JP2018074951A - Method for discriminating state of bagworm in nest, and method for sampling bagworm in active period - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To establish and provide a method for discriminating the state of a bagworm inside a nest from the outside of the nest for the nest of the bagworm retained at a support medium.SOLUTION: The eating of a bagworm positioned in the vicinity of a support medium retaining part 302 and the presence or absence of a hole in a moving opening 304 are confirmed. In the case of the presence of a hole, it is decided that the bagworm in a nest is in an active period.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for identifying the state of a worm on the nest from outside the nest, and a method for selecting and collecting an active worm on the nest.

  Common worm (Basket worm, alias "bag worm") is a general term for moth larvae belonging to the order Lepidoptera (Psychidae), usually a spindle-shaped or cylindrical nest with leaf and branch pieces entwined with thread ( It is known to live in the whole larval stage with the nest, such as lurking in the bag nest (FIG. 1A) and moving with the nest during feeding.

  In recent years, silkworms sprung by this caterpillar (often referred to as “Minomeshi silk thread”) have superior properties to silkworm-derived silk thread (often referred to herein as “silk silk silk”). Has attracted attention as a new natural animal fiber material.

  Silkworm silk has a characteristic that it is beautiful, supple, light, and soft to the skin because it has a glossy fiber and is thinner than mammalian fibers, compared to animal fibers derived from mammalian body hair such as wool. Have. Therefore, it has established itself as a high-class fiber among natural fibers.

  On the other hand, not only silkworm silk has the same or better luster and glossiness than silkworm silk, but also has the characteristic that the cross-sectional area of a single fiber is only about 1/7 that of silkworm silk, so it is better than silkworm silk. Furthermore, it is possible to produce a fine and smooth texture and a thin and light cloth.

  In addition, as well as the silkworm silk thread, there is a spider-derived thread (often referred to as “spider thread” in this specification) as an animal fiber-based natural new material that has been attracting attention in recent years. In addition to flexibility, spider silk has elasticity that is not found in silkworm silk, and has a high elasticity of 5-6 times that of polystyrene. Medical materials such as surgical sutures, disaster prevention ropes and protection It is expected as a special material such as clothes (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  On the other hand, Minomushi silk has mechanical properties that are even higher than those of spider silk. For example, the Eumeta minuscula silkworm silk thread has an extremely strong strength 2.5 times that of the Nephila clavata spider silk (Non-Patent Documents 1 and 3).

  That is, it can be said that Minomushi silk is a very useful natural new material having the advantages of silkworm silk and spider silk.

  However, Minomushi silk has several problems to be solved when it is industrialized. For example, as described above, the caterpillar lives with the nest during the entire larval stage, but in principle, lurks inside the nest except during feeding or movement. In such a case, the nest is usually tied to a branch, a leaf, or the like (FIG. 1A). This characteristic of the caterpillar is a problem at the time of collecting and rearing the caterpillar. In the case of silkworms that do not make nests, it is relatively easy to move and collect parasites in the exchange of feed leaves and in the upper wings (moving mature silkworms to the eyelids for nesting). Usually, silkworm rearing is used for feeding silkworms, feeding the mulberry leaves as branches. In this method, when bait is exchanged, new leaves with branches are provided, while old baits with only branches are collected. Silkworms on old branches can be easily separated by simply shaking lightly on new bait and falling off old branches. In other words, in the case of silkworms, the movement of worms during the exchange of feed leaves is not a problem. As for the breeding of caterpillars, the leaves with branches can be fed as well as the upper mulberry. However, in the case of a caterpillar, the nest is connected to a branch or the like with a caterpillar silk thread as described above except during feeding or movement. When collecting old branches at the time of bait exchange, or collecting caterpillars from the field, the nest cannot be separated by swinging the branches. Inevitably, forced separation such as pulling the nest away from the branch is unavoidable. However, the caterpillar lurking inside the nest is generally in a resting state, a state before and after molting, a wintering state, and a forehead state. In a resting state, moving the nest away from the branch and moving it to a new location does not cause much of a problem, and usually the action can be resumed immediately. On the other hand, the worm body in the state before and after molting and the prone state where the worm body itself is unstable due to internal changes has a high possibility of dying due to the stress caused by the nest collection and the movement. In addition, individuals who have entered the wintering state often do not resume their activities immediately after the nest is collected. As described above, the recovery and movement of the wormworm nest can greatly affect the collection efficiency, breeding efficiency, and production efficiency of the wormworm.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems that may inevitably occur when collecting a nest from a branch, it is only necessary to select a resting nest from the branch and separate it from the branch. . However, in general, it is difficult to identify the state of the caterpillar in the nest from the outside of the nest. In addition, since the worm insect industry is still in its infancy, a method for accurately identifying such a state has not been established.

Shigeyoshi Osaki, 2002, Journal of the Textile Society of Japan (Fiber and Industry), 58: 74-78 Kuwana Y, et al., 2014, PLoS One, DOI: 10.1371 /journal.pone.0105325 Gosline J. M. et al., 1999, 202, 3295-3303

  An object of the present invention is to develop and provide a method for identifying the state of a bug in the nest from the outside of the bug's nest.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted research and found that, in the beetles resting in the nest, an opening for feeding and moving (often referred to as “head opening” in this specification). It was found that the head opening was almost completely closed in the worms in the resting state, whereas the head opening was in the resting state. Therefore, by confirming the opening state of the head opening in the nest, it is possible to easily identify the state of the worm in the nest, and by collecting the nest having a hole in the head opening, only the active worm It was revealed that can be selectively collected. This invention is based on the said knowledge and provides the following.

(1) A method for identifying the state of a caterpillar in a nest that is anchored to a support, and the step of confirming the presence or absence of holes in the mouth for feeding and moving the caterpillar located in the vicinity of the support anchor And the method of determining a caterpillar in a nest having a hole in the opening as an active caterpillar.
(2) The method according to (1), wherein the holes can be visually confirmed.
(3) A method for collecting active bugs from a nest connected to a support, wherein the bugs determined to be active by the method described in (1) or (2) are separated from the support together with the nests The method comprising the step of:
(4) A method for collecting active stink bugs from a nest anchored to a support, wherein a snail nest having a hole in an opening for feeding and transporting the caterpillars located near the support anchoring part. Said method comprising the step of separating from the support.
(5) A method for moving a nest of nest beetle anchored to a support, the method comprising the step of transferring a nest beetle collected by the method according to (3) or (4) to a target location together with the nest.
(6) The moving method according to (5), wherein the target place is a place where fresh bait leaves are arranged.
(7) A method of selecting resting stink bugs in a nest anchored to a support, wherein the nest determined to be active by the method according to (1) or (2) is removed from the support Including said method.
(8) The method according to (7), wherein the resting period is selected from the group consisting of a premature stage, a dormant period, a spider stage, and an adult stage.

  According to the identification method of the present invention, the state of the caterpillar in the nest can be easily identified from the outside of the nest. Moreover, when separating the nest of nest beetles from branches and the like, only active pests can be selectively collected. This reduces the mortality of caterpillars after collection and enables immediate action after collection.

A: It is an external view of the nest of a giant worm (Oomino moth). The arrow in the figure indicates the support locking part. B: It is a figure which shows the giant caterpillar which exposed the head and chest from the nest. The arrows in the figure indicate holes in the openings for feeding and moving the caterpillars. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the state in the nest of a caterpillar. In the figure, A indicates the active stage, and R1 to R5 indicate the rest stage. B in the activity period of A indicates a rest period (break). R1 indicates molting, R2 indicates dormancy, and R3 indicates prone. In the nest there are caterpillars that are mainly larvae, but depending on the season, moths can also exist. In addition, some species of moths spend their entire adult life in the nest. Therefore, in this specification, the pupal stage indicated by R4 and the adult stage indicated by R5 are also included in the resting period of the caterpillar. It is a conceptual diagram of the nest which shows the state of a caterpillar. A is a nest having a hole in the head opening (0304), and B and C are nests having no hole. A is a nest in which active caterpillars lurk, and B and C are nests in which resting caterpillars lurk. It is a figure which shows the opening state of the head opening part in a nest of Oominoga. A indicates a nest having a hole (arrow) in the opening. In this case, the bug in the nest is active. B indicates a nest having no hole in the opening. In this case, the worms in the nest are at rest. In both A and B, the arrowhead indicates the support locking part. The collection of the nest and the resumption of activity afterwards are shown in juvenile giant caterpillars. In the figure, (a) is a nest of active larvae in which the head and chest are exposed from the head opening of the nest and movement and feeding behavior are performed. (B) is a nest of active larvae with a hole in the head opening in the nest anchored to the support. (C) is a resting larval nest in which no hole exists in the head opening in the nest anchored to the support. The collection of the nest attached to the support body and the subsequent activity resumption are shown. In the figure, (a) is an active larva nest with a hole in the head opening. (B) is a resting larval nest with no holes in the head opening.

1. 1. State identification method of nest beetle 1-1. Outline | summary The 1st aspect of this invention is the method (state identification method of the intra-nest beetle) which identifies the state of the bug in the nest from the exterior of a nest. According to the present invention, in the nest that is anchored to a support such as a branch, the feeding state opened in the vicinity of the anchoring portion and the opening state of the movement opening (head opening), that is, the presence or absence of a hole is detected. By doing so, it is possible to identify whether the nest beetle in the nest is active or resting. By applying this identification method when collecting the worm's nest, it becomes possible to reduce the mortality after the collection and to easily select individuals that can resume the activity early after the collection.

1-2. Definitions The following terms frequently used in this specification are defined.
As described above, the term “Morbug” is a general term for moth larvae belonging to the order Lepidoptera (Psychidae). The type and sex of the caterpillars targeted in this specification are not limited. For example, the mosquitoes include: Acanthopsyche, Anatolopsyche, Bacotia, Bambalina, Canephora, Chalioides, Dahlica, Diplodoma, Eumeta, Eumasia, Kozhantshikovia, Mahasena, Nipponopsyche, Paranarychia, Proutia, Psyche, Pteroma, Siederia, Soptia, Siberia And the like, but the species of worms used in the present specification may be a species belonging to any genus. Specific examples of the type of mitoga include Oumenoga (Eumeta japonica), Chaminoga (Eumeta minuscula), Nitobeminoga (Mahasena aurea), and Shibaminoga (Nipponopsyche fuscescens). Medium-sized and large-sized species such as Ominoga and Chaminoga are suitable as the worms used in the present invention. In addition, the age of the caterpillar may be any age. Early childhood worms such as first age and second age tend to be sensitive and vulnerable to external stimuli and environmental changes, and thus are particularly suitable as targets for the method. In addition, the molting stage and the prone stage, which will be described later, even in the case of middle-aged and later worms such as the third and fourth ages tend to be very sensitive and vulnerable to external stimuli. It can be a suitable target.

  In this specification, the “nest of nest beetle” is a nest in which the above-mentioned nest beetles, and is composed of a material such as a leafworm or a splinter that is spun by the silkworm spun by the caterpillar itself. The nest is a bag shape that can wrap the whole body of a caterpillar and has a spindle shape, a cylindrical shape, a conical shape, or the like. Caterpillars basically hide in this nest and, as a general rule, only a part of the worm body is exposed from the nest opening only when eating or moving (FIG. 1B). Although the moths of the family Minophoridae are distributed all over the world, all species live in the nest throughout the entire larval stage and always act with the nest, and molting and hatching are also carried out in the nest. In addition, female species of some species of moths have no wrinkles and live in their nests throughout their lives, and mating takes place through the nest tail opening.

  In the present specification, the “state of worms” refers to whether the worms are active or dormant. As will be described later, the resting period is a short period, but it can include cases of pupae and adults, so it is strictly a “Minoga state”, but the main stage in the nest is the larval stage In the present specification, for the sake of simple expression, the state of worms and the state of moths and adults is referred to as “the state of worms”.

  In the present specification, the term “active stage” refers to the period of feeding behavior of the caterpillar. This corresponds to the period indicated by “A” in FIG. The caterpillars during this period actively take in the feed leaves and grow, and move actively in search of the feed leaves. In addition, during those actions, they sleep in the nest and take temporary sleep and rest. In the present specification, such a period is referred to as a “rest period” (break). In FIG. 2, this corresponds to the period indicated by “b”. Resting period caterpillars are relatively resistant to external stimuli and stress, so even if the nests are removed from the branches and moved, the subsequent mortality rate is relatively low. To resume.

  As used herein, “rest stage” refers to a period other than the active period in an individual present in the nest in the life history of the minnow. This corresponds to the periods indicated by R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 in FIG. The principle is a period other than the active period in the caterpillar, that is, the larva stage of Minoga. However, as mentioned above, worms hatch in the nest, and in some species of the family Minogidae (for example, giant moth and chaminoga), the female individual does not escape to emergence in the field even during adulthood, Spend at. In other words, in the resting nest, not only worms but also moths and adults (especially females) can exist. Therefore, in the present specification, the rest period includes the cocoon stage indicated by R4 and the adult stage indicated by R5 in FIG.

  The caterpillars in this period completely stop eating and moving due to morphological and physiological changes and dormancy, and lurk inside the nest.

  “Morphological and physiological changes” refer to dramatic changes in morphology during growth and the accompanying physiological changes. For example, molting and hatching are applicable. In this specification, the "molting stage" (Fig. 2 R1) for 1 day or 2 days before and after molting of the caterpillars, and the "pre-ripening stage" (Fig. 2 R3) 3 days before hatching to 1 week before hatching are paused. It is included in the period. In general, the caterpillars in the molting stage or the prone stage are extremely sensitive and vulnerable to external stimuli and stress due to physiological changes in the living body. Therefore, if the nest of nestworms in this period is recovered from a branch or the like and moved, the individual will die with a high probability.

  On the other hand, “dormant” means that when the external environment temperature becomes unsuitable for the activity, the activity is temporarily suspended until the temperature becomes suitable for the activity again. For example, this corresponds to hibernation in a low temperature period such as winter. In this specification, the period during which the caterpillars are dormant is referred to as “dormant period” (FIG. 2 R2), and this period is included in the dormant period. Dormant caterpillars are relatively resistant to external stimuli and stress, but usually do not resume activity until a predetermined temperature is reached.

  It is easy to identify a caterpillar at the time of eating behavior or movement that exposes the head and chest from the head opening as an active caterpillar. However, when it is hidden inside the nest as in the rest period, it is difficult to distinguish from the outside of the nest whether the state of the caterpillar in the nest is a rest period in the active period or a rest period. The method of the present embodiment distinguishes from the outside of the nest the stink bugs in the rest period (B), the sting (R1 to R5) stink bugs and their pupae and adults in the stink bug nest Is the method.

  Regarding the difference between the rest period and rest period in the active period, the rest period is usually relatively short, such as less than 24 hours, less than 20 hours, less than 18 hours, less than 15 hours, or less than 12 hours, and Can resume eating behavior and movement immediately, whereas the rest period is relatively long, such as 1 day or more, 2 days or more, or 3 days or more, and it is necessary to resume eating behavior or movement. The point which requires comparatively time is mentioned.

1-3. Method In the method for identifying the state of a worm in the nest according to the present invention, a worm nest connected to a support is an object to be identified. For the purposes of the present invention, it is assumed that, as a rule, live minnows, moths or adults are present inside the nest to be identified.

  In the present specification, the “support” refers to a support to which the caterpillar connects the nest. As used herein, “locking” refers to fixing a nest with a wormworm silk thread. The type of the support is not particularly limited as long as it has a strength capable of supporting the load of the caterpillar and its nest. In nature, twigs and leaves of standing trees are applicable, but trunks, herbaceous stems, rocks and stones are also used as supports. Further, in the artifact, concrete, metal, wood, ceramics, plastic, glass, etc. are used as the support.

  The method for identifying a state of a nest beetle of the present invention includes a confirmation step and a determination step. Hereinafter, each step will be described with reference to FIG.

(1) Confirmation process The “confirmation process” is a hole in the caterpillar feeding and moving opening (0304) located in the vicinity of the support anchoring part in the snail nest (0301) anchored to the support. This is a step of confirming the presence or absence of the above.

  The “support body locking portion” (0302) is a portion that plays a role of locking the nest body (0301) and the support body (0303). In FIG. 1A, the location indicated by the arrow and the location indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4 correspond to the support locking portion. The support anchoring part is a part of a nest composed of silkworm silk thread. However, it is composed of scaffold silk having different properties from the nest silk constituting the nest body. The “scaffold silk thread” is a silk thread spun as a scaffold for preventing the caterpillar from falling from branches, leaves, etc. during movement. Since it is thicker than nest silk and has mechanically strong properties, it is also used as a support anchoring part. On the other hand, the “nest silk thread” is a silk thread that is spun to spell leaf pieces and branch pieces and to make the inner wall of the nest, which is a residential area, comfortable.

  The caterpillar has a nest fixed to the support by the support anchoring part during the rest period during the active period or during the rest period. In particular, in the case of medium-sized and large-sized species, as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 4, the worms after the middle age often hang the nest from the support through the support connecting part during the rest period or the rest period. . The support locking part is cut or peeled off by the caterpillars themselves when resuming the feeding behavior or moving, and the nest is released from the support. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1B, a nest of nest that has no support anchoring portion (not including a trace) and is not anchored to the support is not a subject of the present invention in principle. However, this is not the case when the nests separated and recovered from the support by the method of the present invention are confirmed by applying the method of the present invention again. In this case, it is desirable that the support anchoring portion remains as a trace, or which end portion is clear in the nest is the head opening.

  The shape of the support locking portion (0302) is not limited as long as the nest and the support are locked. For example, the cord-like shape shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B may be used, or the head-like opening itself shown in FIG. 3C may be a planar shape that is attached to the support. In the case of a string shape, its thickness and length are not limited. In general, the support body locking portion in the resting period tends to be thin as shown in FIG. 3A or the locking area to the support body is narrower than that in the resting period. As shown in FIG. 3B, the support anchoring portion in the resting period that needs to anchor the nest for a relatively long time needs to be durable against external forces such as wind and rain. As shown in the figure, the locking area is widened, but during the rest period, it is sufficient if the nest can be temporarily locked, and on the contrary, if the locking area is widened, the locking area cannot be easily released when the movement is resumed. Depending on the reason. Therefore, it can be estimated to some extent whether the caterpillar is in the resting period or the resting period even with the thickness or the locking area of the support locking part. However, it is difficult to accurately determine the rest period and rest period using this method alone, so it is possible to more accurately identify the rest period and rest period of the caterpillar by combining with the presence or absence of holes in the head of the caterpillar. Is possible.

  As shown by the arrows in Fig. 1B, the "worming and feeding opening" (head opening) (0304) means that the head and chest are removed from the nest in order for the bug to eat and move It is an opening for exposing. The hanging type worm nest has two openings at both ends of the nest long axis, one as the head opening (0304) and the other as the tail opening (0305: hole not shown) )). In such a nest, the head opening is located in the upper part and the tail opening is located in the lower part.Therefore, the tail opening mainly contains feces in the nest and adult males that have the ability to fly. It plays a function as a mating gate for mating. On the other hand, a non-hanging caterpillar nest that holds the nest so as to hold it up may have only a head opening. In such a type of nest, the head opening is located at the lower part of the nest, so it often serves as a feces outlet.

  The head opening (0304) is located in the vicinity of the support locking part (0302) as shown in FIG. 3A. When the caterpillar enters a rest period or rest period, the scaffold silk thread is spit out within the reach of the head exposed from the head opening to form a support locking part. The body locking part is necessarily located in the vicinity. Therefore, on the long axis of the nest, the opening at the end where the support locking part is located is the head opening, and the opening at the end where the support locking part is not is the tail opening.

  The head opening (0304) is not open as shown in FIG. 3A, and there may be no hole as shown in FIG. 3B.

  In this step, it is confirmed whether or not the head opening is open, that is, whether or not there is a hole at the end where the head opening determined from the position of the support anchoring portion can exist. It is sufficient to confirm the presence or absence of holes visually. When checking for the presence or absence of a hole, there is a hole that can be inserted into the nest without resistance by applying a thin rod such as a toothpick or skewer to the head opening as necessary, with visual inspection. It can also be confirmed. In this case, however, care must be taken not to damage the larvae in the nest with a thin rod.

  The size of the hole in the head opening varies depending on conditions such as the type of the worm (Minoga), the age of the worm, the sex, and the like, but in any case, it may be a size that can be visually confirmed. For example, a hole having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more, preferably 1 mm or more, 1.5 mm or more, 2 mm or more, 2.5 mm or more, or 3 mm or more is applicable. On the other hand, in the case where the diameter is less than 0.5 mm, for example, and cannot be easily confirmed visually, it is not called a hole in this step. The upper limit of the hole diameter is about the same as the maximum trunk width of the caterpillar lurking inside the nest. However, since the head opening during the rest period is usually more closed than during feeding or moving, the diameter of the hole is 0.8 times or less, 0.5 times or less, 0.4 It is preferable that it is not more than double, 0.3 or less, or 0.2 or less.

  The maximum body width of a caterpillar depends on the kind and age of the caterpillar. For example, in the case of an old-old caterpillar, the range is 9.0 mm ± 2.0 mm (7.0 mm to 11.0 mm) or 9.0 mm ± 1.5 mm (7.5 mm to 10.5 mm). Further, in the case of Chaminoga's old-aged caterpillar, the maximum trunk width is in the range of 7.0 mm ± 2.0 mm (5.0 mm to 9.0 mm), or in the range of 7.0 mm ± 1.5 mm (5.5 mm to 8.5 mm). Therefore, in the case of an old-day worm, the diameter is 1.4 mm to 8.8 mm, and in the case of an old-time worm, the diameter is 1.0 mm to 7.2 mm. However, the range is not limited.

(2) Judgment process The "judgment process" is to determine the worms in the nest as active worms when there is a hole in the head opening in the worm nest that is anchored to the support in the confirmation process. It is a process to do. On the other hand, if there is no hole in the head opening, the worm in the nest is determined to be a resting worm. When it is determined that the period is resting, the state of the bug in the nest can include the case of the pupa stage or the adult stage (particularly female) as described above.

1-4. Effect According to the method for identifying the state of the nest of the nest of the present invention, it is possible to identify the state of the inside of the nest from the outside of the nest without checking the inside of the nest.

2. 2. Method for collecting active caterpillars 2-1. Outline | summary The 2nd aspect of this invention is the method of extract | collecting the active stink bug in a nest. As described above, moults in the resting stage and in the prone stage are sensitive and vulnerable to external stimuli and stress, and thus are likely to die after collection. Dormant caterpillars do not resume activity immediately after collection. On the other hand, the caterpillars in the active phase have a certain level of resistance to external stimuli, and can start eating behavior and movement immediately after collection. By using this method, it is possible to selectively collect only the nests containing the active stink bugs from the nests on the branches. As a result, it is possible to reduce the mortality of caterpillars after field collection or rearing during breeding, and to quickly resume the activity of caterpillars after moving.

2-2. Method The method of the present invention comprises a method for selecting and collecting a worm that has been determined to be active by the method for identifying the state of a worm in the nest according to the first aspect, and a nest having a hole in the head opening. A method is mentioned. The former method includes a confirmation process, a determination process, and a separation process. Among these, the confirmation step and the determination step are the same as the confirmation step and the determination step in the method for identifying the state of the nest beetle described in the first aspect, and thus description thereof is omitted here. On the other hand, the separation step is a step characteristic of this embodiment. The latter method includes a separation step. This separation step is in accordance with the separation step in the former method. Hereinafter, the separation step will be described.

  The “separation step” is a step of separating the worm nest having a hole in the head opening located near the support anchoring portion from the support. The size of the hole in the head opening conforms to the condition described in the first aspect.

  The separation method is not limited, but a method that gives as little burden or stress as possible to the caterpillar by contact with the nest is preferable. For example, if it is a support body connection part or its vicinity, since there is little external irritation | stimulation with respect to the caterpillar in a nest, it is suitable. Specifically, there are a method of picking the support anchoring portion or the vicinity thereof, and separating the support anchoring portion so as to be separated from the support, and a method of cutting and separating the support anchoring portion using an instrument such as scissors.

2-3. Effect The collection method of the present invention selects only the nests where the active stink bugs are hidden from the nests of the stink bugs anchored to the support, from the support without giving as much burden and stress as possible to the stink bugs inside the nest. Nests can be collected. According to this method, it is possible to reduce the mortality of caterpillars that can occur during the collection of caterpillars and the movement of the nests in breeding, and the activity of caterpillars after sampling can be started quickly.

3. Moving method of caterpillar 3-1. Outline | summary The 3rd aspect of this invention is the movement method of a caterpillar. According to this method, only the active caterpillars can be selected and moved to the target location together with the nests in the nests connected to the support. As a result, the burden and stress on the caterpillars inside the nest can be eliminated as much as possible, and the activity of the caterpillars at the target location can be started promptly. Therefore, this method is a useful method in the movement of caterpillars when exchanging bait leaves or collecting caterpillar silks in a breeding environment.

3-2. Method The method of the present invention includes a confirmation step, a determination step, a separation step, and a movement step when going through the first aspect and the second aspect. Among these, the confirmation process and the determination process are in accordance with the confirmation process and the determination process in the “state identification method for nests in the nest” described in the first aspect, and the separation process is the “collecting the active periodworm in the second aspect”. In accordance with the separation step in On the other hand, when only passing through the second aspect without passing through the first aspect, a separation step and a moving step are included. In this case as well, the separation step conforms to the separation step of the second aspect. Therefore, the details of the steps already described in the above-described aspect are omitted, and here, the movement process characteristic of this aspect will be described below. .

  The “moving process” is a process of moving the separated worms together with their nests to a target location. The moving method is not limited. The nests separated from the support may be moved one by one to a target location, or a large number of nests may be once collected and collected, and then placed in a container or the like and moved to the target location. The travel distance and travel time are not limited. However, the caterpillar separated from the support can be moved immediately after the rest period is released by an external stimulus or the like during separation. Therefore, it is preferable that the moving distance and the moving time are as short as possible. For example, when the transfer method of the present invention is used for exchanging feed leaves, there is a method in which a new feed leaf is arranged, a separation process is performed in the vicinity thereof, and the separated nest can be immediately moved to a new feed leaf. It is done.

3-3. Effect The moving method of the present invention is a method of selecting only active stink bugs hidden in the nest, separating the nest from the support, and then moving it to a target location. It is possible to promptly start resuming activities after moving without increasing the rate.

  As for the breeding of caterpillars, the leaves can be fed together with the branches as in the silkworm mulberry. In the case of a caterpillar, it is preferable to give a branch with a leaf rather than feeding only a feeding leaf because the nest can be locked to the branch during the rest period or resting period of the caterpillar. In this case, it is necessary to move from an old branch to a new feed leaf at the time of feeding leaf exchange, but by using the moving method of the present invention, it can be safely moved and can be fed immediately after the movement.

4). Method for selecting resting worms 4-1. Outline | summary The 4th aspect of this invention is the method of classifying the nest where a resting stink bug lurks from the nest of the caterpillar anchored to the support body. According to the present invention, without giving unnecessary stimulation to the nest in a state of being anchored to the support body, the state of the worms inside the nest is identified from the outside of the nest, and an individual that has entered the dormancy period, or a hatched individual Can be selected.

  Generally, worms that have entered the dormant period (usually hibernating in the case of worms) have a high resistance to low temperatures and maintain a low temperature state, for a relatively long time, for example, 6 to 18 months, or 8 months. No need for feeding over a period of ~ 12 months. Furthermore, it is resistant to stimuli and stress associated with the movement of the nest, and does not pose any problems even in a high-density environment where many nests are combined. Therefore, the dormancy period of the worms is the most suitable period for individual preservation in the life history of minoga. On the other hand, the beetles in the active period need to be fed daily, and the activity is slow and mortality increases at low temperatures of 10 ° C or lower. Furthermore, rearing in a high-density environment gives stress and increases the incidence and mortality of diseases. Therefore, for the purpose of preserving caterpillars, it is important to accurately identify the rest period and the rest period within the active period.

  In addition, when caterpillars are artificially accumulated as insects for collecting silkworms, it is necessary to determine the developmental stage of adults and to mate them properly before egg collection. However, unlike silkworms that produce and hatch cocoons, it is difficult to determine the time of hatching because minoga hatch in the nest. Also, depending on the species, the female lives in the nest throughout the adult period, so it cannot be determined from the outside whether the state of the worm is in the nest, larvae, pupae or adults. If a female is a larva even if an adult male is applied, mating will not be established. In this way, it is important to determine the hatching time in the breeding of Minoga.

  According to the screening method of the present invention, it is possible to determine the active period and the rest period of the caterpillar, and to select and recover the rest period of the caterpillar without giving unnecessary external stimulation or stress to the caterpillar. This method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of preservation and mating of individuals.

4-2. Method The method of the present invention includes a confirmation step, a determination step, and a removal step. Among these, the confirmation process and the determination process are based on the confirmation process and the determination process in the “state identification method for nest bugs” described in the first aspect. Therefore, description of these steps will be omitted here, and the removal step characteristic of this embodiment will be described below.

  The “removal step” is a step of removing the nest identified as the active period from the support. By removing the active nest from the nest connected to the support, the resting nest need not be subjected to external stimulation or stress.

Further, by gradually lowering the outside air temperature, it is possible to determine that the resting nest left after the removal of the active nest is the stink bug that has entered the dormant period. By placing the worms in this state at a low temperature, the nest can be stored for several months to 10 months.
By separating the larvae at the end of the year reared at a predetermined temperature into an active period and a resting period using this method, and collecting only the resting nests, it is possible to select the caterpillars after the prone stage.

<Example 1: Nest collection and resumption of activity in early-eared caterpillars>
(the purpose)
We examined the presence or absence of holes in the head opening and the resumption of activity when collecting nests of young caterpillars.
(Method)
About the nest of young worms (approximately 2 to 3 years old) with a long axis length of less than 10 mm, divided into 3 groups based on the state of the nests and worms, and the subsequent activity resumption Examined. The state of each group is as follows.

(A) The nest of an individual performing movement and feeding behavior with the head and chest exposed from the head opening (b) Nest with a hole in the head opening of the nest (c) a nest with the wall of the rearing case and the branches and leaves of the feed leaf supported, and a nest with no hole in the head opening of the nest ( In the present specification, the caterpillar of a) corresponds to the caterpillar in the active period in which eating behavior or movement is performed. The bug of (b) corresponds to the bug of the rest period in the active period in this specification. The caterpillar of (c) corresponds to the resting caterpillar in this specification.

  Ten nests of (a) to (c) were collected. In (b) and (c), the support anchoring part was picked with a finger and pulled away from the support and collected. (A) was collected with care not to apply acupressure to the center of the nest. The collected nests were placed side-by-side on a polystyrene square petri dish in a laboratory with an air temperature of 26 ° C and a humidity of 60%, and the elapsed time until the activity resumed was measured. The resumption of activity was judged by the presence or absence of movement from the location.

(result)
The results are shown in FIG. In the worms (a) and (b) corresponding to the active period, individuals that migrated immediately after collection appeared, and most individuals resumed activity after 1 hour. On the other hand, none of the crested caterpillars (c) corresponding to the rest period resumed activity even after 1 hour had passed since the placement. Although not shown in the figure, the caterpillar in (c) did not resume its activity even after 7 days from deployment. After 14 days, the nest was cut open and the inside was confirmed. All individuals died in the nest. From these results, it was suggested that the mortality rate was significantly increased by the external stimulation and stress caused by the collection of nests in the resting stink bugs in infancy.
From the above results, the young bugs can collect nests during the active period and move without any significant business conditions, and can resume their activities immediately. It became clear that it can have a lethal effect with a high probability.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, even if the nest is locked to the support, whether the nest is in an active period or a rest period, whether the nest is in an active state or not, depending on the presence or absence of a hole in the head opening. It was proved that it could be identified.

<Example 2: Nest collection and resumption of activity in old-aged worms>
(the purpose)
We examined the presence and absence of holes in the head opening and the resumption of activity when collecting the nests of old-old caterpillars.
(Method)
Divided into two groups based on the hole in the head opening of the nest that is anchored to the support in the old-tailed caterpillars (approximately 6 to 7 years old) with the length of the long axis of the nest growing to 40 mm or more The nests were collected and examined for their ability to resume activity thereafter. The state of each group is as follows.

(A) Nest in a state where the nest is locked with the wall of the rearing case and the branches of the feed leaf as a support, and there is a hole in the opening of the head of the nest. For each nest (a) and (b) where the nest is locked and there is no hole in the head opening of the nest, the support locking part is picked with a finger and pulled away from the support. Individual samples were collected. The collected nest was measured for the elapsed time until the activity was resumed by the same method as in Example 1.

(result)
The results are shown in FIG. In the worms (a) corresponding to the active period, most individuals resumed activity 30 minutes after petri dish placement, and all individuals resumed activity 2 hours later. On the other hand, (b) minorworms corresponding to the rest period do not resume activity even after one day has passed since placement, and about half of the individuals on the second day, seven individuals on the third day Resumed activity, but three did not resume activity after 7 days.
From the above results, it was clarified that when the nests were collected in the dormant period, it took a long time from the collection until the resumption of activity in the old-aged bugs.

Claims (8)

A method for identifying the state of a caterpillar in a nest anchored to a support,
A step of confirming the presence or absence of a hole in an opening for feeding and moving a caterpillar located in the vicinity of the support anchoring part, and a step of determining a caterpillar in the nest where the hole exists in the opening as an active bug Said method comprising.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the holes can be visually confirmed. A method of collecting active stink bugs from a nest tied to a support,
3. The method comprising the step of separating from a support a nest beetle determined to be active by the method according to claim 1 or 2. A method of collecting active stink bugs from a nest tied to a support,
The method comprising the step of separating from a support a nest of nest having a hole in an opening for feeding and moving a caterpillar located in the vicinity of the support anchoring part. A method of moving a nest of nest beetle that is anchored to a support,
5. The method comprising the step of transferring a worm collected by the method according to claim 3 or 4 to a target location together with a nest.   The movement method according to claim 5, wherein the target place is a place where a fresh bait is arranged. A method for selecting resting stink bugs in a nest anchored to a support,
The said method including the process of removing the nest determined to be an active period by the method of Claim 1 or 2 from a support body.   The method according to claim 7, wherein the rest period is selected from the group consisting of a premature stage, a dormant stage, a leap stage, and an adult stage.

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