JP2018053861A - Operation method of power generating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize regional water source and woody biomass.SOLUTION: An operation method of a power generating apparatus is provided that is comprised of: a first power generation step of generating power by introducing water from a water source through a hydraulic pipe and driving first power generation means; a water supply step of force-feeding the water passed through a hydraulic power generation plant managing the water passed through the first power generation step, to steam generation means by utilizing a water supply pump and a water supply route; a steam generation step of making high-pressure steam from the water obtained in the water supply step by steam generation means; a high-pressure steam introduction step of introducing the high-pressure steam generated in the steam generation step to steam jetting means; a second power generation step of generating power by rotating a rotating shaft at high speed by the steam jetting means and driving a second power generator by high-speed torque; and a heat utilization step of introducing the residual high-pressure steam passed through the second power generation step, to heat utilization means at a downstream side. The steam generation means in the steam generation step is a woody biomass boiler using woody biomass as a heat source, and the heat utilization means in the heat utilization step is at least any one of heat utilization equipment and a woody biomass drying chamber.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for operating a power generation device in a city, town, village, or the like.

  The subject of the invention of Patent Document 1 is to reduce the energy loss in the condenser while reducing the size of the condenser 18. The power generation apparatus 10 of Patent Document 1 includes an evaporation unit 14 that evaporates a working medium liquid (warm water), and a working medium vapor (high-pressure steam) generated by the evaporation unit 14 is introduced into the expander 16 to cause the generator 24 to operate. Power generation means 25 that drives to generate power, a condenser 18 that condenses the working medium vapor discharged from the expander 16, and a use side heat exchanger 22 that uses the heat of the working medium liquid condensed in the condenser 18. However, the working medium liquid (warm water) is supplied to the evaporating means 14 via the circulation circuit 12 including the warm water pumping pump 38 (reference numeral is that of Patent Document 1). In addition, as in the present invention, it does not effectively utilize regional water sources such as rivers, swamps, and lakes.

By the way, in recent years, a “solar power generation business” in which solar panels are arranged on local land is frequently performed. However, since this solar power project aims to increase the installation area by cutting down the local forest, there is a problem that nature is destroyed.
Patent Document 2 discloses a method for using heat generated from wood bass omas. This Patent Document 2 uses a combustion gas to drive a gas turbine generator and uses the electric power generated by the gas turbine generator as a light source for a greenhouse or a light source for a wood drying room.
However, since Patent Document 2 does not effectively use water sources such as local rivers, swamps, and lake water and local woody biomass, as in Patent Document 1, it does not activate the local forest business. Absent.

  Thus, there is a demand for the emergence of power generation devices that take into consideration not only the environment but also the economic and social aspects of the region.

JP 2011-214430 A JP 2005-180746 A

  The main object of the present invention is to increase the amount of power generation as a whole region by combining two or more different power generation methods while utilizing the water source of the region. In addition, a power generation device that can effectively use a local water source and preferably a heat source including local woody biomass is established in a city, town, village, etc., and the municipality, local forest association, local people, etc. It is to propose a method of operating the local power generation system operated in cooperation with. The woody biomass may be imported if there is a need to protect the local forest because there is a shortage of fuel for biomass power generation in the country when there are restrictions on the supply of thinned wood depending on the region. Woody biomass may be included.

  The second purpose is to use the generated surplus high-pressure steam at least in either the local heat utilization facility or the woody biomass drying chamber, and preferably use the surplus high-pressure steam in the local heat utilization facility and the woody biomass drying chamber. By using both, fossil fuel as a heat source is converted into woody biomass, thereby reducing carbon dioxide. The third purpose is to use the surplus of high-pressure steam used for the second power generation for the third generator, increase the amount of power generation in the region as a whole, and increase the economic, environmental, and social activities of the region. Is to make it easier. In addition, the control unit adjusts the flow rate of the water supply path, adjusts the pressure of the steam generation tank, and manages the water quality of the water source. Here, “region” means a division of a city, a town, a prefecture, or a prefecture in a broad sense, and a division of a city, a town, or a village in a narrow sense.

The operation method of the power generation device of the present invention includes a first power generation step in which water is introduced from a water source such as a river, a swamp, a lake, etc. via a hydraulic pipe, and the first generating means is driven to generate power. The water from the water source is pumped to the steam generating means by using a water supply pump and a water supply path, either through a hydroelectric power plant that manages water that has undergone one power generation process or not through the hydroelectric power plant. A water supply step, a steam generation step for converting the water obtained in this water supply step into high-pressure steam by the steam generation means, a high-pressure steam introduction step for introducing the high-pressure steam generated in this steam generation step into a steam injection means, A second power generation step in which the rotating shaft is rotated at a high speed by the steam injection means, and the second generator is driven by the high-speed rotational force to generate power, and the excess high-pressure steam that has passed through the second power generation step is used as heat downstream Power generation device comprising a heat utilization process introduced into the means A method of operation,
The steam generation means in the steam generation step is a wood biomass boiler using wood biomass as a heat source, and the heat utilization means in the heat utilization step is at least either a heat utilization facility or a wood biomass drying chamber. And

  In the above configuration, the heat utilization means of the heat utilization process is provided in both the local heat utilization facility and the woody biomass drying chamber connected to the steam generation means via the steam distribution means on the downstream side of the second power generation process. It is characterized by being. Further, a third power generation process is added to the downstream side of the heat utilization process, and this third power generation process uses a third generator driven by surplus high-pressure steam through a steam introduction port connected to the steam distribution means. And The power generator includes a control unit, and a water level sensor is disposed in the woody biomass boiler. The control unit controls the number of rotations of the feed water pump based on the detection signal of the water level sensor. It is characterized by adjusting the flow rate. The power generator includes a control unit, and a pressure sensor is provided in the wood biomass boiler. The control unit opens and closes a steam discharge valve provided in the wood biomass boiler based on a detection signal of the pressure sensor. By controlling, the pressure of the steam generation tank of the woody biomass boiler is adjusted. The water supply process includes a water storage tank and a water quality management process for managing the water quality. Furthermore, the operating method of the power generation device characterized by including the fuel supply process which supplies the wood biomass dried in the wood biomass drying chamber to the combustion furnace of a wood biomass boiler.

  In the present specification, the “first power generation means” is a so-called hydroelectric power plant, and uses, for example, a water turbine disposed between an upstream swamp and a basement of the power plant, and rotation of the water turbine. Including a hydroelectric generator. The “second power generation means” includes steam generation means, steam injection means, and a second generator. Further, the third power generation means includes a third power generator that uses steam generated by the steam generation means of the second power generation means.

(A) The invention according to claim 1 can increase the power generation amount as a whole area by combining two or more different power generation methods while making use of the water source in the area. In addition, because it is necessary to continuously produce woody biomass fuel in the region, new businesses such as agriculture and forestry are created in the region, and employment in the region is secured by this new project. Therefore, expansion of the local population and the outflow of young human resources to the city can be suppressed (social activation). In addition, planned thinning of thinned wood in the area will lead to a fertile forest, which will increase the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed per unit area of the forest, and when installing solar panels As with, there is no need to cut down a wide range of forests, so there will be no problems such as floods and problems with residents. Furthermore, when the excess high-pressure steam used for power generation is used for local heat utilization facilities (for example, warm bath facilities, hospitals, roads, plastic houses, etc. that utilize heat utilization facilities), so-called heat sharing becomes possible. At the same time, the fossil fuel as the heat source currently used by the heat utilization facility can be replaced with woody biomass, so that carbon dioxide gas can be reduced (contribution to the environment). On the other hand, when surplus high-pressure steam used for power generation is used in the wood biomass drying room, local wood biomass can be used cyclically and efficiently. In addition, fuel costs and heating / cooling costs can be greatly reduced, and wood fuel derived from the expansion of wood biomass fuel production can also be sold externally. Yes (economic effect)
(B) The present invention uses local water sources such as rivers, swamps, and lake waters, and generates power by using an upstream wood biomass boiler and steam turbine that use the wood biomass in the region as a heat source. The investment amount for the apparatus can be reduced. In addition, since the Electric Power Business Law is not applied to the second power generation means of the present invention, and the Occupational Safety and Health Law is applied, the installation cost of the power generator can be reduced.
(C) The invention according to claim 2 is economically efficient by using the surplus high-pressure steam (exhaust steam) that has driven the second power generation means for both the local heat utilization facility and the woody biomass drying room. Regional revitalization in terms of environment and society can be further promoted.
(D) The invention described in claim 3 can increase the amount of power generation as a whole by causing the third power generation device to generate power by reusing excess high-pressure steam downstream of the second power generation means. .
(E) In the invention according to claim 4, the power generator Y as a whole includes one or a plurality of control units, and a water level sensor is disposed in the woody biomass boiler, and the control unit is a water level sensor. The flow rate of the water supply path can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the water supply pump based on the detection signal.
(F) In the invention according to claim 5, a pressure sensor is disposed in the wood biomass boiler, and the control unit controls opening and closing of a steam discharge valve provided in the wood biomass boiler based on a detection signal of the pressure sensor. Thus, the pressure of the steam generation tank of the woody biomass boiler can be adjusted.
(G) In the invention described in claim 6, since the water supply process includes a water quality management process for managing the water quality, it is always possible to supply clean water.
(H) The invention according to claim 7 includes a fuel supply step for supplying the wood biomass dried in the wood biomass drying chamber to the combustion furnace of the wood biomass boiler, so that the wood biomass is combusted cyclically and efficiently. Can do.

1 to 8 are explanatory views showing a first embodiment of the present invention. 9 to 10 are explanatory diagrams showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
The process figure which shows the operating method X of an electric power generating apparatus. The schematic explanatory drawing of the electric power generating apparatus Y used for an operating method. Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the 1st electric power generation means of a 1st electric power generation process. Explanatory drawing which shows an example of the 2nd electric power generation means of a 2nd electric power generation process (a supply means is also shown). The block diagram which shows the control object of the control part. Schematic cross-sectional view of local heat utilization equipment (an example used for a hot water bath). Explanatory drawing from planar view. The schematic explanatory drawing from the perspective of a woody biomass drying room. Schematic cross-sectional explanatory drawing of a woody biomass drying room. Process drawing which shows the operating method X1 of the electric power generating apparatus of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Schematic explanatory drawing which shows the other power generation means (wind power station and geothermal power station) added to the 1st power generation means of a 1st power generation process.

  1 to 9 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a method for operating a power generator (hereinafter referred to as “operation method”). Since FIG. 2 shows the power generation device Y used in the operation method X, the terms of the components of the power generation device Y are used in the operation method X as they are.

  First, each step of the operation method X will be briefly described with reference to the process diagram of FIG. W is a water source, A is a first power generation process, B is a water quality management process including a water tank, C is a water supply process, D is a steam generation process, E is a high-pressure steam introduction process, F is a second power generation process, and G is heat utilization Process, H is the third power generation process, and I is the fuel supply process. The heat utilization process G includes one or more heat utilization methods G1 and G2. In the present embodiment, for example, two or more different power generation methods are combined while utilizing a water source of a city, town, or village (narrowly defined area). Different power generation systems are, for example, wood biomass boilers that use hydropower and wood biomass as heat sources.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3, the first power generation process A is a so-called hydroelectric power plant 1, and this hydroelectric power plant 1 includes, for example, an upstream swamp that is an example of a water source W and a basement 1 b of the hydroelectric power plant 1. It has a hydroelectric generator (first generator) 2 that generates electric power by utilizing the rotation of a water turbine disposed therebetween.

  Accordingly, the first power generation means includes a water wheel (not shown) and a first power generator 2 that generates electric power by utilizing the rotation of the water wheel. The electric power of the first power generation process A can be consumed in the area, and can also be sold by taking into account power generation means such as wind power and geothermal power. In FIG. 3, 1 a is a water pressure pipe for introducing water from the water source W to the first generator 2, and 1 c is a pipe for guiding the water used in the first generator 2 to the water storage tank 3.

  Next, in the water supply process C, steam from the water source W is generated by either the hydroelectric power station 1 that manages the water that has passed through the first power generation process A or not through the hydroelectric power station 1. Pump to means 11.

  Preferably, clean water that has undergone the water quality management process B by the water quality management facility managed by the hydroelectric power plant 1 constitutes the second power generation means so that the hydroelectric power plant 1 can collectively manage the facilities such as the water tank. Is sent to the steam generating means 11.

  That is, this water supply process C includes a water quality management process B for managing the water quality in consideration of the fact that the water source W is soiled with earth and sand. In this water quality management process B, one or more known water purifying means are used in the water tank 3. 4 is disposed. Thus, the clean water managed in the water quality management process B is pumped to the steam generating means 11 through the water supply pump 5, the water supply path 6 and the like (see FIGS. 1 to 3).

  By the way, in the embodiment, the water supply pump 5 is controlled by the control unit 7. That is, the power generation device Y includes one or a plurality of control units 7, and a water level sensor 22 is disposed in the woody biomass boiler 11 described later. The control unit 7 supplies water based on the detection signal of the water level sensor 22. The flow rate of the water supply path 6 is adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the pump 5. In addition, although the seawater is also contained in the water source W, when the subject of this invention is considered, fresh water, such as a river, a swamp, a lake water, is desirable.

Next, in the steam generation step D, the water obtained in the water supply step C is converted into high pressure steam by the steam generation means 11. The heat source of the steam generating means 11 is “woody biomass a”. This woody biomass a is dried in a woody biomass drying chamber 50 provided in an area where forests exist.
As shown in FIG. 4, the dried woody biomass a is appropriately transported and put into the storage silo 30, and sent to the hopper 32 through the guide tube 31 connected to the central portion of the lower end of the mortar shape of the storage silo 30. It is done. The woody biomass a sent to the hopper 32 is carried to the combustion furnace 12 via a conveying means 33 such as a conveyor or a screw. Therefore, in the embodiment, the fuel supply process I including the storage silo 30, the guide pipe 31, the hopper 32, and the conveying means 33 is taken into consideration.

  By the way, the steam generation means 11 is, for example, a “woody bioboiler” having a structure shown in FIG. This wood bioboiler 11 can reduce the installation cost because the Electricity Business Law is not applied and the Industrial Safety and Health Law is applied in Japan. Here, with reference to FIG.4 and FIG.5, the structure of a wooden bioboiler is demonstrated easily. 12 is a combustion furnace, 13 is a steam generation tank provided integrally with the upper part of the combustion furnace, 14 is a chimney provided on the outer wall surface of the combustion furnace, 15 is a high-pressure steam induction pipe disposed in contact with the chimney, 16 is a vertical injection chamber provided integrally on the upper surface of the steam generation tank, 17 is a plurality of injection nozzles provided at the insertion tip of the high-pressure steam guide tube, and 18 is rotatable in the injection chamber 16. Turbine blades (rotary blades), 19 is a rotating shaft of the turbine blade, 20 is a power transmission means, 21 is a second generator, 22 is a water level sensor, 23 is a pressure sensor, and 24 is a steam discharge valve.

  Next, in the high pressure steam introduction process E, the high pressure steam generated in the steam generation process D is introduced into the injection nozzle 17 disposed in the injection chamber 16. In the embodiment, the high-pressure steam guide pipe 15 described above has a pair of upper and lower horizontal pipes 15a at a position near the upper end portion and the substantially central portion or the lower end portion, and these horizontal pipes appropriately form one side wall of the injection chamber 16. It is intrusive. The injection nozzle 17 at the insertion tip of the horizontal pipe 15 a is directed toward the receiving plate of the turbine blade 18.

  By the way, in embodiment, the pressure sensor 23 is arrange | positioned at the upper part of the combustion furnace 12 of a wood biomass boiler, and the control part 7 mentioned above is the steam discharge valve 24 provided in the said wood biomass boiler based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 23. Controls the opening and closing of. Thereby, the pressure of the steam generation tank 13 of the woody biomass boiler 11 is adjusted.

  Next, in the second power generation process F, high-pressure steam is injected to the receiving plate of the turbine blade 18 housed in the injection chamber by the injection nozzle 17 of the high-pressure steam introduction process E, and the high-speed rotational force of the turbine blade 18 is used for the first generation. 2 The generator 21 is driven to generate power. The electric power generated in the second power generation process F can be provided to local heat utilization means and can also be sold.

  Next, in the heat utilization process G, surplus high-pressure steam that has passed through the second power generation process H is introduced into downstream heat utilization means (equipment G1, drying chamber G2,..., Light source In). 6 and 7 schematically show a “hot water bath” as an example of a local heat utilization facility G1. On the other hand, FIGS. 8 and 9 schematically show a “woody biomass drying room” as an example of a local heat utilization facility G2. Of course, the heat utilization facilities G1 and G2 are not limited to these.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in the hot water bath G <b> 1, for example, a heater 43 that guides excess high-pressure steam in one direction is arranged in a meandering manner in a space portion 42 under the floor 41 of the bath body 40. Therefore, the heater 43 is a heat exchanger.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the woody biomass drying chamber G2 unidirectionally sends excess high-pressure steam to the space portion 52 of the underfloor 51 of the drying chamber main body 50 having a predetermined space in the same manner as the hot water bath G1 described above. A heater 53 is provided in a meandering manner. Therefore, the heater 53 is a heat exchanger.

  The drying chamber main body 50 is loaded with a first duct 54 for introducing air into the drying chamber main body, a discharge duct 55 for discharging moisture out of the drying chamber main body 50, a blower 56, and woody biomass a for drying. A drying table 57 is provided as appropriate. The drying table 57 is preferably a net-like one. The drying table 57 is a fixed type, but a movable type is desirable.

The heat utilization process G may be either the regional heat utilization facility G1 or the woody biomass drying chamber G2 connected to the downstream side of the second power generation means, but is preferably connected to the second power generation means via the steam distribution means 25. It is both the heat utilization equipment G1 and the woody biomass drying room G2 of the area to do.
The regional heat utilization equipment G1 is, for example, a hot bath facility, a hospital, a road, a plastic house, a school, a government office, a house, or the like that uses the heat utilization equipment. In addition, in embodiment, the fuel supply process I which supplies the wood biomass dried in the wood biomass drying chamber to the combustion furnace of a wood biomass boiler is included (FIG. 1, FIG. 2).

  Finally, in the embodiment of the operation method X, the third power generation process H is added to the downstream side of the heat utilization process G. The second power generation step F includes a third turbine blade 18A that rotates with surplus high-pressure steam via a steam introduction port 26 connected to a steam distribution means (for example, a steam bag) 25, and the second turbine blade rotational force. 3 The generator 21A is driven to generate power. The third generator 21A is smaller than the second generator 21. In the third power generation step H using the third generator, a known condenser that condenses the vapor may be appropriately used in order to increase thermal efficiency. The surplus steam that has passed through the third power generation step H is liquefied and becomes hot water when the heat is removed by heat exchange means such as a heat exchanger, a heat exchange pipe, and the like. It can also be used. In the embodiment, the liquid is liquefied and used as appropriate without circulating hot water, or returned to the water source W.

  Although not shown in the drawings, in the present embodiment, the configuration of the injection nozzle 17, the turbine blade 18 and the power transmission unit 20 is shown as an example of the steam injection unit. It may be replaced with “machine”. The expander is steam injection means for rotating the rotating shaft 19 of the second generator 21 in the second power generation process H at high speed by high-pressure steam (working steam) generated in the steam generation tank 13. Therefore, the 3rd generator 21A in the 3rd power generation process H is also the same.

  In addition, a magnetic opening / closing valve 35 that opens and closes by a control signal from the control unit 7 is provided at an appropriate position of the mortar-shaped lower end of the storage silo 30 or the guide tube 31, and when the magnetic opening / closing valve 35 is opened, the storage silo 30 is opened. You may comprise so that the woody biomass a inside may fall naturally. If comprised in this way, the woody biomass a can be automatically mounted on the conveyance means 33. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the first power generation step A is the hydroelectric power plant 1, but other power generation means (wind power plant 1A and geothermal power plant 1B) may be added to the hydroelectric power plant 1. . FIG. 10 is a process diagram showing an operation method X1 of the power generator according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a schematic explanation in which a wind power station 1A and a geothermal power station 1B are added to the first power generation means of the first power generation process. FIG. Since the specific configurations of the wind power plant 1A and the geothermal power plant 1B are well-known technologies, they are omitted. Reference numeral 60 denotes a substation.

  The present invention is a method of operating a power generation device in a region such as a city, town, or village.

X, X1 ... Driving method,
Y ... Power generator,
W ... Water source
a ... woody biomass,
A ... First power generation process B ... Water quality management process,
C ... Water supply process
D: Steam generation process,
E ... High-pressure steam introduction process,
F ... Second power generation process,
G ... Heat utilization process,
G1… Local heat utilization facilities,
G2: Regional woody biomass drying room,
H ... Third power generation process,
I ... Fuel supply process,
1 ... Hydroelectric power plant,
2 ... 1st power generation means,
3 ... Water tank,
4 ... water purification means,
5 ... Water supply pump,
6 ... Water supply route
7: Control unit,
11 ... Steam generating means (woody biomass boiler),
12 ... Combustion furnace,
13. Steam generation tank,
14 ... chimney,
15 ... high pressure steam induction tube,
16 ... injection chamber,
17 ... injection nozzle,
18 ... turbine blade,
19 ... Rotating shaft,
20 ... power transmission means,
21 ... second generator,
21A ... the third generator,
22 ... Water level sensor,
23 ... Pressure sensor,
24. Steam discharge valve,
25 ... Vapor distribution means,
26: Steam introduction port,
30 ... Storage silo,
31 ... Guide tube,
32 ... Hopper,
33 ... conveying means,
35 ... Magnetic on-off valve.

Claims (7)

A first power generation process in which water is introduced from a water source such as a river, a marsh, or a lake through a hydraulic pipe, and the first power generation means is driven to generate power, and the hydropower that manages the water that has passed through the first power generation process. A water supply process in which water from the water source is pumped to the steam generating means using a water supply pump and a water supply path, either through a power plant or not through the hydropower plant, and obtained in this water supply step A steam generation step for converting water into high-pressure steam by the steam generation means, a high-pressure steam introduction step for introducing the high-pressure steam generated in the steam generation step into the steam injection means, and a rotation shaft rotated at high speed by the steam injection means. A second power generation step of generating power by driving the second generator with the high-speed rotational force, and a heat utilization step of introducing surplus high-pressure steam that has passed through the second power generation step into heat utilization means on the downstream side A method of operating a power generator,
The steam generation means in the steam generation step is a wood biomass boiler using wood biomass as a heat source, and the heat utilization means in the heat utilization step is at least either a heat utilization facility or a wood biomass drying chamber. A method of operating the power generator. 2. The heat utilization means of the heat utilization process according to claim 1, wherein both the heat utilization facility and the woody biomass drying chamber in the area connected to the steam generation means via the steam distribution means downstream of the second power generation process. A method for operating a power generator, comprising: 3. The third power generation process according to claim 1, wherein a third power generation process is added to the downstream side of the heat utilization process, and the third power generation process is driven by surplus high-pressure steam through a steam introduction port connected to the steam distribution means. A method of operating a power generation apparatus using a machine. The power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the power generation device includes a control unit, and a water level sensor is disposed in the woody biomass boiler, and the control unit controls the rotation speed of the feed water pump based on a detection signal of the water level sensor. The operating method of the power generator characterized by adjusting the flow volume of a water supply path | route. The power generator includes a control unit, and a pressure sensor is provided in the wood biomass boiler. The control unit is provided in the wood biomass boiler based on a detection signal of the pressure sensor. A method for operating a power generation apparatus, wherein the pressure of a steam generation tank of a wood biomass boiler is adjusted by controlling opening and closing of a steam discharge valve. 2. The method of operating a power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply process includes a water storage tank and a water quality management process for managing the water quality. 2. The method of operating a power generator according to claim 1, further comprising a fuel supply step of supplying the wood biomass dried in the wood biomass drying chamber to the combustion furnace of the wood biomass boiler.

Images