JP2018062130A - Extrusion molding apparatus and method of manufacturing molded article using extrusion molding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To yield molded products of stable quality by enabling precise control of an extrusion molding apparatus for ceramic materials.SOLUTION: An extrusion molding apparatus body 1 comprises an extruder 4, a flow passage 24 through which an inorganic molding material flows, and an extrusion opening 29 provided at a downstream end of the flow passage 24. The flow passage 24 is provided with a transmissive portion 31 allowing passage of light therethrough. The extrusion molding apparatus further comprises speed detection means 7. The speed detecting means 7 emits detection light onto a surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material flowing in the flow passage 24 from the outside through the transmitting portion 31 and also receives reflected light reflected from the surface layer portion, and detects a velocity value of the surface layer portion based on the detection light and reflected light. Control means 8 for controlling the extrusion molding apparatus body 1 calculates a relationship between a premeasured speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material and an extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material pushed out from the extrusion port 29 at that time, and the speed of the surface layer portion obtained from the means 7, and controls the extruder 4 on the basis of the relationship and the speed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an extrusion molding apparatus that obtains a molded product by extruding an inorganic molding material, and a method for manufacturing a molded product using the extrusion molding apparatus.

  Extruder for supplying an inorganic molding material, a flow passage through which the inorganic molding material supplied by this extruder flows, and an extrusion apparatus provided at the downstream end of the flow passage and through which an inorganic molding material is extruded In this case, it is desirable to detect movement information indicating the movement state of the inorganic molding material flowing through the flow passage, and to control each part of the extrusion molding apparatus based on the detection result.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an example of an extrusion molding apparatus in which a pressure gauge is provided in a raw material supply pipe through which a raw material flows, and the flow state of the raw material in the raw material supply pipe is detected by this pressure gauge.

JP-A-8-309832

  However, although the extrusion molding apparatus can detect the flow state of the raw material flowing in the raw material supply pipe, it cannot accurately detect the movement information of the raw material. For example, if the flow rate of the raw material flowing in the raw material supply pipe cannot be detected, the flow rate at the extrusion port cannot be grasped. Therefore, if the flow rate of the raw material at the extrusion port is less than a predetermined flow rate, the molded product has a specified dimension. There is a problem that it is not molded.

  On the other hand, in order to detect the flow rate of the raw material flowing through the raw material supply pipe, it is also conceivable to use an electromagnetic flow meter. However, this electromagnetic flowmeter has a relatively high water content (for example, 75% or more) as a detection target, and ceramic materials having a relatively low water content (for example, about 50%) cannot be a detection target.

  In view of this, the present inventor provided a transmission part on at least a part of the peripheral wall of the raw material supply pipe, and irradiated the detection light to the flowing raw material through this transmission part to measure the flow velocity, I tried to get it.

  However, in this configuration, although the flow velocity of the surface layer portion of the raw material can be measured, the flow velocity becomes uneven between the surface layer portion and the central portion in the flow path due to factors such as tube wall resistance acting on the raw material. The flow rate of the raw material in the road cannot be accurately grasped. As a result, it is not possible to accurately grasp the extrusion flow rate at the extrusion port.

  Therefore, the extrusion molding apparatus for ceramic materials has a problem that the extruder cannot be accurately controlled.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to accurately control an extrusion molding apparatus for ceramic materials and to obtain a molded article with more stable quality. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a molded product using a molding apparatus and an extrusion molding apparatus.

  An extrusion molding apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes an extrusion molding apparatus main body and a control unit that controls the extrusion molding apparatus main body. The extrusion molding apparatus main body includes an extruder that supplies an inorganic molding material; An extrusion molding apparatus comprising: a flow passage through which the inorganic molding material supplied by an extruder flows; and an extrusion port provided at an end on the downstream side of the flow passage through which the inorganic molding material is extruded. The passage is provided with a transmission part that can transmit light, and irradiates the surface layer part of the inorganic molding material flowing through the flow path from the outside through the transmission part and reflects the light on the surface layer part. And a speed detecting means for receiving the reflected light transmitted through the transmitting portion and detecting the speed value of the surface layer portion based on the detected light and the reflected light, and the control means is measured in advance. Inorganic Based on the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the molding material and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time, and the speed of the surface layer portion obtained from the speed detection means It is characterized by being configured to control the machine.

  Further, in this extrusion molding apparatus, the extrusion molding apparatus main body includes a plurality of extruders, and the flow path includes a plurality of branch flow paths through which the inorganic molding material supplied from each of the extruders flows. Provided at the downstream end of each of the plurality of branch channels, the plurality of branch channels joined together and joined to the extrusion port, and the permeation part is provided in each of the plurality of branch channels. The speed detecting means detects a speed value of each of the inorganic molding materials flowing through the plurality of branch channels, and the control means includes at least one of the plurality of extruders. It is preferable to control.

  In addition, the extrusion molding apparatus is configured so that the speed of the surface layer portion in the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time. It is preferable to use a corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer portion by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material.

  Moreover, in this extrusion molding apparatus, the control means is a corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer part by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material as the speed of the surface layer part obtained from the speed detecting means. Is preferably used.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the molded article using the extrusion molding apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention includes an extruder for supplying an inorganic molding material, a flow passage through which the inorganic molding material supplied by the extruder flows, A manufacturing method of a molded article using an extrusion molding apparatus provided with an extrusion port provided at an end portion on the downstream side of the flow passage and through which the inorganic molding material is extruded, wherein light can be transmitted through the flow passage. Reflection that is provided with a transmission part, and irradiates the surface layer part of the inorganic molding material that flows through the flow path from the outside through the transmission part and reflects the light at the surface layer part and transmits the transmission part. It further comprises speed detecting means for receiving light and detecting the speed value of the surface layer portion based on the detected light and reflected light, and the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance, and at that time Push through the extrusion port And the relationship between the extrusion rate of the issued the inorganic molding material, based on the speed of the surface layer portion obtained from the speed detecting means, and controlling said extruder.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the molded article using this extrusion molding apparatus includes the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time. In the above relationship, it is preferable to use a corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer part by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material as the speed of the surface layer part.

  Further, in the method for producing a molded product using the extrusion molding apparatus, the speed value of the surface layer part obtained by multiplying the reciprocal of the compression rate of the inorganic molding material as the speed of the surface layer part obtained from the speed detection means. It is preferable to use a correction speed value.

  According to the extrusion molding apparatus and the method of manufacturing a molded article using the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to control with high accuracy and obtain a molded article with more stable quality.

It is a plane schematic diagram showing the whole extrusion molding device concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a perspective view of a connecting pipe same as the above. It is sectional drawing of a metal mold apparatus same as the above. It is sectional drawing of the molded article shape | molded by the extrusion molding apparatus same as the above. It is a block diagram of an extrusion molding apparatus same as the above. FIG. 10 is a control block diagram of an extrusion molding apparatus according to Modification 1. FIG. 10 is a control block diagram of an extrusion molding apparatus according to Modification 2. FIG. 8A is a graph showing the relationship between the extrusion flow rate of the skin material and the velocity value of the surface layer portion. FIG. 8B is a graph showing the relationship between the velocity value of the surface layer portion of the skin material and the correction coefficient. FIG. 9A is a graph showing the relationship between the extrusion flow rate of the core material and the velocity value of the surface layer portion. FIG. 9B is a graph showing the relationship between the velocity value of the surface layer portion of the core material and the correction coefficient. It is the plane schematic which shows the whole extrusion apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1
The extrusion molding apparatus according to the first embodiment is an apparatus for manufacturing a molded product 9 by extruding an inorganic molding material such as a cement-based molding material. This extrusion molding apparatus is described as an extrusion molding apparatus main body 1, speed detection means 7, and control means 8 for controlling the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 based on the detection result of the speed detection means 7 (hereinafter referred to as a control apparatus 8a). ). In this embodiment, the speed detection means 7 is comprised by the speed detection apparatus 7a which detects the flow rate as movement information of an inorganic molding material. In the present embodiment, the material in a state prior to molding by extrusion molding is referred to as an inorganic molding material, and an extruded material of the inorganic molding material is referred to as a molded body 93. The molded body 93 is cut by a cutting machine 65. The product is referred to as a molded product 9.

  The extrusion molding apparatus of the present embodiment produces a molded product 9 as shown in FIG. The molded product 9 has a three-layer structure including a core layer 91 and skin layers 92 laminated on both sides of the core layer 91 in the thickness direction. The skin layer 92 is also present on both sides of the core layer 91 in the width direction, and is configured to wrap around the core layer 91.

  In the present embodiment, a core material for molding the core layer 91 and a skin material for molding the skin layer 92 are used as the inorganic molding material. The core material and the skin material are different from each other in content of components and content of each component.

  The inorganic molding material is composed of, for example, a cement-based molding material. Specific examples of the cement-based molding material include a mixture containing cement, silica, reinforcing fibers, water, and the like. As the cement, known cements such as Portland cement, blast furnace cement, alumina cement, fly ash cement can be used. Examples of the reinforcing fibers include natural fibers such as pulp fibers, synthetic fibers such as vinylon and polypropylene, and inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, rock wool, and carbon fibers. The cement-based molding material may contain only one of the above listed reinforcing fibers, or two or more of them. The cement-based molding material may contain aggregates, lightweight aggregates, water reducing agents, thickeners, and other additives. The mixing ratio and mixing method of each component constituting the cement-based molding material are not particularly limited. The inorganic molding material used in the extrusion molding apparatus of the present embodiment is not limited to a cement-based molding material, and other water-curable inorganic materials, ceramic materials, firing materials such as clay, and the like may be used. .

  The extrusion apparatus main body 1 extrudes the inorganic molding material supplied by the extruder 4 to obtain a molded product 9. As shown in FIG. 1, the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 includes a molding machine 10 that molds a molded body 93 by extrusion molding, and a transport unit 6 that pulls out and transports the molded body 93 (hereinafter, described as a transport device 6 a) The patterning roll 5 and a cutting machine 65 for cutting the molded body 93 are provided.

  The molding machine 10 includes two extruders 4, a mold apparatus 2 that extrudes the inorganic molding material supplied from each extruder 4, and a connecting pipe 3 that connects each extruder 4 and the mold apparatus 2. And.

  Each extruder 4 supplies an inorganic molding material toward the mold apparatus 2. Each extruder 4 has a charging port 44 from which an inorganic molding material is charged. Each extruder 4 includes, for example, a pug part in which a biaxial screw is installed, an auger part in which a uniaxial screw is installed, and a vacuum part provided between the pug part and the auger part. The inorganic molding material charged from the charging port 44 is fed while being kneaded in the order of the pug portion, the vacuum portion, and the auger portion, and is sent to the mold apparatus 2 by the auger portion.

  One of the two extruders 4 is a first extruder 41 that sends the skin material to the mold apparatus 2, and the other extruder sends a core material to the mold apparatus 2. 42.

  A connecting pipe 3 is connected to the downstream end of each extruder 4. The connection pipe 3 connects the outlet of each extruder 4 and the inlet of the mold apparatus 2 in communication. As shown in FIG. 2, the connecting pipe 3 includes a cylindrical connecting pipe main body 30 and a transmission portion 31 provided on the connecting pipe main body 30. The transmission part 31 is configured to transmit light. Thereby, the detection light emitted from the below-mentioned speed detection apparatus 7a can be irradiated to the inorganic molding material which distribute | circulates the inside of the connection pipe main body 30. FIG. The transmission part 31 is configured by a transmission window 31 a in which an opening 32 provided on the side wall of the connecting pipe main body 30 is closed with a tempered glass 33. That is, the transmission part 31 of the present embodiment is constituted by the tempered glass 33.

  The opening 32 has a substantially rectangular shape and is, for example, 70 mm long × 30 mm wide.

  The tempered glass 33 is a transparent glass and can transmit light. The tempered glass 33 is a glass having a strength about 3 to 5 times that of a general float plate glass, and can withstand at least the pressure (about 2 MPa) of the inorganic molding material that circulates inside the connecting pipe body 30. It is formed to a size of about. The tempered glass 33 of this embodiment is formed in, for example, length 70 mm × width 30 mm × thickness 10 mm. The inner surface of the tempered glass 33 is formed flush with the inner surface of the connecting tube main body 30 so that the inorganic molding material that is circulated does not stay.

  The mold apparatus 2 molds the inorganic molding material sent from the extruder 4 into a predetermined shape to produce a molded body 93. As shown in FIG. 1, the mold apparatus 2 includes a plurality of inflow portions 20 to which the connection pipe 3 is connected and one extrusion port 29. Each inflow portion 20 is provided with an inflow port. Here, the inlet into which the skin material flows is referred to as a skin material inlet 20a, and the inlet into which the core material flows in is referred to as a core material inlet 20b. The skin material inflow port 20 a communicates with the outflow port of the first extruder 41 via the connection pipe 3. In addition, the core material inlet 20 b communicates with the outlet of the second extruder 42 via the connection pipe 3.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the mold apparatus 2 includes an upper mold 21, a lower mold 22, and a core 23. The upper mold | type 21 and the lower mold | type 22 are opposingly arranged by the up-down direction. Between the upper mold | type 21 and the lower mold | type 22, the cavity for accommodating and arrange | positioning the core 23 is provided, and the core 23 is arrange | positioned in the said cavity. Inside the core 23, a core material flow path 23a is formed.

  Between the upper mold | type 21 and the core 23, the 1st skin material flow path 23b which distribute | circulates skin material is formed. In addition, a second skin material flow path 23 c through which the skin material is circulated is formed between the lower mold 22 and the core 23. Further, a junction 28 is formed between the upper mold 21 and the lower mold 22 at a position where the downstream end of the core material flow path 23a is located.

  The merge portion 28 includes an end on the downstream side of the first skin material channel 23b, an end on the downstream side of the second skin material channel 23c, and an end on the downstream side of the core material channel 23a. There is a part where the part meets. The merge portion 28 of the present embodiment flows from the skin material flowed from the first skin material flow path 23b, the core material flowed from the core material flow path 23a, and the second skin material flow path 23c. The skin material is composed of flow paths that flow in layers. An end on the downstream side of the junction 28 is an extrusion port 29. At the upstream end of the merging portion 28, the downstream end of the core material channel 23a is connected to the downstream end of the first skin material channel 23b and the second skin material flow. It arrange | positions between the edge parts of the downstream of the path | route 23c.

  When the first extruder 41 extrudes the skin material, the skin material is fed in the order of the outlet of the first extruder 41, the connecting pipe 3 and the inlet for skin material 20a, and then for the first skin material. The flow branches into the flow path 23 b and the second skin material flow path 23 c, and then reaches the junction 28. When the second extruder 42 extrudes the core material, the core material is sent in the order of the outlet of the second extruder 42, the connecting pipe 3, and the core material inlet 20b, and then the core material flow. It circulates through the path 23a and reaches the junction 28.

  Here, the flow passage 24, which is a flow passage through which the skin material circulates, includes a flow passage inside the connection pipe 3, a first skin material flow passage 23b, and a second skin material flow passage 23c. This branch 26 is called. In addition, the flow passage 24 that is the flow passage 24 through which the core material circulates and is composed of the flow passage inside the connecting pipe 3 and the flow passage 23 a for the core material is referred to as a second branch passage 27. The first branch path 26 and the second branch path 27 may be collectively referred to as a plurality of branch paths 25. The downstream ends of the plurality of branch flow paths 25 merge at the merge section 28.

  The skin material and the core material that have reached the junction 28 are fed toward the extrusion port 29 with the core material being overlapped between the skin materials, and are formed into a predetermined shape by the extrusion port 29 and continuously extruded. It is. Thereby, the molded body 93 having a three-layer structure is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the molded body 93 extruded by the mold apparatus 2 having such a configuration is pulled out and transported by the transport device 6 a. The transport device 6a is configured by arranging a first conveyor 61, a second conveyor 62, and a third conveyor 63 in order from the upstream side. Each of the conveyors 61, 62, and 63 is configured to be driven by a motor 64, and the conveyance speed can be controlled by changing the rotation speed of the motor 64.

  A patterning roll 5 is provided between the mold apparatus 2 and the first conveyor 61. The patterning roll 5 is pressed against the molded body 93 immediately after being extruded from the extrusion port 29, thereby forming a pattern or the like on the molded body 93. The patterning roll 5 is configured to be driven to rotate by, for example, a roll driving device 51 (see FIG. 7).

  A cutting machine 65 is provided on the second conveyor 62. The cutting machine 65 cuts the molded body 93 that is moving on the second conveyor 62 into a predetermined size to form the molded product 9.

  The extrusion apparatus main body 1 having such a configuration is controlled by the control device 8a. The control device 8a of the present embodiment is configured to control each part (for example, the extruder 4, the transport device 6a, the embossing roll 5 and the like) of the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 based on the detection value of the speed detection device 7a. ing.

  The speed detection device 7a is a device that irradiates the detection target with the detection light, receives reflected light reflected from the detection target, and detects the moving speed of the detection target based on the detection light and the reflected light. is there. The speed detection device 7a is configured by, for example, a laser Doppler velocimeter that emits laser light as detection light. By using a laser Doppler velocimeter, it is possible to detect a low-speed movement such as an inorganic molding material.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the speed detection device 7 a includes two detectors 71 and 72 provided for each branch channel 25 (a detector corresponding to the first branch channel 26). Is called the first detector 71, and the detector corresponding to the second branch path 27 is called the second detector 72). That is, the first detector 71 detects the velocity of the surface layer portion of the skin material (the flow velocity on the surface of the skin material). The second detector 72 detects the speed of the surface layer portion of the core material (the flow velocity of the surface of the core material). When the speed detection device 7a detects each speed value of the inorganic molding material flowing through the plurality of branch passages 25, the speed detection device 7a outputs the detected data (speed information) to the control device 8a as shown in FIG.

  The control device 8a is configured by, for example, a computer having a microprocessor as a main component. The control device 8a of this embodiment includes a calculation unit 81 and an extruder control unit 83, and controls the two extruders 4 and the like.

  When the velocity information is input from the first detector 71, the calculation unit 81 converts the velocity value of the surface layer portion of the skin material flowing through the first branch path 26 into an apparent flow rate in the first branch path 26, The apparent flow rate is multiplied by a correction coefficient to calculate the flow rate value of the skin material at the extrusion port 29 (referred to as an estimated flow rate value of the skin material). When the velocity information is input from the second detector 72, the calculation unit 81 converts the velocity value of the surface layer portion of the core material flowing through the second branch path 27 into an apparent flow rate in the second branch path 27. Then, the flow rate value of the core material at the extrusion port 29 is calculated by multiplying the apparent flow rate by a correction coefficient (referred to as an estimated flow rate value of the core material). The calculation unit 81 outputs data of these estimated flow rate values to the extruder control unit 83.

  When the data of the estimated flow rate value of the skin material is input from the calculation unit 81, the extruder control unit 83 brings the estimated flow rate value close to an appropriate flow rate value (target value) at the preset extrusion port 29. In addition, the motor 43 of the first extruder 41 is feedback-controlled.

  Further, when data of the estimated flow rate value of the core material is input from the calculation unit 81, the extruder control unit 83 sets the estimated flow rate value to an appropriate flow rate value (target value) at the preset extrusion port 29. The motor 43 of the second extruder 42 is feedback-controlled so as to approach.

  Here, in the speed detection device 7a of the present embodiment, only the speed of the skin material and the surface layer of the core material can be measured, and the flow velocity of the skin material and the core material at the center of the flow path cannot be measured. For this reason, even if the flow rate of the surface layer portion of each material measured by the speed detection device 7a is multiplied by the flow path cross-sectional area of the connection pipe 3 and simply converted into the flow rate of the material, the flow rate value and the extrusion port 29 There may be a discrepancy between the actual flow rate value of each material at.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, before the product is manufactured (referred to as main forming), a molded body is manufactured in advance on a trial basis (referred to as temporary forming), and the flow velocity of the surface layer portion of each material is measured during the temporary forming. At the same time, the extrusion flow rate of the molded body 93 at the extrusion port 29 is measured. Thereby, the relationship between the apparent flow rate value converted from the velocity value of the surface layer portion of each material into the flow rate and the extrusion flow rate value of each material at the extrusion port 29 can be obtained.

  Specifically, the flow velocity of the surface layer portion of each material is measured using the velocity detection device 7a. The extrusion flow rate of the molded body 93 at the extrusion port 29 can be obtained, for example, by cutting and taking out the molded body 93 extruded per unit time and measuring the volume of each material.

  Then, “the extrusion flow rate at the extrusion port 29” is divided by “the velocity value of the surface layer portion of the material × the flow passage cross-sectional area of the connection pipe 3”, and the apparent flow rate at the connection pipe 3 and the extrusion flow rate at the extrusion port 29 (actual The ratio of deviation from the flow rate is calculated, and this is set as a correction coefficient.

  From the above, for each material, the estimated flow rate value at the extrusion port 29 can be calculated by multiplying the apparent flow rate value converted from the velocity value of the surface layer portion by the correction coefficient.

  Here, FIG. 8A shows the relationship between the extrusion flow rate value (horizontal axis) at the skin material extrusion port 29 of this embodiment and the velocity value (vertical axis) of the surface layer portion of the skin material, and FIG. The relationship between the velocity value (horizontal axis) of the surface layer portion of the skin material and the correction coefficient (vertical axis) is shown. FIG. 9A shows the relationship between the extrusion flow rate value (horizontal axis) at the core material extrusion port 29 of the present embodiment and the velocity value (vertical axis) of the surface layer portion of the core material. The relationship between the velocity value (horizontal axis) of the surface layer portion of the core material and the correction coefficient (vertical axis) is shown.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 8A and 9A, the relationship between the extrusion flow rate value of each material at the extrusion port 29 and the velocity value of the surface layer portion of the material can be approximated by an expression of a linear function. Thereby, it turns out that the extrusion flow rate value in the extrusion port 29 of each material and the velocity value of the surface layer part of the said material are in a proportional relationship.

  Further, as can be seen from FIGS. 8B and 9B, it can be seen that the correction coefficient is not substantially affected by the flow velocity and has a substantially constant value. In particular, it can also be seen that the reliability is high when the speed value of the surface layer portion of each material is a certain speed (0.2 m / min or more in FIG. 8B).

  Therefore, a correction coefficient is determined by measuring in advance the relationship between the apparent flow rate converted from the speed of the surface layer portion of each material and the extrusion flow rate at the extrusion port 29, and the correction coefficient and the speed of the surface layer portion of the material It can be said that it is highly reliable to estimate the flow rate value at the extrusion port 29 using.

  In addition, in this embodiment, after converting into the apparent flow rate from the speed of the surface layer portion of each material, the estimated flow rate value at the extrusion port 29 was calculated by multiplying the correction coefficient, but each including conversion into the apparent flow rate The estimated flow rate value may be calculated directly from the speed of the surface layer portion of each material, using a function (referred to as a correction function) of the surface layer portion speed of the material and the estimated flow rate value. Moreover, in calculating the estimated flow rate value at the extrusion port 29, as shown in FIGS. A flow value may be calculated.

  Further, the extruder control unit 83 does not control each of the plurality of extruders 4 based on the estimated flow value, but controls only one of the plurality of extruders 4 based on the estimated flow value. About another extruder, you may feedback-control so that the estimated flow value of a core material and the estimated flow value of a skin material may become a fixed ratio. Further, from the appropriate flow rate value (target value) at the extrusion port 29, the appropriate speed (target value) of the surface layer portion of each material is calculated using the correction coefficient, and the appropriate speed and the speed detection device 7a are used. Each extruder 4 may be feedback controlled based on the measured speed. In this case, the motor 43 of the first extruder 41 and the second extruder 42 are adjusted so that the speed difference between the speed of the surface layer portion of the core material and the speed of the surface layer portion of the skin material is constant (or the same). The motor 43 may be feedback controlled.

  Here, in order to reduce the weight of the molded product 9, the core material may have a specific gravity lower than that of the skin material. In this case, since the skin material has a higher specific gravity than the core material, extrusion control is relatively easy. Therefore, when the estimated flow rate value of the core material does not deviate from the predetermined range, the extruder control unit 83 feedback-controls the motor 43 of the first extruder 41 based on the input from the calculation unit 81. Is preferred.

  Further, when the core material and the skin material are extruded by the respective extruders 4, they are circulated while being compressed in the connection pipe 3. The rate of volume change due to compression of these materials varies with pressure. For this reason, it is possible to calculate the estimated flow rate value at the extrusion port 29 more accurately by calculating a relational expression for the relationship between the compression ratios for each pressure and calculating the correction coefficient in consideration of this. Specifically, the above correction coefficient is calculated as follows.

  Prior to the production, for example, the material is put into a bottomed cylindrical container in advance, a load is applied from the container opening toward the bottom, the pressure in the flow path at this time is measured, and the volume change of the material Measure the rate and calculate the compression rate. This measurement is performed for each of the core material and the skin material, and while changing the pressure value, the compressibility is calculated, and this relationship is measured at multiple points.

  Next, the relationship between the pressure and the compressibility is plotted on a graph or the like, an approximate expression is generated, and a relational expression between the pressure and the compressibility is created.

  Next, using the pressure value when the relationship between the “surface layer velocity value” and the “extrusion flow rate value” (for example, FIG. 8A and FIG. 9A) when calculating the correction coefficient described above, The compression rate is calculated from the relational expression. Here, since the cross-sectional area of the flow path is constant and the compression rate and the velocity value of the surface layer portion are inversely proportional, the correction velocity is obtained by multiplying the "surface layer velocity value" by the reciprocal of the compression rate to obtain the surface layer velocity. Calculate the value.

  Thereafter, the corrected speed value as the “surface layer speed value” is converted into an apparent flow rate in the connecting pipe 3, and the correction coefficient is calculated from the relationship between the apparent flow rate value and the extrusion flow rate value of each material in the extrusion port 29. Can be calculated.

  By performing this for each of the core material and the skin material, the estimated flow rate at the extrusion port 29 can be accurately calculated.

  In the above-described embodiment, the correction coefficient considering the compression rate is calculated in advance before the main manufacturing, but the relational expression between the pressure and the compression rate is calculated in advance before the main manufacturing, and this correction is performed at the time of the main manufacturing. Substituting the pressure value at the time of production into the relational expression to obtain the compression rate of the material, and multiplying the reciprocal of the compression rate by the “surface layer velocity value” detected by the velocity detection means, calculates the corrected velocity value. Using this, the extrusion flow rate value considering the compression rate may be calculated in real time. At this time, the extrusion molding apparatus includes a pressure gauge as pressure measuring means.

  In addition, when using a material with a constant compression ratio for various pressures, omitting the creation of a relational expression between the pressure and the compression ratio, and calculating the correction speed value directly using the compression ratio. Good.

  Thereby, the skin material and the core material can be supplied to the extrusion port 29 at an appropriate ratio. In particular, in the case of the molded body 93 having a structure in which the core layer 91 is wrapped by the skin layer 92 as in the present embodiment, it is determined whether or not the core layer 91 and the skin layer 92 are molded at an appropriate ratio. It is difficult to judge the body 93 from the outside. For this reason, whether or not the core layer 91 and the skin layer 92 are laminated at an appropriate ratio is often found by looking at the cross section of the molded product 9 after the cutting machine. On the other hand, when the skin material and the core material can be supplied to the extrusion port 29 at an appropriate ratio, the yield can be improved, and the high-quality molded product 9 can be manufactured stably.

[Modification 1]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the control device 8a may be configured to control the transport device 6a (hereinafter, the example of FIG. 6 is referred to as a modified example 1). The control device 8a of Modification 1 includes a calculation unit 81a and a motor control unit 82.

  When the speed information is input from the first detector 71 and the second detector 72, the calculation unit 81a converts the velocity value of the surface layer portion of each material into an apparent flow rate, multiplies the correction coefficient, and the extrusion port 29 The estimated flow rate at the outlet is calculated and then converted into the moving speed (extrusion speed) of the molded body 93. When calculating the extrusion speed of the molded body 93, the calculation unit 81a outputs the calculation information to the motor control unit 82.

  When the calculation information of the extrusion speed of the molded body 93 is input from the calculation unit 81a, the motor control unit 82 drives and controls the motor 64 of the transport device 6a based on the information, thereby controlling the transport speed. It is configured as follows. Specifically, the motor control unit 82 controls the transport device 6a so that the extrusion speed of the molded body 93 matches the transport speed.

  According to the extrusion molding apparatus of Modification 1, it is possible to suppress the molded body 93 from being deformed by the transport device 6a. That is, if the extrusion speed of the molded body 93 is different from the conveyance speed of the molded body 93 by the transport device 6a, the molded body 93 may be stretched or wrinkled. On the other hand, according to the extrusion molding apparatus of Modification 1, since the extrusion speed of the molded body 93 and the conveying speed of the molded body 93 can be synchronized, the deformation of the molded body 93 can be suppressed and the shape can be maintained. However, it can be transported by the transport device 6a.

[Modification 2]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the control device 8 a may be configured to control the drive device (roll drive device 51) of the patterning roll 5 (hereinafter, the example of FIG. 7 is referred to as Modification 2). ). The control device 8a of Modification 2 includes a calculation unit 81b and a roll control unit 84.

  When the velocity information is input from the first detector 71 and the second detector 72, the calculation unit 81b converts the velocity value of the surface layer portion of each material into an apparent flow rate, multiplies the correction coefficient, and the extrusion port 29 The estimated flow rate at the outlet is calculated and then converted into the moving speed (extrusion speed) of the molded body 93. When calculating the extrusion speed, the calculation unit 81b outputs the calculation information to the roll control unit 84.

  When the calculation information of the extrusion speed is input from the calculation unit 81, the roll control unit 84 drives and controls the roll driving device 51 based on the information. Thereby, the speed on the outer peripheral surface of the patterning roll 5 and the extrusion speed of the molded body 93 can be matched.

  For this reason, according to the extrusion molding apparatus of the modification 2, it can suppress that formation of the pattern of the patterning roll 5 with respect to the molded object 93 shifts | deviates to a conveyance direction.

In addition, about the said control of the control apparatus 8a, this Embodiment 1 and the modifications 1 and 2 may be combined suitably, and may be comprised only in any one.
[Embodiment 2]
Next, Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1 for the most part, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected in the same part, description is abbreviate | omitted, and a different part is mainly demonstrated.

  The extrusion molding apparatus of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that only one extruder 4 is provided, and other configurations are the same. In addition, the molded product 9 molded by the extrusion molding apparatus of this embodiment is a single-layer molded product 9.

  Also in the present embodiment, the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material is configured to be detectable by the speed detecting means 7 (speed detecting device 7a). And a control means controls each part (for example, the extruder 4, the conveying apparatus 6a, the embossing roll 5, etc.) including the extruder 4 based on the speed value measured by the speed detection means 7, and a correction coefficient. Is configured to do.

  Thereby, it can be grasped that an inorganic molding material having an appropriate flow rate flows into the extrusion port 29. Even if the speed of the molded body 93 extruded from the extrusion port 29 is measured, it is impossible to grasp whether an appropriate flow rate is flowing into the extrusion port 29 unless the size (thickness / width) is measured separately. According to this embodiment, these measurements at the outlet of the extrusion port 29 can be omitted.

〔effect〕
As described above, the extrusion molding apparatuses according to Embodiments 1 and 2 and Modifications 1 and 2 include the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 and the control unit 8 that controls the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1. The extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 is provided at an extruder 4 for supplying an inorganic molding material, a flow passage 24 through which the inorganic molding material supplied by the extruder 4 flows, and an end portion on the downstream side of the flow passage 24. And an extrusion port 29. The flow path 24 is provided with a transmission part 31 that can transmit light. The extrusion apparatus further includes speed detection means 7. The speed detection means 7 irradiates the surface layer part of the inorganic molding material flowing through the flow path 24 from the outside through the transmission part 31 and receives the reflected light reflected by the surface layer part and transmitted through the transmission part 31. Based on these detection light and reflected light, the velocity value of the surface layer portion is detected. The control means 8 is the inorganic molding material obtained from the speed detection means 7 and the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port 29 at that time. The extruder 4 is controlled based on the speed of the surface layer portion of the material.

  For this reason, according to this extrusion molding apparatus, since the flow rate at the extrusion port 29 can be estimated from the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material in the flow passage 24, the extrusion molding apparatus body 1 can be controlled with high accuracy, and more A molded product 9 having a stable quality can be obtained.

  Moreover, the extrusion apparatus of the said Embodiment 1 and the modifications 1 and 2 has the following additional structures. In this extrusion molding apparatus, the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 includes a plurality of extruders 4. The flow path 24 includes a plurality of branch flow paths 25 through which the inorganic molding material supplied from each extruder 4 flows, and a merge section 28 provided at the downstream end of the plurality of branch flow paths 25 and leading to the extrusion port 29. And have. The permeation | transmission part 31 is provided in each branch flow path 25, respectively. The speed detection means 7 detects the moving speed of each inorganic molding material flowing through each branch channel 25. The control means 8 includes the relationship between the pre-measured speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material corresponding to the plurality of branch channels 25 and the extrusion flow rate extruded from the extrusion port 29 at that time, and the plurality of branch channels. 25, at least one of the plurality of extruders 4 is controlled on the basis of the respective speed values of the inorganic molding material flowing through 25.

  For this reason, according to this extrusion molding apparatus, in the molded body 93 on which a plurality of inorganic molding materials are stacked, the extruder 4 can be controlled based on the estimated flow rate value at the extrusion port 29 of each inorganic molding material. A plurality of inorganic molding materials can be extruded at an appropriate flow rate, and a molded product 9 with more stable quality can be obtained.

  Moreover, the extrusion molding apparatus of this embodiment and the modifications 1 and 2 has the following additional structure. In this extrusion molding apparatus, the extrusion molding apparatus main body 1 includes a conveying means 6 that conveys a molded body 93 extruded from the extrusion port 29. The control means 8 determines the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port 29 at that time, and the speed value detected by the speed detection means 7. Based on the above, the transport speed of the transport means 6 is controlled.

  For this reason, according to this extrusion molding apparatus, the conveyance means 6 can suppress the deformation of the molded body 93, and can be conveyed by the conveyance means 6 while maintaining the shape. As a result, a molded product 9 with more stable quality can be obtained.

  Moreover, the extrusion molding apparatus of this embodiment and the modifications 1 and 2 has the following additional structure. The transmission part 31 of this extrusion molding apparatus is composed of a tempered glass 33 that closes an opening 32 provided on the side wall of the flow passage 24.

  Thus, in this extrusion molding apparatus, since the transmission part 31 is composed of the tempered glass 33, the transmission part 31 can be prevented from being damaged by the pressure inside the mold apparatus 2.

  Moreover, the extrusion molding apparatus of this embodiment and the modifications 1 and 2 has the following additional structure. That is, in the extrusion molding apparatus of the present embodiment, the control means 8 is based on the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port 29 at that time. As the speed of the surface layer portion, a corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer portion by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material is used.

  According to this configuration, the extrusion flow rate estimated at the extrusion port 29 can be set to a value in consideration of the compression rate, and the accuracy of the estimated value of the extrusion flow rate can be increased.

  Moreover, the extrusion molding apparatus of this embodiment and the modifications 1 and 2 has the following additional structure. That is, in the extrusion molding apparatus of the present embodiment, the control means 8 uses the corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer part by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material as the speed of the surface layer part obtained from the speed detecting means 7. Is used.

  According to this configuration, the extrusion flow rate estimated at the extrusion port 29 can be set to a value in consideration of the compression rate, and the accuracy of the estimated value of the extrusion flow rate can be increased.

〔application〕
Although the extrusion molding apparatuses of the first and second embodiments and the first and second modifications are provided with one or two extruders 4, in the present invention, for example, three or more extruders 4 are provided. An extrusion apparatus may be used. That is, the molded product may be composed of three or more layers.

  In the extrusion molding apparatuses of Embodiments 1 and 2 and Modifications 1 and 2, the transmission window 31a is provided in the connection pipe 3 connected to the mold apparatus 2, but for example, the mold apparatus 2 and the extruder 4 are used. May be provided in at least one of the mold apparatus 2 and the extruder 4. Moreover, the transmission part 31 is not limited to the transmission window 31a, What is necessary is just the thing which can permeate | transmit the detection light of the speed detection means 7. FIG.

  In the above-described Embodiments 1 and 2 and Modifications 1 and 2, the molded product 9 refers to a product that has been cut by a cutting machine 65 after extrusion molding. May be the molded product 9.

  In Embodiments 1 and 2 above, the estimated flow rate value was calculated by multiplying the apparent flow rate value converted from the velocity value of the surface layer portion of each material by the correction coefficient. May be converted to a flow rate value at the extrusion port 29 after calculating the estimated speed value at the extrusion port 29.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Extrusion molding apparatus main body 24 Flow path 25 Branch flow path 28 Merge part 29 Extrusion port 31 Permeation | transmission part 32 Opening part 33 Tempered glass 4 Extruder 6 Conveyance means 7 Speed detection means 8 Control means 9 Molded article

Claims (7)

An extrusion molding machine body;
Control means for controlling the extrusion apparatus main body,
The extrusion apparatus main body is:
An extruder for supplying inorganic molding materials;
A flow path through which the inorganic molding material supplied by the extruder flows;
An extrusion molding apparatus having an extrusion port provided at the downstream end of the flow passage and through which the inorganic molding material is extruded,
The flow path is provided with a transmission part capable of transmitting light,
The detection light is applied to the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material flowing through the flow path from the outside through the transmission portion, and the reflected light reflected by the surface layer portion and transmitted through the transmission portion is received. And a speed detecting means for detecting a speed value of the surface layer portion based on the reflected light,
The control means includes
The relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time,
The speed of the surface layer obtained from the speed detection means;
The extrusion apparatus is configured to control the extruder based on the above. The extrusion apparatus main body includes a plurality of extruders,
The flow path is
A plurality of branch channels through which the inorganic molding material supplied from each of the extruders flows;
Provided at the downstream end of the plurality of branch flow paths, and a merge section where the plurality of branch flow paths merge and communicate with the extrusion port,
The permeation part is provided in each of the plurality of branch channels,
The speed detection means detects each speed value of the inorganic molding material flowing through the plurality of branch channels.
The extrusion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls at least one of the plurality of extruders. In the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time,
The extrusion molding apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a correction speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer part by a reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material is used as the speed of the surface layer part. The control means includes
The corrected velocity value obtained by multiplying the velocity value of the surface layer portion by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material is used as the velocity of the surface layer portion obtained from the velocity detecting means. 2. The extrusion molding apparatus according to 2. An extruder for supplying inorganic molding materials;
A flow path through which the inorganic molding material supplied by the extruder flows;
A manufacturing method of a molded product using an extrusion molding apparatus provided with an extrusion port provided at an end portion on the downstream side of the flow passage and through which the inorganic molding material is extruded,
The flow path is provided with a transmission part capable of transmitting light,
The detection light is applied to the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material flowing through the flow path from the outside through the transmission portion, and the reflected light reflected by the surface layer portion and transmitted through the transmission portion is received. And a speed detecting means for detecting a speed value of the surface layer portion based on the reflected light,
The relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time,
A method of manufacturing a molded article using an extrusion molding apparatus, wherein the extruder is controlled based on the speed of the surface layer portion obtained from the speed detection means. In the relationship between the speed of the surface layer portion of the inorganic molding material measured in advance and the extrusion flow rate of the inorganic molding material extruded from the extrusion port at that time,
The speed of the surface layer part is a corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer part by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material. Production method. The extrusion speed according to claim 5, wherein a corrected speed value obtained by multiplying the speed value of the surface layer part by the reciprocal of the compressibility of the inorganic molding material is used as the speed of the surface layer part obtained from the speed detecting means. A method for producing a molded product using a molding apparatus.

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