JP2018078469A - Power combiner/distributor - Google Patents

Power combiner/distributor Download PDF

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JP2018078469A
JP2018078469A JP2016219503A JP2016219503A JP2018078469A JP 2018078469 A JP2018078469 A JP 2018078469A JP 2016219503 A JP2016219503 A JP 2016219503A JP 2016219503 A JP2016219503 A JP 2016219503A JP 2018078469 A JP2018078469 A JP 2018078469A
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branch
central
power combiner
distributor
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JP6795382B2 (en
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南谷　康次郎
Kojiro Minamitani
康次郎 南谷
宏幸 梅原
Hiroyuki Umehara
宏幸 梅原
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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New Japan Radio Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the cost by reducing deviation of transmission characteristics.SOLUTION: In a configuration where a center line 4 consisting of a coaxial line is arranged on an upper member 1, multiple branch lines 7 of the coaxial line are arranged on a lower member 2, and a radial line 3 is formed between the upper member 1 and the lower member 2, a mating hole 9 is formed in the upper member 1 in the same direction as the center line 4. Center conductor 7a of a branch connector 8 is arranged on the branch line, and the center conductor 7a is inserted into the mating hole 9, and fixed by means of a set screw 10 screwed from the side of the upper member 1. An amplifier can be connected directly with the body, by removing the branch connector 8, and fixing the center conductor 7a, stretched from the amplifier to the mating hole 9 from the branch line.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は電力合成・分配器、特にマイクロ波電力を複数に分岐し又は複数の電力を合成する電力合成・分配器の構成に関する。   The present invention relates to a power combiner / distributor, and more particularly to a configuration of a power combiner / distributor that divides microwave power into a plurality of parts or combines a plurality of powers.

図３に、ラジアル線路を用いた電力合成・分配器の構成が示されており、この電力合成・分配器は、中央線路（同軸線路）２１、円柱状空間を持つラジアル線路２２、中央線路２１の周囲に配置され、同軸線路からなる複数の分岐線路２３を有している。このような電力合成・分配器（回路）は、中央線路２１を中心として等距離に各分岐線路２３を配置することにより、各分岐線路２３のマイクロ波を等振幅、等位相に設定でき、電力の合成又は分配に適した構造を持つ。また、ラジアル線路２２は、空間を使用しており、ウィルキンソン型のように誘電体基板等を用いた電力合成・分配器と比較して伝送損失が小さく、大電力のマイクロ波を扱うことが可能であるという長所がある。   FIG. 3 shows a configuration of a power combiner / distributor using a radial line. The power combiner / distributor includes a central line (coaxial line) 21, a radial line 22 having a cylindrical space, and a central line 21. And a plurality of branch lines 23 made of coaxial lines. Such a power combiner / distributor (circuit) can set the microwaves of each branch line 23 to have equal amplitude and equal phase by arranging the branch lines 23 at equal distances around the central line 21. It has a structure suitable for synthesis or distribution. In addition, the radial line 22 uses a space, has a smaller transmission loss than a power combiner / distributor using a dielectric substrate or the like, such as a Wilkinson type, and can handle a high-power microwave. There is an advantage of being.

特開昭６３−３００６０５号公報JP-A-63-300605 特開平１０−２７０９１５号公報JP-A-10-270915 特開２０１３−１５０１４３号公報JP 2013-150143 A

ところで、低損失で大電力を扱うことのできるラジアル線路２２を用いた電力合成・分配器では、分岐線路２３の数（分岐数）が多くなり、各分岐線路２３が理想的な位置、即ちラジアル線路２２の中心から等距離かつ等間隔の配置からずれた場合には、電力の合成又は分配に求められる特性（伝送の各種特性）のずれが大きくなってしまうという問題がある。   By the way, in the power combiner / distributor using the radial line 22 that can handle a large amount of power with low loss, the number of branch lines 23 (the number of branches) increases, and each branch line 23 is in an ideal position, that is, radial. When deviating from the arrangement of equal distance and equal distance from the center of the line 22, there is a problem that deviation of characteristics (various characteristics of transmission) required for combining or distributing electric power becomes large.

従来では、上記の特性のずれを防ぐために、ラジアル線路２２と分岐線路２３の結合にスロットを用いたり（上記特許文献１）、複雑な形状のインピーダンス変換部を設けたり（上記特許文献２）、ラジアル線路のインピーダンスに勾配を設けたり（上記特許文献３）する等、複雑な構造が採用されるが、このような特性のずれを緩和するための複雑な構造では、電力合成・分配器の低コスト化を図ることが困難であった。   Conventionally, in order to prevent the above-described deviation in characteristics, a slot is used for coupling the radial line 22 and the branch line 23 (Patent Document 1), or an impedance converter having a complicated shape is provided (Patent Document 2). A complicated structure such as providing a gradient in the impedance of the radial line (Patent Document 3) is adopted. However, in a complicated structure for alleviating such a deviation in characteristics, the power combiner / distributor is low. It was difficult to reduce costs.

本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、伝送特性のずれを小さくすることができ、低コスト化を図ることが可能となる電力合成・分配器を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a power combiner / distributor that can reduce a shift in transmission characteristics and reduce costs.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項１の発明は、同軸線路からなる中央線路、ラジアル線路及び上記中央線路の周囲の複数の分岐線路を有する電力合成・分配器において、上記複数の分岐線路を同軸線路とし、上記ラジアル線路の壁面に係合孔を設け、この係合孔に、上記ラジアル線路内に延伸させた上記分岐線路の中心導体を挿入配置することを特徴とする。
請求項２の発明は、上記中央線路が配置される上側又は下側の一方の部材と上記分岐線路が配置される上側又は下側の他方の部材との間に上記ラジアル線路を形成する構成からなり、上記中央線路の周囲の上記一方の部材に、上記中央線路と同一方向にて上記係合孔を設けたことを特徴とする。
請求項３の発明は、上記一方の部材の係合孔に挿入した上記分岐線路の中心導体を、止めネジで固定することを特徴とする。
請求項４の発明は、上記他方の部材に形成した上記分岐線路の外導体の孔及び上記一方の部材に設けた上記係合孔に、増幅器側の中心導体を挿入配置し、この中心導体を上記止めネジにて上記係合孔に固定することにより、上記増幅器を本体に直接的に取り付けたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is a power combiner / distributor having a central line made of coaxial lines, a radial line, and a plurality of branch lines around the central line. A coaxial line is formed, and an engagement hole is provided in a wall surface of the radial line, and a center conductor of the branch line extended into the radial line is inserted and disposed in the engagement hole.
The invention according to claim 2 is a configuration in which the radial line is formed between one member on the upper side or the lower side where the central line is arranged and the other member on the upper side or the lower side where the branch line is arranged. Thus, the engagement hole is provided in the one member around the central line in the same direction as the central line.
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the center conductor of the branch line inserted into the engagement hole of the one member is fixed with a set screw.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an amplifier-side central conductor is inserted and disposed in the outer conductor hole of the branch line formed in the other member and the engagement hole provided in the one member. The amplifier is directly attached to the main body by being fixed to the engagement hole with the set screw.

上記の構成によれば、中央線路が配置される例えば上側部材（一方の部材）に、中央線路と同一方向で係合孔が形成され、この係合孔に、ラジアル線路に延伸した分岐線路の中心導体が係合され、固定される。この上側部材に、上記中央線路の外導体となる円形孔を形成する場合は、上側部材の同一面側から円形孔と共に係合孔を加工形成する（円形孔を中心としてその周囲に係合孔を形成する）ことが好ましい。
また、係合孔に挿入された中心導体は、上側部材の側面等からねじ込まれた止めネジで固定することができる。 According to said structure, an engagement hole is formed in the same direction as a center line in the upper member (one member) where a center line is arrange | positioned, and the branch line extended to the radial line is formed in this engagement hole. The center conductor is engaged and secured. When a circular hole serving as the outer conductor of the central line is formed in the upper member, an engagement hole is processed and formed together with the circular hole from the same surface side of the upper member (the engagement hole is formed around the circular hole around it). Are preferably formed).
Further, the central conductor inserted into the engagement hole can be fixed with a set screw screwed from the side surface of the upper member.

また、電力合成・分配器を増幅器の電力合成回路に使用する場合、次のような手順で増幅器としての十分な特性を確保することができる。
まず、各分岐線路に、分岐部コネクタ側の中心導体を延伸させた部分を取り付け、この中心導体が係合孔に止めネジで固定され、ラジアル線路に結合される。この分岐部コネクタを取り付けることで、ラジアル線路中心の中央線路と各分岐線路間の伝送特性を測定することが可能となる。この測定で、良好な特性が得られていると判断した後、止めネジを緩め、中心導体を分岐部コネクタと共に取り外す。次に、コネクタを取り外した各分岐線路部分に、増幅回路側の中心導体を延伸させた部分を取り付け、この中心導体を止めネジで係合孔に固定し増幅回路として使用する。このようにして、電力合成・分配器の伝送特性が担保され、増幅器の電力の確実な合成が可能となる。 When the power combiner / distributor is used in a power combiner circuit of an amplifier, sufficient characteristics as an amplifier can be ensured by the following procedure.
First, a portion obtained by extending the central conductor on the branch connector side is attached to each branch line, and the central conductor is fixed to the engagement hole with a set screw and coupled to the radial line. By attaching this branch connector, it is possible to measure the transmission characteristics between the central line at the center of the radial line and each branch line. After judging that good characteristics are obtained by this measurement, the set screw is loosened, and the central conductor is removed together with the branch connector. Next, a portion where the central conductor on the amplification circuit side is extended is attached to each branch line portion from which the connector is removed, and this central conductor is fixed to the engagement hole with a set screw, and used as an amplification circuit. In this way, the transmission characteristics of the power combiner / distributor are ensured, and the power of the amplifier can be reliably combined.

本発明によれば、ラジアル線路を形成する一体の上側又は下側の部材に、中央線路のための孔と、分岐線路の中心導体のための孔とを機械加工することにより、中央線路と分岐線路との位置精度を上げることができる。この結果、伝送の各種特性のずれを小さくすることができ、低コスト化を図ることも可能となる。
また、電力合成・分配器を増幅器の電力合成回路に使用する場合は、測定により電力合成器の良好な伝送特性を確保した上で、増幅器の取付けが容易になるという利点がある。 According to the present invention, a central line and a branch are formed by machining a hole for the central line and a hole for the central conductor of the branch line in the integral upper or lower member forming the radial line. The positional accuracy with the track can be increased. As a result, it is possible to reduce the deviation in various characteristics of transmission and to reduce the cost.
Further, when the power combiner / distributor is used in the power combiner circuit of the amplifier, there is an advantage that the amplifier can be easily attached after ensuring good transmission characteristics of the power combiner by measurement.

本発明の第１実施例の電力合成・分配器の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the electric power combiner / distributor of 1st Example of this invention. 第２実施例の電力合成・分配器の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the electric power combiner / distributor of 2nd Example. 従来の電力合成・分配器の構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional electric power combiner / distributor.

図１に、第１実施例の電力合成・分配器の構成が示されており、この図１において、符号１は導体である上側部材、２は導体である下側部材で、これらにより筐体（本体）が構成される。３は、上側部材１と下側部材２の間に形成されたラジアル線路であり、このラジアル線路３は、略円柱形の空間となる。４は、同軸線路からなる中央線路、５は中央線路４に接続された中央部コネクタであり、上記上側部材１の円形孔部分は中央線路４の外導体を兼ね、中央線路４の中心導体は下側部材２に接続される。   FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the power combiner / distributor of the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an upper member which is a conductor, and 2 denotes a lower member which is a conductor. (Main body) is configured. Reference numeral 3 denotes a radial line formed between the upper member 1 and the lower member 2, and the radial line 3 is a substantially cylindrical space. 4 is a central line made of a coaxial line, 5 is a central connector connected to the central line 4, and the circular hole portion of the upper member 1 also serves as an outer conductor of the central line 4, and the central conductor of the central line 4 is Connected to the lower member 2.

図１の７は、同軸線路からなる分岐線路、８は分岐線路７に接続された分岐部コネクタであり、下側部材２の円形孔部分は分岐線路７の外導体を兼ね、分岐線路７の中心導体７ａは、分岐部コネクタ８の中心導体を延伸したものを利用している。この分岐線路７は、中央線路４から等距離でそれぞれが等間隔となるように、複数配置される。９は、分岐線路７の中心導体７ａを挿入する嵌合孔（係合孔）、１０は止めネジ、１１はインピーダンス整合部である。   1 is a branch line composed of coaxial lines, 8 is a branch connector connected to the branch line 7, and the circular hole portion of the lower member 2 also serves as an outer conductor of the branch line 7. As the center conductor 7a, an extension of the center conductor of the branch connector 8 is used. A plurality of the branch lines 7 are arranged so as to be equidistant from the central line 4 at equal distances. 9 is a fitting hole (engagement hole) for inserting the central conductor 7a of the branch line 7, 10 is a set screw, and 11 is an impedance matching portion.

上記上側部材１の中央線路４の外導体となる円形孔の加工と、複数の嵌合孔９の円形孔の加工は、上側部材１の同一面内（外表面又はインピーダンス整合部１１が設けられた内面）において機械加工することで（同じ工程で）実施され、上側部材１の中央の孔に、中央線路４の中心導体が取り付けられ、複数の嵌合孔９には、中心導体７ａ（分岐部コネクタ８の中心導体）が嵌合され、上側部材１の側面方向からねじ込まれた止めネジ１０で固定される。   The processing of the circular hole serving as the outer conductor of the central line 4 of the upper member 1 and the processing of the circular holes of the plurality of fitting holes 9 are performed in the same plane (the outer surface or the impedance matching portion 11 is provided). (In the same process), the central conductor of the central line 4 is attached to the central hole of the upper member 1, and the central conductor 7 a (branch) is connected to the plurality of fitting holes 9. The center conductor of the partial connector 8 is fitted and fixed with a set screw 10 screwed from the side surface direction of the upper member 1.

このような電力合成・分配器によれば、電力分配器として用いられる場合、入力された高周波電力が中央線路５からラジアル線路３に伝わり、中央線路５の中心導体から等距離に設置された複数の分岐線路７の中心導体７ａに達し、これらの分岐線路７に等しく電力が分配される。また、電力合成器として用いられる場合は、電力の流れの方向が逆となり、分岐線路７から入力される電力の合成が可能となる。なお、インピーダンス整合部１１は、ラジアル線路３と分岐線路７の間の入出力のインピーダンスを合わせるように機能する。   According to such a power combiner / distributor, when used as a power distributor, the input high-frequency power is transmitted from the central line 5 to the radial line 3 and is installed at a plurality of distances equidistant from the central conductor of the central line 5. Reaches the central conductor 7 a of the branch line 7, and power is equally distributed to these branch lines 7. When used as a power combiner, the direction of power flow is reversed, and the power input from the branch line 7 can be combined. The impedance matching unit 11 functions to match the input / output impedance between the radial line 3 and the branch line 7.

電力の合成・分配において、伝送特性のずれをなくすには、高精度にて、分岐線路７の位置が中心から等距離で、かつ各分岐線路間の距離も等しくする必要があるが、実施例では、上記上側部材１における中央線路４の外導体の孔加工と、分岐線路７の中心導体７ａのための嵌合孔９の加工を、上側部材１の同一面内での機械加工としており、これらの孔の位置精度は、機械加工のみで決まり、組立での位置ずれが殆ど生じないため、その電力の分配及び合成は理想に近い特性となる。   In order to eliminate transmission characteristic deviation in power combining / distribution, the position of the branch line 7 must be equidistant from the center and the distance between the branch lines must be equalized with high accuracy. Then, the hole processing of the outer conductor of the central line 4 in the upper member 1 and the processing of the fitting hole 9 for the central conductor 7a of the branch line 7 are machined in the same plane of the upper member 1, Since the positional accuracy of these holes is determined only by machining and there is almost no positional deviation during assembly, the power distribution and synthesis are characteristics close to ideal.

図２に、第２実施例の構成が示されており、この第２実施例は、電力合成・分配器を複数の増幅器の出力電力合成に利用したものである。
図２において、１３は複数配置された増幅器であり、図１の止めネジ１０を緩めて分岐部コネクタ８を取り外した後、その代わりに増幅器１３及び中心導体７ａを取り付けるようにする。即ち、増幅器１３側に配置された中心導体を延伸させ、これを分岐線路７の中心導体７ａとして嵌合孔９に挿入し、止めネジ１０で固定する。この止めネジ１０は、増幅器としての特性が確保された後に、導電性接着剤等を用いて固着させてもよく、この止めネジ１０によって増幅器１３が本体（筐体）に取り付けられる。 FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, a power combiner / distributor is used for combining output power of a plurality of amplifiers.
In FIG. 2, a plurality of amplifiers 13 are arranged. After the set screw 10 of FIG. 1 is loosened and the branch connector 8 is removed, the amplifier 13 and the central conductor 7a are attached instead. That is, the central conductor arranged on the amplifier 13 side is extended, inserted into the fitting hole 9 as the central conductor 7 a of the branch line 7, and fixed with the set screw 10. The set screw 10 may be secured using a conductive adhesive after the characteristics as an amplifier are secured, and the amplifier 13 is attached to the main body (housing) by the set screw 10.

従来の電力合成・分配器では、通常、コネクタ部分の取外しができない構造となっているので、増幅器１３との結線には、増幅器側のコネクタ（例えばオス側）と電力合成器側のコネクタ（例えばメス側）とを接続し、両方の同軸線路を連結する必要があり、この連結線路部分での伝送特性のばらつきが避けられず、合成電力の低下が生じ易いという問題があった。
しかし、第２実施例では、コネクタ接続を利用せずに、増幅器１３を電力合成・分配器に直接接続することが可能となるので、同軸線路の連結による合成電力の低下が防止できるという利点がある。なお、電力合成・分配器としての特性測定は、分岐部コネクタ８を取り付けた状態で、この分岐部コネクタ８と中央部コネクタ５間の伝送特性を測定することで実施することができる。 Conventional power combiners / distributors usually have a structure in which the connector portion cannot be removed. Therefore, a connector on the amplifier side (for example, male side) and a connector on the power combiner side (for example, on the power combiner side) (Female side) must be connected, and both coaxial lines need to be connected, and there is a problem in that variations in transmission characteristics in the connecting line part are unavoidable and the combined power tends to decrease.
However, in the second embodiment, it is possible to directly connect the amplifier 13 to the power combiner / distributor without using the connector connection. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the combined power due to the connection of the coaxial lines. is there. The characteristic measurement as the power combiner / distributor can be performed by measuring the transmission characteristic between the branch connector 8 and the central connector 5 with the branch connector 8 attached.

上記実施例では、分岐部コネクタ８又は増幅器１３を中央部コネクタ５の反対側に設けたが、これら分岐部コネクタ８又は増幅器１３を中央部コネクタ５（上側部材１）側に配置し、下側部材２に設けた嵌合孔９へ中心導体７ａを挿入・固定するようにしてもよい。   In the above embodiment, the branch connector 8 or the amplifier 13 is provided on the opposite side of the central connector 5. However, the branch connector 8 or the amplifier 13 is disposed on the central connector 5 (upper member 1) side, and the lower side. The center conductor 7a may be inserted into and fixed to the fitting hole 9 provided in the member 2.

１…上側部材、 ２…下側部材、
３，２２…ラジアル線路、 ４，２１…中央線路（同軸線路）、
５…中央部コネクタ、 ７，２３…分岐線路（同軸線路）、
７ａ…中心導体、 ８…分岐部コネクタ、
９…嵌合孔（係合孔）、 １０…止めネジ、
１１…インピーダンス整合部、１３…増幅器。 1 ... Upper member, 2 ... Lower member,
3, 22 ... radial line, 4, 21 ... central line (coaxial line),
5 ... Central connector 7, 23 ... Branch line (coaxial line),
7a ... center conductor, 8 ... branch connector,
9 ... fitting hole (engagement hole), 10 ... set screw,
11: Impedance matching unit, 13: Amplifier.

Claims (4)

同軸線路からなる中央線路、ラジアル線路及び上記中央線路の周囲の複数の分岐線路を有する電力合成・分配器において、
上記複数の分岐線路を同軸線路とし、
上記ラジアル線路の壁面に係合孔を設け、
この係合孔に、上記ラジアル線路内に延伸させた上記分岐線路の中心導体を挿入配置することを特徴とする電力合成・分配器。 In a power combiner / distributor having a central line composed of coaxial lines, a radial line, and a plurality of branch lines around the central line,
The plurality of branch lines are coaxial lines,
An engagement hole is provided in the wall surface of the radial line,
A power combiner / distributor, wherein the center conductor of the branch line extended into the radial line is inserted and disposed in the engagement hole. 上記中央線路が配置される上側又は下側の一方の部材と上記分岐線路が配置される上側又は下側の他方の部材との間に上記ラジアル線路を形成する構成からなり、上記中央線路の周囲の上記一方の部材に、上記中央線路と同一方向にて上記係合孔を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の電力合成・分配器。   The radial line is formed between one member on the upper side or the lower side where the central line is arranged and the other member on the upper side or the lower side where the branch line is arranged, and the periphery of the central line 2. The power combiner / distributor according to claim 1, wherein the one of the members is provided with the engagement hole in the same direction as the central line. 上記一方の部材の係合孔に挿入した上記分岐線路の中心導体を、止めネジで固定することを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の電力合成・分配器。   3. The power combiner / distributor according to claim 1, wherein a central conductor of the branch line inserted into the engagement hole of the one member is fixed with a set screw. 上記他方の部材に形成した上記分岐線路の外導体の孔及び上記一方の部材に設けた上記係合孔に、増幅器側の中心導体を挿入配置し、この中心導体を上記止めネジにて上記係合孔に固定することにより、上記増幅器を本体に直接的に取り付けたことを特徴とする請求項３記載の電力合成・分配器。   The center conductor on the amplifier side is inserted and disposed in the outer conductor hole of the branch line formed in the other member and the engagement hole provided in the one member, and the center conductor is engaged with the engagement screw by the set screw. 4. The power combiner / distributor according to claim 3, wherein the amplifier is directly attached to the main body by being fixed to the joint hole.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108767405A (en) * 2018-07-06 2018-11-06 电子科技大学 A kind of small-sized micro coaxle multi-path power divider with high isolation characteristic

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