JP2018078850A - Algicidal method for agricultural greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for imparting easily and effectively one or more of antibacterial, algicidal or antifungal properties to the surface of an agricultural greenhouse.SOLUTION: Materials containing copper (copper powder, copper net, copper tape, copper wire or copper piece) is installed outside an agricultural greenhouse, and the materials are brought into contact with water, which allows copper ions to elute in water so that the copper ions are on the surface of the agricultural greenhouse. Thus, one or more of antibacterial, algicidal or antifungal properties are imparted to the surface of the agricultural greenhouse.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for preventing algae in an agricultural house. More specifically, the present invention provides an antibacterial, algal or antifungal property on the surface of a covering material for an agricultural house by installing a material comprising copper outside the agricultural house. It relates to a method for imparting one or more characteristics.

  In recent years, it is useful under the covering of resin films made of vinyl chloride resin, polyolefin resin, polyester resin, fluorine resin, etc. to improve agricultural marketability and productivity by semi-forcing or suppressing cultivation of agricultural crops. So-called house cultivation and tunnel cultivation for cultivating plants are actively performed.

  Agricultural houses using such films are becoming larger year by year, and the film expansion work for covering the houses with the film requires a lot of manpower. On the other hand, the number of agricultural workers is decreasing year by year and aging is progressing, and it is not easy to secure manpower for annual expansion work. In view of such a situation, a film to be spread in a house is required to be a film that can be easily stretched and has a long period of use until it is replaced, and each company has durability of 4 to 5 years or 10 years. The film has been developed.

  However, such a durable film, unlike a film that can be replaced in a single year, is in a state of being stretched even in a period of high temperature and high humidity such as from June to September. In recent years, there has been a warming trend, and algae grows especially on the outer surface of the film, impedes the penetration of sunlight into the house, and the adverse effect on the cultivation due to the lack of light in the house has become a problem. It was.

  In general, algae are microorganisms that exist on the earth's surface and in water, and because they have chlorophyll, they have photosynthetic ability and can grow regardless of other nutrient sources. On the other hand, since molds depend on other organic matter for nutrients (organic matter) necessary for growth, they tend to grow infested with carcasses of algae subordinately. The surface of the algae is often covered with sticky substances due to the effects of fungi and so on. Once attached to the film surface, the algae on the film is physically and mechanically prevented from growing, It is difficult to physically and mechanically remove the grown algae.

  Conventionally, in order to remove algae from a film on which algae and molds have been propagated, they are chemically peeled off using an acidic or alkaline detergent and then physically washed with a high-pressure washer or brush. There is only an effective method of rubbing in combination with the method, but in a large house etc., there is a risk that the worker will have to go up on the roof of the house and remove the algae and fall from a high place It is a very dangerous and difficult task. For example, if you use sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution to kill algae with chemicals, it is possible to kill algae. However, since it is necessary to remove this from the film, and chemicals are washed away by rain, etc., a sustained effect for preventing the growth of newly attached algae can hardly be expected. There are concerns about the effects of alkaline detergents on the crops in the house and nearby fields.

  In order to improve these, it has been proposed to form a film on the surface of an agricultural film and to contain various anti-algae agents in the polymer polymer for film formation (Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  However, when these coatings are used, when water droplets condensed on the inner surface of the house after spreading are applied to the crops, problems such as the crops withering from those parts occur, and a sufficient amount of the algae can be obtained. Since it cannot be contained, there is a problem as a material for a house for cultivating crops inside, and it has not been applied in the market. In addition, various types of algae, fungicides, and fungicides have been studied in agricultural films, but when inorganic additives are used, it is difficult to increase the surface concentration of the film. However, when the concentration is increased, there are many problems that often involve inhibition of transparency. Further, when an organic additive is used, since the additive moves to the film surface, the durability of the effect is remarkably inferior, so that it has not been applied to a durable film used for a plurality of years.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-8041 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-179028

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily and effectively imparting at least one of antibacterial, algal and antifungal properties to the surface of a covering material for an agricultural house.

  When the material comprising copper is installed outside the agricultural house, when the material comes into contact with water such as rainwater, copper ions are eluted into the water, and the copper ions are algae on the surface of the agricultural house covering material. It discovered that it had the effect which suppresses generation | occurrence | production of one or more of fungi or mold | fungi, and reproduction, and completed this invention.

That is, the present invention
[1] By placing a material comprising copper outside the agricultural house and bringing the material into contact with water to elute the copper ions into the water so that the copper ions are present on the surface of the agricultural house. A method for imparting one or more of antibacterial, algal and antifungal properties to the surface of a covering material for an agricultural house.
[2] The method according to [1], wherein the material containing copper is at least one selected from a copper powder, a copper net, a copper tape, a copper wire, or a copper piece.
[3] The agricultural house covering material is an agricultural vinyl film, an agricultural polyolefin film (including an agricultural polyethylene film, etc.), an agricultural polyester resin film, an agricultural fluorine film, a hard plate, The method according to [1] or [2], which is glass.
[4] The method according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the material containing copper is installed on at least a ceiling portion of an agricultural house.
[5] The method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the material containing copper is installed at a plurality of locations outside the agricultural house.
[6] An agricultural house in which a material containing copper is installed at least on the outside of the agricultural house.
It exists in

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and effectively impart any one or more of antibacterial, antialgal and antifungal properties to the surface of a covering material for an agricultural house. Moreover, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an agricultural house that imparts at least one of antibacterial, algal, and antifungal properties to the surface of the covering material.

Schematic of a non-limiting example of the method of the present invention (example using copper powder) Schematic of a non-limiting example of the method of the invention (Example 1 using copper mesh) Schematic of a non-limiting example of the method of the invention (Example 2 using copper mesh) Schematic of a non-limiting example of the method of the present invention (example using copper tape) Schematic of a non-limiting example of the method of the present invention (example using copper wire)

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a material comprising copper is installed outside an agricultural house, and the material is brought into contact with water so that copper ions are eluted in the water, thereby providing the agricultural house covering material. This is a method for imparting any one or more of antibacterial, algal and antifungal properties to the surface of a covering material for an agricultural house by making copper ions present on the surface.
In the present invention, by providing a material comprising copper in the vicinity of the house surface outside the agricultural house, when the material is brought into contact with water such as rainwater, copper ions are eluted into the water, and the copper ions are agricultural. It exhibits the effect of suppressing the growth of any one or more of algae, fungi or molds on the surface of the covering material of the house. Although not intended to be bound by theory, the method of kneading a copper compound into a conventional agricultural film could not ensure a sufficient copper ion concentration on the film surface, but the method of the present invention Since copper ions are eluted when the material containing copper itself comes into contact with water, a sufficient amount of copper ions can be supplied to the film surface, so that any one or more of algae, fungi or molds can be generated and propagated. It can be effectively suppressed.

In the present invention, as the material containing copper, any material containing copper can be used, but from the viewpoint of anti-algae property, it is selected from copper powder, copper net, copper tape, copper wire or copper piece. It is preferable that it is at least one.
It is effective to use materials with a large surface area from the point of effectively elution of copper ions in contact with water, and the size of the surface area is generally copper powder, copper net, copper tape, copper wire, It is the order of copper pieces. On the other hand, if the copper powder is scattered, the copper concentration in the soil increases and there is a concern about soil contamination. Therefore, it is desirable to appropriately determine the amount of copper powder to be installed on the surface of the house in consideration of this point. In addition, the copper net has a relatively large surface area, but the installation method needs to be devised. Copper tape has a slightly small surface area and may block incident light due to its shape, but it can be avoided if it is placed on a pipe or aggregate that constitutes the housing of the house. is there. Therefore, it is desirable to select appropriate materials according to the structure and shape of the house and the surrounding environment.

  Commercially available copper nets, copper tapes, and copper wires can be used. Moreover, about copper powder, the copper powder for a test (The copper powder by Showa Chemical Co., Ltd., the copper powder by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.)) can be used normally.

  The covering material for an agricultural house in which the method of the present invention is used may be any material as long as it is a film or sheet that is usually used for agriculture. For example, agricultural vinyl film, agricultural polyolefin film (including agricultural polyethylene film), agricultural polyester resin film, agricultural fluorine film, hard board (FRP board, FRA board, MMA board, A layer board etc.) or glass etc. can be used conveniently. Among these, agricultural polyolefin-based films (including agricultural polyethylene-based films, etc.), agricultural polyester-based resin films, and agricultural fluorine-based films, which are materials for long-term spreading that require algae-proofing properties, are used. It is particularly preferable to apply the method of the present invention to a house that has been used.

  The type and structure of the agricultural house is not particularly limited. For example, the house is composed of a so-called roof-type house or a arch-shaped pipe in which a film or sheet made of a synthetic resin is stretched on a house having a roof-type skeleton. For example, a so-called pipe house for an outer covering in which a synthetic resin film or sheet is stretched on the outer frame. As the roof shape, well-known ones such as a double roof type, a single roof type, a three quarter type, a round roof type, a round roof type with a bent part can be used. Moreover, a well-known thing, such as a single building, a continuous building, small size, and a large size, can be used for a house.

Agricultural vinyl film, agricultural polyolefin film (including agricultural polyethylene film), agricultural polyester resin film, agricultural fluorine film, hard board (FRP board, FRA board, MMA board, multilayer board) Etc.) or glass, those usually used as agricultural covering materials are used.
These agricultural vinyl films, agricultural polyolefin films, agricultural polyester resin films, and agricultural fluorine films may be provided with a dust-proof coating on the outer surface when the house is extended. A side surface may be provided with an anti-fogging coating for preventing water droplet adhesion.

The material containing copper is preferably installed at least on the ceiling outside the agricultural house. When a material comprising copper is installed on the outside ceiling of an agricultural house, the copper ions that come into contact with the water such as rainwater and elute into the water flow along with the water along the slope of the house and the entire surface of the house It is possible to give an alga-proofing property to the entire house.
Moreover, it is more preferable that the material containing copper be installed at least near the top of the ceiling portion outside the agricultural house. If it is installed near the top of the ceiling, copper ions will flow downstream and the effect will be easily exerted on the entire ceiling.
Furthermore, in anticipation of antibacterial, antifungal and anti-algae of the side part, the material of the present invention is installed in the shoulder part of the house and the upper part of the side part (preferably near the ceiling part). Can be expected.
Moreover, the material which contains copper can be installed in several places. Depending on the size of the inclined surface of the house, for example, a material containing copper can be installed in the vicinity of the center of the inclined surface in addition to the vicinity of the top of the ceiling.
A schematic diagram of a non-limiting example of providing a material comprising copper on the outside of an agricultural house by the method of the present invention is shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an example using copper powder, FIGS. 2 and 3 show an example using a copper mesh, FIG. 4 shows an example using a copper tape, and FIG. 5 shows an example using a copper wire.

Examples of the method of installing the material containing copper near the outer surface of the agricultural house include, but are not limited to, the following methods.
When the copper-containing material is copper powder, the copper powder can be placed directly on the surface of the house covering material such as a film with a brush (Fig. 1) or in the depth direction of the house. Copper powder, a copper wire, a copper piece, a copper net, a copper tape, etc. can also be installed in the bowl-shaped container provided along. Furthermore, you may provide a recessed part in a house outer surface film, and may install copper powder, a copper wire, a copper piece, a copper net, a copper tape, etc. there. In addition, when the material containing copper is a copper net, copper wire, etc., for example, when installing the material in the depth direction near the ceiling of the house, both ends of the house (near the wife part, and in some cases the intermediate part) It can be installed in the vicinity of the outer surface of the house by attaching the installation material to the wall and moving a copper net, a copper wire or the like between the installation materials (FIGS. 2 and 5). In the case of saddle-like equipment or copper tape, it is possible to install a saddle or attach copper tape along the pipe or aggregate in the depth direction of the house to prevent a decrease in the amount of light incident on the house. (FIG. 4). In the case of a copper tape etc., it can attach simply by using the tape to which the commercially available adhesive was attached.
Moreover, you may put the material which contains copper in an irrigation tube, and this may be installed in the ceiling part at the outer side of an agricultural house. In this case, water containing copper ions flows to the surface of the coating material of the house by watering the irrigation tube, and the surface of the coating material has at least one of antibacterial, algal and antifungal properties. Can be granted. As a material containing copper to be put in the tube, it can be put in the tube and is not particularly limited as long as copper ions are eluted by water, in addition to copper powder, copper wire and copper net, A copper piece or the like can also be used.

  In order to bring a material comprising copper into contact with water, it is usually simple and effective to use rainwater (see FIGS. 1 to 5). In addition, if necessary, near the top of the material containing copper, a tube with a small hole is provided at regular intervals to allow water to flow, and water is supplied to the material containing copper regularly or irregularly. You can also apply. Copper powder, copper wire, copper pieces, copper mesh, copper tape, etc. are put in the tube, and copper ions are eluted in the water in the tube, so that any of antibacterial, antialgal or antifungal properties is more effective. One or more characteristics can also be imparted.

Another embodiment of the present invention is an agricultural house in which a material comprising copper is installed outside the agricultural house.
In a preferred aspect of the present invention, a material comprising copper is installed at least on the outside of the agricultural house, more preferably at least near the top of the ceiling.

  The type and structure of the agricultural house is not particularly limited. For example, a so-called roof type house in which a film or sheet made of a synthetic resin is stretched on a house having a roof type skeleton as described above, or an arch shape. There is a so-called pipe house for the outer wall in which a synthetic resin film or sheet is stretched on a frame for the outer wall composed of this pipe. As the roof shape, well-known ones such as a double roof type, a single roof type, a three quarter type, a round roof type, a round roof type with a bent part can be used. Moreover, a well-known thing, such as a single building, a continuous building, small size, and a large size, can be used for a house.

  The agricultural house of the present invention is characterized in that a material containing copper is installed on the outside thereof. Examples of the material containing copper include the above-described copper powder, copper net, copper tape, copper wire, and copper piece.

  The agricultural house of the present invention preferably has a jig for installing these materials. As such a jig, when the material containing copper is copper powder, a bowl-like container provided along the depth direction of the house is exemplified, and the material containing copper is a copper net, a copper wire. In this case, for example, there are materials for installation in which both ends of the house (near the wife, and in some cases, the middle) also have copper mesh and copper wire (see FIGS. 2 and 5).

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example and a comparative example, this invention is not limited to the following examples, unless the summary is exceeded.

[Materials used]
(1) Agricultural polyolefin film An agricultural polyolefin film having the composition described in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in Table 1 was used. Moreover, in Comparative Examples 3-12, the polyolefin film for agriculture which added the antibacterial agent, the mold prevention agent, the algae prevention agent, or the copper-type heat shield agent to this composition was used.
(2) Mold-proof / algae-proof treatment (A) Copper powder (for reagent): Copper powder (first grade) manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.
Copper tape: Adhesive copper tape with a width of 10 mm, a length of 50 m, and a thickness of 0.065 mm Copper mesh A: Copper mesh (0.3 × 450 × 500 mm) manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd.
Copper mesh B: Commercially available copper mesh (B) Antibacterial and freshness-retaining agent Allyl mustard oil Sustained release tube: “Wasaolo” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Co., Ltd.
(C) Antibacterial, antifungal and algaeproofing antibacterial, antifungal and algaeproofing agent A: Sanai Oil Co., Ltd. "Sanisole"
Antibacterial / antifungal / algae-proofing agent B: “SK-IPBC” manufactured by Sanai Oil Co., Ltd.
Antibacterial / antifungal / algae-proofing agent C: “Coatside 331B” manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.
Antibacterial, antifungal, and algae repellent D: “Sulaoff 94” manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.
Antibacterial / antifungal / algaeproof agent E: Masterbatch “PEX CLA-73 AL” manufactured by Tokyo Ink Co., Ltd.
Antibacterial / antifungal / algae-proofing agent F: “Kenifine” manufactured by Kobe Steel
Antibacterial / antifungal / algae-proofing agent G: “M” manufactured by MCI Co., Ltd .: Original kind
Antibacterial / antifungal / algaeproofing agent H: “OJ” manufactured by MCI Co., Ltd .: Obsinate Joint
Antibacterial / antifungal / algae repellent I: “7” manufactured by MCI Co., Ltd .: Hybrid Sven
(D) Copper-based heat shield agent Copper-based heat shield agent A: Copper-containing heat shield agent described in Patent 4749388

[Test method]
A stand was installed on a farm in Fujieda City, Shizuoka Prefecture, and a space of 1 cm or more between each sample of 20 cm long × 30 cm wide was extended on April 11, 2016 so that there was no influence between each sample. (Applied). After spreading, the development of algae in each sample after a certain period was observed and evaluated on August 29, 2016 according to the following evaluation method.
Each sample was randomly placed by taking a plurality of repetitions in order to eliminate the influence of the pasting position, and when the evaluation result was shaken, it was shown in the range of the upper and lower limits of the evaluation result.

[Evaluation method]
Algae resistance was evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
×: Molds and algae are fixed and cover the entire film, and cannot be completely seen. Δ: Molds and algae spread and cover more than 50% of the film area. ○: Molds and algae cover 25% of the film area. State covering -50% ◎: State where mold and algae cover less than 25% of film area

[Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
In Example 1, the copper powder (for reagent) was thinly applied with a brush on the sample surface so as to have a width of 2 to 3 cm in the width direction of the upper part of the sample.
In Example 2, a copper tape was cut and pasted in the width direction of 30 cm at the top of the sample.
In Example 3, the copper net A was cut to a width of 2 cm, and the sample was cut and pasted in the width direction of 30 cm above the sample.
In Example 4, the copper net B was cut into a width of 2 cm, and was cut into a width direction of 30 cm at the top of the sample and pasted.
In Comparative Example 1, an allyl mustard oil sustained-release tube ("Wasaolo" manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods Co., Ltd.) was provided on the sample surface. In Comparative Example 2, the sample was not subjected to mold / algae treatment. Table 1 shows the results of the evaluation of the algal resistance of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[Table 1]

[Comparative Examples 3 to 12]
In Comparative Examples 3 to 7 and 9 to 12, antibacterial / antifungal / algae-proofing agents A to I were added to the outer layer of the agricultural polyolefin film, and in Comparative Example 8, the copper-based heat insulating agent was added to the agricultural polyolefin film. Added to the outer layer.
Tables 2 and 3 show the results of the evaluation of the algal resistance of Comparative Examples 3 to 12.

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

  As shown in Tables 1 to 3, in Examples 1 to 4 using the method of the present invention, when an allyl mustard oil sustained-release tube was used (Comparative Example 1), an antibacterial / antifungal / algae-proofing agent was incorporated. When using an agricultural polyolefin film (Comparative Examples 3 to 7 and 9 to 12), superior anti-algae properties compared to a case where a copper heat shield is kneaded into an agricultural polyolefin film (Comparative Example 8) Show.

Claims (6)

  A material comprising copper is installed outside the agricultural house, and by bringing the material into contact with water, the copper ions are eluted in the water and the copper ions are present on the surface of the agricultural house. A method of imparting at least one of antibacterial, algal and fungicidal properties to the surface of a house covering material.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the material comprising copper is at least one selected from copper powder, copper net, copper tape, copper wire, or copper piece.   The agricultural house covering material is an agricultural vinyl film, an agricultural polyolefin film (including an agricultural polyethylene film), an agricultural polyester resin film, an agricultural fluorine film, a hard plate, or glass. The method according to claim 1 or 2.   The method of any one of Claims 1-3 which installs the material which comprises the said copper in the ceiling part at least of an agricultural house.   The method of any one of Claims 1-4 which installs the material which contains the said copper in the several location outside an agricultural house.   An agricultural house in which materials comprising copper are installed at least on the outside of the agricultural house.

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