is also the same.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the mattress 12 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is configured by laminating a surface layer 8, an intermediate mattress unit 42, and a lower layer 6. The mattress unit 42 that constitutes the mattress 12 according to the present embodiment includes a central block 22 that is disposed at a central portion in the width direction of the mattress, and two end blocks 32 that are disposed on both sides thereof. In the present embodiment, unlike the first to third embodiments described above, the central block 22 and the end block 32 are formed of the same cushion material, and the mattress unit 42 is integrally formed as a whole. Yes. Note that the boundary between the center block 22 and the end block 32 in this embodiment is based on the relationship between the position in the mattress width direction and the apparent hardness of the mattress unit described in FIG. 5 (a) or FIG. 5 (b). Is set. It is also possible to form the mattress unit by forming the central block 22 and the end block 32 separately from the same cushion material.

  The central block 22 of the mattress unit 42 is configured to support at least the back and waist (including the buttocks and sacrum) of the body of the user B in the supine posture. The central block 22 is formed more flexibly than the outer peripheral edge 32a of the end block 32 in order to softly receive these parts of the user's body. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the central block 22 is provided with second hardness adjusting means 220 that adjusts the apparent hardness to be low. As shown in FIG. 14, the second hardness adjusting means 220 is formed by a plurality of half-cut processes arranged at predetermined intervals over the entire width direction of the upper surface of the central block 22 and continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction of the mattress. It is a notch (slit) 220a. As a result, the apparent hardness of the central block 22 is adjusted to be low, and an area that is softer than the outer peripheral edge portion 32 of the end block 32 and has excellent body pressure dispersibility is formed in the mattress unit 42. The second hardness adjusting means 220 is not limited to the shape and arrangement method of the slits 220a and the like shown in this embodiment, and may be a groove, a through hole, or a combination thereof. Further, the hardness adjusting means 220 may be provided on the upper surface of the central block 22 or may be provided on the lower surface, or may be provided in combination of the upper surface and the lower surface.

  As the cushion material forming the mattress unit 42, that is, the central block 22 and the end block 32 in the present embodiment, the hardness measured in accordance with JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing” is 180 to 440N. A thing of 200-300N is more preferable, and a thing of 210-250N is especially preferable. This hardness is high for use as a member for supporting the back and waist (including the buttocks and sacrum) (hard as a physical property), but the second hardness adjusting means 220 as described above is provided in the central block 22. As a result, the apparent hardness is lowered, and the central block 22 having flexibility and comfortable sleeping is obtained. The apparent hardness ratio of the outer peripheral edge portion 32a of the end block 32 to the apparent hardness of the central block 22 is preferably 1.5 to 6.5, more preferably 1.7 to 4.0. It is particularly preferably adjusted to 1.8 to 3.0. The cushion material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned hardness and cushioning properties, but a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molded body are preferably used for handling and processing. From the viewpoint of ease, a resin foam is more preferable. Specific examples of the resin foam include foamed polyurethane, foamed polyolefin, and foamed silicone.

  Other explanations regarding the central block 22 in the present embodiment, the end block 32, the hardness adjusting means 5 provided in the end block 32, the mattress unit 42, the surface layer 8 and the lower layer 6 are described above. It is the same as that of the case of 1 embodiment, and the effect is also the same.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various design changes within the scope not departing from the gist of the invention described in the claims are also included in the technical scope.

1, 10, 12 Mattress 2, 20, 21, 22 Central block 220 Second hardness adjusting means 220a Slit 3, 30, 31, 32 End block 3a, 30a, 31a, 32a Outer peripheral edge of end block 4 40, 41, 42 Mattress unit 5, 50, 51 Hardness adjusting means 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e Groove 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d, 51 ', 51''Through Hole (hardness adjustment means)
6, 60 Lower layer 7 Lower layer groove 8 Surface layer 9 Fixing means (adhesive)
B User in supine posture S Position in contact with shoulder of user in supine posture P Hardness pocket D Spacing between adjacent concave grooves IN Pressurizer FG Force gauge (load measuring instrument)

Claims (14)

A central block that is disposed in the center of the mattress in the width direction and supports at least the back and waist of a user in a supine posture;
A mattress including a mattress unit having an end block disposed at both ends in the width direction of the mattress and supporting at least a shoulder portion of a user in a supine posture,
The central block is formed more flexibly than the outer peripheral edge of the end block,
The end block is adjusted so as to form a hardness gradient in which the apparent hardness gradually decreases in the direction in contact with the center block, and the apparent position of the position in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture The mattress is provided with hardness adjusting means for adjusting the hardness so that the hardness is lower than the apparent hardness of the central block. The hardness adjusting means is a plurality of concave grooves formed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the end block;
The plurality of concave grooves are arranged in a longitudinal direction of the mattress, and have an arrangement region formed so that a void volume of each concave groove gradually increases in a direction in contact with the central block,
The concave groove having the largest void volume among the plurality of concave grooves is disposed at least in a portion corresponding to a position in contact with a shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture. mattress.   The mattress according to claim 2, wherein the increase in the void volume of the concave groove is performed by increasing the groove depth, expanding the groove width, or a combination thereof. The hardness adjusting means is a plurality of concave grooves formed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the end block;
The plurality of concave grooves are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the mattress, and have an arrangement region formed so that the distance between the adjacent concave grooves and the concave grooves gradually becomes narrower in a direction in contact with the central block.
The grooves are arranged so that the average value of the distance between the adjacent grooves is smaller than the average value in the other portions in the portion corresponding to the position in contact with the shoulder of the user in the supine posture. The mattress according to claim 1, wherein the mattress is provided. The hardness adjusting means is a plurality of through holes formed in the thickness direction of the end block,
The arrangement of the plurality of through holes has a region formed such that at least one of the void volume or the number of the through holes gradually increases toward the direction in contact with the central block,
At least a through hole having the largest void volume among the plurality of through holes is disposed in a portion corresponding to a position in contact with the shoulder portion of the user in the supine posture, or an interval between adjacent through holes. The mattress according to claim 1, wherein the through-holes are arranged so that the average value of is smaller than the average value in other portions. The central block is formed of a first cushion material,
The mattress according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the end block is formed of a second cushion material harder than the first cushion material.   The second cushion material forming the end block has a hardness (compliant with JIS K6401 “soft polyurethane foam for load bearing”) of 180 to 440N, and the second cushion material has a hardness of 180% to 440N. The mattress according to claim 6, wherein the hardness ratio (ratio of hardness measured according to JIS K6401 "soft polyurethane foam for load-bearing") is 1.8 to 6.5.   Each of the first cushion material and the second cushion material is one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molding. The mattress according to claim 6 or 7. The central block and the end block are formed of the same cushion material,
The second hardness adjusting means for adjusting the center block so that its apparent hardness is lower than an apparent hardness of an outer peripheral edge of the end block. The mattress according to any one of 1 to 5.   The mattress according to claim 9, wherein the second hardness adjusting means is a plurality of slits, through holes, or grooves formed on the upper surface or the lower surface of the central block.   The mattress according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the cushion material forming the central block and the end block is a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, or a cotton molding.   The mattress unit is laminated on a lower layer formed of a cushioning material, and a plurality of lower layer grooves arranged in the width direction of the mattress are provided on an upper surface or a lower surface of the lower layer. The mattress according to any one of claims 1 to 11.   The mattress according to claim 12, wherein the lower layer groove is provided on an upper surface of the lower layer, and the concave groove is provided on a lower surface of the end block of the mattress unit.   The mattress according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the cushion material forming the lower layer is one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a resin foam, a three-dimensional network structure, and a cotton molding. .

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