JP2018049389A - Storage medium device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow a storage medium device itself to manage writing results of unit data in a file stored in the storage medium device.SOLUTION: A storage medium device includes: a storage medium for storing a file including one or more pieces of unit data associated with writing completion identification information; a communication unit for communicating with a data writing device; and an identification information control unit for rewriting the writing completion identification information corresponding to written unit data from a state indicating being yet to be written to a state indicating being already written in response to completion of writing unit data in a storage medium in response to instructions on data writing from the data writing device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage medium device and a program.

  In an IC (Integrated Circuit) card issuance stage, data is written to the IC card by an IC card issuer (data writing device) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-206765 A

  The file data stored in the IC card further has a structure stored in one or more unit data areas called records. However, control relating to whether data can be written to the IC card is performed on a file basis. For this reason, even if an error has occurred regarding the writing of data in record units, this cannot be grasped by the IC card. For this reason, if the data writing device cannot grasp the occurrence of an error related to data writing in units of records, an IC card having an inadequate data storage state is issued. Become.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to enable the storage medium device itself to manage the writing result of unit data in a file stored in the storage medium device.

  One aspect of the present invention that solves the above-described problems includes a storage medium that stores a file including one or more unit data associated with write completion identification information, a communication unit that communicates with a data writing device, In response to the writing of the unit data to the storage medium in accordance with the data writing instruction from the data writing device, the writing completion identification information corresponding to the written unit data is written. The storage medium device includes an identification information control unit that rewrites a state indicating that the writing is not completed to a state indicating the completion of writing.

  One aspect of the present invention that solves the above-described problem includes a storage medium that stores a file including one or more unit data associated with write completion identification information, and a communication unit that communicates with the data writing device. The computer as the storage medium device writes the write completion identification information corresponding to the written unit data in response to the unit data being written to the storage medium by the data writing device. This is a program for functioning as an identification information control unit that rewrites from a state indicating no writing to a state indicating writing completion.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to manage the writing result of unit data in a file stored in the storage medium device by the storage medium device itself.

It is a figure which shows the memory mapping example about the storage area of the storage medium with which the IC card in this embodiment is provided. It is a figure which shows the example of a structure of the file memorize | stored in the storage medium of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a state transition of the write completion flag in this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example in case the number of records stored in a file is three as a state transition of the write completion flag in this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the IC card in this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the example of a process sequence which the IC card of this embodiment performs.

Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Data Structure in IC Card Storage Medium]
Hereinafter, an IC card (an example of a storage medium device) as an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The IC card of this embodiment includes a storage medium inside and is configured to be able to communicate with an external communication device such as an IC card issuing device or a reader / writer. The IC card executes writing or reading of data with respect to the storage medium according to the control of the external communication device through communication with the external communication device.

  Data is managed in file units in the storage medium of the IC card. FIG. 1 shows an example of mapping for the storage area of the storage medium 103 provided in the IC card of this embodiment. As shown in the figure, the storage area of the storage medium 103 includes a file management area AR1, a system area AR2, and a user data area AR3.

  The file management area AR1 is an area for storing file management information for managing data stored in the system area AR2 and the user data area AR3 in units of files. As an example, file management information corresponding to a FAT (File Allocation Table) file system may be stored in the file management area AR1 in the present embodiment.

The system area AR2 is an area for storing system information including an OS (Operating System) and various setting information.
The user data area AR3 is an area in which user data used by the application is stored. The file data is stored in the user data area AR3.
Note that the storage area of the storage medium 103 may include areas other than the file management area AR1, the system area AR2, and the user data area AR3.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of the file FL. As shown in the figure, the file FL has a structure including a file header and a data area.
The file header stores predetermined parameters related to the file.
Data as a file is stored in the data area. In the present embodiment, the file stored in the data area has a record structure in which records of a fixed length are arranged. In such a record structure, data (record data: an example of unit data) is stored for each record. The record data stored in the record has contents according to a predetermined definition, as exemplified below. That is, one file includes one or more records, and each record stores data of a type according to a predetermined definition, for example.
In this embodiment, a case where the maximum number of records that can be stored in the data area of the file FL is “8” is taken as an example. In the figure, an example is shown in which eight records # 1 to # 8 corresponding to the maximum number of records that can be stored are stored in the data area of the file FL.

In the present embodiment, the write completion flag area FLA is arranged at a predetermined position in the file header.
An example of the write completion flag area FLA corresponding to the file FL in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 3A, the write completion flag area FLA is formed by arranging eight 1-bit write completion flags corresponding to the bit positions b1 to b8. Write completion flags corresponding to bit positions b1 to b8 are associated with records # 1 to # 8, respectively.
The write completion flag indicates whether or not the record data has been written to the corresponding record. In the following description, the case where the write completion flag of this embodiment is defined to indicate that writing is not completed by “0” and that writing is completed by “1” is taken as an example. I will give you.

For example, immediately before the IC card starts a session with the IC card issuing device, as shown in FIG. 3A, all the eight write completion flags are in an initial state reset to “0”. Yes.
Then, when the IC card issuing device instructs to write the file FL, the IC card writes the data of the file FL to the storage medium 103. At this time, the IC card sequentially writes the record data to the record area arranged in the data area of the file FL to be written in accordance with the designation of the IC card issuing device.
In the process of executing data writing as described above, the IC card sets a write completion flag corresponding to the record for which record data has been written each time the record data has been written to the record. Rewrite from “0” to “1”. As a result, if writing of record data corresponding to each of the eight records # 1 to # 8 in the file FL is successful, as shown in FIG. 3B, the eight bits by the bits at the bit positions b1 to b8 are used. A state is obtained in which all the write completion flags are “1”. That is, the write completion flag at bit positions b1 to b8 in the write completion flag area FLA indicates that the writing of record data for all records # 1 to # 8 has been completed.

  On the other hand, although illustration is omitted, when there is a record that has not been written in any of records # 1 to # 8 when writing corresponding to the file FL unit is completed, writing is not performed. The write completion flag at the bit position corresponding to the record remains “0”. Specifically, among the records # 1 to # 8, when only the record # 3 is not written with the record data, the write completion flags at the bit positions b1, b2, and b4 to b8 are set to “1”. However, the write completion flag at bit position b3 is in a “0” state. In this case, writing of record data is completed for records # 1, # 2, and # 4 to # 8 by the write completion flags at bit positions b1 to b8 in the write completion flag area FLA, but for record # 3 It indicates that no record data has been written.

An example of the write completion flag area FLA corresponding to the case where the maximum number of records that can be stored in the file FL is 8 and the file FL stores less than 8 records will be described.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a write completion flag area FLA corresponding to a case where the file FL stores three records as a specific example. As described above, even when the number of records stored in the file FL is 3, which is less than 8, the write completion flag area FLA is formed by 8 bits corresponding to the maximum number of records that can be stored.
In addition, in the initial state of the write completion flag, the write completion flags at bit positions b1 to b8 are reset as shown in FIG. That is, “0” is set for each of the 3-bit write completion flags corresponding to the bit positions b1 to b3, indicating that the writing has not been completed. On the other hand, “1” is set for each of the 5-bit write completion flags corresponding to the bit positions b4 to b8 to which the record does not correspond. In other words, invalidation can be achieved by indicating that the writing has already been completed in the initialization stage.

  Then, in response to an instruction to write data to a certain file FL by the IC card issuing device, the IC card writes record data of three records when writing data of the designated file FL. As a result, in the write completion flag area FLA in the initial state shown in FIG. 4A, as shown in FIG. 4B, the 3-bit write completion flags at bit positions b1 to b3 are respectively set to “0”. By being rewritten to “1”, the write completion flag corresponding to all the bit positions b1 to b8 becomes “1”. Thus, the writing completion flag in the writing completion flag area FLA indicates that writing to all the records in the file FL has been completed.

  On the other hand, although illustration is omitted, when there is a record that has not been written in any of records # 1 to # 3 at the stage where data writing to the file FL has been completed, the record that has not been written. The write completion flag at the bit position corresponding to “0” remains “0”, indicating that no record data has been written.

  The write completion flag area FLA in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a fixed length according to the number of bits corresponding to the maximum number of records that can be stored in the file FL. However, the write completion flag area may have a variable length having the number of bits corresponding to the number of records stored in the file FL, for example.

Note that the value of each write completion flag in the write completion flag area FLA is returned to the initial state when a session executed under the state where communication with the IC card issuing device is established, for example. Initialization is performed. Alternatively, initialization of each writing completion flag in the writing completion flag area FLA may be performed at a predetermined stage until a session is started in response to establishment of communication with the IC card issuing device, for example. .
The write completion flag area FLA is stored in the file header of the file FL as shown in FIG. That is, the write completion flag area FLA in FIG. 2 shows an example stored in the structure of the file FL.
However, for example, the write completion flag area FLA may be associated with the file FL and stored in a predetermined area in the storage medium 103 as individual information not included in the file FL. In this case, the write completion flag area FLA may be stored in a volatile RAM area. By setting the write completion flag area FLA in the nonvolatile area in this way, for example, the transaction is completed and communication with the IC card issuing device is disconnected, and the power supply to the IC card is stopped. Accordingly, the value of each write completion flag in the write completion flag area FLA can be reset.

[Configuration example of IC card]
Next, a configuration example of the IC card 100 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, an IC card issuing device 200 (an example of a data writing device) is shown together with the IC card 100.

  First, the IC card issuing device 200 will be described. The IC card issuing device 200 is a device that performs an issue process related to the issue of the IC card 100. As an issuing process, the IC card issuing device 200 can execute file generation for creating a file storage area in which data of the file FL is stored in the storage medium 103 provided in the IC card 100. In addition, the IC card issuing device 200 can write file data in a file storage area created by file generation. When writing the data in the file FL, the IC card issuing device 200 specifies the data in the user data area AR3 in units of records and writes the data (record data).

Next, the IC card 100 shown in FIG. The IC card 100 in FIG. 1 includes a communication unit 101, a control unit 102, and a storage medium 103.
The communication unit 101 executes communication with the IC card issuing device 200.
The control unit 102 executes various controls in the IC card 100. The function as the control unit 102 is realized by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) included in the IC card 100 executing a program stored in the storage medium 103.
The control unit 102 in this embodiment includes a data writing unit 121, an identification information control unit 122, and a state transition control unit 123 as functional units related to writing of data stored in the storage medium 103.

  The data writing unit 121 writes data to the storage medium 103 in response to a command transmitted from the IC card issuing device 200. At this time, the data writing unit 121 writes record data in units of records for the user data area AR3 in the file FL. In addition, the data writing unit 121 according to the present embodiment determines whether or not the writing of the record data to be written in response to the data writing instruction from the IC card issuing device 200 has been completed. This is determined based on a write completion flag (an example of write completion identification information). The data writing unit 121 writes data when it is determined that writing is not completed, and does not perform data writing when it is determined that writing is completed.

  The identification information control unit 122 writes a record completion flag corresponding to the written record data in response to the record data being written to the storage medium 103 in accordance with the data write instruction from the IC card issuing device 200. Is rewritten from a state indicating that writing has not been performed to a state indicating completion of writing.

The state transition control unit 123 controls state transition of the IC card 100. Here, the “state” controlled by the state transition control unit 123 is a state (status) of the IC card 100 set in response to a command or the like from the IC card issuing device 200 in one session. Transition is made as “idle (0x00)”, “select (0x01)”, “Write Complete (0x02)”... “End (0xXX)”.
The state transition control unit 123 determines whether or not the record data has been written to all the records necessary for the state transition based on the write completion flag, and the record data has been written to all the records. State transition is prohibited when it is determined that it has not been performed, and state transition is permitted when it is determined that writing of record data to all records has been completed.

  The storage medium 103 stores various information used by the control unit 102. As described above, the storage medium 103 of the present embodiment stores the file having the structure shown in FIG. 2 after the area shown in FIG. 1 is set. The hardware supported by the storage medium 103 may be, for example, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) or a flash memory.

[Example of processing procedure]
Next, an example of a processing procedure executed by the IC card 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The process of FIG. 6 corresponds to a sequence executed by the IC card 100 in response to a certain command in the session.

  In the IC card 100, the data writing unit 121 checks the command execution condition corresponding to the command received from the IC card issuing device 200 (step S101). In confirming the command execution condition, the data writing unit 121 refers to the value of the command execution condition flag corresponding to the command code received this time. The command execution condition flag indicates whether the command can be executed or cannot be executed for each corresponding command code.

As a result of confirming the command execution condition in step S101, the data writing unit 121 determines whether or not the process in response to the command can be executed (step S102).
When the process in response to the command can be executed (YES in step S102), the data writing unit 121 searches for a record in the file FL to be written as a response to the command (step S103). The data writing unit 121 determines whether or not the write target record has been searched as a result of the search in step S103 (step S104).

  When the record to be written is retrieved in step S103 (step S104-YES), the data writing unit 121 checks the value of the write completion flag for each record to be written (step S105). At this time, the data writing unit 121 accesses the file FL including the record to be written, and checks the value of the write completion flag in the write completion flag area FLA stored in the file header.

  The data writing unit 121 determines whether or not there is at least one record that has already been written (write completion record) as a result of the confirmation of the write completion flag in step S105 (step S106).

  Here, when the process in response to the command cannot be executed (NO in step S102), the data writing unit 121 executes a process corresponding to the execution condition error (step S107). Specifically, in step S107, the data writing unit 121 does not execute the data writing process after the response to the command. Further, the data writing unit 121 may notify the IC card issuing device 200 of the occurrence of an execution condition error.

  Even if the command execution condition flag indicates that the command is executable, the record to be written corresponding to the command is stored in the storage medium 103 because, for example, the command is originally not compatible with the IC card 100. May not exist. In such a case, as a result of the search for the record to be written in step S103, it is determined that at least a part of the record to be written does not exist (step S104-NO). In this case, the data writing unit 121 executes processing corresponding to the execution condition error (step S107).

  In addition, even if the command execution condition flag indicates that execution is possible and the record to be written exists in the storage medium 103, the command execution condition flag corresponds to the current command in the session with the current IC card issuing device 200. There are cases where a record to be written has already been written. In this case, as a result of confirming the write completion flag in step S105, it is determined that there is a write completion record (YES in step S106). In the present embodiment, it is not permitted to write record data multiple times for the same record in one session. Therefore, the data writing unit 121 in this case executes processing corresponding to the execution condition error (step S107). This prevents the record data from being written a plurality of times for the same record in one session.

On the other hand, when it is determined as a result of the confirmation of the write completion flag in step S105 that there is no write completion record, that is, all the records to be written have not been written yet (NO in step S106). The data writing unit 121 executes the following processing.
That is, the data writing unit 121 writes the record data stored in one of the records to be written (step S108). The data writing unit 121 transfers the written record data to the IC card issuing device 200 via the communication unit 101.

  The identification information control unit 122 rewrites the write completion flag corresponding to the record of the written record data in response to the writing of the record data in step S108 (step S109). That is, the identification information control unit 122 changes the write completion flag corresponding to the record of the written record data from “0” indicating that writing has not yet been performed to “1” indicating that writing has been completed. To do.

The data writing unit 121 determines whether or not the writing of the record data for the last record among the records to be written has been completed by the writing of the record data in the current step S108 (step S110).
If writing of record data for the last record has not yet been executed (step S110—NO), the data writing unit 121 returns the process to step S108. As a result, the record data is written for one of the records to be written for which record data has not yet been written, and the corresponding write completion flag is rewritten.

On the other hand, when the writing of record data to the record designated as the last writing target is completed (step S110-YES), the state transition control unit 123 completes writing corresponding to each record to be written as a response to the command. The flag value is confirmed (step S111).
The state transition control unit 123 determines whether or not writing of record data for all the records to be written to be written as a response to the command is completed from the confirmation result in step S111 (step S112).

When any of the records to be written as a response to the command is not written in step S108 due to an error in specifying the record to be written by the IC card issuing device 200 or a data write error on the data writing unit 121 side. There is. In such a case, the corresponding write completion flag is not rewritten in step S108 for the record that has not been written. In this case, as a result of the confirmation in step S111, it is determined that writing has not been completed for all the records to be written (step S112—NO).
As described above, when it is determined that writing has not been completed for all of the records to be written, the state transition control unit 123 executes processing corresponding to the state transition error (step S113). Specifically, the state transition control unit 123 does not perform transition to the next state according to the completion of data writing in response to the current command. That is, the state transition control unit 123 in this case performs control for prohibiting transition to the next state. Further, the state transition control unit 123 may notify the IC card issuing device 200 that a state transition error has occurred.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that writing has been completed for all the records to be written (YES in step S112), the state transition control unit 123 performs control so that transition to the next state is performed ( Step S114). That is, the state transition control unit 123 in this case performs control to permit transition to the next state.

  As described above, the IC card 100 according to this embodiment is capable of managing the write completion flag corresponding to each record stored in the file FL stored in the storage medium 103. As a result, the IC card 100 itself can determine whether or not the writing of data in record units in one session has been completed.

In addition, prior to data writing, the IC card 100 does not perform data writing when the writing completion flag indicates that writing to the record to be written has been completed. (Step S105, Step S106, Step S107). As a result, for example, even if the writing of the file FL is permitted in response to satisfying the command execution condition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the problem that the writing is executed a plurality of times for the same record in the file FL. be able to. In addition to preventing the occurrence of defects, such control can prevent data from being written due to unauthorized access to the storage medium 103 after satisfying command execution conditions, for example.
Further, the IC card 100 checks the write completion flag at the stage where the writing of record data to the record designated as the write target is completed, and if writing to all the records to be written is not completed, The transition to the state is not performed (prohibited) (steps S111, S112, S113). Thereby, in the IC card 100 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the problem that the data state under a certain state is not properly completed but transitions to the next state. For example, even if the command execution condition is cleared with a fake command, for example, if the specification of the record to be written is different, a state transition error occurs and the state transition does not occur.
In the present embodiment, the above-described trouble prevention and fraud prevention can be realized by the IC card 100 itself without depending on the higher-level IC card issuing device 200.

  Note that data writing (including rewriting) to the IC card 100 may be performed by control of a reader / writer or the like even in an operation stage after the IC card issuance. The management of the write completion flag as described above in the IC card 100 of the present embodiment, the record write control based on the write completion flag, and the state transition control may be applied even in the operation stage.

  It should be noted that a program for realizing the functions of the above-described IC card 100 is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into a computer system and executed, thereby executing the above-described IC. Processing as the card 100 may be performed. Here, “loading and executing a program recorded on a recording medium into a computer system” includes installing the program in the computer system. The “computer system” here includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. Further, the “computer system” may include a plurality of computer devices connected via a network including a communication line such as the Internet, WAN, LAN, and dedicated line. The “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage device such as a flexible medium, a magneto-optical disk, a portable medium such as a ROM and a CD-ROM, and a hard disk incorporated in a computer system. As described above, the recording medium storing the program may be a non-transitory recording medium such as a CD-ROM. The recording medium also includes a recording medium provided inside or outside that is accessible from the distribution server in order to distribute the program. The code of the program stored in the recording medium of the distribution server may be different from the code of the program that can be executed by the terminal device. That is, the format stored in the distribution server is not limited as long as it can be downloaded from the distribution server and installed in a form that can be executed by the terminal device. Note that the program may be divided into a plurality of parts, downloaded at different timings, and combined in the terminal device, or the distribution server that distributes each of the divided programs may be different. Furthermore, a “computer-readable recording medium” holds a program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory (RAM) inside a computer system that becomes a server or client when the program is transmitted via a network. Including things. The program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Furthermore, what can implement | achieve the function mentioned above in combination with the program already recorded on the computer system, and what is called a difference file (difference program) may be sufficient.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 IC card, 101 Communication part, 102 Control part, 103 Storage medium, 121 Data writing part, 122 Identification information control part, 123 State transition control part, 200 IC card issuing apparatus

Claims (4)

A storage medium storing a file including one or more unit data associated with write completion identification information;
A communication unit communicating with the data writing device;
In response to the writing of the unit data to the storage medium in response to the data writing instruction from the data writing device, the writing completion identification information corresponding to the written unit data is written. A storage medium device comprising: an identification information control unit that rewrites a state indicating no writing to a state indicating completion of writing. At the time of the state transition of the storage medium device, it is determined based on the write completion identification information whether or not the writing of all unit data necessary for the state transition is completed, and the writing of all the unit data is completed. The system further includes a state transition control unit that prohibits the state transition when it is determined that the state transition is not performed and permits the state transition when it is determined that writing of all the unit data is completed. The storage medium device described. Based on the write completion identification information, it is determined whether or not writing has been completed for the unit data to be written in response to the data writing instruction from the data writing device. The data writing unit according to claim 1, further comprising: a data writing unit configured to perform data writing when it is determined that the writing is not performed, and not to perform data writing when it is determined that the writing is completed. Storage media device. A computer as a storage medium device comprising a storage medium storing a file including one or more unit data associated with write completion identification information and a communication unit communicating with the data writing device,
In response to writing of unit data to the storage medium by the data writing device, writing completion identification information corresponding to the written unit data is written from a state indicating that writing has not been performed. A program for functioning as an identification information control unit that rewrites the status to indicate completion.

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